The document discusses various fish diseases affecting aquaculture, their symptoms, and treatments, categorized into fungal, bacterial, viral, parasitic, protozoan, crustacean, and miscellaneous diseases. Key diseases such as dropsy, tuberculosis, and ulcer are highlighted, along with recommended treatments including medications and water quality management. It serves as a comprehensive guide for understanding and addressing fish health issues.

1. GOVERNMENT DEGREE & PG COLLEGE
(A) SIDDIPET
FISH DISEASES & TREATMENT
PRESENTED BY
BHUKYASAIKUMAR
MSCFISHERIES
Department of MSc Fisheries

2. Introduction :
 Fish disease , in various forms have been tormenting the aquaculture ever
since man learned the art of fish husbandry
 The stability of a fish population in a particular habit is very often disputed
by various factors viz., disease, habitat destruction depletion of resources
 Environmental change and fluctuations in water quality parameters are
also resulting illness to the fish
 It should be understood that fish suffer from many diseases, of which
from causative point of view they are classified as follows
 Fish disease is a disorder of structure or function in a fish one of that
has a known cause and a distinctive group of symptoms signs or
anatomical changes

3. Fish diseases
(a) fungal
(b) Bacterial
• Dermatomycosis
• Branchiomycosis
• Dropsy
• Ulcer
• Fin & tail rot
• columnaris
• Tuberculosis (Tb)
• Cotton mouth
(c) viral
• Spring viremia of carp
• Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia
(VHS)
• Infectious pancreatic necrosis
(IPN)
(d) parasitic
• velvet
• leeches
• Nematodes
(e) protozoan
• whirling
• Ichthyophthiriusis
(f) Crustacean disease
• Lemaeosis
• Ergasilosis
(g) Miscellaneous
• Argulosis
• Piscicolosis
• Red spot

4. (a) Fungal diseases
Symptoms Treatment
Appearance of fine hair like tuffs
hanging from the infected areas.
The fine become eroded and
hemorrhagic at the latter stage
of disease infected eggs tend to
stick together and finally die.
use copper solution (cuso4),
potassium permanganate (kmno3)
at the dose of 1g per 10 l of water
for 30 minutes ( repeat this for
every 10-12 hours for 10 days )
1.Dermatomycosis

5. 2. Branchiomycosis
Symptoms Treatment
The disease Is seen in the blood
vessels of the gill tissue,and it
obstructs the circulation of blood
through the gills, which makes
the gills lose their bright red
colour
Infected fish can be treated eith
malachite green at 0.1mg/1 for
extended periods of time or
0.3mg/l for 12 hours
Ponds with enzootic
branchiomycosis should be dries
and treated with calcium oxide or
2-3 kg copper sulphate per
hectare

6. (b) Bacterial
1.Dropsy
Symptoms Treatment
It is caused by pseudomonas
punctata
Accumulation of body fluid/water
in the body cavity or in sacle
pockets,scales become loose ,
abdomen bluged largerly and
pressing on it water comes out
through the mouth.
Its possibly the hardest internal
bacterial infection to cure
There are some medications
available such as
pencillin,tetracyclin and nalidixic
acid.

7. 2.Cotton mouth
Symptoms Treatment
It is caused by chondrococcus
columnaris
It shows up first as a gray or
white line around the lips and
later as short tufts sprouting from
the mouth like fungus
Change the 20% water daily , use
regular dosage of salt
1:1000 ppt kmo4 @ 3 times a day
Cuso4 bathing 2 times a day up to
one week

8. 3. Fin & tail rot
Symptoms Treatment
White line appears in margin of
the fin and spreads to all parts of
the body
1,2000 parts of cus04 for 1-2
mins
Painting/intense application the
affected part by cus04 also helps

9. 4. Tuberculosis (Tb)
symptoms Treatment
It is caused by mycobacterium
tuberculosis & mycobacterium
piscium
Loss of scales , loss of colour ,
lesions on the body , wasting ,
and skeletal deformities such as
curved spines
Fish can be treated with the same
drugs as humans get when they
become infected by
mycobacterium marnium e.g. ;
kanamycin.
This is a very resilient microbe ,
normal treatment involve
administrating at least two
different medication over the
course at least 3 months

10. 5. Ulcer
Symptoms Treatment
Sores and ulcer appear in the
body , increases in size gradually
expose the muscles
Wounds appear on the body
Badly infected fish removed from
pond
1:1000 parts of kmno4 applied in
pond
1:2000 parts of cuso4 dip
treatment for 1 min for 3-4 days

11. 6.Columnaris
Symptoms Treatment
It is caused by fexibacteria
White spots on mouth, edges of
scales , and fins
Cottony growth that eats away the
mouth
Fish disintegrate beginning at the
edges
Fungus often invades the affected
skin
Change water
Vacuum gravel
Ad aquarium salt
Treat with copper sulfate or
antibiotic
Discontinue carbon filtration
during treatment

12. (c) Viral
1.Spring viremia of carp
Symptoms Treatment
Caused by rhabdovirus
Carpio
Darkening the skin , swollen
abdomen , exophthalmia(pop
eye)
Hemorrhages in the skin ,
gills , swimbladder, and
inflammation of the
intestines
Not specific
First stage can be cured by
titration by kmo4 bath thrice a
day
Final stage cant cured better to
eliminate from pond

13. 2. Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia (VHS)
Symptoms Treatment
These include pale gills, dark body
, ascites , exophthalmos and in
some cases an intermittent period
of erratic spiraling behavior and
rapid respiration
As with many viral diseases of fish
there is no specific treatment or
cure of VHS

14. 3. Infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN)
Symptoms Treatment
The first sign of a typical IPN is
epizootic is a sudden increase in
mortality . The affected
individuals swim in a rotating
manner about their long axis
There is no effective medicine. Use
of iodine may be useful

15. (d) Parasitic
1. velvet
Symptoms Treatment
Is caused by dinoflagellate
parasite of the genera
amyloodinium
Infected fish is known to flash
The disease gives infected
organisms a dusty brownish color
. The disease occurs most
commonly in tropical fish
Sodium chloride is believed to
mitigate the reproduction of velvet
sufficient for the complete
eradication of an out break

16. 2. Infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN)
Symptoms Treatment
Lethargy is the first thing that you
may notice among the fish . They
might also stay aloof from other
fish
Fish rub themselves against the
walls of the aquarium to get rid of
the lice and leeches
Fishes loose the shine on their
body and look extremely pale.
You will find redness and
inflammation on the affected area
A tropical ointment can be used to
treat the infection
You can pull the leeches with the
help of tweezers
Salt bath to the fish to kill the
germs and easy remove of the
leeches

17. 3. Nematodes
Symptoms Treatment
Visible signs of infection may
include hemorrhaging , external
lumps or nodules , inflammation ,
and necrosis and cyst or
granulomas
The mechanical removal , there is
no effective treatment for these
nematodes due to the location of
the larvae within the coelomic
cavity or in the muscle

18. (e) Protozoan
1.whirling
Symptoms Treatment
Caused by myxobolus cerebralis
Damaging cartilage ,whirling
disease can kill young fish directly
, or cause infected fish to swim in
an uncontrolled whirling motion
In water sheds where myxobolus
cerebralis is present in wild
populations, there is currently no
cure or means to eradicate it .

19. 2. Ichthyophthiriusis
Symptoms Treatment
Caused by icthyophthirius
multifilis
Small white spots resembling
sand
Fish scratch against rock and
gravels
In advanced stages fish become
lethargic
Redness or bloody streaks in
advanced stages
Raise water temperature
Medicate for 10-14 days
Reduce medication when treating
scaleless fish
Discontinue carbon filtration
during treatment
Perform water changes between
treatments

20. (f) Crustacean disease
1.Lemaeosis
Symptoms Treatment
caused by anchor worm , buried
deep in host tissue , rubbing
against pond dykes or even
bottom, becomes lethargic
Gammaxine @1ppm application in
the pond

21. 2. Ergasilosis
Symptoms Treatment
Irritation in gills and fins
During this fish losses scales due
to itching it rubs to the rocks and
pebbels
Gills become pale
Fins become weaker and fish
appears inactive
5% common salt bath to the
affected fishes

22. (g)Miscellaneous
1. Argulosis
Symptoms Treatment
Parasite visible on gills and body
surface
Removal of eggs of argulas by
hanging corrugated sheets in
water and removing them and
drying after a week to kill eggs
Installing of casurina plants in a
culture pond.

23. References :
 Fish pathology by Ronald j. Roberts
 www.lkouniv.ac.in
 John Hoenig Virginia Institute of Marine
Science · Department of Fisheries Science PhD
 Krishi Mala
 My aquarium.br
 dkphoto.photoseller.com
 www.picstopin.com
 www.lalaukhan.com
 Modelst fish.com
 Thegolden fishbowl.co.uk
 www.aqua.ugent.be
 Veteriankey.com
 www.nps.gov
 www.diction.id
 www.thesprucepets.com
 www.apikheti.com
 Fish pathogens.net
 Rheareview.com

24. Thank You