Trauma emergencies involve physical injuries caused by external forces. Bleeding is a major concern and can be life-threatening if not controlled. The key steps for bleeding control are to apply direct pressure using a clean cloth or dressing, elevate the wounded area if possible, and seek immediate medical help. Other trauma injuries include fractures, impaled objects, amputations, head or spinal injuries, burns, and electrocution. For each, the priorities are controlling bleeding, avoiding movement or removal of embedded objects, calling for emergency help, and providing first aid until advanced medical care arrives.

1. Trauma Emergencies

2. TRAUMA EMERGENCIES

3. Trauma means
• Trauma is a physical injury or wound caused
by external force or violence

4. Bleeding
 Outside the body(External)
 Inside the body (Internal)
 Excessive blood loss may lead to death
Initial bleeding control can be life saving

6. Bleeding Control
• Apply Pressure with clean cloth/sterile dressing pad
• If the bleeding is more apply more pads without
removing the old pad
• Elevate the wounded extremity(if no fracture)
• Do not give orally anything to drink or eat
Direct pressure Elevation

7. Nose Bleeding
Pinch the nose and lean
forward
Ask the patient to breath
from mouth
Apply pressure for 5 min,
release, if still bleeding, pinch
for 5-10 min more.

8. FRACTURE
• A fracture is a complete
or partial breakage of a
bone

9. FRACTURE :First Aid
 Call 108
 Control bleeding if any
 Avoid all unnecessary movement.
 Stabilize and support the injured part so
that no movement is possible.
 Immobilize the fracture area and the
joints on both sides of the fracture site.

10. Impaled Object
• Any object puncturing the skin and
body tissue and are left in place.
 Control Bleeding
 Stabilize the object as found
 Call 108
• Warning: Do not attempt to remove
the object !!!!

11. Amputation
Separation of a body part by
trauma
 Control the bleeding
 Call for 108
 Carry the amputated part along
with victim
 It can be re-implanted

12. Carrying Amputated Part
Brush of any gross contamination & cover with
clean cloth
Place it in a bag & seal it
Put this bag in a ice/cold water filled
container
Do not let the amputated part come into direct contact
with ice

13. Head and Spine Injury
First Aid:
• Call 108
• Keep the victim in the
position found
• Support the head and neck
with your hands to avoid
movements
• Stop any bleeding.
• Watch for changes in
breathing and alertness.

14. Head and Spine Injury
DO NOT:
• Don't move the person unless necessary and avoid
moving the person's neck.
• Don't apply direct pressure to the wound if you
suspect a skull fracture.

15. Sprain or Strain
 Rest: Stop movement of
the injured part
 Ice: An ice pack should be
applied
 Compression:Use
bandage , Squeeze fluid &
debris off the injury site.
 Elevation: The injured
area (Do not elevate if
fracture is suspected)

16. Burns
If the person has caught fire you should suggest the victim
 “ STOP ”
 “ DROP ”
 “ ROLL”
Call 108.

17. Burns First Aid
Water: Cool the part with tap water, avoid excessive cooling.
Wipe: Gently wipe with clean cloth
Cover: Cover with blanket
Wait: Wait until ambulance arrives
Warning: Remove jewelry, remove clothing if not sticking, take
care of ABC, Do Not apply house hold remedies.

18. ELECTROCUTION
 Human body is a good conductor of
electricity.
 Do not touch the victim unless source
is disconnected.
First Aid:
 Turn of source of electricity
 Call 108
 Cool and cover burns
 Start CPR if the patient has no pulse