The document provides an overview of fiber media converters, devices that connect dissimilar media types by converting electrical signals used in copper cabling to light waves in fiber optic cabling. It explores various types of converters, including managed versus unmanaged, stand-alone versus modular chassis-based, and details specific applications for copper-to-fiber and fiber-to-fiber converters. Additionally, the paper highlights selection criteria for choosing appropriate converters to enhance network efficiency and reduce costs.

1. WHITE PAPER
Fiberstore (FS.COM) | Fiber Media Converter Tutorial
Fiber media converter is a cost-effective solution to overcome the bandwidth and distance
limitations of traditional network cable. It dramatically increases the bandwidth and transmission
distance of the local area network (LAN) by allowing the use of fiber and integrating new equipment
into existing cabling infrastructure. To better understand it, this article will give an overview of fiber
media converter.
What’s Fiber Media Converter
Fiber media converter is a transfer media that connects two dissimilar media types. Generally, it is a
device that converts electrical signal used in copper unshielded twisted paired (UTP) network
cabling into light waves used in fiber optic cabling, and vice versa. This kind of fiber media converter
is called copper-to-fiber media converter that provides a simple way to introduce fiber into a LAN
without tearing out the existing copper wiring or making changes to copper-based switches.
Furthermore, there is another kind of fiber media converter that supports fiber-to-fiber conversion,
which provides connections between dual-fiber and single-fiber or between multimode fiber and
single-mode fiber. Fiber-to-fiber media converters also provide a cost-effective solution for
wavelength conversion in Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) applications, which are also
known as transponders.
Types of Fiber Media Converters
There are a wide variety of fiber media converters available in the market. According to different
criteria, fiber media converters may be classified into different types.
Managed VS Unmanaged
The managed fiber media converter has the functions of networking monitoring, fault detection and
remote management. It helps the network administrator to easily monitor and management the
network. An unmanaged fiber media converter, however, allows for simple communication with
other devices and does not have the monitoring and management functions that managed fiber
media converter has.
Fiber Media Converter
Tutorial

2. WHITE PAPER
Fiberstore (FS.COM) | Fiber Media Converter Tutorial
Platform: Stand-Alone VS Modular Chassis-Based
According to the platform type, fiber media converters can be divided into stand-alone fiber media
converter and modular chassis-based fiber media converter. Stand-alone fiber media converters are
designed to be used in where a single or limited number of converter(s) need(s) to be quickly
implemented. Modular chassis-based fiber media converters, however, are used in high-density
applications that multiple points of copper and/or fiber integration are essential.
Copper-to-Fiber Media Converter VS Fiber-to-Fiber Media Converter
According to media types, fiber media converters may be classified into copper-to-fiber media
converter and fiber-to-fiber media converter.
Copper-to-Fiber Media Converter
Copper-to-fiber media converters are the key to integrating fiber into a copper infrastructure.
According to different applications, copper-to-fiber media converters may be further divided into
Ethernet copper-to-fiber media converters, video-to-fiber media converters and serial-to-fiber
media converters.
Ethernet Copper-to-Fiber Media Converter
This kind of fiber media converter supports the IEEE 802.3 standard and provides connectivity for
Ethernet, fast Ethernet, Gigabit and 10 Gigabit Ethernet devices. SC to RJ45 media converters, SFP
to RJ45 media converters, PoE media converters, mini media converters and industrial media
converters are all among this type.

3. WHITE PAPER
Fiberstore (FS.COM) | Fiber Media Converter Tutorial
 The SC to RJ45 media converter comes with RJ45 and SC ports, which is designed to be used
with fiber cable preterminated with the SC-type connector.
 The SFP to RJ45 media converter comes with RJ45 and pluggable fiber optics ports, which
allows for flexible network configurations using SFP transceivers.
 PoE media converters can transparently connect copper to fiber while providing
Power-over-Ethernet (PoE) to standards-based PoE compliant devices such as IP cameras, VoIP
phones and wireless access points.
 Mini media converter is a miniature-sized copper-to-fiber converter. It is ideal for bringing fiber
to the desktop and for mobile applications where light weight, compact size and low power are
required.
 Industrial media converters are compact and robust devices designed to convert Gigabit
Ethernet or Fast Ethernet networks into Gigabit or Ethernet fiber optic networks.
Video Copper-to-Fiber Media Converter
Video copper-to-fiber media converter also called fiber optic multiplexer, which is used to transmit
and receive signals such as video, audio, data and Ethernet. fiber optic multiplexers are devices that
process two or more light signals through a single optical fiber (as shown in the following figure),
increasing the amount of information that can be carried through a network. Since signals may be
analog or digital, video copper-to-fiber can be further divided into converters transmitting analog
signals and converters transmitting digital signals. As the name applies, converters transmitting
analog signals give amplitude or frequency modulation of the electric signal and then convert it into
optical signal. Demodulation will also be done at the receiving end. Converters transmitting digital
signals, however, digitize and multiplex the video, audio and data signals, transforming multiple
low-speed digital signals into one high-speed signal. This high speed signal will then be turned into
optical signal transmitting on a fiber.

4. WHITE PAPER
Fiberstore (FS.COM) | Fiber Media Converter Tutorial
In accordance with different applications, there are three commonly used video copper-to-fiber
media converters: plesiochronous digital hierarchy (PDH) multiplexers, synchronous digital hierarchy
(SDH) multiplexers and synchronous plesiochronous sigital hierarchy (SPDH) multiplexers. Using the
PDH fiber transmission technologies, PDH multiplexers are E1 point-to-point optical transport
equipment. And the general transmission capacity of this kind of multiplexer is 4E1，8E1 and 16E1.
SDH multiplexers, having a large transmission capacity, are designed to support end-to-end
provisioning and management of services across all segments of the optical network. SPDH
multiplexers adopt both PDH and SDH technologies. It is a PDH transmission system that based on
the PDH code speed adjustment principle at the same time, use as far as possible parts of the SDH
network technology.
Serial-to-Fiber Media Converter
This kind of media converter provides fiber extension for serial protocol copper connections. It
accepts serial data on one port in RS232, RS485 or other format and convert the serial data stream
into a fiber optic signal to a matching unit at the other end of the fiber span.

5. WHITE PAPER
Fiberstore (FS.COM) | Fiber Media Converter Tutorial
Fiber-to-Fiber Media Converter
Fiber-to-fiber media converters are used to extend network distance by providing connectivity
between multimode and single-mode fiber, between different“power”fiber sources and between
dual fiber and single-fiber. Furthermore, they also support conversion from one wavelength to
another. Mode converter and WDM OEO transponder are two common types of fiber-to-fiber
media converters.
Mode Converter
A mode converter can be used to allow for an adiabatic transition between two optical modes.
Other than cross-connecting different fiber types, mode converters can also re-generate optical
signals, extending transmission distance and double fiber cable usage. It is usually applied in
multi-mode to single-mode fiber conversion.
WDM OEO Transponder
When a fiber media converter is used in the WDM system, it is called WDM OEO transponder which
converts the incoming signal from the end or client device to a WDM wavelength. WDM OEO
transponders are often used for dual fiber to single fiber conversion and wavelength conversion.
Networks may require conversion between dual and single-fiber, depending in the type of

6. WHITE PAPER
Fiberstore (FS.COM) | Fiber Media Converter Tutorial
equipment and the fiber installed in the facility. The following figures shows the role of WDM
transponder played in the fiber optic network.
WDM OEO transponders are capable of wavelength conversion by using small form-factor pluggable
(SFP) transceivers that transmit different wavelengths, provide a cost-effective solution to convert
from standard optical wavelengths (850nm, 1310nm and 1550nm) of legacy equipment to optical
wavelengths specified for WDM networks.
Selection Guide of Fiber Media Converters
A proper fiber media converter may provide a cost-effective solution for extending Ethernet
transmission while reducing cable and labor cost. When selecting fiber media converters for your
network, the following points should be taken into consideration:
 The chip of the fiber media converter shall work in both full-duplex and half-duplex systems.
The reason is that some N-Way Switches and HUBs may use half-duplex mode operations, and
serious collision and data loss may be caused if the fiber media converter only supports
full-duplex operation.
 Connection test should be done between the fiber media converter and different optical fiber
splices. Otherwise, data loss and unstable transmission may happen on account of

7. WHITE PAPER
Fiberstore (FS.COM) | Fiber Media Converter Tutorial
incompatibility between different fiber media converters.
 To ensure the proper operation of the fiber media converter, temperature measurement is also
necessary. This is because the fiber media converter may not work correctly in
high-temperature environment. Thus, it is important to know exactly its working temperature.
 Safety device guarding against data loss shall be equipped in the fiber media converter.
 The fiber media converter shall meet the IEEE802.3 standards. If not, there must be a risk of
incompatibility.
Fiberstore Fiber Media Converter Solution
Fiberstore's media converter series support many different data communicationin protocols
including Ethernet, PDH E1, RS232/RS422/RS485, as well as multiple cabling types such as twisted
pair, multi-mode and single-mode fiber optics.
Fiber to RJ45
Converters
SFP Ethernet
Converters
OEO Converters Mode Converters
Managed Ethernet
Converters
Power over Ethernet
Products
PDH E1 & Serial
Converters
Fiber Video Converters

8. WHITE PAPER
Fiberstore (FS.COM) | Fiber Media Converter Tutorial
Contact Us
Manufacturing R & D (China)
Eastern Side, Second Floor, Science &
Technology Park, No.6, Keyuan Road,
Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518057,
China
Tel: +86 (755) 8300 3611
Fax: +86 (755) 8326 9395
Email: sales@fs.com
APAC Office (Hong Kong)
1220 Tung Chun Commercial Centre,
438-444 Shanghai Street, Kowloon,
Hong Kong
Tel: +852 81763606
Fax: +852 81763606
Email: sales@fs.com
North America (United States)
331 Andover Park East Ste330, Tukwila,
WA 98188,United States
Tel: +1-425-226-2035
Fax: +1-253-246-7881
Email: sales@fs.com
London Office (United Kingdom)
Third Floor 207 Regent Street, London,
W1B 3HH, United Kingdom
Tel: +44 2081441980
Notice: This document is for informational purposes only and does not set forth any warranty, expressed or
implied, concerning any equipment, equipment features, or service offered or to be offered by Fiberstore.
Fiberstore reserves the right to make changes to this document at any time, without notice, and assumes no
responsibility for its use. This information document describes features that may not be currently available.
Contact a Fiberstore sales team for information on feature and product availability.
Follow us
LinkedIn
Twitter
Facebook
G+
Pinterest
Youtube
Blog