This document summarizes Colombian biodiversity, including flora and fauna. It notes that Colombia has the highest biodiversity per unit area in the world. It contains over 1,800 bird species, over 3,000 butterfly species, and is home to over 130,000 plant species, including the national tree - the wax palm. Key fauna includes Andean condors, anacondas, capybaras, and southern right whales visible off the Pacific coast. While Colombia's biodiversity is rich, 20% of mammal species are endangered due to human activity such as consumption of natural resources. Protecting Colombia's biodiversity is important to preserve these unique ecosystems.