The document summarizes information about the gallbladder and extrahepatic biliary tree. It discusses the embryology, anatomy, physiology, composition of bile, functions of the gallbladder, and radiologic diagnosis of biliary tract disease. Key points include that the liver and biliary structures develop during the fourth week of fetal life, bile is produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, and techniques for radiologic diagnosis include plain abdominal films, ultrasonography, HIDA scans, ERCP, and MRI/CT.

1. UNIVERSIDAD DE GUADALAJARA
Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud
GALLBLADDER &
EXTRAHEPATIC BILIARY TREE
Dr. Benjamín Robles Mariscal
Dr. Héctor Manuel Virgen Ayala
Clínicas quirúrgicas
Brenda de la Torre Aguayo
209340718

2. Embryology
• Development of the liver and biliary structures
begins during the fourth week of fetal life.
– Caudal portion

3. ANATOMY

4. Inervación
Motor innervation. T8
T9
Sensory innervation
Valves of Heister

5. Anatomy

6. Physiology
• Bile…produce by the liver, transported to the
gallbladder and released in response to
humoral and neural control
• Hepatic production: 600 mL

7. Composition of bile
1 Electrolytes and water
2 Bile pigments
3 Protein
4 Lipids
a) Phospholipids, primarily lecithin
b) Cholesterol
c) Bile acids (bile salts): chenodeoxycholic acid and cholic acid conjugates with
taurine and glycine

8. Functions of the gallbladder
Storage of bile
Concentration of bile
• Absorption of water
• Secretion of mucus
Release of bile
• Simultaneous contraction of the gallbladder and
relaxation of the sphincter of Oddi
• CCK

9. RADIOLOGIC DIAGNOSIS OF
BILIARY TRACT DISEASE

10. Plain abdominal films

11. Real time ultrasonography

12. Hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid
(HIDA) scan

13. Endoscopic retrograde
cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

14. 1 Common bile duct
2 Common hepatic duct
3 Cystic duct
4 Endoscope in duodeno
5 Gallbladder
6 Amper´s ampulla
7 Left hepatic duct
8 Neck of gallbladder
9 Pancreatic duct
10 Right hepatic duct

15. MRI / CT

16. GRACIAS
THANK YOU