Flash memory is a type of non-volatile memory that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed. It was developed from EEPROM and allows data to be stored when the memory is disconnected from its power source. There are two main types: NOR flash, which was introduced in 1988 and is used in devices like phones that need random access, and NAND flash, introduced in 1989 with higher storage capacity used in devices that frequently upload large files like cameras. Flash memory is used widely in electronics for storing data and software and has advantages like durability and portability but has limitations on write/erase cycles and risks from viruses. It continues to increase in capacity and decrease in cell size.

1. 1 Flash Memory
2 History of Flash Memory
3 Types of Flash Memory
4 Uses of Flash Memory
5 Examples of Flash Memory
6 Advantages & Disadvantages of Flash Memory
7 Future of Flash Memory

2. FLASH MEMORY
 Flash memory is a non-volatile memory .That can be
electrically erased and reprogrammed
 It was developed from EEPROM (electrically erasable
programmable read-only memory)
 Flash memory is a new memory technology that
allowed stores data to be saved when the memory
device was disconnected from its power sources.
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3. HIstory
 Flash memory was invented Dr.Fujio Masuoka while
working for Tosibha in 1980.
 Intel corporation introduced the first
commercial NOR type flash chip in 1988.
 Tosibha announced NAND flash at the
1989 international electron device meeting.
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4. internal structure of flash memory 3

5. types of flash memory 4

6. nor flash memory
 NOR flash memory was first introduced by Intel
in1988.
 Developed to replace read only memory (ROM).
 NOR flash is more expensive and takes longer to erase
and write new data.
 NOR is most often used in mobile phones.
♦ Can access any memory cell
♦ Slow sequential access
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7. nand flash memory
 NAND flash was introduced by Toshiba in 1989.
 Developed to replace hard disks
 NAND has significantly higher storage capacity than
NOR.
 It has found a market in devices to which large files are
frequently uploaded and replaced.
 MP3 players, digital cameras and USB drives use NAND
flash
♦ Can only access pages
♦ Faster sequential access
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8. Manufacturers of flash 7

9. uses of flash memory
 Flash memory generally used in computers, television,
set-up box, cell phone, digital cameras, mp3 players,
global position system.
 We used the flash memory to store our data
reprogrammed data.
 Flash memory is also used in much industrial
applications.
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10. Example of flash memory 9

11. Advantages of flash memory
 Flash memory is very durable and portable devices
which we use every where easily.
We can store much and more data in flash memory.
 We can read and erase our data easily.
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12. Disadvantages of flash memory
 Both NAND/NOR memory has limited number of
programming/erasure cycles.
 Virus can easily transfer in flash memory.
 When flash memory is crash then data is lost.
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13. Future of flash memory
 Continues to be among the most aggressively scaled
electronic technologies Memory cell size minimum of 20
nm expected to be met in 2010 May be replaced by
Phase-Change RAM or other emerging technologies.
 In the future size of flash memory cell is decrease and
the capacity is increase.
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14. conclusion
 Flash memory is a widely used reliable and fixable non-
volatile memory to store software code and data in a
micro controller. However as with any programmable
and erasable memory . Physical parameters must be
understood and the application for a long time data
retention time. And cumulative program must be
handled according to the DATA sheet.
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