This document provides a grammar summary covering the following topics in 3 sentences or less per section: 1. Articles - the definite and indefinite articles a/an and the. 2. Nouns - singular and plural forms, including spelling rules. 3. Quantity questions - using how many for plural nouns and how much for money. 4. Demonstrative pronouns - this, that, these, those and their singular and plural forms. 5. Present simple tense - affirmative and negative forms for I, you, we, they. 6. Adjectives - order of adjectives and use of quite and very. 7. Asking about

1. Grammar file 2 English File 1
1 Articles 4 this / that / these / those
s There are only two articles in English: a / an and the.
a / an (indefinite article)
a cassette.
bag.
It’s
an office.
umbrella.
s Use a / an + a singular noun.
s Use an + vowels (a, e, i, o, u).
s Use a / an + jobs. I’m a doctor.  I’m doctor.
the (definite article)
s Use this / that + a singular noun.
s Use these / those + plural nouns.
5 Present simple: I / you / we / they
s
+ s
–
I
the /D@/ door / windows. You
Open speak English. I (etc.) don’t speak Italian.
the /Di;/ envelope / umbrellas. We
They
Use the + singular and plural nouns.
s
s Say /Di;/ for the + vowels.
s
? s
✗
Yes, do.
Do you (etc.) speak German? I (etc.)
2 Nouns No, don’t.
Contraction don’t = do not
Singular Plural Spelling
a book books s The verb is the same for I, you, we, and they.
+s
an engineer engineers s Use do / don’t (= the auxiliary) in short answers.
Do you like tea? Yes, I do.  Yes, I like.
Also
a watch watches /Iz/
6 Adjectives (2)
+ es (after -ch, -sh, -s, -x, -z)
a fax faxes quite
I’m / You’re (etc.) tired.
a country countries (not) very
consonant + y ➝ ies
a city cities
s quite and (not) very go before the adjective.
s Use -s, -es, and -ies to make plurals.
s Don’t use a / an + plural nouns. 7 Age
They’re books.  They’re a books.
‘How old are you?’ ‘I’m twenty-nine (years old).’
3 How much …? / How many …? s Use verb be + age.  I have twenty-nine.
‘How many sandwiches?’ ‘Four, please.’
‘How much is that?’ ‘It’s twelve dollars.’
s Use How many ...? + plural nouns.
s Use How much ...? + money.
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2. Grammar check 2 English File I
1 a Articles Complete with a or an. 4 this / that / these / those Complete.
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1 an airport Singular Plural
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2 dog 1 That’s a fax. Those are faxes.
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3 egg 2 is good. These pizzas are good.
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4 hamburger
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3 Is this your key? your keys?
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5 snake 4 Do you like those
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6 year jacket? jackets?
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7 Italian film 5 Are those seats free?
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free?
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8 Chinese restaurant
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6 How old’s that boy? How old
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9 important phone number
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?
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b Complete with a / an or the.
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1 Can I have a piece of paper, please? 5 Present simple Write the negatives.
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2 Please look at the board.
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3 They speak little Japanese.
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4 What does he do? He’s actor.
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1 I work. I don’t work.
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5 Have nice day!
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2 I know. I .
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6 A is first letter of English alphabet.
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3 We like football. We .
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7 What’s this in English? It’s apple.
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4 They play tennis. They .
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8 Where’s stress? Apple.
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5 I speak Russian. I .
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2 Nouns Write the plural. 6 You understand. You .
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Singular Plural
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6 Questions / Short answers Complete with
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1 a bus buses
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do / don’t or verb be.
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2 a language
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1 Do you study French? No, I don’t.
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3 a computer 2 Are you married? No, we aren’t.
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4 a city
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3 they work here? Yes, they .
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5 a horse
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4 your friends like Chinese food? No,
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6 a sandwich
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they .
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7 a tree 5 she South American? No, she .
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8 a monkey
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6 he happy? Yes, he .
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9 a bird
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7 that your bag? No, it .
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8 you want to learn English? Yes, I .
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3 How much …? / How many …? Complete.
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1 How much is fifty pounds in US dollars? 7 quite / (not) very Write the sentences. Use
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2 biscuits do you want? contractions.
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1 cold we quite are We’re quite cold.
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3 students are in your class?
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2 they thirsty not are very
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4 is a coffee and a large coke?
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3 very are hungry you ?
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4 hot it quite is
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5 is tired very he ?
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© Oxford University Press