For more ppts, chapter notes, questions, videos visit http://www.cbse9.com today. Presentation prepared by Aditya Chakkingal, Adithyan PV and Suryakanth

2. BIO DIVERSITY
 Biodiversity is the variety of different types of life found on
earth. It is a measure of the variety of organisms present in
different ecosystems. This can refer to:
1) Genetic variation within an area.
2) Ecosystem variation within an area
3) Species variation within an area.

3. FLORA AND FAUNA
 Flora is the plant life occurring in a particular region or
time, generally the naturally occurring or indigenous-
native plant life.
 Fauna is all of the animal life that constitutes to bio-
diversity of any particular region or time.
 Flora and Fauna along with other forms of life likes fungi
are called the biota of a particular region.

4. FLORA AND FAUNA IN
INDIA
 India has some of the world's most biodiverse regions. It is
a mega diverse nation, housing around 8% of world's
species.
 India hosts 3 biodiversity hotspots: the western Ghats, the
Himalayas and the Indo-Burma region. These hotspots
have numerous endemic species.

5. FLORA IN INDIA
 The flora of India is one of the richest of the world due to a
wide range of climate, topology and environments in the
country.
 There are over 15000 species of flowering plants in India,
which account for 6 percent of the total plant species in the
world.
 India covers more than 45,000 species of flora, out of which
there are several species that are not found anywhere else.

6. FLORA IN INDIA

7. FAUNA IN INDIA
 India is one of the eighteen mega diverse countries.
 it is home to 7.6% of all mammalian, 12.6% of all avian,
6.2% of all reptilian, 4.4% of all amphibian , and 11.7% of
all fish species.
 India is home to several well-known large mammals,
including the Asian elephant, Bengal tiger, Asiatic lion,
leopard ,Indian rhinoceros etc.

8. FAUNA IN INDIA

9. DEFORESTATION

10. CLASSIFICATION
ACCORDING TO RED
DATA BOOK
 International Union for Conservation of Nature and
Natural Resources ( IUCN ) has classified existing plant
and animal species into following categories. They are :
1. Normal species
2. Endangered species
3. vulnerable species
4. Rare species
5. Endemic species
6. Extinct species

11. NORMAL SPECIES

12. ENDANGERED SPECIES
 These are species which are in danger of extinction.
 In 2012, the IUCN Red List featured 3079 animal and 2655
plant species as Endangered (EN) worldwide.
 Eg: Lion tailed macaque, black buck, Tiger, Indian rhino.

13. ENDANGERED SPECIES

14. VULNERABLE SPECIES
 A vulnerable species is one which has been categorized by
the International Union for Conservation of Nature as
likely to become endangered
 Vulnerability is mainly caused by habitat loss or excessive
poaching.
 Eg: blue sheep, Asiatic elephant, Gangetic dolphin,
Penguins etc.

15. VULNERABLE SPECIES

16. RARE SPECIES
 Rare species is a group of organisms that are very
uncommon or scarce, . This designation may be applied to
either a plant , animal, bird, or insect.
 These species with their small population may move into
endangered or vulnerable species if they are not protected.
 Eg: Himalayan brown bear, wild Asiatic buffalo, desert fox
, hornbill etc.

17. ENDEMIC SPECIES
 An endemic species is one whose habitat is restricted to a
particular area. The term could refer to an animal, a plant,
a fungus, or even a microorganism.
 The area where endemic species are found is relatively
isolated from the rest of the world by a natural or
geographical barrier.
 Eg: Andaman teal, Andaman wild pig, Kangaroo, Nicobar
pigeon etc.

18. EXTINCT SPECIES
 A species is extinct when the last existing member dies.
Extinction therefore becomes a certainty when there are no
surviving individuals that can reproduce and create a new
generation.
 A species may be extinct from the entire region, country,
continent or entire world.
 Eg: Asiatic Cheetah, Dodo, Dinosaurs, Mammoth, Pink
Head Duck etc.

19. EXTINCT SPECIES

20. ADITHYAN P.V
SURYAKANTH