The document discusses the fight or flight response, which is the body's reaction to perceived dangerous situations. When sensing danger, the body releases adrenaline which increases heart rate, breathing, energy to muscles, and other effects to prepare the body to either stay and fight or flee from the threat. This reaction is an automatic stress response meant for survival. Common fears include monsters, darkness, and heights. Phobias are intense, irrational fears that develop from frightening encounters.