This lecture is designed for first year students of English, and for anyone interested in a simple explanation of what is at stake in current political debates in America
This document provides an overview of the key features of the British constitution. It notes that the British constitution is unwritten, consisting of laws, traditions and precedents. It has evolved over time through incremental changes rather than being written at a single point. The constitution is also flexible, allowing acts of parliament to function as both constitutional and ordinary law. Some other important aspects mentioned are the sovereignty of parliament, the mixed monarchical-democratic system, and the role of conventions alongside legal rules.
The document describes the branches and structure of the United States government and British government. The US has three branches of government - executive, legislative, and judicial - with checks and balances. The legislative branch is Congress, made up of the House and Senate. The executive branch is led by the President. The British system has the monarch as head of state and the Prime Minister as head of government, with a bicameral Parliament made up of the House of Lords and House of Commons.
The President of the United States is elected every four years through a complex process outlined in the Constitution. Candidates must be at least 35 years old, a natural born US citizen, and have lived in the country for at least 14 years. Political parties choose their nominees through state primaries and caucuses. In the general election, voters select "electors" who then vote for President in the Electoral College. Whichever candidate wins the most popular votes in a state receives all of its electors. If no candidate receives a majority, the House of Representatives chooses the President.
The American Constitution was enacted in 1789 at the Philadelphia convention, consisting of just 7,000 words across 7 articles and now includes 26 amendments. Key features include being written, brief, rigid, establishing federalism and separation of powers, along with checks and balances between the three branches of government. It also outlines a presidential system, bicameral legislature, and protection of fundamental rights.
The British constitution is not set out in a single document but rather has evolved over many years through a combination of written laws, court rulings, conventions and traditions. It serves several functions including distributing power, protecting freedoms, defining limits on government, and providing stability. Unlike other nations like the US, the British constitution is partly written and uncodified, with sources scattered across documents, and can be amended through regular acts of parliament rather than a special process. Recent constitutional reforms under New Labour focused on areas like the House of Lords, devolution, freedom of information and human rights.
The US presidential election process involves primaries, caucuses, and a general election to select the president. From early spring of the year before the election through spring of the election year, candidates campaign and participate in state-run primaries and party-run caucuses to secure their party's nomination. In July and September, the major parties hold conventions to officially nominate their candidates. In September and October, presidential debates are held. The general election occurs on the first Tuesday of November, with the winner needing a majority in the Electoral College. The new president is inaugurated on January 20th of the following year.
This document discusses and compares unitary and federal systems of government.
A unitary government is one where supreme legislative authority is exercised by a central power. Examples include England, Japan, and France. Merits include strong, efficient administration and uniformity, while demerits include the risk of central despotism.
A federal government divides powers between central and regional governments. Examples are the US, Switzerland, and Australia. It aims to reconcile national unity with regional autonomy. Merits include administrative efficiency and local interest, while demerits include greater expense and lack of uniformity.
The document provides background information on the American political system, including key events like the Declaration of Independence, Articles of Confederation, and the writing of the US Constitution. It then summarizes the main principles and structure of the Constitution, outlining the separation of powers and checks and balances between the legislative, executive, and judicial branches as defined in Articles I-III. The summary also notes that James Madison is considered the key author and discusses reasons like weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation that led to the writing of the new Constitution.
This document provides an overview of the key features of the British constitution. It notes that the British constitution is unwritten, consisting of laws, traditions and precedents. It has evolved over time through incremental changes rather than being written at a single point. The constitution is also flexible, allowing acts of parliament to function as both constitutional and ordinary law. Some other important aspects mentioned are the sovereignty of parliament, the mixed monarchical-democratic system, and the role of conventions alongside legal rules.
The document describes the branches and structure of the United States government and British government. The US has three branches of government - executive, legislative, and judicial - with checks and balances. The legislative branch is Congress, made up of the House and Senate. The executive branch is led by the President. The British system has the monarch as head of state and the Prime Minister as head of government, with a bicameral Parliament made up of the House of Lords and House of Commons.
The President of the United States is elected every four years through a complex process outlined in the Constitution. Candidates must be at least 35 years old, a natural born US citizen, and have lived in the country for at least 14 years. Political parties choose their nominees through state primaries and caucuses. In the general election, voters select "electors" who then vote for President in the Electoral College. Whichever candidate wins the most popular votes in a state receives all of its electors. If no candidate receives a majority, the House of Representatives chooses the President.
The American Constitution was enacted in 1789 at the Philadelphia convention, consisting of just 7,000 words across 7 articles and now includes 26 amendments. Key features include being written, brief, rigid, establishing federalism and separation of powers, along with checks and balances between the three branches of government. It also outlines a presidential system, bicameral legislature, and protection of fundamental rights.
The British constitution is not set out in a single document but rather has evolved over many years through a combination of written laws, court rulings, conventions and traditions. It serves several functions including distributing power, protecting freedoms, defining limits on government, and providing stability. Unlike other nations like the US, the British constitution is partly written and uncodified, with sources scattered across documents, and can be amended through regular acts of parliament rather than a special process. Recent constitutional reforms under New Labour focused on areas like the House of Lords, devolution, freedom of information and human rights.
The US presidential election process involves primaries, caucuses, and a general election to select the president. From early spring of the year before the election through spring of the election year, candidates campaign and participate in state-run primaries and party-run caucuses to secure their party's nomination. In July and September, the major parties hold conventions to officially nominate their candidates. In September and October, presidential debates are held. The general election occurs on the first Tuesday of November, with the winner needing a majority in the Electoral College. The new president is inaugurated on January 20th of the following year.
This document discusses and compares unitary and federal systems of government.
A unitary government is one where supreme legislative authority is exercised by a central power. Examples include England, Japan, and France. Merits include strong, efficient administration and uniformity, while demerits include the risk of central despotism.
A federal government divides powers between central and regional governments. Examples are the US, Switzerland, and Australia. It aims to reconcile national unity with regional autonomy. Merits include administrative efficiency and local interest, while demerits include greater expense and lack of uniformity.
The document provides background information on the American political system, including key events like the Declaration of Independence, Articles of Confederation, and the writing of the US Constitution. It then summarizes the main principles and structure of the Constitution, outlining the separation of powers and checks and balances between the legislative, executive, and judicial branches as defined in Articles I-III. The summary also notes that James Madison is considered the key author and discusses reasons like weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation that led to the writing of the new Constitution.
American political parties have evolved over time from informal affiliations to established organizations. The US system is largely a two-party structure, with the Democratic and Republican parties dominating. Democrats tend to favor an active government role in citizens' lives and progressive change. Republicans prefer a smaller government focused on individual liberties and tradition. While third parties exist, the winner-take-all electoral system favors the two major parties. Political ideologies and party affiliations develop based on social and personal factors.
The document discusses the concept of sovereignty from various perspectives. It begins with definitions from early theorists like Jean Bodin and explores different types of sovereignty such as titular vs actual. It then analyzes attributes of sovereignty like permanence and indivisibility. The document also covers criticism of theories from thinkers like Austin and examines the Islamic concept of sovereignty, noting attributes like universality and absolutism. It concludes by arguing that while a democratic entitlement is superficially attractive, it could endanger peace and security.
The document provides an overview of key aspects of the US Constitution, including:
- The Constitution is the supreme law of the land and establishes how the government works and protects civil rights.
- It outlines the seven articles that make up the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government and relations among states. It also establishes the amendment process.
- The six basic principles of the Constitution are popular sovereignty, limited government, separation of powers, checks and balances, judicial review, and federalism.
- The first ten amendments are the Bill of Rights, which protect civil liberties like freedom of religion, speech, press, right to bear arms, due process, and rights in criminal proceedings.
This chapter discusses the role and functions of political parties in the United States. It describes how political parties nominate candidates, inform voters, govern after elections, and act as watchdogs over other parties. It also explains the origins of the two-party system and the historical dominance of the Democratic and Republican parties. Additionally, it covers the roles of minor parties, the decentralized structure of major parties, and factors that have weakened connections between voters and parties in recent decades.
I put together this slide set for my classmates at USC in the International Public Policy and Management Program (IPPAM) in the Price School of Public Policy. As most are foreign nationals, they wanted to learn more about our Presidential elections. It was a great refresher for myself as well. Feel free to enjoy and share.
The document discusses the three organs of government in Bangladesh: the executive, legislative, and judiciary. The legislative organ is unicameral with 300 elected members who are responsible for lawmaking, budget control, and amending the constitution. The executive organ is headed by the prime minister and cabinet who execute laws and maintain order. The judiciary's highest body is the Supreme Court, whose chief justice and judges are appointed by the president on the prime minister's recommendation. The judiciary interprets laws, guards the constitution, decides cases, and protects civil rights.
The document provides an overview of the US Judicial Branch, including its constitutional role, membership, and key decisions. It discusses the structure of the federal court system with the Supreme Court at the top. It profiles the current justices, judicial philosophies around constructionism and activism, and the appointments process. Notable cases from the Warren, Burger, Rehnquist, and Roberts courts are summarized regarding desegregation, privacy, criminal procedure, abortion, executive power, and the Affordable Care Act.
The document provides an overview of the United States Constitution, including when and how it was written. It discusses that the Constitution was drafted in 1787 in Philadelphia by 55 delegates led by George Washington and James Madison, and was influenced by other historic documents and state constitutions. It established a system of checks and balances between the three branches of government to solve problems under the previous Articles of Confederation system.
this ppt describes different froms of government based on power and authority distribution, the merits and demerits of each form of government are also given. for further educative ppt do comment and if time allow i will surely help you in making your ppt.
The United States has a strong federal government established by the Constitution. It consists of three branches - the legislative branch (Congress), the executive branch (President and Cabinet), and the judicial branch (Supreme Court and other federal courts). Congress makes the laws and controls finances, the President executes the laws and leads foreign policy, and the courts interpret the laws and Constitution.
The United Kingdom has a constitutional monarchy with Queen Elizabeth II as head of state. The Prime Minister is the head of government and executive power is exercised through the monarch and devolved governments in Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. Legislative power is held by the bicameral UK Parliament and devolved assemblies. The judiciary is independent and the Supreme Court is the highest court. The UK has a multi-party system dominated by the Conservative and Labour parties.
The executive branch of government executes laws and includes the president, ministers, and civil servants. There are two types of executives: single executive which concentrates power in one person like a president; and plural executive which distributes power among elected leaders. The executive branch consists of political and non-political officials who are involved in day-to-day administration, including an executive head who is elected, an executive council that advises the executive, ministers who oversee departments and agencies, and a permanent civil service that implements policies. The political executive formulates public policy, executes laws, appoints officials, prepares budgets, and exercises some judicial powers like appointing judges.
The term ‘Legg' means "law" and 'lature’ the "place"
Another term, which is used as a synonym of Legislature, is ‘Parliament.’ This word stands derived from the French word ‘Parley’ which means to ‘talk’ or to discuss and deliberate.
Each chamber of legislature consists of a number of legislators who use some form of parliamentary procedure to debate political issues and vote on proposed legislation.
The document discusses the roles and powers of the President, including being the head of state, commander-in-chief, and chief executive. It also covers how a President is elected through primaries, political conventions, and the Electoral College system. The powers of the President include both formal constitutional powers and informal powers gained in practice over time.
The document discusses the key elements that constitute a state. It describes a state as having four essential elements: a population living within a defined territory and organized under a government that exercises sovereignty. Population, territory, government, and sovereignty are the fundamental components of any political organization that can be considered a state.
The President has broad executive powers that allow them to carry out and enforce federal laws. This includes interpreting laws, issuing executive orders, appointing officials, negotiating treaties, and serving as commander-in-chief of the armed forces. The President also has legislative powers like proposing budgets, signing or vetoing bills, and issuing signing statements. Judicial powers grant the President pardon and clemency authority. The Constitution provides the framework for these powers while practice, court rulings, and legislation have further defined their limits and scope over time.
Introduction to Political Parties in the U.S.MFlynn88
Political parties serve several important functions in democratic governments. The two major parties in the United States are the Republican and Democratic parties. While minor parties exist, the electoral system and election laws tend to reinforce the dominance of the two major parties. Some characteristics that have historically differentiated the two major parties are views on the role of government and which demographic groups they tend to attract more.
The U.S. federal government is divided into three equal branches: the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. Each branch has separate responsibilities and powers to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful through a system of checks and balances. The legislative branch makes laws, the executive branch enforces laws, and the judicial branch interprets laws. The branches share powers over each other, such as Congress's control over spending and ability to override presidential vetoes.
Parliamentary and presidential systems differ in their basic government structures and relationships between branches of government. In parliamentary systems, the executive branch is usually drawn from elected members of parliament and can be replaced through votes of no confidence, ensuring unity between the executive and legislative branches. Presidential systems have a strict separation of powers, with an independently elected president and legislative houses that can act as a check on each other. The two systems also differ in leadership structures, policymaking processes, and the balance of power between branches of government.
The Government of the USA is based on the Constitution, which was signed in 1787 and established a federal government with powers separated between the legislative, executive, and judicial branches to prevent dictatorship. The Constitution gives Congress lawmaking powers, the President executive powers to enforce laws, and the Supreme Court judicial powers to interpret laws. A system of checks and balances ensures no single branch can gain too much power, such as Congress passing laws the President can veto or the Supreme Court striking down unconstitutional laws. Regular elections also check leaders' power by allowing voters to replace representatives who oppose the President's agenda.
This document outlines a political strategy to undermine support for the Democratic Party by highlighting areas where the party's platform contradicts principles like the Constitution, Martin Luther King Jr.'s vision of equality and justice, and protection of innocent life. It argues the Democratic agenda promotes division, destruction, and moral degradation. The strategy aims to educate voters on real policy differences between parties and show how the Democratic agenda expands government beyond its lawful powers. It seeks to appeal to voters' intelligence and values to reject the Democratic platform in favor of principles like liberty, rule of law, and virtue.
The document provides an overview of the U.S. political spectrum and the differences between the Democratic and Republican parties. It traces the origins and histories of the two parties and outlines some of their differing stances on key issues such as taxes, healthcare, immigration, and gun control. The Democratic Party is generally considered more liberal, while the Republican Party is viewed as more conservative.
American political parties have evolved over time from informal affiliations to established organizations. The US system is largely a two-party structure, with the Democratic and Republican parties dominating. Democrats tend to favor an active government role in citizens' lives and progressive change. Republicans prefer a smaller government focused on individual liberties and tradition. While third parties exist, the winner-take-all electoral system favors the two major parties. Political ideologies and party affiliations develop based on social and personal factors.
The document discusses the concept of sovereignty from various perspectives. It begins with definitions from early theorists like Jean Bodin and explores different types of sovereignty such as titular vs actual. It then analyzes attributes of sovereignty like permanence and indivisibility. The document also covers criticism of theories from thinkers like Austin and examines the Islamic concept of sovereignty, noting attributes like universality and absolutism. It concludes by arguing that while a democratic entitlement is superficially attractive, it could endanger peace and security.
The document provides an overview of key aspects of the US Constitution, including:
- The Constitution is the supreme law of the land and establishes how the government works and protects civil rights.
- It outlines the seven articles that make up the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government and relations among states. It also establishes the amendment process.
- The six basic principles of the Constitution are popular sovereignty, limited government, separation of powers, checks and balances, judicial review, and federalism.
- The first ten amendments are the Bill of Rights, which protect civil liberties like freedom of religion, speech, press, right to bear arms, due process, and rights in criminal proceedings.
This chapter discusses the role and functions of political parties in the United States. It describes how political parties nominate candidates, inform voters, govern after elections, and act as watchdogs over other parties. It also explains the origins of the two-party system and the historical dominance of the Democratic and Republican parties. Additionally, it covers the roles of minor parties, the decentralized structure of major parties, and factors that have weakened connections between voters and parties in recent decades.
I put together this slide set for my classmates at USC in the International Public Policy and Management Program (IPPAM) in the Price School of Public Policy. As most are foreign nationals, they wanted to learn more about our Presidential elections. It was a great refresher for myself as well. Feel free to enjoy and share.
The document discusses the three organs of government in Bangladesh: the executive, legislative, and judiciary. The legislative organ is unicameral with 300 elected members who are responsible for lawmaking, budget control, and amending the constitution. The executive organ is headed by the prime minister and cabinet who execute laws and maintain order. The judiciary's highest body is the Supreme Court, whose chief justice and judges are appointed by the president on the prime minister's recommendation. The judiciary interprets laws, guards the constitution, decides cases, and protects civil rights.
The document provides an overview of the US Judicial Branch, including its constitutional role, membership, and key decisions. It discusses the structure of the federal court system with the Supreme Court at the top. It profiles the current justices, judicial philosophies around constructionism and activism, and the appointments process. Notable cases from the Warren, Burger, Rehnquist, and Roberts courts are summarized regarding desegregation, privacy, criminal procedure, abortion, executive power, and the Affordable Care Act.
The document provides an overview of the United States Constitution, including when and how it was written. It discusses that the Constitution was drafted in 1787 in Philadelphia by 55 delegates led by George Washington and James Madison, and was influenced by other historic documents and state constitutions. It established a system of checks and balances between the three branches of government to solve problems under the previous Articles of Confederation system.
this ppt describes different froms of government based on power and authority distribution, the merits and demerits of each form of government are also given. for further educative ppt do comment and if time allow i will surely help you in making your ppt.
The United States has a strong federal government established by the Constitution. It consists of three branches - the legislative branch (Congress), the executive branch (President and Cabinet), and the judicial branch (Supreme Court and other federal courts). Congress makes the laws and controls finances, the President executes the laws and leads foreign policy, and the courts interpret the laws and Constitution.
The United Kingdom has a constitutional monarchy with Queen Elizabeth II as head of state. The Prime Minister is the head of government and executive power is exercised through the monarch and devolved governments in Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. Legislative power is held by the bicameral UK Parliament and devolved assemblies. The judiciary is independent and the Supreme Court is the highest court. The UK has a multi-party system dominated by the Conservative and Labour parties.
The executive branch of government executes laws and includes the president, ministers, and civil servants. There are two types of executives: single executive which concentrates power in one person like a president; and plural executive which distributes power among elected leaders. The executive branch consists of political and non-political officials who are involved in day-to-day administration, including an executive head who is elected, an executive council that advises the executive, ministers who oversee departments and agencies, and a permanent civil service that implements policies. The political executive formulates public policy, executes laws, appoints officials, prepares budgets, and exercises some judicial powers like appointing judges.
The term ‘Legg' means "law" and 'lature’ the "place"
Another term, which is used as a synonym of Legislature, is ‘Parliament.’ This word stands derived from the French word ‘Parley’ which means to ‘talk’ or to discuss and deliberate.
Each chamber of legislature consists of a number of legislators who use some form of parliamentary procedure to debate political issues and vote on proposed legislation.
The document discusses the roles and powers of the President, including being the head of state, commander-in-chief, and chief executive. It also covers how a President is elected through primaries, political conventions, and the Electoral College system. The powers of the President include both formal constitutional powers and informal powers gained in practice over time.
The document discusses the key elements that constitute a state. It describes a state as having four essential elements: a population living within a defined territory and organized under a government that exercises sovereignty. Population, territory, government, and sovereignty are the fundamental components of any political organization that can be considered a state.
The President has broad executive powers that allow them to carry out and enforce federal laws. This includes interpreting laws, issuing executive orders, appointing officials, negotiating treaties, and serving as commander-in-chief of the armed forces. The President also has legislative powers like proposing budgets, signing or vetoing bills, and issuing signing statements. Judicial powers grant the President pardon and clemency authority. The Constitution provides the framework for these powers while practice, court rulings, and legislation have further defined their limits and scope over time.
Introduction to Political Parties in the U.S.MFlynn88
Political parties serve several important functions in democratic governments. The two major parties in the United States are the Republican and Democratic parties. While minor parties exist, the electoral system and election laws tend to reinforce the dominance of the two major parties. Some characteristics that have historically differentiated the two major parties are views on the role of government and which demographic groups they tend to attract more.
The U.S. federal government is divided into three equal branches: the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. Each branch has separate responsibilities and powers to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful through a system of checks and balances. The legislative branch makes laws, the executive branch enforces laws, and the judicial branch interprets laws. The branches share powers over each other, such as Congress's control over spending and ability to override presidential vetoes.
Parliamentary and presidential systems differ in their basic government structures and relationships between branches of government. In parliamentary systems, the executive branch is usually drawn from elected members of parliament and can be replaced through votes of no confidence, ensuring unity between the executive and legislative branches. Presidential systems have a strict separation of powers, with an independently elected president and legislative houses that can act as a check on each other. The two systems also differ in leadership structures, policymaking processes, and the balance of power between branches of government.
The Government of the USA is based on the Constitution, which was signed in 1787 and established a federal government with powers separated between the legislative, executive, and judicial branches to prevent dictatorship. The Constitution gives Congress lawmaking powers, the President executive powers to enforce laws, and the Supreme Court judicial powers to interpret laws. A system of checks and balances ensures no single branch can gain too much power, such as Congress passing laws the President can veto or the Supreme Court striking down unconstitutional laws. Regular elections also check leaders' power by allowing voters to replace representatives who oppose the President's agenda.
This document outlines a political strategy to undermine support for the Democratic Party by highlighting areas where the party's platform contradicts principles like the Constitution, Martin Luther King Jr.'s vision of equality and justice, and protection of innocent life. It argues the Democratic agenda promotes division, destruction, and moral degradation. The strategy aims to educate voters on real policy differences between parties and show how the Democratic agenda expands government beyond its lawful powers. It seeks to appeal to voters' intelligence and values to reject the Democratic platform in favor of principles like liberty, rule of law, and virtue.
The document provides an overview of the U.S. political spectrum and the differences between the Democratic and Republican parties. It traces the origins and histories of the two parties and outlines some of their differing stances on key issues such as taxes, healthcare, immigration, and gun control. The Democratic Party is generally considered more liberal, while the Republican Party is viewed as more conservative.
The document provides instructions for simulating the US government separation of powers among 4 groups representing the House of Representatives, Senate, Supreme Court, and President/Executive branch. It includes background on the roles and powers of each branch. Students will be assigned as Republicans or Democrats and discuss/vote on 3 sample bills related to healthcare, stem cell research, and gun control to see how a bill becomes law through the legislative process and potential checks from other branches.
STRUCTURE
The United States is a federal republic Presidential
Each state chooses the best way to compute and count their votes.
The number of big voters is the same as the representatives and senators from each state, although these are not big voters. The total number is 538 grand electors, not counting the number of popular votes. Who wins in a particular State, is entitled to elect all the major constituents
The document provides information about interning with the Georgia House of Representatives and Senate. It describes the roles and responsibilities of state representatives, state senators, and the governor. It notes that state representatives and senators are the only people who can introduce new legislation and vote on bills, which then go to the governor for approval. If approved, the bills become law. The document also provides salary and constituency information for various state and federal elected positions.
Federalism refers to a system of government where power is divided between national and state governments. The Constitution grants express, implied, and inherent powers to the national government, while reserving other powers for the states. Concurrent powers are shared between the national and state governments. Local governments exercise power granted by their state governments. The Supremacy Clause establishes that the Constitution takes precedence over other laws. The two-party system in the U.S. developed from the Federalists and Anti-Federalists and is maintained by the electoral system and ideological consensus among Americans.
The document discusses California's system of direct democracy through initiatives, referendums, and recalls. It provides background on their origins in the early 20th century as a way for citizens to have more direct control over laws and policies. There are arguments that they empower ordinary citizens but also that they are tools that mostly benefit wealthy individuals and organizations. While initiatives allow for progressive laws, some that passed received major funding from conservative groups and targeted immigrant and minority rights. Critics argue citizens may lack expertise to make complex decisions and be swayed by emotions over long-term impacts. Many initiatives are challenged in courts with around half being invalidated.
This document provides an overview of government in the United States from the federal level down to local levels. It outlines the branches and responsibilities of the federal government as established in the Constitution. It also summarizes the Bill of Rights and process for amending the Constitution. Additionally, it discusses state and local governments and how citizens can get involved in the political process through activities like voting, learning about elected officials, and civic participation.
The document provides an overview of Congress and the budgeting process. It discusses that Congress is given the most power in the Constitution compared to other branches. It then outlines Congress' key powers like taxation and declaring war. The document also examines the budgeting process, including how the executive budget is submitted to Congress, the use of fiscal years, and the congressional budget resolutions passed in May and September each year to set spending limits.
The document defines key concepts related to government and civics. It discusses that government is the institution that makes and enforces public policy, and is comprised of people who exercise its powers. There are three basic powers of government: legislative, executive, and judicial. Several theories on the origins of the state are presented, including the force, evolutionary, divine right, and social contract theories. Democracy and dictatorship are contrasted, with democracy defined as rule by the people and dictatorship defined as rule by one person or small group. The purpose of the US government is also summarized from the Constitution.
WHY TEXANS NEED INITIATIVE & REFERENDUMArt Bedford
The document discusses the initiative and referendum process (I&R), which allows citizens in some states to directly propose legislation or constitutional amendments via petition, and vote to repeal existing laws. It argues that I&R is needed in Texas to give citizens more voice and limit the influence of special interests, citing polls showing most Texans support I&R. It outlines the process required to amend the Texas constitution to establish I&R rights for citizens.
The document discusses several key political issues in the United States and the general positions of Democrats and Republicans on those issues. It provides background on the emergence of the Tea Party movement in response to government bailouts and increased spending. It then lists the core beliefs of the Tea Party and contrasts Democratic and Republican perspectives on issues like abortion, gun control, the environment, and taxes.
The document discusses several key differences between Democrats and Republicans on important political issues in the United States such as abortion, gun control, healthcare, taxes, the environment, and more. It provides an overview of where each party generally stands on these issues through charts, maps, and brief explanations.
The document discusses some of the key differences between Democrats and Republicans on various social and political issues in the United States. These issues include abortion, gun control, the environment, taxes, healthcare, and more. The Tea Party movement emerged in 2009 in opposition to bank bailouts and increased government spending under President Obama.
The document discusses the American political party system. It begins by defining political parties and their role in organizing candidates and government. It then describes the historical development of parties in the US from factions in the 18th century to political machines to modern reform periods. The US has a federal constitutional democratic republic system with separation of powers between the executive, legislative and judicial branches. Politics are shaped by the two dominant parties, Democrats and Republicans, as well as citizen interests, lobbyists and media.
This document provides an overview of the historical development of public policy in the United States. It is divided into four eras: 1) A period of divided power between 1787-1870, where the federal government had limited scope. 2) An era of state activism from 1870-1933 as industrialization increased demands for regulation. 3) An era of national activism from 1933-1961 in response to the Great Depression and World War II. 4) An era of national standards from 1961-1981 with programs like the Great Society. The document also discusses elements of stability in the American system, such as ideological, political, and policy stability over time.
Government chapter 1 section 1 powerpointHolmesGov
The document discusses several key concepts related to government and politics. It defines government as the institution that makes and enforces public policy. It also discusses the three basic powers of government - legislative, executive, and judicial. Additionally, it outlines four theories on the origins of the state and compares democracy to dictatorship. The purpose of the US government as stated in the preamble to the constitution is also summarized.
The document provides an overview of the legislative branch of the U.S. government, including the roles and powers of Congress. It discusses the structure of the House of Representatives and Senate, qualifications for members, and leadership positions. Key powers of Congress outlined include taxation, borrowing, regulating commerce, declaring war, and confirming presidential appointments.
The document provides an overview of the U.S. Congress, including its bicameral structure consisting of the House of Representatives and Senate. It discusses the roles, requirements, leadership structures, and committee systems of each chamber. Key powers of Congress include lawmaking, oversight, and representation of citizens. Committees play an important role in Congress's work by focusing on specific policy areas and issues.
Political parties serve several essential functions in American democracy. The two major parties are the Republicans and Democrats, who dominate elections by nominating candidates and mobilizing supporters around their policy platforms. Minor parties like the Green Party, Libertarian Party, and Communist Party also participate but have less influence as the political system encourages a two-party structure. Each party represents a different ideology and coalition of voters.
Similar to American political system and parties (20)
Pour la fermeture de la Déchetterie de Borj TurkiElhem Chniti
La déchetterie sauvage néanmoins gérée par la municipalité dégage une fumée perceptible dans un rayon d'un kilomètre autour du site. Cette fumée nous empoisonne l'air, et met en danger une partie du quartier d'Ennasr, Borj Turki, el Milha et surtout la forêt préservé d'Ennahli, poumon du gouvernorat de l'Ariana.
1st year lecture 2 british institutions 2018Elhem Chniti
This lecture is an introduction to British institutions. It covers the following topics:
Britain's uncodified constitution
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Lecture 9 american social protection and welfare 2016Elhem Chniti
This lecture proposes an overview of the American welfare policy. It covers the different insurance schemes and the latest developments including Obamacare and Trump's proposed reforms.
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This document provides a historical overview of immigration to the United States. It discusses the successive waves of European immigration from the 16th to 19th centuries from countries like Spain, France, England, Germany, and Ireland. In the late 19th century, there was a large influx of immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe which led to nativist sentiment and policies restricting immigration. The document also outlines push/pull factors for immigration and debates around illegal immigration and exclusion policies targeting specific ethnic groups.
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This is the introductory lecture of American civlization classes for 1st year students of English at ISLN.
It presents the founding myths and value of the USA
This document appears to be a grading sheet for a 1st year civics quiz given by Dr. Sayah. It lists students' names, their quiz scores out of 10 for question 1, their total scores out of 35, and some students who are marked with a # or A at the end of their names. The grades range from 2 to 10 for question 1 and 9 to 35 for the total scores. It provides an overview of how different students in various classes performed on this civics quiz.
1st year lecture 4 ethnicities, minorities and immigragion 2017 full lectureElhem Chniti
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1st year lecture 2 british institutions finalElhem Chniti
This lecture is devoted to the British Political system. It explains basic notions like the division of powers, the role of the monarchy, the bi-cameral system, and major political parties in the US.
This is the last lecture of the British Civilisation program. It covers the origins and developments of the welfare system, as well as current issues in health, education and other social programs.
1st year lecture 6 education in the UKElhem Chniti
This lecture covers the education system in the UK (mainly England & Wales)
The various steps of education from primary schools to universities as well as the related social and political issues are explained.
1st year lecture 5 religion and the church in the UKElhem Chniti
This is the fifth lecture on Religion and the Church in the UK. It covers various aspects of religious diversity, and religious freedom in the UK as well as the birth of the Anglican Church
1st year lecture 3 social class october 2016Elhem Chniti
The document discusses social class and social mobility in British society. It defines social class as groups within a society that share economic status, often defined by occupation, education, income, and manners. The British social class system is traditionally divided into three main groups: the upper class of inherited wealth and aristocracy, the middle class of professionals and business owners, and the lower or working class of agricultural/industrial laborers. Social mobility refers to an individual's ability to change social class status, but Britain has low social mobility, with parents' earnings and education levels strongly influencing their children's outcomes.
1st year lecture 4 ethnicities, minorities and immigragion 2015Elhem Chniti
This is the 4th lecture in British civilization presented in the two last sessions. It provides an overview of British multi-cultural society highlighting both British reception of immigrants, and the différences between the ethnic groups.
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This is the 3rd lecture for ISLN 3rd year students of English, part of the civilization course on the British empire. The focus here is on the Revolutionary war from the British point of view. Students discuss the impact of the loss of the 13 colonies on the 1st British Empire
cottage industry in pre industrial britainElhem Chniti
This is the 3rd lecture in British history (18th through 19th century)
The lecture's focus is on preindustrial Britain. The cottage system, with its social and economic impacts is discussed, and students debate the question whether domestic industry served as a transition to the industrial revolution.
1st year lecture 2016 british institutions Elhem Chniti
This is the second lecture in British civilization. It presents the division of powers and political organization in the UK. A section is devoted to Monarchy, its role and its power.
This document is a correction guide for an exam on American civilization given in May 2016 at the Superior Institute of Languages in Nabeul, Tunisia. It provides the questions and answers about a speech given by John F. Kennedy called "I Believe in an America Where the Separation of Church and State is Absolute." The speech addressed why his Catholic faith required an explanation during his campaign due to historical anti-Catholic sentiment. It also analyzed why religious freedom was enshrined in the American Constitution despite a dominant Protestant population. The document then describes a political cartoon from after 9/11 promoting unity among all Americans, including Muslims.
Assessment and Planning in Educational technology.pptxKavitha Krishnan
In an education system, it is understood that assessment is only for the students, but on the other hand, the Assessment of teachers is also an important aspect of the education system that ensures teachers are providing high-quality instruction to students. The assessment process can be used to provide feedback and support for professional development, to inform decisions about teacher retention or promotion, or to evaluate teacher effectiveness for accountability purposes.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
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This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
3. Legislative
Carried out by Congress
New national laws
Modify existing ones
Federal taxing and spending
Coin money
Declare war on other countries
Oversee the executive branch of government
4. Capitol in Washington, D.C
Congress
Bicameral
body:
House of
Representatives
Senate
5. Two chambers of Congress
House of
Representatives
Lower house
Proportion to
population
Two-year terms
435 members
Senate
Upper house
Each state 2 senators
(regardless of population)
Six-year terms
100 members
The Legislative
6. Two chambers of Congress
House of Representatives
Power of impeachement
Senate
Deliberative, prestigious (longer
terms, smaller size)
Approves Cabinet members and
Supreme Court justices
8. “Most powerful man on Earth”
Characteristics
Head of executive
branch
Head of state
Commander in chief of
the military
Chief diplomat
Duties
Negotiates international
treaties
Signs or vetoes bills
Appoints members of the
Cabinet, Supreme Court &
ambassadors
Pardons for federal offences
The President
9. Political parties
Two-party system
Republican Party (1854)
and Democratic Party (1824)
“Red states” won by Republican party
“Blue states” won by Democratic
10. Ideologies
Republican Party
Pro free markets and
individual
achievement
Against universal
health care
Democratic Party
Favored farmers, laborers
and religious and ethnic
minorities
Against unregulated
business and finance
Interventionism
SOCIALLY LIBERAL,
ECONOMICALLY CONSERVATIVE
11. Symbols/General Beliefs
Democrats: Liberal: Avoid having
extremely rich and extremely poor.
Republicans: Conservative: Free market, let
wealth distribute naturally.
13. Poll: Are you Republican or Democrat?
Do you agree that governement should:
A (agree) D (disagree)
1. Take care of poor people
2. Reduce income inequality
3. Guarantee a basic income.
4. Make you pay more taxes
5. Provide more health care
6. Grant the right to
abortion
7. Allow gay marriage
8. Prohibit guns &
weapons
9. Abolish death penalty
10. Accept all illegal
immigrants
14. Republican vs. Democrat
Small Government
Lower Taxes
National Security
Family Values
Favor 2nd Amendment
Free Market Capitalism
Pro-Life
Large Government
Higher Taxes
Individual Rights
Gay Rights
Gun Control
Environmental Issues
Pro-Choice
15. Economic Policy
Democrats: Tax the
rich more and tax the
middle and lower class
less.
Republicans: Tax
everyone as little as
possible. Flat tax rate
for all.
16. Health Care
Democrats: government regulation and oversight of the
health care system, to make health care accessible to
everyone.
Republicans: less government involvement in the industry
17. Social programs
Democrats: government
responsible for welfare,
unemployment benefits, food
stamps, and Medicaid to
support people in need.
Republicans acknowledge
need, but favor less funding
and tighter control +
supporting private
organizations.
18. Education
Democrats :Common Core System and giving students
more money in the form of loans and grants
Republicans: longer hours and more focused programs
and promoting the private sector giving loans and not
the government.
19. Social Issues
Democrats: Favor abortion and gay marriage.
Republicans: Oppose abortion and gay
marriage.
20. Death Penalty
Democrats: Death penalty only when 100%
necessary
Republicans: death penalty lessens crime rates
21. Gun Control
Republicans: oppose all gun control or anti-
hunting provisions
Democrats: In the past, supported gun control.
Now, share the same beliefs as Republicans.
22. Illegal Immigration
Republicans: Illegals must leave, stricter border
control
Democrats: They can stay, this is how America
was built
23. Foreign Policy
Republicans: full military effort to displace regimes
that are totalitarian and detrimental to their interests
Democrats: targeted strikes and limited use of
American soldiers
24. History
1856 Birth of the Republican
Party
From 1860 through 1932
Republicans control White
House
From 1932 to 1968 Democrats
1968 to 2008 Republicans
25. Famous Members
Democrats: Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR), John F.
Kennedy (JFK)
Republicans: Ronald Reagan, George Bush ( W and
HW)
26. History
Contemporary Party
Republican Ascendance?
1968 to 2017 Republicans control
White House for all except:
Carter (1976-1980)
Clinton (1992-2000)
Obama (2009- 2016)