Hard, semi-hard, and soft floor finishes are classified. Hard floor finishes include cement, terrazzo, stone, ceramic tiles, resin, and wood. Semi-hard finishes are thermoplastic, vinyl, linoleum, and rubber sheets. Soft floor finishes refer to carpets, which are woven, tufted, pile bonded, needle punched, or electrostatically flocked. The document then provides details on the composition and uses of different materials for hard floor finishes like granite, marble, slate, ceramic tiles, thermoplastic, vinyl, linoleum, wood and methods of cleaning carpets.

1. COMPILED BY- VIKESH KASHYAPCOMPILED BY- VIKESH KASHYAP
FLOOR FINISHES

2. Classification of Floor FinishesClassification of Floor Finishes
Hard floor finishes
Semi – hard floor finishes
Soft floor finishes
The term floorings or floor finish usually refers to
all floors surface other than carpet
Floors forms the basis on which the rest of the room
is planned
Kind of flooring required depends on the purpose of
the room

3. Hard Floor FinishesHard Floor Finishes
Cement
Terrazzo
Stone (marble, granite, limestone, slate)
Ceramic tiles
Resin
Wood

4. CementCement
Cement is mixed with water to
form a paste, which is then
mixed with other materials
to form a hard product
called concrete

5. TerrazzoTerrazzo
Terrazzo- Marble chips
mixed with cement uses
(often used in swimming
pools)

6. GranolithicGranolithic
Granolithic flooring is
nothing but a final coat that
are used over a cement
concrete floor for finishing
purposes, thus making the
surface resistant to wear
and tear caused due to
abrasion action.

7. STONE FLOORINGSTONE FLOORING
There are following types of stone flooring–
1-Marble flooring
2-Granite flooring
3-Kota stone flooring
Marble flooring
Marble is a non-foliated metamorphic rock composed of
recrystallized carbonate minerals, most commonly calcite or
dolomite.
Marble flooring is commonly is provided in places of worship and in
public buildings having rich specification.

8. CLASSIFICATION OF MARBLECLASSIFICATION OF MARBLE
WHITE MARBLEWHITE MARBLE GREEN MARBLE
PINK MARBLE BLACK MARBLE
MAKRANA

9. GRANITE FLOORINGGRANITE FLOORING
Granite / ræn t/ is a common type of felsic intrusive igneousˈɡ ɨ
rock which is granular and phaneritic in texture. The word
"granite" comes from the Latin granum, a grain, in reference to
the coarse-grained structure of such a holocrystalline rock.
Granite has fine grains and it is harder than marble

10. TYPES OF GRANITETYPES OF GRANITE
There are mainly three types of graniteThere are mainly three types of granite--
GREENGREEN GRANITEGRANITE RED GRANITERED GRANITE BLACK GRANITEBLACK GRANITE

11. KOTA STONE FLOORING
 Kota stone is commonly 25
to 40 mm thick.
 It should be hard, sound,
dense and homogeneous in
texture.
 Kota Stone is a fine-grained
variety of limestone
 it is done to obtain smooth
surface.

12. TILED FLOORSTILED FLOORS
Made of clay ( pottery), cement concrete
or terrazzo.
Available in different sizes and
thicknesses.
Commonly used in residential houses,
offices, schools, hospitals and other
public buildings, for floor to be
laid quickly.
The usefulness of tiles as a flooring
material is due to
Their pleasant appearance.
It eliminates the possibility of
cracks.
Quick execution of flooring

13. SlateSlate
Slate is a fine-grained, foliated,
homogeneous metamorphic rock
derived from an original shale-
type sedimentary rock composed
of clay or volcanic ash through
low-grade regional
metamorphism.
This is used in store rooms,
kitchens, back areas and laundry

14. CERAMIC TILECERAMIC TILE
Ceramic tiles are not
homogeneous tiles.
Flooring made of these tiles as a
basic material, is known as
ceramic tile flooring.
Glazed tiles are used in kitchens
and bathrooms
MATERIALS
Clay
Sand
Crushed stone

15. ResinResin
Synthetic resin (polyester)
Some marble chips are mixed to
make it more attractive
Due to the resilience of resin
the flooring show a good
recovery, inspite of shiny
surface they are non-skid
Used in laundry, cold storage
and back areas

16. Wood FlooringWood Flooring
The elegant look of hard wood
floor can add warmth and
character to any room in a home
The natural characteristics of
wood add depth and visual
appearance that many other
types of floors try to duplicate
Wooden floors can be made
from the following wood:- Oak,
Teak, Rosewood, Walnut,
Sandal, Cedar, Honne, Mathi,
Saal etc
Used in Gymnasium, Health
clubs, bar and Dance floor

17. Semi – Hard Floor FinishesSemi – Hard Floor Finishes
Thermoplastic
Vinyl
Linoleum
Rubber sheets

18. ThermoplasticThermoplastic
Made of asphalt tiles in
the form of warm, pliable
slate, which hardens on
cooling

19. VinylVinyl
Manufactured from PVC or
other synthetic resins.
Used on staircases and
pathways.

20. LinoleumLinoleum
Linoleum flooring is made from
natural materials like linseed oil,
recycled wood flour, cork dust
and limestone. Linoleum is
naturally anti-bacterial and
biodegradable. If you are
looking for a "green" floor for
your home, linoleum is one of
the best choices!
Used in linen rooms and offices

21. Rubber sheetsRubber sheets
Used in areas like
bars and bathrooms
They are noise free

22. Types of carpetsTypes of carpets
Woven
Tufted
Pile bonded
Needle punched
Electro statically
flocked

23. Methods of cleaning carpetsMethods of cleaning carpets
Vacuuming
Dry powder cleaning
Dry foaming cleaning
Rotary shampoo machines
Water extraction

24. THANK YOUTHANK YOU