In contrast to the principle of metadata simplicity and sufficiency, the principle of metadata enriching can be considered a departure from traditional cataloguing approaches where the focus was on metadata simplicity. Metadata created and managed following the principle of metadata enriching better responds to users’ needs. Whilst the principle of enriching results in a potential abundance of metadata, the principle of filtering is used to simplify its presentation by enabling a user-centred/focused/led design.
Metadata enriching and filtering for enhanced collection discoverability Getaneh Alemu
The return on investment for academic libraries is chiefly tied to access, usage and impact. Without accurate, consistent and quality metadata on the one hand, and an easy-to-use and effective discovery service on the other, these valuable resources may remain invisible and inaccessible to users. In this talk, Getaneh aims to present four overarching metadata principles, namely: metadata enriching, linking, openness and filtering. And how these ideas help shape the metadata creation and discovery services at Solent University – focusing on the implementation of RDA and FRBR as well as the use of subject headings and authority controls.
Sherif Metadata Talk - London (June 25th 2018)Getaneh Alemu
This document summarizes the existing challenges and opportunities in the cataloguing and metadata function of Southampton Solent University. It discusses how the university has shifted to primarily electronic resources and moved to enrich metadata through standards like RDA. It also touches on balancing metadata quality with completeness while avoiding duplication through techniques like WEMI and FRBRization. The future of metadata is discussed as being enriched, linked, open and filtered.
Slides from a webinar presentation organised by ALCTS -A division of the American Library Association - February 19th 2020. http://www.ala.org/alcts/confevents/upcoming/webinar/021920
The return on investment for academic libraries is chiefly tied to access, usage, and impact. Without accurate, consistent, and quality metadata on the one hand, and an easy-to-use and effective discovery service on the other, these valuable resources may remain invisible and inaccessible to users. In this webinar, four overarching metadata principles, namely metadata enriching, linking, openness, and filtering, are presented. In addition, presenters will examine how these ideas help shape the metadata creation and discovery services at Solent University—focusing on the implementation of RDA and FRBR as well as the use of subject authority headings and authority controls.
This document discusses metadata and its importance for digital libraries and humanities. It defines metadata as "data about data" that describes resources to help users find, identify and select them. Metadata plays a crucial role in managing the huge amount of digital information and data available. The document advocates for an approach of enriching metadata by allowing both experts and users to contribute, and filtering it through customizable interfaces to meet diverse user needs.
Presentación del Dr. Getaneh Alemu (Solent University, Reino Unido), en el II Congreso de Información, Comunicación e Investigación (CICI 2018) “Metadatos y Organización de la Información”. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, México. Evento organizado por el Cuerpo Académico 'Estudios de la Información' y el Grupo Disciplinar ‘Información, Lenguaje, Comunicación y Desarrollo Sostenible’. 29 de octubre de 2018.
Metadata enriching and discovery at Solent University Library Getaneh Alemu
This document discusses metadata enriching and discovery at Solent University. It begins with introductions and context about how enriched, linked, open and filtered metadata drives resource usage. It then discusses several principles of metadata including sufficiency, necessity, user convenience, representation and standardization. The document outlines how Solent University has enriched its metadata by importing subject headings and authorities. It discusses metadata linking, openness, filtering and usage. Overall it emphasizes the importance of enriching metadata and keeping interfaces simple while maximizing resource discovery and usage.
Presented for managers & researchers at The Global One Health Initiative of the Ohio State University, Africa Regional Branch in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (April 24th 2019)
Metadata enriching and filtering for enhanced collection discoverability Getaneh Alemu
The return on investment for academic libraries is chiefly tied to access, usage and impact. Without accurate, consistent and quality metadata on the one hand, and an easy-to-use and effective discovery service on the other, these valuable resources may remain invisible and inaccessible to users. In this talk, Getaneh aims to present four overarching metadata principles, namely: metadata enriching, linking, openness and filtering. And how these ideas help shape the metadata creation and discovery services at Solent University – focusing on the implementation of RDA and FRBR as well as the use of subject headings and authority controls.
Sherif Metadata Talk - London (June 25th 2018)Getaneh Alemu
This document summarizes the existing challenges and opportunities in the cataloguing and metadata function of Southampton Solent University. It discusses how the university has shifted to primarily electronic resources and moved to enrich metadata through standards like RDA. It also touches on balancing metadata quality with completeness while avoiding duplication through techniques like WEMI and FRBRization. The future of metadata is discussed as being enriched, linked, open and filtered.
Slides from a webinar presentation organised by ALCTS -A division of the American Library Association - February 19th 2020. http://www.ala.org/alcts/confevents/upcoming/webinar/021920
The return on investment for academic libraries is chiefly tied to access, usage, and impact. Without accurate, consistent, and quality metadata on the one hand, and an easy-to-use and effective discovery service on the other, these valuable resources may remain invisible and inaccessible to users. In this webinar, four overarching metadata principles, namely metadata enriching, linking, openness, and filtering, are presented. In addition, presenters will examine how these ideas help shape the metadata creation and discovery services at Solent University—focusing on the implementation of RDA and FRBR as well as the use of subject authority headings and authority controls.
This document discusses metadata and its importance for digital libraries and humanities. It defines metadata as "data about data" that describes resources to help users find, identify and select them. Metadata plays a crucial role in managing the huge amount of digital information and data available. The document advocates for an approach of enriching metadata by allowing both experts and users to contribute, and filtering it through customizable interfaces to meet diverse user needs.
Presentación del Dr. Getaneh Alemu (Solent University, Reino Unido), en el II Congreso de Información, Comunicación e Investigación (CICI 2018) “Metadatos y Organización de la Información”. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, México. Evento organizado por el Cuerpo Académico 'Estudios de la Información' y el Grupo Disciplinar ‘Información, Lenguaje, Comunicación y Desarrollo Sostenible’. 29 de octubre de 2018.
Metadata enriching and discovery at Solent University Library Getaneh Alemu
This document discusses metadata enriching and discovery at Solent University. It begins with introductions and context about how enriched, linked, open and filtered metadata drives resource usage. It then discusses several principles of metadata including sufficiency, necessity, user convenience, representation and standardization. The document outlines how Solent University has enriched its metadata by importing subject headings and authorities. It discusses metadata linking, openness, filtering and usage. Overall it emphasizes the importance of enriching metadata and keeping interfaces simple while maximizing resource discovery and usage.
Presented for managers & researchers at The Global One Health Initiative of the Ohio State University, Africa Regional Branch in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (April 24th 2019)
Current metadata landscape in the library world (Getaneh Alemu)Getaneh Alemu
The document summarizes the current metadata landscape in libraries. It discusses what metadata is, existing metadata challenges like growing collections and changing user expectations. It covers common metadata standards like MARC21, Dublin Core and frameworks like FRBR. The document emphasizes that metadata enables functions like search, discovery and organization. It discusses metadata enrichment through user tagging and linking metadata to controlled vocabularies. The future of metadata is seen as enriched, linked, open and filtered to meet changing needs.
Current metadata landscape in the library world Getaneh AlemuGetaneh Alemu
This workshop was presented at MTSR-2017 (Nov. 27, 2017) in Tallinn, Estonia http://www.mtsr-conf.org/index.php/programme The workshop aims to bring the current metadata landscape in libraries in context, with particular emphasis on emerging theory/principles and best practices covering:
• The theory of enriching and filtering
• Metadata enriching through RDA (Hands on - The RDA Toolkit and implementation of RDA at Southampton Solent University)
• Metadata filtering through FRBR (practical issues that cataloguers face in FRBRising their catalogue)
• Metadata management (metadata quality, authority control and subject headings)
• Metadata systems, tools and applications (practical issues of e-books and database cataloguing)
The role of metadata for discovery: tips for content providersGetaneh Alemu
This presentation was made on 17th February 2022 at the NISO PLUS 2022 Conference. It offers an overview of IFLA’s LRM (FRBR) tasks, namely finding, identifying, selecting, obtaining, and exploring information resources. It points out that metadata is key for content distribution, visibility, discoverability, accessibility, sales and usage.
https://np22.niso.plus/Category/28a52f1d-a477-43e8-a7dc-abd009383a57
A theory of digital library metadata : enrich then filter Getaneh Alemu
The document presents a theory of enriching digital library metadata through a social constructivist approach, then filtering it for users. It discusses limitations of current standards-based approaches and the need to incorporate socially constructed metadata. The theory is based on interviews with 57 librarians, students, and lecturers. It proposes separating metadata content enrichment, as a continuous process, from interface filtering. Enrichment should move from user-centered to user-driven and involve diverse metadata that better meets users' needs through seamless linking. The goal is "useful" rather than "perfect" metadata, with post-hoc user-driven filtering. The presenter provides an example of implementing this theory at Southampton Solent University Library.
Linked Data for Libraries: Benefits of a Conceptual Shift from Library-Specif...Getaneh Alemu
This presentation (full text paper: http://conference.ifla.org/sites/default/files/files/papers/wlic2012/92-alemu-en.pdf ) provides recommendations for making a conceptual shift from current document-centric to data-centric metadata. The importance of adjusting current library models such as Resource Description and Access (RDA) and Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) to models based on Linked Data principles is discussed. In relation to technical formats, the paper suggests the need to leapfrog from Machine Readable Cataloguing (MARC) to Resource Description Framework (RDF), without disrupting current library metadata operations.
This presentation was delivered by Gloria Gonzalez of Zepheira during the NISO Virtual Conference, BIBFRAME & Real World Applications of Linked Bibliographic Data, held on June 15, 2016.
The document summarizes the origins and development of Linked Open Data for libraries, archives, and museums (LODLAM). It discusses how library standards from the 1970s did not integrate well with the wider web. It then describes the LODLAM initiative, which began in 2011 to convene leaders to publish and work with Linked Open Data from these institutions. The initiative aims to identify tools and techniques, define policies, and promote use cases to advocate for Linked Open Data in cultural heritage organizations.
Libraries, collections, technology: presented at Pennylvania State University...lisld
Library collections are changing in a network environment. This presentation considers how collections are being reconfigured, it looks at research support services, and it explores the shift from the purchased/licensed collection to the facilitated collection.
Final project posters for lis 653 spring 2014PrattSILS
This document discusses the history and practices of cataloging moving images. It begins with a brief history of moving image cataloging since the late 19th century. It then provides examples of how different institutions, such as the Library of Congress, Lucasfilm Research Library, Museum of Modern Art, and Paramount Pictures approach cataloging their moving image collections. These case studies illustrate the variety of standards, tools, and metadata schemes used. The document also covers two approaches to metadata organization and issues of interoperability. Finally, it discusses how emerging technologies like the semantic web can enhance metadata and connections between content.
This presentation was provided by Scott Ziegler of Louisiana State University during the NISO Virtual Conference, Open Data Projects, held on Wednesday, June 13, 2018.
Full Spectrum Stewardship of the Scholarly Record by Brian E. C. Schottlaende...Charleston Conference
Brian Schottlaender discusses the full-spectrum stewardship of the scholarly record. He defines the spectrum as a continuum ranging from stable, established scholarly outputs like journal articles and archives, to less stable outputs like blogs and data. Libraries have historically played a role in curating and preserving the stable portions of the record. However, the digital environment has expanded the types of scholarly resources and introduced new challenges around their long-term management. Effective stewardship of the entire spectrum requires partnerships across different stakeholders and institutions.
Towards collaboration at scale: Libraries, the social and the technicallisld
Libraries are now supporting research and learning behaviors in data rich network environments. This presentation looks at some examples focusing on how an emphasis on individual systems needs to give way to a broader view of process, workflow and behaviors.
It also discusses how this environment creates a demand for collaboration at scale among libraries.
This presentation was provided by Anne Washington of the University of Houston during the NISO virtual conference, Open Data Projects, held on Wednesday, June 13, 2018.
Giving Credit Where Credit is Due: Author and Funder IDsAndrea Payant
A process to include standardized funder and author identifiers into institutional repository and ILS records which are associated with funded research data
The document discusses the origins and development of linked open data initiatives for libraries, archives, and museums (LODLAM). It notes that library standards like MARC were originally developed internally in the 1960s-1970s. The LODLAM initiative aims to identify tools and techniques for publishing linked open data from cultural heritage institutions and draft policies around licensing and copyright. The initiative has convened leaders since 2011 to promote these goals.
This presentation was provided by Chris Erdmann of Library Carpentries and by Judy Ruttenberg of ARL during the NISO virtual conference, Open Data Projects, held on Wednesday, June 13, 2018.
The facilitated collection: collections and collecting in a network environmentlisld
We often think of collections as local – whether owned or licensed. Increasingly this picture is changing in several ways. Libraries are sharing responsibility for collections. Libraries are providing access to materials they do not own, but which are available to their users (freely available digital book collections for example). Demand driven acquisitions changes the view of local collections. Institutions are also thinking about how to manage locally produced materials (research data for example) and support access across institutions. This trend is supported by changes as discovery is peeled away from local collections. This presentation discusses these trends, and collections and discovery change in a network environment.
This was a presentation at the Libraries Australia Forum, Melbourne, 2015
Semantic Metadata Interoperability in Digital LibrariesGetaneh Alemu
This document describes a constructivist grounded theory approach to addressing semantic metadata interoperability issues in digital libraries. It discusses challenges like differing naming conventions, identification practices, and terminology used across systems. Bottom-up, qualitative methods are proposed over top-down standards to account for diverse cultural interpretations. Interviews with librarians, researchers and students revealed that controlled vocabularies often fail to represent local perspectives and that semantic interoperability requires a social constructivist approach.
This document describes a case study where the University of Denver used Getty vocabularies as linked open data in a cataloging tool for an academic teaching collection. The tool was designed with a user-friendly interface, Dublin Core metadata, and integrated authority control drawn from sources like ULAN, AAT, and Library of Congress. Screenshots show how materials could be cataloged and metadata exported to other systems using standards from the semantic web like URIs, RDF, and SPARQL. The tool helped increase efficiency and quality of metadata production for the teaching collection.
Use of a follow-up survey for improvement of a digital libraryKathryn Brockmeier
This paper will begin with an overview of digital libraries and usability and a brief discussion of recent trends in usability testing of digital libraries. That is followed by a brief discussion of continuous quality improvement of a digital library, specifically the implementation of a follow-up survey to be completed by the general population who visit a publicly accessed digital library. Then a follow-up instrument is introduced.
From Access to Use: the quality of human-archives interactions as a research ...Pierluigi Feliciati
Visiting Dodson Professor Colloquium - Vancouver, University of British Columbia - iSchool of Library, Archival and Information Studies - 14 March 2019 12:00 pm - Chilcotin Room (256), Irving K. Barber Learning Centre
Current metadata landscape in the library world (Getaneh Alemu)Getaneh Alemu
The document summarizes the current metadata landscape in libraries. It discusses what metadata is, existing metadata challenges like growing collections and changing user expectations. It covers common metadata standards like MARC21, Dublin Core and frameworks like FRBR. The document emphasizes that metadata enables functions like search, discovery and organization. It discusses metadata enrichment through user tagging and linking metadata to controlled vocabularies. The future of metadata is seen as enriched, linked, open and filtered to meet changing needs.
Current metadata landscape in the library world Getaneh AlemuGetaneh Alemu
This workshop was presented at MTSR-2017 (Nov. 27, 2017) in Tallinn, Estonia http://www.mtsr-conf.org/index.php/programme The workshop aims to bring the current metadata landscape in libraries in context, with particular emphasis on emerging theory/principles and best practices covering:
• The theory of enriching and filtering
• Metadata enriching through RDA (Hands on - The RDA Toolkit and implementation of RDA at Southampton Solent University)
• Metadata filtering through FRBR (practical issues that cataloguers face in FRBRising their catalogue)
• Metadata management (metadata quality, authority control and subject headings)
• Metadata systems, tools and applications (practical issues of e-books and database cataloguing)
The role of metadata for discovery: tips for content providersGetaneh Alemu
This presentation was made on 17th February 2022 at the NISO PLUS 2022 Conference. It offers an overview of IFLA’s LRM (FRBR) tasks, namely finding, identifying, selecting, obtaining, and exploring information resources. It points out that metadata is key for content distribution, visibility, discoverability, accessibility, sales and usage.
https://np22.niso.plus/Category/28a52f1d-a477-43e8-a7dc-abd009383a57
A theory of digital library metadata : enrich then filter Getaneh Alemu
The document presents a theory of enriching digital library metadata through a social constructivist approach, then filtering it for users. It discusses limitations of current standards-based approaches and the need to incorporate socially constructed metadata. The theory is based on interviews with 57 librarians, students, and lecturers. It proposes separating metadata content enrichment, as a continuous process, from interface filtering. Enrichment should move from user-centered to user-driven and involve diverse metadata that better meets users' needs through seamless linking. The goal is "useful" rather than "perfect" metadata, with post-hoc user-driven filtering. The presenter provides an example of implementing this theory at Southampton Solent University Library.
Linked Data for Libraries: Benefits of a Conceptual Shift from Library-Specif...Getaneh Alemu
This presentation (full text paper: http://conference.ifla.org/sites/default/files/files/papers/wlic2012/92-alemu-en.pdf ) provides recommendations for making a conceptual shift from current document-centric to data-centric metadata. The importance of adjusting current library models such as Resource Description and Access (RDA) and Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) to models based on Linked Data principles is discussed. In relation to technical formats, the paper suggests the need to leapfrog from Machine Readable Cataloguing (MARC) to Resource Description Framework (RDF), without disrupting current library metadata operations.
This presentation was delivered by Gloria Gonzalez of Zepheira during the NISO Virtual Conference, BIBFRAME & Real World Applications of Linked Bibliographic Data, held on June 15, 2016.
The document summarizes the origins and development of Linked Open Data for libraries, archives, and museums (LODLAM). It discusses how library standards from the 1970s did not integrate well with the wider web. It then describes the LODLAM initiative, which began in 2011 to convene leaders to publish and work with Linked Open Data from these institutions. The initiative aims to identify tools and techniques, define policies, and promote use cases to advocate for Linked Open Data in cultural heritage organizations.
Libraries, collections, technology: presented at Pennylvania State University...lisld
Library collections are changing in a network environment. This presentation considers how collections are being reconfigured, it looks at research support services, and it explores the shift from the purchased/licensed collection to the facilitated collection.
Final project posters for lis 653 spring 2014PrattSILS
This document discusses the history and practices of cataloging moving images. It begins with a brief history of moving image cataloging since the late 19th century. It then provides examples of how different institutions, such as the Library of Congress, Lucasfilm Research Library, Museum of Modern Art, and Paramount Pictures approach cataloging their moving image collections. These case studies illustrate the variety of standards, tools, and metadata schemes used. The document also covers two approaches to metadata organization and issues of interoperability. Finally, it discusses how emerging technologies like the semantic web can enhance metadata and connections between content.
This presentation was provided by Scott Ziegler of Louisiana State University during the NISO Virtual Conference, Open Data Projects, held on Wednesday, June 13, 2018.
Full Spectrum Stewardship of the Scholarly Record by Brian E. C. Schottlaende...Charleston Conference
Brian Schottlaender discusses the full-spectrum stewardship of the scholarly record. He defines the spectrum as a continuum ranging from stable, established scholarly outputs like journal articles and archives, to less stable outputs like blogs and data. Libraries have historically played a role in curating and preserving the stable portions of the record. However, the digital environment has expanded the types of scholarly resources and introduced new challenges around their long-term management. Effective stewardship of the entire spectrum requires partnerships across different stakeholders and institutions.
Towards collaboration at scale: Libraries, the social and the technicallisld
Libraries are now supporting research and learning behaviors in data rich network environments. This presentation looks at some examples focusing on how an emphasis on individual systems needs to give way to a broader view of process, workflow and behaviors.
It also discusses how this environment creates a demand for collaboration at scale among libraries.
This presentation was provided by Anne Washington of the University of Houston during the NISO virtual conference, Open Data Projects, held on Wednesday, June 13, 2018.
Giving Credit Where Credit is Due: Author and Funder IDsAndrea Payant
A process to include standardized funder and author identifiers into institutional repository and ILS records which are associated with funded research data
The document discusses the origins and development of linked open data initiatives for libraries, archives, and museums (LODLAM). It notes that library standards like MARC were originally developed internally in the 1960s-1970s. The LODLAM initiative aims to identify tools and techniques for publishing linked open data from cultural heritage institutions and draft policies around licensing and copyright. The initiative has convened leaders since 2011 to promote these goals.
This presentation was provided by Chris Erdmann of Library Carpentries and by Judy Ruttenberg of ARL during the NISO virtual conference, Open Data Projects, held on Wednesday, June 13, 2018.
The facilitated collection: collections and collecting in a network environmentlisld
We often think of collections as local – whether owned or licensed. Increasingly this picture is changing in several ways. Libraries are sharing responsibility for collections. Libraries are providing access to materials they do not own, but which are available to their users (freely available digital book collections for example). Demand driven acquisitions changes the view of local collections. Institutions are also thinking about how to manage locally produced materials (research data for example) and support access across institutions. This trend is supported by changes as discovery is peeled away from local collections. This presentation discusses these trends, and collections and discovery change in a network environment.
This was a presentation at the Libraries Australia Forum, Melbourne, 2015
Semantic Metadata Interoperability in Digital LibrariesGetaneh Alemu
This document describes a constructivist grounded theory approach to addressing semantic metadata interoperability issues in digital libraries. It discusses challenges like differing naming conventions, identification practices, and terminology used across systems. Bottom-up, qualitative methods are proposed over top-down standards to account for diverse cultural interpretations. Interviews with librarians, researchers and students revealed that controlled vocabularies often fail to represent local perspectives and that semantic interoperability requires a social constructivist approach.
This document describes a case study where the University of Denver used Getty vocabularies as linked open data in a cataloging tool for an academic teaching collection. The tool was designed with a user-friendly interface, Dublin Core metadata, and integrated authority control drawn from sources like ULAN, AAT, and Library of Congress. Screenshots show how materials could be cataloged and metadata exported to other systems using standards from the semantic web like URIs, RDF, and SPARQL. The tool helped increase efficiency and quality of metadata production for the teaching collection.
Use of a follow-up survey for improvement of a digital libraryKathryn Brockmeier
This paper will begin with an overview of digital libraries and usability and a brief discussion of recent trends in usability testing of digital libraries. That is followed by a brief discussion of continuous quality improvement of a digital library, specifically the implementation of a follow-up survey to be completed by the general population who visit a publicly accessed digital library. Then a follow-up instrument is introduced.
From Access to Use: the quality of human-archives interactions as a research ...Pierluigi Feliciati
Visiting Dodson Professor Colloquium - Vancouver, University of British Columbia - iSchool of Library, Archival and Information Studies - 14 March 2019 12:00 pm - Chilcotin Room (256), Irving K. Barber Learning Centre
Data Management for Collaboration, Access, and InteroperabilityPlato L. Smith II
A webinar was presented to former and current CLIR Postdoc Fellows via Adobe Connect on 2/11/2015 discussing the relationship between the researcher and data life cycle models along with some concepts of data management and linked open data. The presentation was developed and delivered by Karl Benedict and Plato Smith.
Managing 'Big Data' in the social sciences: the contribution of an analytico-...CILIP MDG
This document discusses managing large datasets in the social sciences. It describes how the UK Data Service curates and provides access to large survey and census data. It explores how classification schemes could help organize and provide subject access to these growing datasets. A pilot project classified datasets using the Universal Decimal Classification scheme and found it efficient and helped visualize subject categories. Overall, carefully chosen knowledge organization tools can help provide multidimensional subject access needed to analyze complex datasets.
The document discusses personal information management (PIM) tools and strategies. It describes how PIM has been an issue since information became available and outlines some common PIM tools like email, calendars, computer desktop organization, and websites. It also discusses the implications of increased digital information storage, such as challenges around saving, organizing, and retrieving personal information across multiple tools and locations.
This document summarizes a presentation by Mark A. Parsons on infrastructure, relationships, trust, and the Research Data Alliance (RDA). The presentation discusses how research infrastructure now requires electronic infrastructure (e-infrastructure) due to data-intensive science. It also discusses how infrastructure emerges through relationships between people, technologies, and institutions. The RDA is introduced as a community working to build social and technical bridges to enable open data sharing across disciplines. Initial and future products being developed by RDA working groups are also summarized.
This document discusses key aspects of digitization and digital preservation. It defines digitization as representing objects through numbers and discusses reasons for digitization like access and preservation. It outlines three key aspects of digital preservation - management, technology, and content. For management it discusses policies, planning, resources and advocacy. For technology it discusses standards like OAIS. For content it discusses metadata standards, file formats, and working with creators. It emphasizes digital preservation is a long term project that requires careful planning and resources.
Opening/Framing Comments: John Behrens, Vice President, Center for Digital Data, Analytics, & Adaptive Learning Pearson
Discussion of how the field of educational measurement is changing; how long held assumptions may no longer be taken for granted and that new terminology and language are coming into the.
Panel 1: Beyond the Construct: New Forms of Measurement
This panel presents new views of what assessment can be and new species of big data that push our understanding for what can be used in evidentiary arguments.
Marcia Linn, Lydia Liu from UC Berkeley and ETS discuss continuous assessment of science and new kinds of constructs that relate to collaboration and student reasoning.
John Byrnes from SRI International discusses text and other semi-structured data sources and different methods of analysis.
Kristin Dicerbo from Pearson discusses hidden assessments and the different student interactions and events that can be used in inferential processes.
Panel 2: The Test is Just the Beginning: Assessments Meet Systems Context
This panel looks at how assessments are not the end game, but often the first step in larger big-data practices at districts/state/national levels.
Gerald Tindal from the University of Oregon discusses State data systems and special education, including curriculum-based measurement across geographic settings.
Jack Buckley Commissioner of the National Center for Educational Statistics discussing national datasets where tests and other data connect.
Lindsay Page, Will Marinell from the Strategic Data Project at Harvard discussing state and district datasets used for evaluating teachers, colleges of education, and student progress.
Panel 3: Connecting the Dots: Research Agendas to Integrate Different Worlds
This panel will look at how research organizations are viewing the connections between the perspectives presented in Panels 1 and 2; what is known, what is still yet to be discovered in order to achieve the promised of big connected data in education.
Andrea Conklin Bueschel Program Director at the Spencer Foundation
Ed Dieterle Senior Program Officer at the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
Edith Gummer Program Manager at National Science Foundation
RDAP 15: Research Data Integration in the Purdue LibrariesASIS&T
Research Data Access and Preservation Summit, 2015
Minneapolis, MN
April 22-23, 2015
Lisa Zilinski, Data Specialist, Carnegie Mellon University
Amy Barton, Metadata Specialist, Purdue
Tao Zhang, Digital User Experience Specialist, Purdue
Line Pouchard, Computational Science Information Specialist, Purdue
Pete E. Pascuzzi, Molecular Biosciences Information Specialist, Purdue
Data mining concept and methods for basicNivaTripathy2
This document provides an overview of data mining concepts and techniques. It discusses why data mining is useful given the massive amount of data being collected. Data mining involves extracting patterns from large datasets and can be used for applications like market analysis, risk analysis, and fraud detection. The document outlines the key steps in the knowledge discovery process including data preprocessing, data mining, and pattern evaluation. It also describes different types of patterns that can be mined, such as associations, classifications, and clusters. Factors that determine whether patterns are interesting to users are discussed. Finally, the document introduces the concept of a data mining query language to allow interactive exploration of patterns.
Big Data and Data Mining - Lecture 3 in Introduction to Computational Social ...Lauri Eloranta
Third lecture of the course CSS01: Introduction to Computational Social Science at the University of Helsinki, Spring 2015.(http://blogs.helsinki.fi/computationalsocialscience/).
Lecturer: Lauri Eloranta
Questions & Comments: https://twitter.com/laurieloranta
This document provides an introduction to data mining and data warehousing. It defines data mining as the process of extracting knowledge from large amounts of data. The evolution of database technologies is discussed, from early file processing systems to today's data warehousing and data mining capabilities. Key aspects of data mining systems and processes are described, including the typical architecture of a data mining system with components like data sources, data mining engines, and knowledge bases. The document also discusses the types of data that data mining can be applied to, such as relational databases and data warehouses.
Information architecture involves structuring, organizing, and labeling shared information environments to facilitate finding and managing information. It takes an organic approach, recognizing environments and information systems are dynamic and evolve over time through trial and error. Key factors in information architecture include understanding the context, content, and users of a system. The context includes business goals, funding, technology resources and constraints. The content refers to documents, data, and existing structures. Understanding users involves analyzing their needs, behaviors, and information seeking habits.
Learning from past infrastructure to embrace friction and create the Research...Research Data Alliance
RDA provides a neutral space for researchers to develop standards and share data across disciplines through working groups and interest groups. It focuses on developing interoperability through deliverables like registries and identifiers. While it doesn't define architecture, it aims to foster connections and provide unity. RDA also takes a "glocal" approach, implementing standards locally while addressing global issues. Friction in collaboration is inevitable but necessary for progress, and RDA provides a place for discussions to work through differences.
The document discusses the growth of data and the field of data science. It begins by noting the large amounts of data being generated daily by various sources like web/e-commerce transactions, social networks, and scientific projects. It then discusses some of the challenges of big data including volume, velocity, and variety. The document provides an overview of the multidisciplinary nature of data science and the skills required of data scientists. It also summarizes different approaches to and job roles in data science.
Gujranwala medical collge digital library accessAsif Iqbal
The document discusses the challenges libraries face in developing digital strategies and managing digital assets. It notes that libraries must renovate their practices to support research and learning while upholding their mission in the face of changing user behaviors and technological developments. However, developing digital strategies is difficult due to a lack of recognized patterns, uncertain directions for digital initiatives, and the scale and diversity of issues involved. The world is changing rapidly and libraries need help from various sources to effectively navigate this new environment and remain relevant institutions.
In this presentation, I aim to provide metadata definitions, purposes and applications for resource discovery and usage. I’ll also argue the importance of continuously updating, correcting, cleaning, linking, sharing and reusing metadata through an iterative, continuous and community-driven effort. I’ll outline four metadata principles, namely metadata enriching, linking, openness and filtering. I also argue that metadata creation and enhancement is a continuous process involving authors, publishers, suppliers, librarians and users – indicating a shift from metadata simplicity to enrichment.
The document provides an overview of research data management and the importance of avoiding a "DATApocalypse" or data disaster. It discusses the definition of research data, why data management is important, questions to consider, best practices for data management planning, documentation, and long-term preservation. The goal is to help researchers and institutions properly manage data to enable sharing and preservation, as required by most major funders.
Final version of the general presentation that the RDA Secretary General presented about a dozen times at various conferences and workshops around Europe in the last two months.
Keynote for Theory and Practice of Digital Libraries 2017
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From the principle of sufficiency and necessity to metadata enriching
1. From the principle of sufficiency and
necessity to metadata enriching
Getaneh Alemu
Cataloguing & Metadata Librarian
Solent University
8th December 2021
2. CATALOGUING PRINCIPLES
• The principle of sufficiency and necessity
• The principle of user convenience
• The principle of representation
• The principle of standardisation (Svenonius, 2000; IFLA, 2009)
IFLA (2009). Statement of international cataloguing principles. Retrieved from https://www.ifla.org/files/assets/cataloguing/icp/icp_2009-en.pdf
Svenonius, E. (2000). The intellectual foundation of information organization. Cambridge, Mass. : MIT Press.
3. T H E P R I N C I P L E O F S U F F I C I E N C Y A N D N E C E S S I T Y
• Pioneers of library cataloguing such as Cutter, Panizzi and Lubetzky are said to have advocated for
a metadata approach that caters for simplicity (Svenonius, 2000)
• IFLA used this principle to underpin the design of its Functional Requirements for Bibliographic
Records (FRBR) model
• IFLA’s principle of economy
(IFLA, 2009; Hoffman, 2009; OCLC, 2009; Spiteri, 2012; Svenonius, 2000)
IFLA (2009). Statement of international cataloguing principles. Retrieved from https://www.ifla.org/files/assets/cataloguing/icp/icp_2009-en.pdf
Svenonius, E. (2000). The intellectual foundation of information organization. Cambridge, Mass. : MIT Press.
4. I F L A S ’ S S TAT E M E N T O F I N T E R N AT I O N A L C ATA L O G U I N G P R I N C I P L E S
( I F L A , 2 0 0 9 )
5. T H E P R I N C I P L E O F S U F F I C I E N C Y A N D N E C E S S I T Y
• “Only those data elements in descriptions and controlled forms of names for
access that are required to fulfil user tasks and are essential to uniquely
identify an entity should be included” (IFLA, 2009, p.2)
• “Slash elements deemed bibliographically insignificant” (Svenonius, 2000, p.76)
• No extraneous data
• Metadata that was considered superfluous was eliminated, resulting in
metadata simplicity
6. OCCAM’S RAZOR
• "Entities are not to be multiplied without necessity" (William of Ockham, c1287-1347)
• "Plurality is not to be posited without necessity“ (John Duns, c1265-1308)
• "If a thing can be done adequately by means of one, it is superfluous to do it by
means of several” (Thomas Aquinas, 1225 -1274)
https://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physics/General/occam.html
http://abyss.uoregon.edu/~js/glossary/occams_razor.html
7. OCCAM’S RAZOR
• User, author and machine generated metadata disregarded
• Reliance on one or two international subject headings and authorities
• Objective was to simplify the catalogue, save space and time
• AACR2
• Coats of arms, facsimiles, forms, genealogical tables, maps, music, plans,
and portraits – to be indicated by “ill. (Svenonius, 2000)
• Minimal data element sets
11. LIMITATION OF STANDARDS
Growing library collections
Ever changing technologies
Changing user expectations
Resources (books) often lend themselves to various interpretations and contexts
“The social space of documents is missing” (Paul Otlet in 1931, cited Wright,
2007)
12. • Human beings, by nature, do not always agree on a single about-ness, interpretation and
classification of things (Shirky, 2008; Weinberger, 2007).
• Metadata is affected by socio-cultural, linguistic, and political factors (Bowker & Star,
1999)
• Metadata is an approximation to the things it represents (Gartner, 2016)
• “Today’s category easily becomes tomorrow’s embarrassment” (Weinberger, 2007)
• Each standard and each category valorises some point of view and silences another”
(Bowker and Star, 1999)
METADATA DIVERSITY
13. "The solution to the information overload problem is to create more metadata“ (Weinberger,
2007)
“If a library is a growing organism, it follows that the library catalogue will also be a growing
one. The rate of growth of the catalogue may be said to be six times the rate of growth of the
number of books, as a book requires six entries on average” (Ranganathan, 1957, p.444)
• Metadata diversity better conforms to users’ needs
• Metadata enriching addresses this problem by allowing multiple metadata agents – including
authors, publishers, librarians, machines and users
METADATA DIVERSITY
14. CONTENT VS INTERFACE
Delineation between content (enriching) and discovery (filtering)
Simplicity is a usability concern
Peter Morville's (2004) User Experience Honeycomb (Source:
http://semanticstudios.com/user_experience_design/)
Nielsen (2012) uses the following usability
criteria:
• Satisfaction – Does it solve problems?
• Learnability – is it easy to learn and use?
• Efficiency – does it save time?
• Degree of errors – is it free from errors?
• Memorability – is it easy to remember?
17. M E TA D ATA F I LT E R I N G
Maeda, J. (2006). Laws of Simplicity. MIT Press.
“More appears like less by simply moving it far, far away. Thus an experience is made simpler by
keeping the result local, and moving the actual work to a faraway location” (Maeda, 2006).
18. USER SEARCH BEHAVIOURS ACTIONS
Users search and browsing behaviours
• Non-linear
• Iterative
• Dynamic
• Evolving (Bates, 1989)
Users employ various techniques
• Searching
• Browsing
• Footnote chasing
• Citation searching
• Journal run
• Area scanning (Bates, 1989)
A berrypicking, evolving search model (Bates, 1989)
19. Kuhlthau (1991) model (user-centred):
• Initiation (recognise information need)
• Selection (identify general topic)
• Exploration, formulation
• Collection (gather information on the subject)
• Presentation (complete information search)
USER SEARCH BEHAVIOURS ACTIONS
Users entertaining multiple thoughts
and actions :
• Dilemma
• Confidence
• Confusion
• Uncertainty
• Satisfaction
• Dissatisfaction (Kuhlthau, 1991)
22. METADATA ENRICHING
• Enriching as a new metadata principle in contrast the principle of metadata sufficiency and
necessity
• Metadata enriching is about continuously enhancing the effectiveness of your discovery
services or any information management function through a methodical creation, ingesting,
updating, correcting, cleaning, linking, sharing, and re-using your metadata
• It is a conceptual framework to support an iterative, continuous, and community-driven effort
of ensuring your metadata is consistent, accurate, rich, and valuable.
33. 3 3
Ontology
Equivale
nt
relation
ship
Different
values
Associative
relationship
Broad
er
relatio
nship
Narrow
er
relatio
nship
Inverse
relation
ship
Transitive
relationship
Symmetric
relationship Domain
Rang
e Constraints
Alter
nativ
e
nam
e Annotation
OWL
sameAs
owl:equi
valentCl
ass
owl:differen
tFrom
owl:inve
rseOf
owl:Transitiv
eProperty
owl:Symmet
ricProperty
minCardinality
maxCardinality
unionOf
intersectionOf
complementOf
one of
owl:versionIn
fo
SKOS
sameAs
exactMa
tch
related
relatedMatch
closeMatch
broadMatch
narrowMatch
topCo
ncept
Of
hasTop
Concep
t
altLa
bel
scopeNote
historyNote
note
vhangeNote
definition
editorialNote
example
RDFS rdfs:seeAlso
rdf:cla
ss
rdf:sub
ClassOf
rdf:sub
Propert
yOf
rdfs:do
main
rdfs:r
ange
rdf:A
lt
rdfs:comment
rdfs:label
rdfs:isDefined
By
Schema.o
rg sameAs
inverseO
f
domain
Include
s
range
Inclu
des
alter
nate
Nam
e description
ENRICHING USING ONTOLOGIES
38. LIBRARY SYSTEMS – AS PLATFORMS
• Library software as a platform
• Integration and Interoperability
• Cloud-based applications (Library Apps, APIs)
• Community idea, metadata exchange and
development
39. ENRICHING
• Enhancing existing metadata quality
• Transforming semi-structured data into structured data
• Extending access points (Zeng, 2019)
40. ENRICH THEN FILTER
In the final analysis, metadata that is enriched, linked, open
and filtered drives usage of resources; and this needs to be our
value proposition as cataloguers and metadata experts.
41. B I B L I O G R A P H Y
Alemu, G., & Stevens, B. (2015). An emergent theory of digital library metadata: Enrich then filter. Waltham, Massachusetts: Chandos
Publishing.
Bates, M. J. (1989). The Design of Browsing and Berrypicking Techniques for the Online Search Interface. Online Review, 13, 5, 407-24.
Retrieved from https://pages.gseis.ucla.edu/faculty/bates/berrypicking.html
British Library. (2018). British Library data model. Retrieved from http://www.bl.uk/bibliographic/pdfs/bldatamodelbook.pdf
Calhoun, K. (2014). Exploring digital libraries: Foundations, practice, prospects. London: Facet Publishing.
Carpenter, T. (2017). Enriching book metadata is marketing in the digital age. Scholarly Kitchen. Retrieved from
https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/2017/12/07/enriching-metadata-is-marketing/
Clarke, M and Harley, P. (2014). How Smart Is Your Content? Using Semantic Enrichment to Improve Your User Experience and Your Bottom
Line. Science Editor. Vol. 37. Jan. 2014, pp. 40–44.
Cousins, S. (2019). NBK data model. Retrieved from https://libraryservices.jiscinvolve.org/wp/2019/04/nbk-data-model/
Daquino, M., Mambelli, Peroni, Tomasi, & Vitali. (2017). Enhancing Semantic Expressivity in the Cultural Heritage Domain: Exposing the Zeri
Photo Archive as Linked Open Data. Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage (JOCCH), 10(4), 1-21.
DATASIFT. (2019). Our data enrichments. Retrieved from https://datasift.com/platform/data-enrichments/
de Boer, V., Melgar, L., Inel, O., Ortiz, C. M., Aroyo, L., & Oomen, J. (2017). Enriching media collections for event-based exploration. In E.
Garoufallou, S. Virkus, R. Siatri & D. Koutsomiha (Eds.), Metadata and semantic research: 11th international conference, MTSR 2017, Tallinn,
Estonia, November 28 – December 1, 2017, Proceedings (pp. 189-201). Cham: Springer International Publishing. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-70863-
8_18 Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70863-8_18
De Rosa, C. (2006). College students' perceptions of libraries and information resources: A report to the OCLC membership. Dublin, Ohio: OCLC
Online Computer Library Center. Retrieved from https://www.oclc.org/content/dam/oclc/reports/pdfs/Percept_all.pdf
Dunsire, G., Harper, C., Hillmann, D., & Phipps, J. (2012, Linked data vocabulary management: Infrastructure support, data integration, and
interoperability. Information Standards Quarterly, 24, 4-13. Retrieved from
https://search.proquest.com/docview/1709495584?accountid=13969
Europeana.eu (2016). Definition of the Europeana Data Model v5.2.7. Retrieved from
https://pro.europeana.eu/files/Europeana_Professional/Share_your_data/Technical_requirements/EDM_Documentation/EDM_Definition_v5.2
.7_042016.pdf
42. B I B L I O G R A P H Y
IFLA (2009). Statement of international cataloguing principles. Retrieved from https://www.ifla.org/files/assets/cataloguing/icp/icp_2009-en.pdf
Haynes, D. (2018). Metadata for information management and retrieval : Understanding metadata and its use. London: Facet Publishing
IXXUS. (2019). Semantic Enrichment. Retrieved from https://www.ixxus.com/solutions/semantic-enrichment/
Kroeger, A. (2013). The road to BIBFRAME: The evolution of the idea of bibliographic transition into a post-MARC future. Cataloging & Classification Quarterly, 51(8),
873-890. doi:10.1080/01639374.2013.823584
Lagoze, C. (2010). Lost identity: The assimilation of digital libraries into the web Available from Lost Identity: the Assimilation of Digital Libraries into the Web.
Retrieved from http://www.cs.cornell.edu/lagoze/dissertation/CarlLagoze.pdf
Library of Congress. (2019). ID.LOC.GOV – Linked Data Service. Retrieved from http://id.loc.gov/
Meadows, A. (2019). Better metadata could help save the world! Scholarly Kitchen. Retrieved from https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/2019/06/11/better-metadata-
could-help-save-the-world/
Metadata2020.org Retrieved from http://www.metadata2020.org/
Mitchell, E. T., PhD. (2015). The current state of linked data in libraries, archives, and museums. Library Technology Reports, 52(1), 16,2.
Nielsen, J. (2001). Usability 101: Introduction to Usability. Retrieved from: https://www.nngroup.com/articles/usability-101-introduction-to-usability/
O'Beirne, R. (2017). Academic libraries, open access and digital scholarship–a Delphi study (Doctoral dissertation, University of Sheffield).
Park, J., Richards, L. and Brenza, A. (2018), "Benefits and challenges of BIBFRAME", Library Hi Tech, Vol. https://doi.org/10.1108/LHT-08-2017-0176
Pennington, D. R., & In Spiteri, L. F. (2019). Social tagging in a linked data environment. London: Facet Publishing.
Perrin, J. M., Clark, M., De-Leon, E., and Edgar, L. (2014). Usability Testing for Greater Impact: A Primo Case Study. Information Technology and
Libraries, 33(4), pp. 57–66. Retrieved from: http://ejournals.bc.edu/ojs/index.php/ital/article/view/5174
Perruso, C. (2015). Undergraduates' Use of Google vs. Library Resources: A Four-Year Cohort Study. Retrieved: http://crl.acrl.org/content/early/2015/11/05/crl15-
826.full.pdf
Shirky, C. (2008). Here comes everybody: The power of organizing without organizations. London: Allen Lane.
Svenonius, E. (2000). The intellectual foundation of information organization. Cambridge, Mass. : MIT Press.
Ullah, I., Khusro, S., Ullah, A., & Naeem, M. (2018). An Overview of the Current State of Linked and Open Data in Cataloging. Information Technology and
Libraries, 37(4), 47-80. https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v37i4.10432
van Hooland, S., & Verborgh, R. (2014). Linked data for libraries, archives and museums: How to clean, link and publish your metadata. London: Facet Publishing.
Weinberger, D. (2005). Tagging and Why It Matters. Retrieved from http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/sites/cyber.law.harvard.edu/files/07-WhyTaggingMatters.pdf
Weinberger, D. (2007). Everything Is Miscellaneous. New York: Times books.
Weinberger, D. (2012). Too Big to Know: Rethinking Knowledge Now That the Facts Aren't the Facts, Experts Are Everywhere, and the Smartest Person in the Room Is the Room. New
York: Basic Books
Xu, A., Hess, K., & Akerman, L. (2018). From MARC to BIBFRAME 2.0: Crosswalks. Cataloging & Classification Quarterly, 56(2-3), 224-250.
doi:10.1080/01639374.2017.1388326
Zeng, M. L., & Qin, J. (2016). Metadata (2nd ed.). London: Facet Publishing.
Zeng, M.L. (2019) ‘Semantic enrichment for enhancing LAM data and supporting digital humanities’, El profesional de la información, Vol. 28, No. 1.