The document summarizes the formation of the United States government under the Articles of Confederation from 1777-1789. It discusses that the Articles created a loose confederation with a weak central government that had limited powers and no executive or judicial branches. Congress had authority but needed 9/13 approval for laws and unanimity for amendments. The nation struggled with foreign trade restrictions, inflation, and conflicts between states. Internal issues like Shays' Rebellion showed the need for reforms, leading to the drafting of the US Constitution.

2. Forming A New Government
Chp.5/Sec.1 & 2

3. Forming A New Government
Chp.5/Sec.1 & 2
The United Confederation

4. The United Confederation

5. The United Confederation
Confederation: An association of sovereign states

6. The United Confederation
Confederation: An association of sovereign states
Sovereign states: A state is a political association with effective
dominion over a geographic territory

7. I. Articles of Confederation
November 15th, 1777
Source: Holt Chp.5/Sec.2

8. I. Articles of Confederation
November 15th, 1777
• Congress is the national gov’t but w/ limited
powers
Source: Holt Chp.5/Sec.2

9. I. Articles of Confederation
November 15th, 1777
• Congress is the national gov’t but w/ limited
powers
a. No executive branch (president)
Source: Holt Chp.5/Sec.2

10. I. Articles of Confederation
November 15th, 1777
• Congress is the national gov’t but w/ limited
powers
a. No executive branch (president)
b. No national judicial system (supreme
court)
Source: Holt Chp.5/Sec.2

11. I. Articles of Confederation
November 15th, 1777
• Congress is the national gov’t but w/ limited
powers
a. No executive branch (president)
b. No national judicial system (supreme
court)
• Each state given one vote in Congress
Source: Holt Chp.5/Sec.2

12. II. Powers of Congress
Source: Holt Chp.5/Sec.2

13. II. Powers of Congress
1. Pass laws and amend the A.o.C.
Source: Holt Chp.5/Sec.2

14. II. Powers of Congress
1. Pass laws and amend the A.o.C.
- 9/13 states need to approve created laws
Source: Holt Chp.5/Sec.2

15. II. Powers of Congress
1. Pass laws and amend the A.o.C.
- 9/13 states need to approve created laws
- All states must agree to amendments
Source: Holt Chp.5/Sec.2

16. II. Powers of Congress
1. Pass laws and amend the A.o.C.
- 9/13 states need to approve created laws
- All states must agree to amendments
2. Print money, grant loans, & borrow money from other
countries
Source: Holt Chp.5/Sec.2

17. II. Powers of Congress
1. Pass laws and amend the A.o.C.
- 9/13 states need to approve created laws
- All states must agree to amendments
2. Print money, grant loans, & borrow money from other
countries
3. Negotiate treaties and declare war
Source: Holt Chp.5/Sec.2

18. II. Powers of Congress
1. Pass laws and amend the A.o.C.
- 9/13 states need to approve created laws
- All states must agree to amendments
2. Print money, grant loans, & borrow money from other
countries
3. Negotiate treaties and declare war
4. No power to tax (Only states can levy taxes)
Source: Holt Chp.5/Sec.2

19. II. Powers of Congress
1. Pass laws and amend the A.o.C.
- 9/13 states need to approve created laws
- All states must agree to amendments
2. Print money, grant loans, & borrow money from other
countries
3. Negotiate treaties and declare war
4. No power to tax (Only states can levy taxes)
5. Maintain armed forces and request states for soldiers
(States have permission to refuse request)
Source: Holt Chp.5/Sec.2

20. II. Powers of Congress
Source: Holt Chp.5/Sec.2

21. II. Powers of Congress
1. Pass laws and amend the A.o.C.
Source: Holt Chp.5/Sec.2

22. II. Powers of Congress
1. Pass laws and amend the A.o.C.
- 9/13 states need to approve created laws
Source: Holt Chp.5/Sec.2

23. II. Powers of Congress
1. Pass laws and amend the A.o.C.
- 9/13 states need to approve created laws
- All states must agree to amendments
Source: Holt Chp.5/Sec.2

24. II. Powers of Congress
1. Pass laws and amend the A.o.C.
- 9/13 states need to approve created laws
- All states must agree to amendments
2. Print money, grant loans, & borrow money from other
countries
Source: Holt Chp.5/Sec.2

25. II. Powers of Congress
1. Pass laws and amend the A.o.C.
- 9/13 states need to approve created laws
- All states must agree to amendments
2. Print money, grant loans, & borrow money from other
countries
3. Negotiate treaties and declare war
Source: Holt Chp.5/Sec.2

26. II. Powers of Congress
1. Pass laws and amend the A.o.C.
- 9/13 states need to approve created laws
- All states must agree to amendments
2. Print money, grant loans, & borrow money from other
countries
3. Negotiate treaties and declare war
4. No power to tax (Only states can levy taxes)
Source: Holt Chp.5/Sec.2

27. II. Powers of Congress
1. Pass laws and amend the A.o.C.
- 9/13 states need to approve created laws
- All states must agree to amendments
2. Print money, grant loans, & borrow money from other
countries
3. Negotiate treaties and declare war
4. No power to tax (Only states can levy taxes)
5. Maintain armed forces and request states for soldiers
(States have permission to refuse request)
Source: Holt Chp.5/Sec.2

28. Challenge #1
Security

29. Challenge #2
Foreign Trade
• “The Revolution has robbed us of our trade
with the West Indies...without opening any
other channels to compensate [make up for]
it. In every point of view, the trade of this
country is in deplorable [terrible] condition.”
-- James Madison

30. Challenge #2

31. Challenge #3
Interstate Commerce

32. Section
Review

33. Section
Review

34. Section
Review
What problems did the United States experience with regards to
Spain and Great Britain?

35. Section
Review
What problems did the United States experience with regards to
Spain and Great Britain?
What problems did the United States experience internally with
regards to interstate commerce (trade) and inflation?

36. Section
Review
What problems did the United States experience with regards to
Spain and Great Britain?
What problems did the United States experience internally with
regards to interstate commerce (trade) and inflation?
What caused the inflation in the new nation? How could it have
been prevented?

37. Section
Review
What problems did the United States experience with regards to
Spain and Great Britain?
What problems did the United States experience internally with
regards to interstate commerce (trade) and inflation?
What caused the inflation in the new nation? How could it have
been prevented?
Explain How did Massachusetts’s tax policy affect farmers?

38. Section
Review
What problems did the United States experience with regards to
Spain and Great Britain?
What problems did the United States experience internally with
regards to interstate commerce (trade) and inflation?
What caused the inflation in the new nation? How could it have
been prevented?
Explain How did Massachusetts’s tax policy affect farmers?
How did Shays’s Rebellion demonstrate the need for change in the
national government? Did Daniel Shays and the other rebels have
a right to rebel?

39. Section
Review
What problems did the United States experience with regards to
Spain and Great Britain?
What problems did the United States experience internally with
regards to interstate commerce (trade) and inflation?
What caused the inflation in the new nation? How could it have
been prevented?
Explain How did Massachusetts’s tax policy affect farmers?
How did Shays’s Rebellion demonstrate the need for change in the
national government? Did Daniel Shays and the other rebels have
a right to rebel?

40. III. Weakness of the
A.o.C.
• State gov’ts retained most of the power
• Central gov’t commanded little respect

42. Northwest Territory

43. Northwest Territory
• How were the Northwest Territories divided
up?

44. Northwest Territory
• How were the Northwest Territories divided
up?
• What criteria did a territory have to meet in
order for it to be recognized as a state?

45. Northwest Territory
• How were the Northwest Territories divided
up?
• What criteria did a territory have to meet in
order for it to be recognized as a state?
• Was slavery allowed? Was education
mandatory?

46. Northwest Territory
• How were the Northwest Territories divided
up?
• What criteria did a territory have to meet in
order for it to be recognized as a state?
• Was slavery allowed? Was education
mandatory?
• Do people in the territories have the same
rights as citizens living in the states?

47. Northwest Territory
Source:http://my.hrw.com/ss2/ss06_07_08/student/images/ush/musfg_cbfng/ah06se_c04map004aa..jpg