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First Humans
- 1. Early Humans & EarlyCivilizations Unit 1: 8000-600 BCE 1
- 2. Eras to Know: PaleolithicAge Neolithic Age 1 million - 8,000 BCE 8,000 - 3,000 BCE 2
- 3. First Humans Australopithecus Homo habilis Homoerectus Homo sapiens: Neanderthals Homo sapiens sapiens 1 2 3 3
- 4. First Migrations Out ofAfrica Eurasia Australia The Americas The Pacific 4
- 5. First Societies Bands of25-50 people Nomadic with little to no food surplus Egalitarian Gender-based division of labor 5
- 6. First Societies Economy & Environment Moreleisure time Low life expectancy Slash & burn agriculture 6
- 7. First Societies Spiritual life Rockart Some monotheistic Levels of supernatural beings Cyclical view of time Patterns 7
- 8. Settling Down Improved livingconditions More permanent villages Societies became larger & more complex Store & accumulate goods 8
- 9. Beginnings of Agriculture NeolithicRevolution Deliberate cultivation of plants & taming of animals Replaced hunting & gathering 9
- 10. Beginnings of Agriculture CommonPatterns Improved conditions New knowledge & technology Disappearance of many large mammals Growing populations 10
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- 12. Agriculture Goes Global Diffusionvs. displacement Bantu Migrations 3,000 BCE Paleo people were absorbed, killed, or driven away 10,000 years to go global 12
- 13. Agriculture Goes Global Populationincrease Environmental transformations Health deterioration Technological innovations 13
- 14. Social Variation Pastoral SocietiesAgricultural Villages Chiefdoms •Relied on animals •Herders, pastoralists, or nomads •Central Asia, Arabian Peninsula, Sahara •Moved seasonally •Relative gender equality •Horticultural farmers •Banpo or Jericho •Social & gender equality •Catal Huyuk •Kinship groups •Some economic inequality •Inherited positions of power •Relied on generosity not the use of force •Mesopotamia, Pacific Islands, North America •Patrilineal descent •Many jobs for chiefs 14
- 15. The First Civilizations Mesopotamia Egypt Indus Aryans Shang& Zhou Mesoamerica & South America 15
- 16. What makes acivilization? Food Surplus Cities Specialization Trade Social Stratification Organized government Complex religions Written language Arts/architecture 16