This document describes a robot that can detect fire and deviate away from it. It uses an infrared (IR) sensor to detect heat from fire. The IR sensor contains an IR LED emitter and IR photodiode detector that can sense changes in IR light. A circuit diagram shows the basic components of the IR sensor, including the comparator IC that detects changes in the sensor output. The document also discusses different types of IR sensors and their applications, components like the IR LED and microcontroller, and how this robot is meant to detect fire and deviate itself away to safety.

1. Career Point University
Fire Detection & Deviation Robo
Kota
Major Assignment On
Project Guide :
Mr. Pankaj Chawla
EE Dept.
CPU , Kota
Made By :
Palkit Badala
Mukul Sharma
Garima Bisth
B,Tech (EE) (4th Sem)

2. Abstract
This is a Robot which will detect Fire
and deviates itself from Fire . It is
helpful in various ways.

3. Infrared IR Sensor
An infrared sensor is an electronic device, that emits in
order to sense some aspects of the surroundings. An IR
sensor can measure the heat of an object as well as
detects the motion. These types of sensors measures
only infrared radiation, rather than emitting it that is
called as a passive IR sensor. Usually in the infrared
spectrum, all the objects radiate some form of thermal
radiations. These types of radiations are invisible to our
eyes, that can be detected by an infrared sensor. The
emitter is simply an IR LED (Light Emitting Diode) and
the detector is simply an IR photodiode which is
sensitive to IR light of the same wavelength as that
emitted by the IR LED. When IR light falls on the
photodiode, The resistances and these output voltages,
change in proportion to the magnitude of the IR light
received.

4. IR Sensor Circuit Diagram
 An infrared sensor circuit is one of the
basic and popular sensor module in
an electronic device. This sensor is
analogous to human’s visionary senses,
which can be used to detect obstacles
and it is one of the common applications
in real time.This circuit comprises of the
following components
 LM358 IC 2 IR transmitter and receiver
pair
 Resistors of the range of kilo ohms.
 Variable resistors.
 LED (Light Emitting Diode).

5. Circuit Diagram of IR Sensor

7. In this project, the transmitter section includes an IR sensor, which
transmits continuous IR rays to be received by an IR receiver module. An
IR output terminal of the receiver varies depending upon its receiving of IR
rays. Since this variation cannot be analyzed as such, therefore this output
can be fed to a comparator circuit. Here anoperational amplifier (op-amp) of
LM 339 is used as comparator circuit.
When the IR receiver does not receive a signal, the potential at the
inverting input goes higher than that non-inverting input of the comparator
IC (LM339). Thus the output of the comparator goes low, but the LED does
not glow. When the IR receiver module receives signal to the potential at
the inverting input goes low. Thus the output of the comparator (LM 339)
goes high and the LED starts glowing. Resistor R1 (100 ), R2 (10k ) and R3
(330) are used to ensure that minimum 10 mA current passes through the
IR LED Devices like Photodiode and normal LEDs respectively. Resistor
VR2 (preset=5k ) is used to adjust the output terminals. Resistor VR1
(preset=10k ) is used to set the sensitivity of the circuit Diagram. Read
more about IR sensors.

8. Different Types of IR Sensors
IR sensors are classified into different
types depending on the applications.
Some of the typical applications of
different types of sensors are :
The speed sensor is used for
synchronizing the speed of multiple
motors. The temperature sensor is used
for industrial temperature control. PIR
sensor is used for automatic door
opening system and Ultrasonic
sensor are used for distance
measurement.

9. IR Sensor Applications

10.  Radiation Thermometers
 Flame Monitors
 Moisture Analyzers
 Gas Analyzers
 Dispersive
 IR Imaging Devices

11. IR Sensor

12. IR LED
 An IR LED, also known as IR transmitter, is a
special purpose LED that transmits infrared rays
in the range of 760 nm wavelength. Such LEDs
are usually made of gallium arsenide or
aluminium gallium arsenide. They, along with IR
receivers, are commonly used as sensors.

The appearance is same as a common LED.
Since the human eye cannot see the infrared
radiations, it is not possible for a person to
identify whether the IR LED is working or not,
unlike a common LED. To overcome this
problem, the camera on a cellphone can be
used. The camera can show us the IR rays being
emanated from the IR LED in a circuit.

14. Microcontroller
 A microcontroller is a small computer on a single integrated
circuit containing a processor core, memory, and
programmable input/output peripherals. Program memory in
the form of Ferroelectric RAM, NOR flash or OTP ROM is
also often included on chip, as well as a typically small
amount of RAM. Microcontrollers are designed for embedded
applications, in contrast to the microprocessors used
in personal computers or other general purpose applications
consisting of various discrete chips.
 Microcontrollers are used in automatically controlled products
and devices, such as automobile engine control systems,
implantable medical devices, remote controls, office
machines, appliances, power tools, toys and other embedded
systems. By reducing the size and cost compared to a design
that uses a separate microprocessor, memory, and
input/output devices, microcontrollers make it economical to
digitally control even more devices and processes. Mixed
signal microcontrollers are common, integrating analog
components needed to control non-digital electronic systems.

15. Application
 It detects Fire
 It deviates itself when it goes in front
of an obstracle.

16. Thank You !