Mechanical properties of polymer composite materialseSAT Journals
Abstract In this paper, composite materials and its properties are discussed in detail. It is also discussed their importance and replacement for metals because of their properties like low weight, corrosion resistance etc. Now-a-days, there is a great importance of usage of these materials in various applications in all Engg. Fields. The paper also brings out the manufacturing techniques and costs involved.
Applications of Advanced Composite Materials in ConstructionSteven Tyler
Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composite materials are being used predominately by military and aerospace industries. However, the growing use of advance composite materials in civil construction warrant a special mention.
Mechanical properties of polymer composite materialseSAT Journals
Abstract In this paper, composite materials and its properties are discussed in detail. It is also discussed their importance and replacement for metals because of their properties like low weight, corrosion resistance etc. Now-a-days, there is a great importance of usage of these materials in various applications in all Engg. Fields. The paper also brings out the manufacturing techniques and costs involved.
Applications of Advanced Composite Materials in ConstructionSteven Tyler
Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composite materials are being used predominately by military and aerospace industries. However, the growing use of advance composite materials in civil construction warrant a special mention.
What is a Fiber?
Why are Fibres are used?
What is Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC)?
Steel fibers
Glass Fibers
Carbon Fiber
Cellulose Fiber
Polypropylene Fibers
Synthetic fibers
NATURAL FIBERS
Factors affecting the Properties of FRC
CLASSIFICATION OF POLYMERS.
Repair and Retrofit on Beam and Column Jointsamerald24
A research experiment has been conducted on the structural performance of repaired minor damaged reinforced concrete beam and column Joints using composite known as CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer) under simulated cyclic 2D loadings to find the practical lamination repair scheme for flexural strengthening, shear strengthening, and joint strengthening.
Fiber reinforced concrete - Fibers types and properties, Behavior of FRC in compression, tension including pre-cracking stage and post-cracking stages, behavior in flexure and shear.
High-Volume Fly Ash Concrete: According to some researchers, more than 30% fly ash by mass (equivalent as 50% by volume) of the cementitious material may be considered enough to classify the mixtures as High-Volume Fly Ash (HVFA) concrete. It is possible to produce sustainable, high performance concrete mixtures with 50% or more cement replacement by fly ash.
This presentation elucidates the seismic behaviour of beam-column joint and some methods to improve the resistance of beam-column joints to seismic loads to avoid disasters.
What is a Fiber?
Why are Fibres are used?
What is Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC)?
Steel fibers
Glass Fibers
Carbon Fiber
Cellulose Fiber
Polypropylene Fibers
Synthetic fibers
NATURAL FIBERS
Factors affecting the Properties of FRC
CLASSIFICATION OF POLYMERS.
Repair and Retrofit on Beam and Column Jointsamerald24
A research experiment has been conducted on the structural performance of repaired minor damaged reinforced concrete beam and column Joints using composite known as CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer) under simulated cyclic 2D loadings to find the practical lamination repair scheme for flexural strengthening, shear strengthening, and joint strengthening.
Fiber reinforced concrete - Fibers types and properties, Behavior of FRC in compression, tension including pre-cracking stage and post-cracking stages, behavior in flexure and shear.
High-Volume Fly Ash Concrete: According to some researchers, more than 30% fly ash by mass (equivalent as 50% by volume) of the cementitious material may be considered enough to classify the mixtures as High-Volume Fly Ash (HVFA) concrete. It is possible to produce sustainable, high performance concrete mixtures with 50% or more cement replacement by fly ash.
This presentation elucidates the seismic behaviour of beam-column joint and some methods to improve the resistance of beam-column joints to seismic loads to avoid disasters.
Fiber Reinforced Polymer (Frp) Composites Rebar Steven Tyler
Mission - Promote the use and growth of FRP reinforcement (rebar, tendons & grids) in concrete and masonry applications through development of quality procedures, industry specifications, performance standards, and field application guidelines.
http://www.bpcomposites.com/
BP composites develops and produce TUF-BAR composites, Fibreglass Rebar, Rock Bolt and Form Ties in both Canada and United State.
For more information visit : www.bpcomposites.com
Solar latest jmv products and services information with seci specication sola...Mahesh Chandra Manav
JMV LPS all about best practice of Electrical Equipment Instalations and safety of products Solar PV and Power Evacuation Systems(Developers/Solar EPC/Electrical Contractor/eBOP Engineering Team/CCTV/Fire and Safety/Weather Monitoring SCADA ,Consultants ,SECI/MNRE/Govt PSU,State Renewable ,Power Distribution ,Transmission,Generation under IPDS and DDUGJY Scheme Roof Top Project ,Solar Pumps Projects
Electrical safety presentation by jmv railway and invitation ireee2019 at ...Mahesh Chandra Manav
JMV LPS LTD RDSON Approve Product Manufacturing for Indian Railway and Follow NBC2016 International IEEE80,IEC 62305 .
Kindly Visit our Stall #2 at IREEE2019 Place AERO CITY Gurgoan Date 22-24th Oct 2019.
Very useful Exhibition for Railway's Traction Power Supply, Station Building Infra , Signal and Telecom , Building Automation and Ticket Fare Collection and Access Control Systems,
Railway Board ,RDSO,RVNL., RITES,Railtel ,IRCON,CORE, Camtec(RDSO), DFCC,NHRCL, Metro Rail Project Authority in India , NCRTC, Railway Product OEM and EPC Companies.
State Railway Infrastructure Development Corporation Ltd, Station Building Development , Indian Port Railway Development Corporation and Consultants for Railway Infra AECOM,EGIS India,AYESA,LKT India , Systra India, Louise Berger ,AARVEE Consultants many More
First-of-its-kind in the world Composite (GRP) Railway platforms, stairways, claddings and retention solutions.
Composite (GRP) Railway Stations and Solutions score over traditional materials in many ways:
Longer service life since they are heavy duty.
Faster project completion, as they are lightweight and easy to install.
Minimal passenger disruption and inconvenience due to faster installation.
Negligible to minimal maintenance required, as they don’t chip, break or crack easily.
Highest passenger safety as they have high slip resistance, non-conductive, etc.
Excellent for coastal areas as they are non-corrosive.
Resistances to wide range of chemicals, UV resistant and retain colour and look over the long term.
The product has been described as “game changing” by industry insiders and has won multiple awards.
Detailed Power point presentation on Implementation of 4 lane Cable Stayed Road over bridge at Bardhman- a future fast track model for construction over busy and longer Railway yards in India
oin Heba Ahmed and Drew Willms for Soil Steel Structures & End Treatments – Design Basics. The presenters will begin with an overview of the benefits of buried plate structures and will then go over design basics, coating options, shapes and custom fittings. They will finish up with reviewing the necessity of, and best practices in, end-treatment selection.
Various soil steel structures will be highlighted including Bridge-Plate, Multi-Plate, Bin-Wall and Sheeting as well as different wall materials used as end treatments.
Who Should Attend
Bridge / Structural Engineers
Road & Transportation Engineers
Road Superintendents
Provincial Departments of Transport
Earthworks & Highways Contractors
Mining Contractors
Mining Engineers
Municipal Engineers
Forestry Contractors
What You'll Learn
Benefits and applications of buried plate structures
Design considerations
Choosing the right coating for the project application
End treatment options and selection criteria
Review of case studies and applications across Canada
There was a Bridge 2018 Conference on Innovative Technologies of Bridges organised by IIBE at Lucknow. During the conference held on 25.05.18 this paper was presented by Rajesh Prasad, ED Metro RVNL.
There was a Bridge 2018 Conference on Innovative Technologies of Bridges organised by IIBE at Lucknow. During the conference held on 25.05.18 this paper was presented by Rajesh Prasad, ED Metro RVNL.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
2. OUTLINE
i. Why Corrosion is a problem & Typical examples
ii. What is an alternative solution (use GFRP Bar)
iii. Mechanical & physical properties of MST-BAR™
iv. Main advantages of MST-BAR™ over Black Steel
v. Approvals & Certificates
vi. Codes, Designs & Standards
vii. Typical Applications
viii. Cost Analysis
ix. MST-BAR™ Physical Properties Test Results
3. • Why Corrosion is a problem?
What justifies the use of MST-BAR™ in today's infrastructures
• Governments & Taxpayers can no longer afford to pay concurrently for replacing,
maintenance and expansion of infrastructure
• Corrosion is a dangerous and extremely costly problem and is draining the economy
silently
• Safety of infrastructures can become problematic when subjected to harsh
environmental conditions
• Steel is an old material, it’s great but often does not fit some applications!
9. Stress-Strain Curves
Steel’s maximum stress level is 500MPa and GFRP is above 1000MPa for the same
diameter. That is twice the load capacity of steel.
11. Fatigue Comparison GFRP/CFRP/STEEL
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
100 1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000
No. of Cycles (Nos.)
CrackWidth(mm)
Comparison of GFRP, CFRP and STEEL Reinforced Slabs
Cycles to
Failure
@ 60 t
23,162
198,863
Cycles
420,684
Cycles
Failur
e@ 60 t
23,162
Cycles
STEEL
Punching Shear
Failure Mode
STEELSTEEL
CFRP
GFRP
Fatigue under 60 t LoadFatigue under 60 t Load Punching Shear
Failure Mode
STEEL
GFRP
CFRP
12. Zero corrosion: 100% resistance to any & all harsh environmental factors, No rusting
High chemical resistance: Impervious to salt and other chemical attacks
High tensile strength: 2 x stronger than steel with tensile strength of 1000MPa
Light weight: 4 x (i.e. 73%) lighter than steel, (2100 Kg/m3 vs.7800 Kg/m3), Ease of transportation
Long life span: over 100 years life span (GFRP) vs 25 years (Black Steel)
High fatigue life: 20 x higher resistance under cyclic loading (440,000 cycle vs. 40,000 cycle)
Non Conductive, & Non-Electromagnetic: Ideal for high electrical field, e.g. power stations
Non Magnetic: Ideal for hospitals, MRI rooms, laboratories & other uses
Radar Transparent: ideal for Airport
Low thermal conductivity: Makes it suitable for use in hot and cold environments, power plants
Low thermal expansion: Very low thermal expansion factor results in compatibility with concrete
High bonding strength: Much greater bonding strength to concrete (20 Mpa)
Ease of cutting & handling: Faster & cheaper installation and site handling
Fire rated: Capacity to stand for more than 3 hours in direct fire with minimum concrete cover
Sustainable to environment: Environmentally friendly, less Green House Gases while transporting
High durability & performance: No maintenance required, No additional project cost, Major savings
Min. concrete cover: requires minimum concrete cover i.e. 38mm, (2 ½ x less cracking of concrete)
Detection by GPR : Easily detected by GPR
No waterproofing: For bridge decks, unique saving for future
Advantages of MST-BAR™ Over Steel Rebar
13. Advantages of MST-BAR™ Over Steel Rebar
CONCLUSION:
MST-BAR® it is proven for its long-term saving with life of over 100 years
vs Black steel of 25 years
MST-BAR® with its proven higher performance not only will not add
additional costs to the project; it will certainly result in major savings
14. Approvals
American Concrete Institution (ACI-440.3)
ASTM D7957
Canadian Standard Association (CSA-S807)
ISO 9001:2008 Quality Control BSI-British Standard Institution
MTO qualified for Grade III(DSM)
FDOT Approved GFRP manufacturing plant
15. Canadian Design Guide for use of GFRP Bar
Canada -Highway Bridge Design Code Canada – FRP design guide
16. USA Design Guide for use of GFRP Bar
AASHTO design guide ACI design guide
17. Standards & Codes
International
ASTM D7957-17 “Standard Specification for Solid Round Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Bars for Concrete
Reinforcement”
Canada
CAN/CSA-S807 (R2015) “Specification for fibre-reinforced polymers” Canadian Standards Association
CAN/CSA-S6-06 (2006) Fibre Reinforced Structures, “Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code” Canadian Standards
Association, pg.693-728
CAN/CSA-S806-02 (R2007) “Design and Construction of Building Components with Fibre-Reinforced Polymers” Canadian
Standards Association
The Structural Innovation & Monitoring Technologies Resource Centre (SIMTReC):
Manual No. 3 (Version 2) ”Reinforcing Concrete Structures with Fibre Reinforced Polymers (FRPs)”, Dr. Sami Rizkalla, Dr.
Aftab Mufti
Manual No. 4 “Strengthening Reinforced Concrete Structures with Externally-Bonded Fibre Reinforced Polymers (FRPs)”,
Dr. Kenneth Neale
Manual No. 5 ”Prestressing Concrete Structures with FRPs” Dr. Ivan Campbell
USA
ACI 440.1R-06 (2006) ”Report on Fiber Reinforced Poly. (FRP) Reinforcement for Concrete Structures”, ACI Committee
440, American Concrete Institute
ACI 440R-07 (2007) ”Report on Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Reinforcement for Concrete Structures” ACI Committee
440, American Concrete Institute
ACI 440.5-08 (2008) ”Specification for Construction with Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Reinforcing Bar” ACI Committee 440,
American Concrete Institute
ACI 440.6-08 (2008) “Specification for Carbon and Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Bar Materials for Concrete
Reinforcement,” ACI Committee 440, American Concrete Institute
AASHTO GFRP-1 (2019) ” AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Guide Specifications for GFRP-Reinforced Concrete Bridge
Decks and Traffic Railings”, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
18. Applications
Bridge Decks & infrastructures, Transportation, Highway paving
Road side Barriers, Bridge parapets, Paving, Concrete slabs
Precast structural elements; e.g. deck panels, culverts, piles, columns, Pipe rings
Retaining walls, Box culverts
Marine & waterfront Structures, e.g. seawalls, docks, ports, dams, coastal etc.
Tunneling; e.g. TBM ring precast segments; Soft eye
LRT’s & Heavy Rail (electrical mitigations), rail traverse (plinth) 100% GFRP Bars
Structural Strengthening & rehabilitation, bridge Deck replacement
Waste water treatment plants
Multi-story RC Parkades slabs
Nuclear Power Plants & Electrical power plants & Chemical Plants
MRI Rooms & Hospitals
Airport runway
Mining
19. Typical applications for use of GFRP Bars
Bridge Decks Power Plant
Marine & Waterfront Structures
Tunneling (Soft eye)
Hospitals & MRI Rooms
29. Cost Study: BLACK STEEL
Chloride ions, moisture and salts will penetrate through the membrane and begin
corroding its top reinforcement
CONCLUSION: 25 years after the road construction, its asphalt surface will have
to be rehabilitated, the membrane would require replacement and the upper
reinforcement would corrode needing to be replaced. Considering the life span of
MST-BAR® at well over 100 years, the savings that it brings to any and all
construction projects is undoubtedly substantial.
Deck with use of Black Steel Rebar
30. Reducing Your Corrosion Protection by MST-BAR
When using MST-BAR the following protection can be removed by
CSA Code
Membrane
Reducing concrete cover from 70mm to 40mm
Removing C.N.I.
Reducing or Removing Asphalt completely
With Steel With MST-BAR
31. COST SAVINGS OF MST-BAR™
Transportation Costs, 4 times lower due to its 73% lighter weight
Minimum required concrete cover, 38mm for bars #2 -5 and 50mm for bars #6 -8,
(the regular steel bar concrete requires 65mm)
Increase in labor performance and less fatigue for labors during placing the bar
result in faster installation
MST-BAR® price with its proven higher performance will not add any extra cost to
the project however it will result in saving.
40-60% less expensive than stainless steel rebar while MST-BAR® has much higher
performance than the most expensive Stainless-Steel
No water proofing membrane, a unique cost-saving feature
NEVER Epoxy coat paint, re-patch the concrete or replace the rusted bars is no
longer needed
MST-BAR, does not required any maintenance
32. Initial Cost Comparison
Black Steel Galvanized/E
poxy Coated
Stainless-
Steel
MST-BAR
Size #5(16mm) #5(16mm) #5(16mm) #5(16mm)
Corrosion
Resistance
Extremely weak
in corrosive
environment
weak in corrosive
environment
Very Good in
corrosive
environment
Excellent in
corrosive
environment
Strength 450 MPa 450 MPa 500MPa >1000MPa
Weight 7850 kg/m3 7850 kg/m3 8400 kg/m3 2100 kg/m3
Corrosion
protection
options
requirement
MUST MUST Optional Optional
Price $1.57/m-
Not installed
$2.82/m -
installed
$2.9/m-
Not installed
$3.77/m
installed
$9.5/m
Not installed
$12.56/m
installed
$3.1 /m to $4/m
Not installed
$4/m
installed
Required maintenance every 15-20
years
>75 years >100 years
33. Typical Initial Cost of Slab with 6.5m length
With Black Steel With MST-BAR
Unit Cost Per Slab
Concrete
with
inhibitor
250$/m3 406$
Formwork 120$/m2 780$
Topping
60$/m2
Membrane
+35$/m2
Asphalt
618
rebar
1850
$/Tons
260
Sub Total 1804 Note: All the prices are
Including installation
Unit Cost
Per
Slab
Concrete
with no
inhibitor
220$/m3 315$
Formwork 120$/m2 780$
Topping
Single Membrane:
25$/m2
Asphalt Optional
150$
rebar #5 @ 3.1$/m 578$
Sub Total 1823
Required maintenance
after 10-15 years
Doesn’t Required major maintenance
for over 75 years
34. • MST-BAR™ - Advantages For Fabricators?
Why use of MST-BAR™ in today's infrastructures
1. MST Bar FRP Manufacturing strong relation with our customer
2. Working hand to hand & in parallel with our customer during estimation
to ensure the minimum error
3. Engineering and Testing Report
4. No Minimum quantity!
5. Any size and shape available
6. Ease of handling & installation because of fully ribbed profile
7. Competitive and Flexible pricing
8. Strong QC/QA program
9. Many years of experience in composite industry
35. BENT MST-BAR™
All sizes of bent MST-BAR may be
produced only in the production
plant and not at the construction
site, in a specifically dedicated
machinery, with an entirely different
process in accordance with the
engineering specifications &
drawings.
35