Debate
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This document summarizes a debate between those in favor of listing gray wolves under the Endangered Species Act (Pro) and those against it (Con). The Pro side argues that gray wolf populations are still small, they are a keystone species, and help prevent disease. They also argue that delisting was done for political not scientific reasons and that human-wolf interactions can be managed. The Con side counters that wolf populations have recovered, they are now too large to be sustainable and encroach on humans. They also argue that regulated hunting would balance wolf populations and restore ecological and economic harmony. In the end, both sides reiterate their main arguments, with the Pro side emphasizing wolf intelligence and
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Debate
The document summarizes a debate about whether gray wolves should remain listed under the Endangered Species Act and protected, or if regulated hunting should be allowed. The pro side argues that gray wolf populations are still small, they are a keystone species, and help prevent disease. The con side counters that wolf populations have recovered enough to allow regulated hunting for balance, and to prevent conflicts with humans. Both sides make closing arguments about conservation versus balance in the environment and economy.
First Humans
Early humans began migrating out of Africa starting around 1 million years ago. The earliest humans included Australopithecus, Homo habilis, Homo erectus, and Homo sapiens. Around 8,000 BCE, humans began transitioning from nomadic hunter-gatherer bands to more settled agricultural villages as part of the Neolithic Revolution. This led to improved living conditions, growing populations, and the development of early civilizations in Mesopotamia, Egypt, the Indus Valley, and others by around 6000 BCE.
Spcas
The Humane Society of Canada claims to work across Canada and internationally on animal welfare issues like banning fur imports and puppy mills. However, they have a single office location and it seems to function more like a one-person operation with lack of transparency around finances and staffing.
The Canadian Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals is focused on Quebec and was founded in 1869. However, it faced allegations of financial mismanagement and debt in 2008, though new management is trying to improve operations.
The Canadian Federation of Humane Societies is a national organization established in 1957 to promote animal welfare. It represents over 100 local humane societies and speaks for over 400,000 individuals on issues involving pets,
Dogs
Dogs developed a symbiotic relationship with humans by scavenging human campsites for food. They provided a waste disposal function and alerted humans to intruders, leading humans to domesticate them as companions and guards. There are now around 5.9 million dogs in Canada. Cats have also been companions for at least 9,500 years and are popular pets, with 63 million worldwide and 7.9 million in Canada. They control pests and require less care than dogs but still need attention, play, and medical care to live healthy, happy lives.
Street animals
Street dogs in many cities have adapted to urban environments and learned to navigate vehicle and pedestrian traffic, with some even using public transportation. India has a large street dog population due to abundant food sources and a culture of caring for strays, though it also has high rates of human rabies deaths. Romania also struggles with large street dog populations due to abandonment during communist-era urbanization programs. Across the UK, an estimated 100,000 dogs and countless cats lack homes and often suffer on the streets or are euthanized in shelters. The pet industry, irresponsible breeding, and abandonment all contribute to the problem of pet homelessness.
Animal abuse
Unintentional and intentional cruelty towards animals is discussed. Unintentional cruelty can occur through neglect, like keeping pets chained too short. Intentional cruelty includes purposefully harming animals for fun or anger. The worst cruelty comes from those who enjoy hurting others or want to assert power. Various industries are highlighted where animal abuse is prevalent, such as circuses, experiments, farming, hunting and racing. Overall, the document outlines different types and contexts of animal abuse and their harmful impacts.
Interactions in communities
Here are some key interactions between predators and prey:
- Predators evolve adaptations to hunt prey more effectively like sharp teeth, claws, speed, camouflage. Prey evolve defenses like horns, armor, speed, camouflage.
- Predators help control prey populations from overgrazing their habitat. Prey populations fluctuate based on available resources and predator numbers.
- Some prey evolve defenses like traveling in herds for protection, alarm calls to warn others of danger. Predators coordinate hunting strategies to overcome defenses.
- Successful predator species ensure healthy ecosystems by culling sick or weak prey so populations remain balanced with their habitat's resources. Changes to predator or prey numbers can disrupt
Animal cruelty
This document discusses various types of animal cruelty. It begins by defining animal cruelty as neglect, abuse, combat, and hoarding that endangers animals. Common types of animal cruelty include neglect, hoarding, beating, torture, and animal fighting. Dogs, horses, livestock, alligators and seals are often victims of abuse. Reasons for cruelty include seeking power, control or shock value. The document outlines specific abuses such as neglect of chickens on factory farms, dog fighting, horse starvation, seal clubbing, and alligator wrestling. It concludes by suggesting ways to help such as reporting abuse and donating to animal welfare organizations.
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Debate
The document summarizes a debate about whether gray wolves should remain listed under the Endangered Species Act and protected, or if regulated hunting should be allowed. The pro side argues that gray wolf populations are still small, they are a keystone species, and help prevent disease. The con side counters that wolf populations have recovered enough to allow regulated hunting for balance, and to prevent conflicts with humans. Both sides make closing arguments about conservation versus balance in the environment and economy.
First Humans
Early humans began migrating out of Africa starting around 1 million years ago. The earliest humans included Australopithecus, Homo habilis, Homo erectus, and Homo sapiens. Around 8,000 BCE, humans began transitioning from nomadic hunter-gatherer bands to more settled agricultural villages as part of the Neolithic Revolution. This led to improved living conditions, growing populations, and the development of early civilizations in Mesopotamia, Egypt, the Indus Valley, and others by around 6000 BCE.
Spcas
The Humane Society of Canada claims to work across Canada and internationally on animal welfare issues like banning fur imports and puppy mills. However, they have a single office location and it seems to function more like a one-person operation with lack of transparency around finances and staffing.
The Canadian Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals is focused on Quebec and was founded in 1869. However, it faced allegations of financial mismanagement and debt in 2008, though new management is trying to improve operations.
The Canadian Federation of Humane Societies is a national organization established in 1957 to promote animal welfare. It represents over 100 local humane societies and speaks for over 400,000 individuals on issues involving pets,
Dogs
Dogs developed a symbiotic relationship with humans by scavenging human campsites for food. They provided a waste disposal function and alerted humans to intruders, leading humans to domesticate them as companions and guards. There are now around 5.9 million dogs in Canada. Cats have also been companions for at least 9,500 years and are popular pets, with 63 million worldwide and 7.9 million in Canada. They control pests and require less care than dogs but still need attention, play, and medical care to live healthy, happy lives.
Street animals
Street dogs in many cities have adapted to urban environments and learned to navigate vehicle and pedestrian traffic, with some even using public transportation. India has a large street dog population due to abundant food sources and a culture of caring for strays, though it also has high rates of human rabies deaths. Romania also struggles with large street dog populations due to abandonment during communist-era urbanization programs. Across the UK, an estimated 100,000 dogs and countless cats lack homes and often suffer on the streets or are euthanized in shelters. The pet industry, irresponsible breeding, and abandonment all contribute to the problem of pet homelessness.
Animal abuse
Unintentional and intentional cruelty towards animals is discussed. Unintentional cruelty can occur through neglect, like keeping pets chained too short. Intentional cruelty includes purposefully harming animals for fun or anger. The worst cruelty comes from those who enjoy hurting others or want to assert power. Various industries are highlighted where animal abuse is prevalent, such as circuses, experiments, farming, hunting and racing. Overall, the document outlines different types and contexts of animal abuse and their harmful impacts.
Interactions in communities
Here are some key interactions between predators and prey:
- Predators evolve adaptations to hunt prey more effectively like sharp teeth, claws, speed, camouflage. Prey evolve defenses like horns, armor, speed, camouflage.
- Predators help control prey populations from overgrazing their habitat. Prey populations fluctuate based on available resources and predator numbers.
- Some prey evolve defenses like traveling in herds for protection, alarm calls to warn others of danger. Predators coordinate hunting strategies to overcome defenses.
- Successful predator species ensure healthy ecosystems by culling sick or weak prey so populations remain balanced with their habitat's resources. Changes to predator or prey numbers can disrupt
Animal cruelty
This document discusses various types of animal cruelty. It begins by defining animal cruelty as neglect, abuse, combat, and hoarding that endangers animals. Common types of animal cruelty include neglect, hoarding, beating, torture, and animal fighting. Dogs, horses, livestock, alligators and seals are often victims of abuse. Reasons for cruelty include seeking power, control or shock value. The document outlines specific abuses such as neglect of chickens on factory farms, dog fighting, horse starvation, seal clubbing, and alligator wrestling. It concludes by suggesting ways to help such as reporting abuse and donating to animal welfare organizations.
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This document provides an overview of First Nations history and perspectives in Canada. It discusses:
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- For thousands of years beforehand, Indigenous peoples lived in balance with the land and environment.
- Following contact and colonization, Europeans asserted control over land and governance, leading to cultural assimilation policies that damaged First Nations populations and communities over subsequent generations.
- Ongoing impacts include poorer health, social challenges, and higher rates of addiction, suicide, and incarceration among First Nations peoples today. Moving forward, the document calls for more inclusive and authentic teaching of Indigenous histories and experiences in education.
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The document discusses several common defenses that meat eaters use to justify eating animals, such as arguing it is natural or part of their culture. It then summarizes Peter Singer's argument that we should give equal consideration to the interests of all living things, and not discriminate based on species. The document also discusses Michael Pollan's analysis of the issues with industrial animal agriculture, such as the inhumane conditions and treatment of animals. Pollan argues for reforming these practices by increasing transparency around farm conditions.
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This document discusses endangered species and why they should be saved. It defines what makes a species threatened, endangered, or extinct. Species become endangered due to habitat destruction, overhunting, invasive species, and pollution. Both animals like cheetahs and plants like agueweed are currently endangered. The document lists many endangered animals and plants and provides statistics on total endangered species numbers. Reasons to save endangered species include their medical, agricultural, and ecological importance. Losing species can trigger the loss of many others. There is also a moral obligation to protect species that people and future generations depend on.
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Animal abuse can occur intentionally or unintentionally and includes neglecting an animal's needs, hurting animals for fun or anger, or deriving pleasure from causing harm. Unintentional abuse is often due to lack of awareness, while intentional abuse ranges from youths harming animals to severely disturbed individuals. Various industries also cause animal suffering, such as circuses training animals through intimidation and abuse, animal testing in labs, and factory farming practices that compromise animal welfare. Overall, the document discusses different types and contexts of animal abuse and their negative impacts.
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InIndia-post-harvestlosses-unscientificstorage,insects,rodents,micro-organismsetc.,accountforabout10percentoftotalfoodgrains
Graininfestation
Directdamage
Indirectly
•theexuviae,skin,deadinsects
•theirexcretawhichmakefoodunfitforhumanconsumption
About600speciesofinsectshavebeenassociatedwithstoredgrainproducts
100speciesofinsectpestsofstoredproductscauseeconomiclosses
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.
The cost of acquiring information by natural selection
This is a short talk that I gave at the Banff International Research Station workshop on Modeling and Theory in Population Biology. The idea is to try to understand how the burden of natural selection relates to the amount of information that selection puts into the genome.
It's based on the first part of this research paper:
The cost of information acquisition by natural selection
Ryan Seamus McGee, Olivia Kosterlitz, Artem Kaznatcheev, Benjamin Kerr, Carl T. Bergstrom
bioRxiv 2022.07.02.498577; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.02.498577
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
Compexometric titration/Chelatorphy titration/chelating titration
Classification
Metal ion ion indicators
Masking and demasking reagents
Estimation of Magnisium sulphate
Calcium gluconate
Complexometric Titration/ chelatometry titration/chelating titration, introduction, Types-
1.Direct Titration
2.Back Titration
3.Replacement Titration
4.Indirect Titration
Masking agent, Demasking agents
formation of complex
comparition between masking and demasking agents,
Indicators/Metal ion indicators/ Metallochromic indicators/pM indicators,
Visual Technique,PM indicators (metallochromic), Indicators of pH, Redox Indicators
Instrumental Techniques-Photometry
Potentiometry
Miscellaneous methods.
Complex titration with EDTA.
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Debate
- 1. DEBATE: ESA STATUS OF GRAY WOLVES
- 2. PRO • Austin Lemme and Amber Steele • Gray Wolves should be listed under the Endangered Species Act • Jonas Crawford and Courtney McMillian • Gray Wolves should not be listed under the Endangered Species Act CON Pro vs. Con
- 3. Pro: Opening Statements Gray Wolves should be listed under the ESA Population • Largest Population (outside Alaska) is less than 4000 • Smallest Population is less than 100 Key Stone Species • Regulates other animal populations • Critical in food chain Beneficial • Eat sickly animals first • Help prevent disease from spreading
- 4. Con: Opening Statements Gray Wolves should not be listed under the ESA Population • Populations have been reestablished • Better than what they were before Interactions • Populations are too big to be sustainable • Encroachment on humans in search of food Balance • Hunting brings balance • Healthier populations • Economical benefits
- 5. Pro: Rebuttal Political vs Scientific • First endangered species to be removed over political reasons • Could open up possibility for other species Human Interaction • Compensation for loses from Wildlife Society • Gray Wolves are naturally avoidant Prevention • Moving dead cattle farther away from herd • Sturdier fences
- 6. Con: Rebuttal Unmanaged • Populations are scattered and unmanaged • Could open up possibility for other species Loss Prevention • Prevent loss of livestock and tax money • Money could go to more important things Regulated Hunting • Could fix both of these issues
- 7. Pro: Closing Statement Gray Wolves should be conserved and protected under the ESA Living Creature • Intelligent • Strong bonds between wolves Essential • Keep the surrounding environment healthy • Money could go to more important things Resources • Time and dedication put into their survival
- 8. Con: Closing Statement Lose • Livestock, money • Wildlife due to predator, prey imbalance Economy and Ecology • Restores balance • Benefits outweigh cost Harmony • Restores harmony in the environment Regulated hunting for Gray Wolves is needed to keep balance
- 9. ARE YOU PRO OR CON?