Described about general characters of fungi which include sexual and asexual reproduction with diagram, so it will be easy for undergraduates to understand the various concepts
Described about general characters of fungi which include sexual and asexual reproduction with diagram, so it will be easy for undergraduates to understand the various concepts
PURE CULTURE TECHNIQUE ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION PROCESS .pptxVishekKumar8
Pure culture technique
INTRODUCTION
PURE CULTIURE TECHNIQE
ISOLATION PROCESS
STREAK PLATE METHOD
POUR PLATE METHOD
SPREAD PLATE METHOD
IDENTIFICATION PROCESS
BIOCHEMICAL TEST
MOLECULAR METHOD
SEROGICAL TECHNIQUE
Plant viruses are transmitted from plant to plant in a number of ways.
Transmission of viruses by vegetative propagation.
Mechanical transmission of viruses through sap.
Transmission of viruses by seed.
Transmission of viruses by Pollen.
Transmission of viruses by dodder.
Transmission by vectors.
the presentation is about microbial endophytes, discovery of endophytes, their types, isolation methods of different types and identification and the useful impacts of them to the plant ecology.
Introduction,In some fungi ,true sexual cycle comprising of nuclear fusion and meiosis is absent.
These fungi derive the benefits of sexuality through a cycle know as parasexuaL cycle.
First Reported by- Gudio Pontecorvo and J.A.Roper(1952)
Parasexual cycle was reported in
Aspergillus nidulans,the imperfect stage of Emericella nidulans.
Since then parasexual cycle has been discovered not only in several members of Deutromycetes but also in fungi belonging to Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes.
DEFINETION - Parasexuality is defined as a cycle in which Plasmogamy, Karyogamy and Meiosis [Haploidization] take place in sequence but not at a specified time or at specified points in the life cycle of an organism.
Generally parasexual cycle occurs in those fungi in which true sexual cycle does not take place.
Parasexualcycle also know as Somatic recombination. PASEXUALITY ALSO REPORTED IN SOME ORGANISMS- Aspergillus nigar, Penicillium crysogenum, STEPS OF PARASEXUAL CYCLE - 1) ESTABLISHMENT OF HETEROKARYOSIS, 2) Formation of Heterozygous DIPLOIDS, 3) occasional mitotic crossing-over during multiplication of diploid nuclei, 4)occasional haplodization through aneuploidy , COMPARISION BETWEEN SEXUAL AND PARASEXUAL CYCLE, IMPORTANCE OF PARASEXUALITY, C0NCLUSION
Agaricus is a genus of mushrooms containing both edible and poisonous species, with possibly over 300 members worldwide. The genus includes the common ("button") mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) and the field mushroom (A. campestris), the dominant cultivated mushrooms of the West.
Rivularia ppt - cyanobacteria cyanophyceae blue green algaeKeertiGupta19
Rivularia is a blue green algae or cyanobacteria of family cyanophyceae . Rivularia ppt or presentation - All about Rivularia in detail - classification, occurence, reproduction etc.
Aspergillus is commonly found in soil, with a saprophytic mode of nutrition, obtaining its nutrients from dead and decaying matter.The saprophytic nature of Aspergillus spp means they fully depend on environmental materials, which allows them to produce enzymes such as amylase that breaks down compounds into simple products that can be absorbed by the vegetative hyphae. food materials for utilization during reproduction and growth.
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Algal cell structuregkumarimahesh
Every science student must be aware of the Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic algal cell structure when they start their studies. This slide will be very helpful for knowing about the pro and Eu characteristics.
PURE CULTURE TECHNIQUE ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION PROCESS .pptxVishekKumar8
Pure culture technique
INTRODUCTION
PURE CULTIURE TECHNIQE
ISOLATION PROCESS
STREAK PLATE METHOD
POUR PLATE METHOD
SPREAD PLATE METHOD
IDENTIFICATION PROCESS
BIOCHEMICAL TEST
MOLECULAR METHOD
SEROGICAL TECHNIQUE
Plant viruses are transmitted from plant to plant in a number of ways.
Transmission of viruses by vegetative propagation.
Mechanical transmission of viruses through sap.
Transmission of viruses by seed.
Transmission of viruses by Pollen.
Transmission of viruses by dodder.
Transmission by vectors.
the presentation is about microbial endophytes, discovery of endophytes, their types, isolation methods of different types and identification and the useful impacts of them to the plant ecology.
Introduction,In some fungi ,true sexual cycle comprising of nuclear fusion and meiosis is absent.
These fungi derive the benefits of sexuality through a cycle know as parasexuaL cycle.
First Reported by- Gudio Pontecorvo and J.A.Roper(1952)
Parasexual cycle was reported in
Aspergillus nidulans,the imperfect stage of Emericella nidulans.
Since then parasexual cycle has been discovered not only in several members of Deutromycetes but also in fungi belonging to Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes.
DEFINETION - Parasexuality is defined as a cycle in which Plasmogamy, Karyogamy and Meiosis [Haploidization] take place in sequence but not at a specified time or at specified points in the life cycle of an organism.
Generally parasexual cycle occurs in those fungi in which true sexual cycle does not take place.
Parasexualcycle also know as Somatic recombination. PASEXUALITY ALSO REPORTED IN SOME ORGANISMS- Aspergillus nigar, Penicillium crysogenum, STEPS OF PARASEXUAL CYCLE - 1) ESTABLISHMENT OF HETEROKARYOSIS, 2) Formation of Heterozygous DIPLOIDS, 3) occasional mitotic crossing-over during multiplication of diploid nuclei, 4)occasional haplodization through aneuploidy , COMPARISION BETWEEN SEXUAL AND PARASEXUAL CYCLE, IMPORTANCE OF PARASEXUALITY, C0NCLUSION
Agaricus is a genus of mushrooms containing both edible and poisonous species, with possibly over 300 members worldwide. The genus includes the common ("button") mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) and the field mushroom (A. campestris), the dominant cultivated mushrooms of the West.
Rivularia ppt - cyanobacteria cyanophyceae blue green algaeKeertiGupta19
Rivularia is a blue green algae or cyanobacteria of family cyanophyceae . Rivularia ppt or presentation - All about Rivularia in detail - classification, occurence, reproduction etc.
Aspergillus is commonly found in soil, with a saprophytic mode of nutrition, obtaining its nutrients from dead and decaying matter.The saprophytic nature of Aspergillus spp means they fully depend on environmental materials, which allows them to produce enzymes such as amylase that breaks down compounds into simple products that can be absorbed by the vegetative hyphae. food materials for utilization during reproduction and growth.
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Algal cell structuregkumarimahesh
Every science student must be aware of the Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic algal cell structure when they start their studies. This slide will be very helpful for knowing about the pro and Eu characteristics.
This is a Unified presentation for all the topics in the second quarter for Science 7. If you want to avail the powerpoint please contact me on my facebook account: Jady Claire Jackson Lullegao
1 Biol 1009 Lab Manual NOTE You must complete at .docxeugeniadean34240
1
Biol 1009 Lab Manual
NOTE: You must complete at least 7 out of 8 labs to pass this course.
The labs are not optional.
Contents
Lab Exercise
Page
1 Use of the Microscope
3
2 Enzyme Activity and Digestion of Carbohydrates and Proteins 13
3 Fermentation, Photosynthesis, and Respiration 19
4 The Structure of a Flower
28
5 Growth and Trophic Responses 31
6 Pedigree Tasting
39
7 Morphogenesis in Insects 44
8 The Ecological Community Structure 51
2
3
Lab Exercise 1: Use of the Microscope
As part of the assignment for this lesson, complete the following lab exercise.
Read through all of the lab exercise before you begin so that you’ll know what
you’re expected to do, what equipment to gather, and the questions you’ll need to
answer.
Write down your answers to the questions as you do the work. These are the
questions you will answer in your lab report. Go to the Assignments tool on the
course Web site to download the worksheet on which to enter your answers.
Timing note: A few hours, but you will need to arrange an appointment in advance.
NOTE: Most students use the microscope that is set up on the U of M campus (see
below). To avoid scheduling problems using this microscope, you do not have to
complete this lab until the end of week 3. However, sometimes a lot of students wait
until the end of week 3 to do this lab, so it’s best to schedule your microscope
appointment early (see below).
Arranging to Use a Microscope
If you live near the University of Minnesota, you may come to the St. Paul campus
and use a microscope in the College of Biological Sciences instructional
laboratories. To be sure a microscope is available for your use, please make an
appointment by contacting Sandy Mand at [email protected] or call 6126262821.
The preferred day and time for appointments is Friday, 9 a.m.–5 p.m., but other
days and times can usually be arranged. Also be sure to call this number if you
need to cancel your appointment.
If you do not live near campus, contact a local grade school, high school, college, or
laboratory to see if you may use one of their microscopes. Try to find some time that is
convenient to both you and the lending institution. Many institutions will be gracious
about letting you use their equipment on their premises.
It will take you approximately three hours to complete this lab exercise.
4
mailto:[email protected]
Objectives
In this exercise you will learn about the use and care of the compound light
microscope. You will use it to examine plant and animal materials, prepare your own
temporary slides, and make approximate measurements of viewed materials.
Supplies
If possible, borrow the following equipment:
● compound light microscope with scanning, low, and highpower objectives
● slide with three different colors of thread*
● slide of plant tissue*
● slide of anima.
This document contains the required practical activities for the GCSE Biology qualification. By undertaking the required practical activities, students will have the opportunity to experience all of the required apparatus and techniques needed for the qualifications. However, these activities are
only suggestions and teachers are encouraged to develop activities, resources and contexts that
provide the appropriate level of engagement and challenge for their own students.
These sample activities have been written by practising teachers and use apparatus and materials
that are commonly found in most schools.
When planning your lessons, remember that the required practical activities listed as ‘biology only’
(practicals 2, 8 and 10) are only required by GCSE Biology and not for either of the combined
science specifications
LIGHT MICROSCOPY by SIVASANGARI SHANMUGAM
The optical microscope, The functions of a light microscope is based on its ability to focus a beam of light through, which is very small and transparent, to produce an image.
All through my school and college life, i had 1 problem... i could not cheat... i was scared to look into the paper of the person sitting next to me... hence, i always wished there was a fool proof way of cheating... i thought it would be nice to flip through pages and find information right there in the brain... thaz when i thought of a product called cheat lenses... now, i am pursuing my MBA and was given an assignment to come up with an innovative product... and suddenly, i remembered about my wishlist of things i wish existed... and right there at the top was cheat lenses.. so i did a lot of googling (if that is a word) and tried to find out if the product exist... When i was sure, that it does not exist... i went ahead with the project: Cheat Lenses... to fill up the slides... i searched info on contacts... so, most info present till slide 7 is from wiki... and then my brain starts!!!
i enjoyed making the presentation... i hope you will enjoy reading the same! Also, i renamed my product from cheat lenses to empowered lenses because according to our sales management teacher and our marketing management teacher, we should not use negative words while trying to sell a product... so read on to find out how my imaginary cheat lenses can empower you!!! I sincerely believe that this product should be brought into existence... Hello Mr. Scientist... do you hear my plea???
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
DERIVATION OF MODIFIED BERNOULLI EQUATION WITH VISCOUS EFFECTS AND TERMINAL V...Wasswaderrick3
In this book, we use conservation of energy techniques on a fluid element to derive the Modified Bernoulli equation of flow with viscous or friction effects. We derive the general equation of flow/ velocity and then from this we derive the Pouiselle flow equation, the transition flow equation and the turbulent flow equation. In the situations where there are no viscous effects , the equation reduces to the Bernoulli equation. From experimental results, we are able to include other terms in the Bernoulli equation. We also look at cases where pressure gradients exist. We use the Modified Bernoulli equation to derive equations of flow rate for pipes of different cross sectional areas connected together. We also extend our techniques of energy conservation to a sphere falling in a viscous medium under the effect of gravity. We demonstrate Stokes equation of terminal velocity and turbulent flow equation. We look at a way of calculating the time taken for a body to fall in a viscous medium. We also look at the general equation of terminal velocity.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
Salas, V. (2024) "John of St. Thomas (Poinsot) on the Science of Sacred Theol...Studia Poinsotiana
I Introduction
II Subalternation and Theology
III Theology and Dogmatic Declarations
IV The Mixed Principles of Theology
V Virtual Revelation: The Unity of Theology
VI Theology as a Natural Science
VII Theology’s Certitude
VIII Conclusion
Notes
Bibliography
All the contents are fully attributable to the author, Doctor Victor Salas. Should you wish to get this text republished, get in touch with the author or the editorial committee of the Studia Poinsotiana. Insofar as possible, we will be happy to broker your contact.
Body fluids_tonicity_dehydration_hypovolemia_hypervolemia.pptx
Foldscope
1. FOLDSCOPE REPORT
Scope of the Report:
1. What is Foldscope?
2. Orientation Given on Foldscope
3. Uses of Foldscope
4. Challenges Faced
5. Views
BRIEF OVERVIEW:
1. WHAT IS FOLDSCOPE?
A Foldscope is an optical microscope that can be assembled from simple components,
including a sheet of paper and a lens. It was developed by Manu Prakash and designed to cost
less than US$1 to build. It is a cheap and easy tool available for scientific use in the
developing world. The Foldscope weighs 8 grams and comes in a kit with multiple lenses
that provide magnification from 140X to 2,000X.
2. Orientation given on Foldscope-
Orientation on Foldscope was given by Avinash Madhale Sir and Sanskruti Marathe Ma’am.
In that we have been told about how foldscope can be used in place of a Microscope. It is
easily Portable and affordable. We have been told the basic use of Foldscope and how to
assemble it and its proper testing.
2. 3. Uses of Foldscope-
Foldscope is an effective tool that can be used in place of an Optical Microscope.
It can be used as a teaching tool for students in biology, chemistry and physics.
It is used for testing of samples.
It is used for findings about microorganisms.
4. Challenges Faced-
It is very difficult for the first timer to assemble it
The magnet couplers repelled each other. We have to pop out the magnet, flip it
over, and reinstall.
The cut slit is too small for the slide and it can easily slash apart.
Adhesive, dirt and fingerprints if are there are on the lens, then it is very difficult
to view the samples.
Regular cleaning of lens is required for good vision.
Sample’s adjustment is difficult since no proper holding is present.
Liquid samples spilled from the sample slide at the time of testing.
How to fix the lenses and what would be correct side of lenses to fix was not
clearly mentioned
5. Views-
POSITIVE VIEWS:
It is very affordable. Classroom kits are designed very well and easy to carry.
It can be used in manifold areas. We can easily use it at our homes also. Any
person, children or adult can use it. So this can be most suitable equipment for
those school students who are interested in science and they can watch science
in different perspective and can satisfy their curiosity
If assembled properly, it is the best alternative to an optical Microscope.
No proper guidance is required while using it.
Eco-friendly due to its paper-based components.
Comprehensive kit with all accessories included.
Easy to assemble and use because step by step instructions are given on the
instruction paper, which is available in kit of Foldscope
Good magnification for educational purposes.
3. Ability to observe both through eyes and with a phone camera.
NEGATIVE VIEWS:
Parts of foldscope are very delicate. If a particular part lost or destroyed, we’ll not
be able to assemble it.
Magnets couplers were very difficult to assemble as every time they repelled each
other.
Sample slide was difficult to insert.
Lens given is not powerful enough.
Slides given in the kit is very less it is for one time use only.
Not sure how long it will last when using several glass slides over a long period of
time.
DEEPIKA TOLWANI