This document provides an overview of different types of flooring materials, including their pros and cons. It discusses wood, laminate, cork, carpet, tile, stone, resilient, and concrete flooring. For tiles, it describes different types like vitrified, double/multi charged, full body, glazed, and digitalized tiles. The document also outlines factors to consider when choosing flooring like durability, maintenance requirements, cost, and aesthetics. It provides guidance on tile installation, including safety measures, preparation steps, and laying techniques.

1. FLOORING

2.  INTRODUCTION
 TYPES OF FLOORING-PROS AND
CONS
 CONCRETE FLOORING
 TILING AND TYPES OF TILES
 FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED
WHILE CHOOSING TILES FOR
FLOORING
 LAYING AND SECTIONS
 SAFETY MEASURES

3. oFLOORING IS THE GENERAL TERM FOR A
PERMANENT COVERING OF A FLOOR.
oTO PROVIDE A FINISHED WORKING SURFACE.
oIT CONSISTS OF A SUBFLOOR WHICH SUPPORTS
THE FINISHED FLOORING MATERIAL.
oSPECIAL PURPOSE OF SUBFLOORS
 FLOOTING FLOORS
 RAISED FLOORS
 SPRUNG FLOORS

4. FLOORING
WOOD:
SOLID WOOD
& BAMBOO
LAMINATE
CORK
SOFT:
CARPET
HARD:
TILE
STONE
RESILIENT:
VINYL
LINOLEUM&
MARMOLEUM
RUBBER

5. • BEAUTIFUL
• WARM
• SOFT ON FEET
• FAIRLY DURABLE
• LONGLASTING if properly sealed
and maintained
• CAN BE REFINISHED
• AVAILABILITY -TYPES OF WOODS
AND HUES
• CAN BE PAINTED OR STAINED
• SUSPECTIBLE TO WATER DAMAGE
• DARKNESS WITH AGE
• EXPENSIVE TO VERY EXPENSIVE
• SOFTER WOODS CAN DUST EASILY
• WATER AND SPILLS NEED TO BE CLEANED IMMEDIADTLY

6. • DURABLE
• EASY TO MAINTAIN
• SCRATCH RESISTANT
• AVAILABILITY-WIDE RANGE OF COLORS AND DESIGNS
• COLOR AND GRAIN UNIFORMITY
• CAN BE INSTALLED OVER OLD FLOORING
• AFFORDABLE
• GOOD CHOICE FOR DAMP AND BELOW GRADE AREAS
• EASY INSTALLATION
• GOOD CHOICE FOR DO IT YOURSELFERS
• CANNOT BE REFINISHED IF DAMAGED
• SOME CAN BE VERY EXPENSIVE

7. • SOFT AND WARM
• WIDE ARRAY OF COLORS AND PATTERNS
• GREAT TEXTURE
• EASY TO INSTALL
• AFFORDABLE
• AVAILABLE IN TILES OR INTERLOCKING PLANKS(FOR FLOATING FLOOR)
• OPTION OF UNFINISHED OR POLY URETHANE-SEALED
• GREEN MATERIAL
• MUST BE SEALED
• NOT DURABLE
• NOT EASY TO CLEAN
• MAY NOT BE GOOD CHOICE FOR “ROUGH FAMIL

8. • WARM
• EASY ON FEET
• LOTS OF COLORS,STYLES,DESIGNS,PATTERNS AVAILABLE
• SLIP RESISTANT
• AFFORDABLE
• APPROPIATE FOR DRIER CLIMATES ONLY
• COLLECTS DIRT AND MOISTURE WHICH CAN TURN INTO MILDEW
• WALL TO WALL CARPETING IS NOT A GOOD CHOICE FOR PEOPLE WITH DUST AL
• HARD TO CLEAN

9. • AVAILABLE IN DIFFERENT COLORS,SHAPES,SIZES AND PATTERNS
• DURABLE IF WELL MADE
• GLAZED TILES ARE MOISTURE AND STAIN RESISTANT
• EASY TO MAINTAIN
• VERY AFFORDABLE
• EASY FOR DO IT YOURSELFERS
• COLD
• HARD ON FEET
• CAN CRACK OR CHIP
• DIFFICULT TO REPAIR
• GLOSSY FINISHED TILES ARE SLIPPERY WHEN WET

10. • BEAUTIFUL
• DURABLE
• MANY COLORS AND PATTERNS AVAILABLE
• NEARLY INDISTRACTABLE
• TUMBLED OR HONED FINISHED GIVE GOOD TRACTION
• GRANITE IS THE STRONGEST
• COLD
• HARD ON FEET
• VERY EXPENSIVE STATE IS MORE AFFORDABLE BUT CAN BE ROUGH A
• GLOSSY FINISHES ARE SLIPPERY WHEN WET
• GLOSSY FINISHES MUST BE POLISHED REGULARLY
• HEAVY
• NEED A STRONGER SUB-FLOOR
• MARBLE WILL BE DAMAGED BY CHLORINE
• MARBLE,LIMESTONE,SLATE ABSORBS DIRT

11. • AFFORDABLE
• DURABLE
• WATER RESISTANT
• STAIN RESISTANT
• LOW MAINTENANCE
• EASY TO INSTALL
• CAN CREATE PATTERNS WITH TILES,STYLES AND COLORS
• PRONE TO DENTS AND TEARS
• MOISTURE CAN GET INTO SEAMS LEADING TO MILDEW
• SLIPPERY WHEN WET
• CAN BECOME DULL EASILY
• NEED WAXING REGULARLY

12. • WIDE RANGE OF COLORS
• DURABLE
• BIO-DEGRADABLE
• HYGENIC
• ANTI-STATIC
• THIS IS A GREEN PRODUCT
• POROUS
• NEED TO BE WAXED OR POLISHED FROM TIME TO TIME
• STRONG OVERALL BUT DIFFICULT TO REPAIR

13. CONCRETE FLOORING,NO LONGER HAS TO BE GRAY AND BORING
• MAJOR BENEFITS-AFFORDIBILITY,COST EFFECTIVE
• MAJOR ATTRACTION-EASE OF MAINTAINANCE
PEOPLE ARE DRAWN TO CONCRETE FLOORS BECAUSE OF:
o THEIR WIDE COLOR PALLET(WARM AND EARTHY TONES
o THEY ENHANCE THE INTEGRITY OF ARCHITECT’S DESIGNS.
o EASY TO CHANGE
o THEY ARE GREAT IN REGIONS WITH LOT OF SAND OR SNOW
o GOOD ALTERNATIVE TO CARPETS

14. • DURABILITY
• EASY TO MAINTAIN
• ENVIRONMAINTAL FRIENDLY
• VERSATILE
• LONGLASTING
• VAST DESIGN OPTIONS
• HARDNESS
• UNCOMFORTABLE
• COLD
• MOISTURE

15.  MANUFACTURED PIECE OF HARD-WEARING MATERIAL (LIKE: CERAMIC, STONE, METAL OR
GLASS)
 MAINLY USED TO COVER ROOFS, FLOORS, WALLS, SHOWERS, SURFACE TOPS AND COUNTERS
AND MANY MORE.
 WIDE VARITIES IN TERMS OF ITS MATERIAL USED, PURPOSE OF USE, SHAPES ETC.
 CAN BE MADE OUT OF SOME OTHER MATERIALS (LIKE: GLASS, MARBLE, ONYX, GRANITE, SLATE
ETC.)
TILING

16. VITRIFIED TILES AND ITS TYPES
VITRIFIED TILES:
 CERAMIC TILE WITH VERY LOW POROSITY
 POPULAR IN USE
 ALTERNATIVE TO MARBLE AND GRANITE
 VERY MUCH DURABLE
 COST DEPENDS UPON MASS PRODUCTION, MATERIAL USED FOR GLAZING
 CAN BE CLASSIFIED FURTHER AS: DOUBLE/MULTI CHARGED, FULL BODY, GLAZED, DIGITALIZED

17. DOUBLE/MULTI CHARGED:
 FED THROGH A PROCESS THAT PRINTS PATTERNS WITH DOUBLE LAYER OF PIGMENT
 3-4MM THICKER THAN OTHER TYPES OF TILES
 NO COMPLEX PATTERNS
 SUITABLE FOR HEAVY TRFFIC PROJECTS
 RESULTS IN A LONG WEARING TILE SURFACE
FULL BODY:
 HAVE PIGMENT IN ENTIRE BODY
 MAKES CHIPS & SCRATCHES LESS NOTICEABLE
 IDEAL FOR HIGH TRAFFIC ZONES
GLAZED:
 HAVE A GLAZED SURFACE
 WIDE VARIETY OF DESIGN, ART WORK, AND SURFACE TEXTURES
 EXPENSIVE PROCESS
DIGITALIZED:
 MOST COMMONLY USED TECHNIQUE
 LESSER IN EXPENSE COMPARED TO OTHERS
 EASIER IN THE MAKING

18.  WATER ABSORPTION
 QUALITY AND THICKNESS OF GLAZE
 WALL AND FLOOR TILES
 AESTHETICS
 FUNCTION
 COST

19. PREPARING FOR INSTALLATION
SAFETY MEASURES
REMOVAL OF EXISTING TILES
CLEAN AND DRY FLOOR
USE OF LONG LEVEL TO MAKE SURE THE FLOOR AREA IS LEVEL
INSPECT THE TILES
MEASURE LENGTH AND WIDTH OF THE FLOOR
SET A LEVEL

20. LAYING
 PUT TILES IN DESIRED PATTERN
 GROUT (MORTAR) IS PUT UPTO LEVEL
 CUT IN REQUIRED SHAPE
 THEN CEMENT SLURRY
 TILE
 ADDING THE FINISHING TOUCHES
 PUTTY BETWWEN TILES
 CLEANING

21. • TO PREVENT PERSONAL INJURIES
• DO NOT PERMIT UNAUTHORISED
PEOPLE
• DO NOT WELD IN BUILDING WITH
WOODEN FLOORS
• REMOVE ALL FLAMABLE MATERIALS
• MARK ALL THE HOT METAL AFTER
WELDING IS DONE

22. AMRITHA M. 4
SNEHA ELLUGUN 13
MRIDULA GADDAM 14
MANJIRI BHOJANE 30
SHREYOSI DHALI 53