El 29 de marzo de 2016 celebramos un Simposio Internacional sobre el 'Impacto de las ciencias ómicas en la medicina, nutrición y biotecnología'. Organizado por la Fundación Ramón Areces en colaboración con la Real Academia Nacional de Medicina y BioEuroLatina, abordó cómo un mejor conocimiento del genoma humano está permitiendo notables avances hacia una medicina de precisión.
Kumaryasava is an alcoholic Ayurvedic formulation prepared by the fermentation of Aloe vera. Flowers of Woodfordia fruticosa are added as inoculums for fermentation process.
Host-pathogen Interactions, Molecular Basis and Host Defense: Pathogen Detect...QIAGEN
Host–pathogen interactions are strikingly complex during infection. This slidedeck provides an overview of the molecular basis of these intricate interactions: the impact of microbiota on innate and adaptive immunity, metabolism, and insulin resistance and host defense mechanisms. Various research tools will be introduced to simplify and streamline each step of studying the host response, enabling detection of pathogens, analysis of gene expression and regulation, epigenetic modification, genotyping and signal transduction pathway activation.
Environmental Transmission of Antimicrobial ResistancePranab Chatterjee
This is the second lecture I took for the MPH students at the Indian Institute of Public Health, Delhi, as a part of the Environmental Health module. In this lecture I introduce the students to the basics of AMR and some common modes and routes of transmission of the same through the environment.
Kumaryasava is an alcoholic Ayurvedic formulation prepared by the fermentation of Aloe vera. Flowers of Woodfordia fruticosa are added as inoculums for fermentation process.
Host-pathogen Interactions, Molecular Basis and Host Defense: Pathogen Detect...QIAGEN
Host–pathogen interactions are strikingly complex during infection. This slidedeck provides an overview of the molecular basis of these intricate interactions: the impact of microbiota on innate and adaptive immunity, metabolism, and insulin resistance and host defense mechanisms. Various research tools will be introduced to simplify and streamline each step of studying the host response, enabling detection of pathogens, analysis of gene expression and regulation, epigenetic modification, genotyping and signal transduction pathway activation.
Environmental Transmission of Antimicrobial ResistancePranab Chatterjee
This is the second lecture I took for the MPH students at the Indian Institute of Public Health, Delhi, as a part of the Environmental Health module. In this lecture I introduce the students to the basics of AMR and some common modes and routes of transmission of the same through the environment.
Stephen A. Boyd, University Distinguished Professor, Crop and Soil Sciences; Hui Li, associate professor, Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences; Brian J. Teppen, professor, Crop and Soil Sciences; Wei Zhang, assistant professor, Plant Soil and Microbial Sciences;
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in N. gonorrhoeae (GC) - global problem but v...Игорь Шадеркин
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in N. gonorrhoeae (GC) - global problem but valid data are lacking in many geographic areas
Magnus Unemo, PhD, Assoc. Professor
Reference Laboratory for Pathogenic Neisseria
Department of Clinical Microbiology
Örebro University Hospital
Sweden
Phenotypic and Biotypic Characterization of Klebsiella oxytoca: An Impact of ...albertdivis
Klebsiella oxytoca (K. oxytoca) is a Gram-negative microbe generally associated with community and hospitalacquired infections. Due to its clinical significance, we evaluated the effect of biofield treatment on phenotype and biotype characteristics of K. oxytoca (ATCC 43165).
Novel Strategies for the Delivery of Antimicrobial Compounds into Bacterial C...Alva Smith
Large literature review with research into antibiotic resistance and ways in which we can hope to overcome resistance including: membrane active peptide, phage therapy and pyocin thereapy.
Answering the Call to Arms: Tools for assessing the anti-infective potential ...Cassandra Quave
This is a presentation delivered at the 16th Annual Conference on the Science of Botanicals and 5th Annual Interim American Society of Pharmacognosy Meeting from April 11-14, 2016 in Oxford, MS, USA.
Abstract:
Answering the Call to Arms: Tools for Assessing the Anti-infective Potential of Natural Products in a Time of Rising Antibiotic Resistance
Quave CL1,2
1 Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University, 550 Asbury Circle, Candler Library 107, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. 2 Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, 615 Michael Street, Whitehead 105L, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
As antibiotic resistance continues to rise, the pool of viable anti-infective therapeutic options is becoming rapidly exhausted. New therapies are in high demand and natural products are a likely source of novel bioactive compounds to meet this need. In particular, botanical secondary metabolites represent a rich pool for antibiotic discovery efforts. Plants are often the primary ingredients used in traditional anti-infective therapies, and yet their activity and mechanisms of action are often poorly understood. Much of the antibacterial research on botanical extracts and essential oils has focused on growth inhibitory studies using outdated methods limited in their ability to obtain an accurate assessment of bioactivity. The emergence of new molecular and bioanalytical tools for drug discovery provides a unique opportunity for application to natural products research.
Using Staphylococcus aureus as a model, tools for anti-infective testing of plant extracts will be reviewed, specifically focusing on the merits and limitations of each method. Examples include standardized methods for examining activity for the inhibition of growth (e.g., MIC, MBC), virulence (e.g., quorum sensing and toxin quantification) and pathogenesis (e.g., biofilms and antibiotic synergy). Data from our recent discoveries of novel biofilm [1] and quorum sensing [2,3] inhibitors isolated from medicinal plants (Rubus ulmifolius, Castanea sativa and Schinus terebinthifolius) will be presented in the review of these tools.
Acknowledgements: This work was supported by a grant from the National Institutes of Health, National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (R01 AT007052). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily reflect the official views of NCCIH or NIH.
References: [1] Quave CL, Estévez-Carmona M, et al. (2012) PLoS ONE, 7(1): e28737. [2] Quave CL, Lyles JT, et al. (2015) PLoS ONE, 10(8): e0136486. [3] Quave CL, Horswill AR (2014) Frontiers in Microbiology, 5: 706.
Application of molecular biology to conventional disease strategies ( M.Phil ...Satya Prakash Chaurasia
As resistance to disease in plants is genetically controlled, molecular tools like breeding resistant cultivars has been an intensively used approach for crop protection since near beginning of human civilization, the time when we did not know its molecular aspects. Even today, molecular biology is applied in multiple ways to control plant diseases. Some of which are breeding, tissue culture, marker assisted breeding, QTL- mapping, identification of novel resistance genes etc. With the commencement of advanced technologies in the recent past, we are now able to genetically modify a plant without wasting a lot of time and avoiding problems of sexual incompatibility which we encounter in breeding programs.
Edible vaccines hold great promise as a cost-effective, easy-to-administer, easy-to-store, fail-safe and socioculturally readily acceptable vaccine delivery system, especially for the poor developing countries. It involves introduction of selected desired genes into plants and then inducing these altered plants to manufacture the encoded proteins. Introduced as a concept about a decade ago, it has become a reality today. A variety of delivery systems have been developed. Initially thought to be useful only for preventing infectious diseases, it has also found application in prevention of autoimmune diseases, birth control, cancer therapy, etc. Edible vaccines are currently being developed for a number of human and animal diseases. There is growing acceptance of transgenic crops in both industrial and developing countries. Resistance to genetically modified foods may affect the future of edible vaccines. They have passed the major hurdles in the path of an emerging vaccine technology. Various technical obstacles, regulatory and non-scientific challenges, though all seem surmountable, need to be overcome. This review attempts to discuss the current status and future of this new preventive modality.
Alan Lesniewicz Memorial Lecture at UIC - July 2015Cassandra Quave
This is the keynote lecture given at the University of Illinois at Chicago Garden Walk event in the department of Pharmacognosy. The objectives of the talk were:
·Discuss the role of medical ethnobotany in drug discovery efforts
·Explore state-of-the-art research techniques that examine the activity of botanical natural products with next generation antibiotic discovery efforts focused on “alternative targets”, such as bacterial communication systems
·Provide examples of current research underway by her group both in the field (especially through fieldwork in the Mediterranean) and the lab (natural product research on multidrug resistant bacteria).
In June this year Darren Parris and I visited Novus in St Charles, Missouri, to celebrate their 25-year anniversary. Among the revelries (including a personal highlight of a Cardinals baseball match) we were invited to some insightful talks at the Novus Media Jam. One of these talks specifically concerned the Antibiotic Free Movement or ABF, where the ‘sub-therapeutic’ use of antibiotics and the many alternatives Novus offer were discussed.
Atlanta Botanical Garden Science Cafe: Medicines from Nature - 2014Cassandra Quave
In 2014, Dr. Quave presented a Science Cafe talk at Atlanta Botanical Gardens: "Medicines From Nature: Adventures of a Medical Ethnobotanist"
Abstract:
Ethnobotany is the study of human interactions with plants. It has perhaps been best defined as the science of survival as it involves the study of plants used in our daily lives for food, medicine, shelter, art, and much more. In this science café, Dr. Quave will discuss her research on medicinal plants for the treatment of infectious disease. From remote regions of the Amazon to volcanic islands in the Mediterranean and isolated mountains in the Balkans, Quave has conducted fieldwork in some of the most biologically diverse regions of the planet. She will share some of her adventures as a medical ethnobotanist and explain how traditional knowledge may be the key to the discovery of new life-saving medicines.
Stephen A. Boyd, University Distinguished Professor, Crop and Soil Sciences; Hui Li, associate professor, Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences; Brian J. Teppen, professor, Crop and Soil Sciences; Wei Zhang, assistant professor, Plant Soil and Microbial Sciences;
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in N. gonorrhoeae (GC) - global problem but v...Игорь Шадеркин
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in N. gonorrhoeae (GC) - global problem but valid data are lacking in many geographic areas
Magnus Unemo, PhD, Assoc. Professor
Reference Laboratory for Pathogenic Neisseria
Department of Clinical Microbiology
Örebro University Hospital
Sweden
Phenotypic and Biotypic Characterization of Klebsiella oxytoca: An Impact of ...albertdivis
Klebsiella oxytoca (K. oxytoca) is a Gram-negative microbe generally associated with community and hospitalacquired infections. Due to its clinical significance, we evaluated the effect of biofield treatment on phenotype and biotype characteristics of K. oxytoca (ATCC 43165).
Novel Strategies for the Delivery of Antimicrobial Compounds into Bacterial C...Alva Smith
Large literature review with research into antibiotic resistance and ways in which we can hope to overcome resistance including: membrane active peptide, phage therapy and pyocin thereapy.
Answering the Call to Arms: Tools for assessing the anti-infective potential ...Cassandra Quave
This is a presentation delivered at the 16th Annual Conference on the Science of Botanicals and 5th Annual Interim American Society of Pharmacognosy Meeting from April 11-14, 2016 in Oxford, MS, USA.
Abstract:
Answering the Call to Arms: Tools for Assessing the Anti-infective Potential of Natural Products in a Time of Rising Antibiotic Resistance
Quave CL1,2
1 Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University, 550 Asbury Circle, Candler Library 107, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. 2 Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, 615 Michael Street, Whitehead 105L, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
As antibiotic resistance continues to rise, the pool of viable anti-infective therapeutic options is becoming rapidly exhausted. New therapies are in high demand and natural products are a likely source of novel bioactive compounds to meet this need. In particular, botanical secondary metabolites represent a rich pool for antibiotic discovery efforts. Plants are often the primary ingredients used in traditional anti-infective therapies, and yet their activity and mechanisms of action are often poorly understood. Much of the antibacterial research on botanical extracts and essential oils has focused on growth inhibitory studies using outdated methods limited in their ability to obtain an accurate assessment of bioactivity. The emergence of new molecular and bioanalytical tools for drug discovery provides a unique opportunity for application to natural products research.
Using Staphylococcus aureus as a model, tools for anti-infective testing of plant extracts will be reviewed, specifically focusing on the merits and limitations of each method. Examples include standardized methods for examining activity for the inhibition of growth (e.g., MIC, MBC), virulence (e.g., quorum sensing and toxin quantification) and pathogenesis (e.g., biofilms and antibiotic synergy). Data from our recent discoveries of novel biofilm [1] and quorum sensing [2,3] inhibitors isolated from medicinal plants (Rubus ulmifolius, Castanea sativa and Schinus terebinthifolius) will be presented in the review of these tools.
Acknowledgements: This work was supported by a grant from the National Institutes of Health, National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (R01 AT007052). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily reflect the official views of NCCIH or NIH.
References: [1] Quave CL, Estévez-Carmona M, et al. (2012) PLoS ONE, 7(1): e28737. [2] Quave CL, Lyles JT, et al. (2015) PLoS ONE, 10(8): e0136486. [3] Quave CL, Horswill AR (2014) Frontiers in Microbiology, 5: 706.
Application of molecular biology to conventional disease strategies ( M.Phil ...Satya Prakash Chaurasia
As resistance to disease in plants is genetically controlled, molecular tools like breeding resistant cultivars has been an intensively used approach for crop protection since near beginning of human civilization, the time when we did not know its molecular aspects. Even today, molecular biology is applied in multiple ways to control plant diseases. Some of which are breeding, tissue culture, marker assisted breeding, QTL- mapping, identification of novel resistance genes etc. With the commencement of advanced technologies in the recent past, we are now able to genetically modify a plant without wasting a lot of time and avoiding problems of sexual incompatibility which we encounter in breeding programs.
Edible vaccines hold great promise as a cost-effective, easy-to-administer, easy-to-store, fail-safe and socioculturally readily acceptable vaccine delivery system, especially for the poor developing countries. It involves introduction of selected desired genes into plants and then inducing these altered plants to manufacture the encoded proteins. Introduced as a concept about a decade ago, it has become a reality today. A variety of delivery systems have been developed. Initially thought to be useful only for preventing infectious diseases, it has also found application in prevention of autoimmune diseases, birth control, cancer therapy, etc. Edible vaccines are currently being developed for a number of human and animal diseases. There is growing acceptance of transgenic crops in both industrial and developing countries. Resistance to genetically modified foods may affect the future of edible vaccines. They have passed the major hurdles in the path of an emerging vaccine technology. Various technical obstacles, regulatory and non-scientific challenges, though all seem surmountable, need to be overcome. This review attempts to discuss the current status and future of this new preventive modality.
Alan Lesniewicz Memorial Lecture at UIC - July 2015Cassandra Quave
This is the keynote lecture given at the University of Illinois at Chicago Garden Walk event in the department of Pharmacognosy. The objectives of the talk were:
·Discuss the role of medical ethnobotany in drug discovery efforts
·Explore state-of-the-art research techniques that examine the activity of botanical natural products with next generation antibiotic discovery efforts focused on “alternative targets”, such as bacterial communication systems
·Provide examples of current research underway by her group both in the field (especially through fieldwork in the Mediterranean) and the lab (natural product research on multidrug resistant bacteria).
In June this year Darren Parris and I visited Novus in St Charles, Missouri, to celebrate their 25-year anniversary. Among the revelries (including a personal highlight of a Cardinals baseball match) we were invited to some insightful talks at the Novus Media Jam. One of these talks specifically concerned the Antibiotic Free Movement or ABF, where the ‘sub-therapeutic’ use of antibiotics and the many alternatives Novus offer were discussed.
Atlanta Botanical Garden Science Cafe: Medicines from Nature - 2014Cassandra Quave
In 2014, Dr. Quave presented a Science Cafe talk at Atlanta Botanical Gardens: "Medicines From Nature: Adventures of a Medical Ethnobotanist"
Abstract:
Ethnobotany is the study of human interactions with plants. It has perhaps been best defined as the science of survival as it involves the study of plants used in our daily lives for food, medicine, shelter, art, and much more. In this science café, Dr. Quave will discuss her research on medicinal plants for the treatment of infectious disease. From remote regions of the Amazon to volcanic islands in the Mediterranean and isolated mountains in the Balkans, Quave has conducted fieldwork in some of the most biologically diverse regions of the planet. She will share some of her adventures as a medical ethnobotanist and explain how traditional knowledge may be the key to the discovery of new life-saving medicines.
The role of macrolide in the era of antimicrobial resistance - Professor Susa...WAidid
The slideset by Professor Esposito is about the emerging antimicrobial resistance and the role of macrolide in this context. The slides focus on Mycoplasma pneumoniae and macrolide resistance, explaining the practical implications for real life.
The use of antimicrobial in humans and animals, the consequences of this use, the political and economic barriers to improve prudent use and possible solutions for this problem.
Detection and Surveillance of Antibiotic Resistance Genes From Food and Ferti...QIAGEN
One potential way to acquire antibiotic resistance genes is through the food supply chain. Both livestock and feed may
acquire antibiotic resistant bacteria via different mechanisms. Foodstuffs can be exposed to antibiotic resistant bacteria
through fertilizer originating from waste-water treatment plants. This, in addition to increasing administration of antibiotics
to livestock, can lead to food being a potential source of antibiotic resistance genes. This may lead to horizontal gene
transfer to pathogenic enteropathogens and further to drug resistance in humans. Therefore, the surveillance and prevention
of antibiotic resistance genes in food is important.
To effectively combat the spread of difficult-to-treat bacterial infections, rapid surveillance methods to detect antibiotic
resistance genes are required; in order to monitor both bacterial isolates and metagenomic samples.
Since the gut is known to act as a reservoir for antibiotic resistance genes, a small-scale research study was performed on
5 stool samples isolated from healthy human adults using an antibiotic resistance gene identification PCR array. In addition,
the diversity of antibiotic resistance genes in municipal biosolids was determined using an Antibiotic Resistance Genes
Microbial DNA qPCR Array with DNA extracted from belt-filter, press-cake sewage samples.
22 antibiotic resistance genes were identified from different resistance classifications. Further studies were performed in
beef, chicken, vegetable and pork samples. In conclusion, PCR arrays can be effective tools for detection of antibiotic
resistance genes from food samples and potential fertilizer sources.
Quinolones are synthetic, bactericidal antibacterial agents with broad-spectrum activity. They inhibit the enzyme topoisomerase II, a DNA gyrase that is necessary for the replication of the microorganism.
Identification of antibiotic resistance genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolat...QIAGEN
Antibiotic resistant strains of pathogenic bacteria are a growing worldwide health problem. To effectively combat the spread of difficult-to-treat bacterial infections, rapid surveillance methods for detection of antibiotic resistance genes is required to monitor both bacterial isolates and metagenomic samples. Additionally, identification of potential new sources for different antibiotic resistance genes is critical. Both of these goals require tools that can be used for profiling of antibiotic resistance genes from various types of samples. Real-time PCR has proven to be effective for the detection of antibiotic resistance genes. Using PCR array technology, simultaneous detection of 87 prevalent and important antibiotic resistance genes is possible and should prove to be an effective method for antibiotic resistance monitoring. This allows for a more comprehensive profiling of antibiotic resistance genes than is possible using individual PCR assays.
Los días 7 y 8 de mayo organizamos en la Fundación Ramón Areces con la Fundación General CSIC el Simposio Internacional 'Microbiología: transmisión'. La "transmisión" en microbiología hace referencia al proceso por el que material genético es transferido de una célula a otra, de una población a otra. Es un proceso clave para entender el origen y la evolución de los seres vivos. El objetivo de esta reunión era conocer mejor la logística de la transmisión para ser capaces de modular o suprimir algunos procesos de transmisión dañinos.
Resistance to antibiotics is one of the main important facts that most nations are working on. Actually, in USA, it is considered as a health problem to solve. Why it happens? Here is a review to answer this.
Microbiology of Endodontic Infection.Mechanisms of MicrobialPathogenicity and Virulence Factors
Biofilm and Community-Based Microbial Pathogenesis
Biofilm and Bacterial Interactions
Biofilm Community Lifestyle
Quorum Sensing—Bacterial Intercommunication
Methods for Microbial Identification
Diversity of the Endodontic Microbiota
Primary Intraradicular Infection
Spatial Distribution of the Microbiota
Microbial Ecology and the Root Canal Ecosystem
Secondary/Persistent Infectionsand Treatment Failure
Question was in my mind how the bacteria learn the biochemical mechanisms of defense against antibiotics , l know it should have gens that produce defense ways , but how they have thes gens , how antibiotics produce resistance in bacteria for them self and another's ?
All that I tried to answer in this seminar and how can be treated or minimized .
Jordi Torren - Coordinador del proyecto ESVAC. Agencia Europea de Medicamento...Fundación Ramón Areces
El martes 5 de junio del 2018 organizamos una Jornada en la Fundación Ramón Areces, en la cual se habló sobre el consumo de antibióticos y transmisión de resistencia entre humanos y animales.
Dominique L. Monnet Director del programa ARHAI (Antimicrobial Resistance an...Fundación Ramón Areces
El martes 5 de junio del 2018 organizamos una Jornada en la Fundación Ramón Areces, en la cual se habló sobre el consumo de antibióticos y transmisión de resistencia entre humanos y animales.
El jueves 24 de mayo del 2018 organizamos una Conferencia con Antonio Cabrales en la Fundación Ramón Areces. Una conferencia en la cual el tema fue: Estilo negociador y confianza, ¿hay diferencias entre hombres y mujeres?
Teresa Puig - Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Espa...Fundación Ramón Areces
El lunes y martes 21 y 22 de mayo del 2018 realizamos un Simposio Internacional en la Fundación Ramón Areces, tratando el tema de la superconductividad y presión: una relación fructífera en el camino hacia la superconductividad a temperatura ambiente.
Elena Bascones - Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM-CSIC), Es...Fundación Ramón Areces
El lunes y martes 21 y 22 de mayo del 2018 realizamos un Simposio Internacional en la Fundación Ramón Areces, tratando el tema de la superconductividad y presión: una relación fructífera en el camino hacia la superconductividad a temperatura ambiente.
El jueves 17 de mayo del 2018 se organizó una Mesa Redonda en la Fundación Ramón Areces, en la cual se habló sobre las subidas de tipos en la era Trump y la nueva globalización.
El jueves 17 de mayo del 2018 se organizó una Mesa Redonda en la Fundación Ramón Areces, en la cual se habló sobre las subidas de tipos en la era Trump y la nueva globalización.
El miércoles 16 de mayo del 2018 celebramos una Jornada en la Fundación Ramón Areces, en la cual se habló sobre las nuevas fronteras de investigación sobre la distribución comercial y el comportamiento del consumidor.
El miércoles 16 de mayo del 2018 celebramos una Jornada en la Fundación Ramón Areces, en la cual se habló sobre las nuevas fronteras de investigación sobre la distribución comercial y el comportamiento del consumidor.
Juan Carlos López-Gutiérrez - Unidad de Anomalías Vasculares, Hospital Unive...Fundación Ramón Areces
El jueves y viernes 10 y 11 de mayo del 2018 realizamos en la Fundación Ramón Areces un Simposio Internacional, en el cual se trató el tema del mosaicismo somático en malformaciones vasculares.
Víctor Martínez-Glez. - Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM). I...Fundación Ramón Areces
El jueves y viernes 10 y 11 de mayo del 2018 realizamos en la Fundación Ramón Areces un Simposio Internacional, en el cual se trató el tema del mosaicismo somático en malformaciones vasculares.
Rudolf Happle - Dermatología, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg...Fundación Ramón Areces
El jueves y viernes 10 y 11 de mayo del 2018 realizamos en la Fundación Ramón Areces un Simposio Internacional, en el cual se trató el tema del mosaicismo somático en malformaciones vasculares.
Rafael Doménech - Responsable de Análisis Macroeconómico, BBVA Research. Fundación Ramón Areces
El martes 8 de mayo de 2018 realizamos una conferencia en la Fundación Ramón Areces, en la cual se habló sobre el futuro de las pensiones: una visión global.
El martes 8 de mayo de 2018 realizamos una conferencia en la Fundación Ramón Areces, en la cual se habló sobre el futuro de las pensiones: una visión global.
El martes 8 de mayo de 2018 realizamos una conferencia en la Fundación Ramón Areces, en la cual se habló sobre el futuro de las pensiones: una visión global.
Nicholas Barr - Profesor de Economía Pública, London School of Economics. Fundación Ramón Areces
El martes 8 de mayo de 2018 realizamos una conferencia en la Fundación Ramón Areces, en la cual se habló sobre el futuro de las pensiones: una visión global.
El viernes 27 de abril del 2018 se celebró en la Fundación Ramón Areces una Jornada sobre física , en la cual se trataron diversos temas como: Los materiales mecanocalóricos, magnetísmo, biofísica, la energía oscura y instrumentación astronómica.
El viernes 20 de abril organizamos una Jornada sobre la ciencia en el corazón de Europa, en colaboración con Científicos Españoles en Bélgica (CEBE) y realizada en la Fundación Ramón Areces.
Marta Olivares - Investigadora Postdoctoral en Université catholique de Louva...Fundación Ramón Areces
El viernes 20 de abril organizamos una Jornada sobre la ciencia en el corazón de Europa, en colaboración con Científicos Españoles en Bélgica (CEBE) y realizada en la Fundación Ramón Areces.
El viernes 20 de abril organizamos una Jornada sobre la ciencia en el corazón de Europa, en colaboración con Científicos Españoles en Bélgica (CEBE) y realizada en la Fundación Ramón Areces.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Adv. biopharm. APPLICATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS : TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMSAkankshaAshtankar
MIP 201T & MPH 202T
ADVANCED BIOPHARMACEUTICS & PHARMACOKINETICS : UNIT 5
APPLICATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS : TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS By - AKANKSHA ASHTANKAR
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group of receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a teamof receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a team wwww.lisywomensclinic.co.za/
Fernando Vaquero-El impacto de las ciencias ómicas en la medicina, la nutrición y la biotecnología
1. Antibiotic Resistance Genes:
The Intestinal Resistome
Fernando Baquero
Department of Microbiology
Ramón y Cajal University Hospital
IRYCIS, CIBERESP
Madrid, Spain
3. The ensemble of antibiotic resistance genes hosted in
all bacterial populations (culturable and non-culturable)
of
microbial communities in particular environments, as
intestinal, sewage, soil microbiomes…
The Resistome
Challenges for the Screening and Analysis of Resistomes
• Current definition of antibiotic resistance genes
• Noise in antibiotic resistance databases
• Limitations of High-Throughput Technologies
• Underestimation of size and diversity of resistomes
5. Antibiotic Resistance Genes
• In a broad sense, genes involved in the insusceptibility of
microorganisms to antimicrobial compounds
By random transposon-tagged
mutagenesis, at least 2 % of all
P. aeruginosa genes have
resistance effects:
the intrinsic resistome
Green, more antibiotic susceptible;
Red, more antibiotic resistant
Fajardo, A., .. Baquero, F.& Martínez, J. L. (2008). The neglected
intrinsic resistome of bacterial pathogens. PloS one, 3(2)
7. Antibiotic Resistance and Antibiotic Resilience
in the Intestinal Resistome
• Resilience genes in MAJORITY bacterial populations:
Mainly chromosomal genes, mostly with house-keeping
functions (intrinsic resistome) assuring the healthy
maintenance of the (generally majority) host bacteria in their
environment, when antibiotics are present. Healthy bacterial
populations are maintained, but non selected by antibiotic
exposure.
• Resistance genes in the MINORITY bacterial populations:
Genes with a specific function on antibiotic resistance, frequently
to clinically used antibiotics, frequently associated to mobile
genetic elements (extrinsic, acquired resistome) spreading
among to minority-dangerous bacterial populations, which are
selected by antibiotic exposure. Only minorities are selectable!
8. Antibiotic Resistance Genes
• NOT necessarily genes listed in Antibiotic Resistance Databases
Frequent Mistakes in Databases
by including:
9. JL Martínez, T Coque, F Baquero (2015)
Nature Rev. Microbiol., 13:116-123
Ranking the Risks of
Detection of Resistance
Genes in Resistomes
Mobile Genetic Elements as
Vehicles of Antibiotic Resistance
Genes
Known genes
inactivating
antibiotics in-use
Location in human pathogens
(frequently minorities)
Start here
11. The reasons for implementing
epidemiological surveillance of
genes involved in antibiotic
resistance
12. Deaths as a direct result of antibiotic resistance
“At least…”
• 25,000 deaths/year because Ab-R in Europe (EMA-EUROPA, 2012)
• 23,000 deaths/year (CDC Ab-Resistance Threats in the US, 2013)
• Immuno-depressed patients
• Elderly (>75)
• Admission to the ICU
• APACHE II score at ICU admission
• Large spectrum antibiotics
• Special treatments
• Rhinogastric tube in place
• Nutritional immuno-deficiency
• Poor medical care, shortage ICUs
• Resistance to cheap available agents
Developing countries:
13. • The incidence of nosocomial bacteremia due to highly-resistant microorganisms increased
8.7 times as fast as non-resistant ones (1996-2005)
• Moreover, the increase in resistance does not replace infections with susceptible pathogens,
but adds to the total burden of bacteremia
• Hospitalized patients have become progressively more severely ill over the last 10 years.
(Ammerlaan HSM, Bonten MJM et al., JAC 63:1064–1070, 2009)
Tedim ASP et al., AEM 2015
Enterococcus faecium
E. coli phylogroup B2
Irene Rodriguez ECCMID 2014
Bacteremia
RYC Hospital (1996-2012)
Antibiotic-R increases the number of severe infections
resistant
14. • Increase in total local number of resistant strains means increase the
absolute amount of resistance genes, and mobile genetic elements
gene
integron
transposon
plasmid, ICE
Antibiotic resistance
might increase the
density of tools involved
in microbial genetic
interactions,
with
unpredictable
consequences
Antibiotic resistance accelerates microbial evolution
15. Selection of incoming clone +
selection of the resident homologous clones
High-speed “global world dissemination” of R-clones
Example of global dissemination: Petty NK et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014, 111(15):5694-9 (E. coli ST131)
16. Antibiotic release and antibiotic resistance altering
the environmental life-sustaining microbiosphere
• Possible ecological functional disturbances by the antibiotics in the environment include nitrogen
transformation, methanogenesis and sulfate reduction
• For instance, Cyanobacteria, largely susceptible to antimicrobial agents, as such type of organisms
accounts for more than 70% of the total phytoplankton mass, and are responsible for more than a third of the
total free O2 production, or CO2 fixation.
(Baquero F et al., Curr. Op. Biotechnol. 2008; 19:260–265; Dias E, et al. Frontiers in Microbiology 2015)
• Naturally-antibiotic resistant organisms might substitute under extended antibiotic pollution critical
susceptible organisms of huge ecological interest. Alternatively, acquisition of antibiotic resistance might
alter fitness or critical functional traits.
• Antibiotic disturbance of interbacterial signaling (semiotic space) with microecological consequences
17. Antibiotic-R altering the human-microbiota interactions
Human-microbiota common evolutionary history
Bacteroidetes
Clostridium
C-I
Clostridium
C- XIVa
Proteobacteria
(Enterobacteriaceae)
• Most of the significant antibiotic-resistance genes are located in minority
bacterial populations organisms
• When minority bacterial populations reach majority, there is an ecological
disturbance that might be deleterious for the system –unpredictable
clinical consequences under global overuse of antibiotics
• Consequences of acquisition of resistance by members of majorities?
M. Rajilic´-Stojanovic et al.
EM. 2012
18. Surveillance of Antibiotics Resistance Genes:
The Needs
• Significant antibiotic resistance genes: Focus those genes that influence
the outcome of infections treated with antimicrobial agents
• Significant allelic variants of antibiotic resistance genes: Allelic gene
variants might produce different resistance phenotypes.
• Genes involved in antisepsis and/or co-selection of antibiotic resistance:
resistance to biocides, heavy metals
• Genes identifying antibiotic resistance gene-spreading vectors: mostly
plasmids, able to disseminate genes in bacterial populations by horizontal gene
transfer.
• Genes present in minority populations in the microbiomes!!
18
D'Costa et al. Science 2006; Wright et al, NMR 2007; Wright GD, Expert Opin Drug Discov , 2010; Martinez, Coque and
Baquero, NMR 2015
19. Draussen buntes Leben (Paul Klee, 1931)
Colourful life outside
Enterococcus
Escherichia coli
Colourful intestinal microbiota Infections of intestinal origin
The bacterial minorities
20. ResCap: A targeted metagenomics approach
Targeted Metagenomics to Track and Characterize the Antimicrobial Resistome (ResCap1.0) Val F.
Lanza, Fernando Baquero, José Luís Martínez, Ricardo Ramos, Bruno González-Zorn, Antonio
Sánchez-Valenzuela, Fernando de la Cruz, and Teresa M. Coque (submitted 2016)
In Sequence-based metagenomic approaches (“open formats” as Metagenomic
Shotgun Sequencing MSS) antibiotic resistance genes from bacterial taxons that are
abundant in the population will be predominantly detected.
Arrays (“closed formats”) will be less affected by the more abundant populations.
The specificity of gene detection in both open and closed formats is greatly influenced by
detection of partial sequences that preclude a comprehensive understanding of diversity
ResCap WORKFLOW
i) Whole-metagenome shotgun library construction
ii) Hybridization with sequences of targeted Ab-R genes, including variant sequences
iii) Capture.
21. Draussen buntes Leben (Paul Klee, 1931)
Colourful life outside
Enterococcus
Escherichia coli
Colourful intestinal microbiota Infections of intestinal origin
The bacterial relevant minorities
E. coli genome: 0,.1 % of metagenome
E. coli AbR gene: ≈ 0.02% E. coli genome
Currently ResCap assures about 50 reads/AbR gene
in E. coli
22. HMM Profiles
Non-redundant, well identified
antibiotic resistance genes
UniRef100
Manual
Curation
Capture Platform
(ResCap)
≈81.000 nr genes
Relaxases
(plasmid markers)
Metal &
Biocide- R
EMBL CDS
Resistance-Capture
Platform Design
47,806
30,794
2,517
7,963
23. Based on SeqCap EZ, a single-step solution-based
capture method for enrichment of targeted
sequences in a single test tube
24. Comparison of Res-Cap
with conventional
Metagenomic Shotgun
Sequencing (MSS)
Sampling
Bacterial particles
Lysis, DNA extraction
Cloning, library construction
Sequencing clones
Sequence assembly into contigs and scaffolds
Comparison of MSS data
compared with ResCap
targeted sequence capture data
in fecal samples from 10
humans and 8 swine.
26. Abundance: read per Kilobase /per
million of reads that mapping against
genes/allele-clustered genes of
each AB-R family.
Diversity (number of DGCs detected per
sample): number of detected Genes Per
Million reads of each AB-R family.
Comparison of ResCap
and Conventional
Sequencing protocol in
Resistome Analysis
27. Reads/kb (normalized per gene size)
ResCap and Conventional Metagenomics in the detection of Antibiotic Resistance Genes
30. ResCap versus conventional metagenomics: abundance and
diversity of relaxase genes (plasmid type markers)
31. ResCap and Intestinal Resistome
• The ResCap v0.1 substantially enhances the sensitivity and
specificity of metagenomics shotgun sequencing (MSS) for
detecting and characterizing the resistome.
• Moreover, the ability to accurately detect genes from low
abundant or rare populations and its robustness, made ResCap
a promising tool for a wide number of research and diagnostic
applications and suitable for being used in both longitudinal and
cross-sectional studies.
• The platform constitutes one of the first examples of targeting
metagenomics for the analysis of bacterial populations.
32. Antonio S. Valenzuela
Val F. Lanza
Teresa Coque
me
Bruno
Gonzalez-Zorn
Fernando
de la Cruz
(Cantabria
University)
(UCM)
Jose Luis
Martínez
(CNB, CSIC)
Ricardo Ramos (PCM)
36. Sick Microbiota
influences:
• Body development: stature, height
• Obesity (fat storage, dyslipidemia), lean-body mass
• Food allergy, allergies
• Resistance to invasive infections, bacteremia, UTI, surgical infections
• Prevention of infections (immunity)
• Tolerance to starvation
• Tolerance to particular diets
• Malabsorption
• Pharmacokinetics of drugs
• Inflammatory bowel diseases, ulcerative colitis
• Metabolic syndrome, atherosclerosis
• Hypertension
• Neurodegenerative disorders
• Autoimmune diseases
• Type I and type II Diabetes, insulin-resistance
• Behavior (The mind-body-microbial continuum)
• Bacterial vaginosis, Candida infections
• Skin disorders
• Coagulation, fibrinolysis
• Necrotizing enterocolitis, diarrhea, C. difficile
• Colorectal carcinogenesis; other?
• Spread of dangerous bacterial clones
• Antibiotic resistance
37. 1 E. coli ≈ 5 Mb
1 AbR gene ≈ 1 kb
1 AbR gene ≈ 0.02% E. coli genome
50.000.000 reads/sample
1% ≈ 0.1% Proteobacteria
E. coli ≈ 0.1% Metagenome
50 reads/AbR gene in E. coli
Why a Capture Platform?
Enough for
Quantification and/or
Identification??
The math-metagenomic approach
Editor's Notes
Before going further I would like to make some definitions.