This document defines and provides diagnostic criteria for several feeding and eating disorders including pica, rumination disorder, avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder, and other specified and unspecified feeding or eating disorders. The disorders are characterized by disturbances in eating behaviors and attitudes toward food that impair physical or psychosocial functioning. Diagnosis involves persistent inappropriate eating or feeding behaviors and meeting additional criteria regarding weight, control over eating, body image, or compensatory behaviors.
Feeding and Eating disorders are one of the devastating disorders , Anorexia is a killer disease , very common in childhood and adolescent, mainly in girls more than boys. Bulimia is charecterize by binge eating followed by compulsive purging . Binge eating disorders and night eating syndrome are becoming very prevalent
Feeding disorders as avoidant restrictive food intake disorder , rumination disorders and pica are the types of feeding disorders in infant and childhood period
psychological rehabilitation, nutritional plan and medical therapy are the most effective lines of treatment foe eating Disorders
Feeding and Eating disorders are one of the devastating disorders , Anorexia is a killer disease , very common in childhood and adolescent, mainly in girls more than boys. Bulimia is charecterize by binge eating followed by compulsive purging . Binge eating disorders and night eating syndrome are becoming very prevalent
Feeding disorders as avoidant restrictive food intake disorder , rumination disorders and pica are the types of feeding disorders in infant and childhood period
psychological rehabilitation, nutritional plan and medical therapy are the most effective lines of treatment foe eating Disorders
A presentation about depressive disorder. The presentation composed of the definition, causes, types, clinical feature, diagnosis, prognosis, treatment and prevention of depression
Cluster B Personality Disorders for NCMHCE StudyJohn R. Williams
Quick review of the essential points— DSM5 diagnosis criteria, assessments, treatments—of these disorders to better prepare for the National Clinical Mental Health Counseling Exam. This was informed by several exam prep programs, and can be used like flashcards or as a presentation.
A presentation about depressive disorder. The presentation composed of the definition, causes, types, clinical feature, diagnosis, prognosis, treatment and prevention of depression
Cluster B Personality Disorders for NCMHCE StudyJohn R. Williams
Quick review of the essential points— DSM5 diagnosis criteria, assessments, treatments—of these disorders to better prepare for the National Clinical Mental Health Counseling Exam. This was informed by several exam prep programs, and can be used like flashcards or as a presentation.
Increasing number of individuals is being diagnosed with eating disorders, as social media and western culture portray thinness as signs of happiness and well-being. Individuals with eating disorders are obsessed with food, body image, and weight loss. Depending on the severity and duration of their illness, they may display physical symptoms such as weight loss, amenorrhea, loss of interest in sex, low blood pressure, depressed body temperature, chronic and unexplained vomiting and the growth of soft, fine hair on the body and face.
The Journal of Food & Nutritional Disorders (JFND) promotes rigorous research that makes a significant contribution in advancing knowledge for Food and Nutritional disorders. JFND includes all major themes pertaining to Food and its related Nutritional Disorders.
Anarexia nervosa (A Psychological Eating Disorder)Nabila Kabir
Introduction to Anarexia nervosa
Types of Anarexia nervosa
Symptoms of Anarexia nervosa
Clinical features of of Anarexia nervosa
Causes of of Anarexia nervosa
Healthy dieting vs Anarexia nervosa
Management of Anarexia nervosa
Medical Nutrition Therapy of Anarexia nervosa
Factors affecting rate of weight gain in Anarexia nervosa
Eating disorders are psychological problems marked by significant and ongoing disturbances in eating patterns and the uncomfortable thoughts and emotions that go along with them. They can be extremely severe conditions that have an impact on social, psychological, and physical function.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
2. Feeding and Eating Disorders
are Characterized by a persistent
disturbance of eating and eating-related
behavior that results in the altered
consumption or absorption of food and
that significantly impairs physical health or
psychosocial functioning.
4. Pica
Diagnostic Criteria:
1. Persistent eating of nonnutritive, nonfood substances
over a period of at least 1 month.
2. The eating of nonnutritive, nonfood substances is
inappropriate to the developmental level of the individual.
3. The eating behavior is not part of a culturally supported
or socially normative practice.
4. If the eating behavior occurs in the context of another
mental disorder (e.g., intellectual disability [intellectual
developmental disorder], autism spectrum disorder,
schizophrenia) or medical condition (including
pregnancy), it is sufficiently severe to warrant additional
clinical attention.
5. Pica
• The term nonfood is included because the
diagnosis of pica does not apply to ingestion of
diet products that have minimal nutritional
content.
• Onset of pica can occur in childhood,
adolescence, or adulthood, although childhood
onset is most commonly reported. Pica can
occur in otherwise normally developing
children,whereas in adults, it appears more likely
to occur in the context of intellectual disability or
other mental disorders.
• The eating of nonnutritive, nonfood substances
may also manifest in pregnancy, when specific
cravings (e.g., chalk or ice) might occur.
6. Pica
Seven months pregnant Emma Veness, 26, is inexplicably
drawn to eating polish despite her own fears she could
be harming her baby.
After the first time, Emma said she was determined not to
do it again but every day her craving comes back with a
vengeance, leaving her desperately searching for snacks
in the cupboard under the sink.
Since her unusual habit started she has consumed three
whole cans and now worries her craving will never go
away.
Emma, from Birmingham, was first drawn to the cleaning
product a few months into her pregnancy and now says
she must eat it two or three times a day to keep her
cravings at bay.
Her strange obsession with non-edible items started as a
child when she began eating bubbles out of her bath -
something she has done ever since.
8. Rumination Disorder
Diagnostic Criteria:
1. Repeated regurgitation of food over a period of at least 1
month. Regurgitated food may be re-chewed, re-
swallowed, or spit out.
2. The repeated regurgitation is not attributable to an
associated gastrointestinal or other medical condition
(e.g., gastroesophageal reflux, pyloric stenosis).
3. The eating disturbance does not occur exclusively during
the course of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge-
eating disorder, or avoidant/restrictive food intal<e
disorder.
4. If the symptoms occur in the context of another mental
disorder (e.g., intellectual disability [Intellectual
developmental disorder] or another neurodevelopmental
disorder), they are sufficiently severe to warrant
additional clinical attention.
10. Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake
Disorder
Diagnostic Criteria:
A. An eating or feeding disturbance (e.g., apparent lack of interest
in eating or food; avoidance based on tlie sensory
characteristics of food; concern about aversive consequences
of eating) as manifested by persistent failure to meet
appropriate nutritional and/or energy needs associated with
one (or more) of the following:
1. Significant weight loss (or failure to achieve expected weight
gain or faltering growth in children).
2. Significant nutritional deficiency.
3. Dependence on enteral feeding or oral nutritional
supplements.
4. Marked interference with psychosocial functioning.
11. B. The disturbance is not better explained by lack of
available food or by an associated culturally sanctioned
practice.
C. The eating disturbance does not occur exclusively during
the course of anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa, and
there is no evidence of a disturbance in the way in which
one’s body weight or shape is experienced.
D. The eating disturbance is not attributable to a concurrent
medical condition or not better explained by another
mental disorder. When the eating disturbance occurs in
the context of another condition or disorder, the severity
of the eating disturbance exceeds that routinely
associated with the condition or disorder and warrants
additional clinical attention.
13. Anorexia Nervosa
Diagnostic Criteria:
A. Restriction of energy intake relative to requirements,
leading to a significantly low body weight in the context
of age, sex, developmental trajectory, and physical
health. Significantly low weight is defined as a weight
that is less than minimally normal or, for children and
adolescents, less than that minimally expected.
B. Intense fear of gaining weight or of becoming fat, or
persistent behavior that interferes with weight gain, even
though at a significantly low weight.
C. Disturbance in the way in which one’s body weight or
shape is experienced, undue influence of body weight or
shape on self-evaluation, or persistent lack of recognition
of the seriousness of the current low body weight.
14. Anorexia Nervosa
Subtypes
Most individuals with the binge-eating/purging
type of anorexia nervosa who binge eat also purge
through self-induced vomiting or the misuse of
laxatives, diuretics, or enemas. Some individuals
with this subtype of anorexia nervosa do not binge
eat but do regularly purge after the consumption of
small amounts of food.
Crossover between the subtypes over the course
of the disorder is not uncommon; therefore, subtype
description should be used to describe current
symptoms rather than longitudinal course.
15. Actress KateBeckinsalestruggledwithan
eating disorder during her teens. Beckinsale said of
her anorexia, "People keep asking me about it, but I
don'twantto be famousforbeing aformer anorexic.
Kate Beckinsale
Anorexia Nervosa
17. Bulimia Nervosa
Diagnostic Criteria:
A. Recurrent episodes of binge eating. An episode of
binge eating is characterized by both of the
following:
1. Eating, in a discrete period of time (e.g., within any
2-hour period), an amount of food that is definitely
larger than what most individuals would eat in a
similar period of time under similar circumstances.
2. A sense of lack of control over eating during the
episode (e.g., a feeling that one cannot stop eating
or control what or how much one is eating).
18. Bulimia Nervosa
B. Recurrent inappropriate compensatory
behaviors in order to prevent weight gain, such
as self-induced vomiting; misuse of laxatives,
diuretics, or other medications; fasting; or
excessive exercise.
C. The binge eating and inappropriate
compensatory behaviors both occur, on
average, at least once a week for 3 months.
D. Self-evaluation is unduly influenced by body
shape and weight.
E. The disturbance does not occur exclusively
during episodes of anorexia nervosa.
19. Bulimia Nervosa
Elton John
Elton John has
struggled with bulimia as
when he was "chewing and
spitting" rather than
consuming his food. The
superstar has also had a very
public struggle with drug
abuse.
20. Bulimia Nervosa
Specify if:
In partial remission: After full criteria for bulimia nervosa were previously
met, some, but not all, of the criteria have been met for a sustained period of
time. In full remission: After full criteria for bulimia nervosa were previously
met, none of the criteria have been met for a sustained period of time.
Specify current severity:
The minimum level of severity is based on the frequency of inappropriate
compensatory behaviors (see below). The level of severity may be increased to
reflect other symptoms and the degree of functional disability.
Mild: An average of 1-3 episodes of inappropriate compensatory behaviors per
week.
Moderate: An average of 4-7 episodes of inappropriate compensatory behaviors
per week.
Severe: An average of 8-13 episodes of inappropriate compensatory behaviors
per
week.
Extreme: An average of 14 or more episodes of inappropriate compensatory
behaviors per week.
22. Binge-Eating Disorder
Diagnostic Criteria:
A. Recurrent episodes of binge eating. An episode of
binge eating is characterized by both of the
following:
1. Eating, in a discrete period of time (e.g., within
any 2-hour period), an amount of food that is
definitely larger than what most people would eat in
a similar period of time under similar circumstances.
2. A sense of lack of control over eating during
the episode (e.g., a feeling that one cannot stop
eating or control what or how much one is eating).
23. Binge-Eating Disorder
B. The binge-eating episodes are associated with three (or more)
of the following:
1. Eating much more rapidly than normal.
2. Eating until feeling uncomfortably full.
3. Eating large amounts of food when not feeling physically
hungry.
4. Eating alone because of feeling embarrassed by how much
one is eating.
5. Feeling disgusted with oneself, depressed, or very guilty
afterward.
C. Marked distress regarding binge eating is present.
D. The binge eating occurs, on average, at least once a week for 3
months.
E. The binge eating is not associated with the recurrent use of
inappropriate compensatory behavior as in bulimia nen/osa
and does not occur exclusively during the course of bulimia
24. Binge-Eating Disorder
Specify if:
In partial remission: After full criteria for binge-eating disorder
were previously met, binge eating occurs at an average
frequency of less than one episode per week for a sustained
period of time. In full remission: After full criteria for binge-
eating disorder were previously met, none of the criteria have
been met for a sustained period of time.
Specify current severity:
The minimum level of severity is based on the frequency of
episodes of binge eating (see below). The level of severity may
be increased to reflect other symptoms and the degree of
functional disability.
Mild: 1-3 binge-eating episodes per week.
Moderate: 4-7 binge-eating episodes per week.
Severe: 8-13 binge-eating episodes per week.
Extreme: 14 or more binge-eating episodes per week.
25. Binge-Eating Disorder
Victoria Beckham
Victoria Beckham (Posh Spice from the Spice Girls)
publicly admitted struggling with an eating disorder
in the early days of the Spice Girls, after years "in
denial". "I was very obsessed. I mean, I could tell
you the fat content and the calorie content in
absolutely anything," she told ABC's 20/20 in 2003.
While being a Spice Girl, Victoria was under a lot of
pressure from the management to lose weight and
stay slim. Beckham also said that bandmate Geri
Halliwell (Ginger Spice) encouraged her and
Melanie C (Sporty Spice) to do sports and take
liquid meal substitutes. Victoria eventually started
to binge eat and in one passage from her
autobiography she describes eating 10 bowls of
cereals at once. In her book "Learning To Fly",
which also contains a lot of pictures of the star,
Victoria talks about her obsession with her
appearance and describes her illness.
27. Other Specified Feeding or Eating
Disorder
This category applies to presentations in which symptoms
characteristic of a feeding and eating disorder that cause
clinically significant distress or impairment in social,
occupational, or other important areas of functioning
predominate but do not meet the full criteria for any of the
disorders in the feeding and eating disorders diagnostic class.
The other specified feeding or eating disorder category is used
in situations in which the clinician chooses to communicate the
specific reason that the presentation does not meet the criteria
for any specific feeding and eating disorder. This is done by
recording “other specified feeding or eating disorder” followed
by the specific reason (e.g., “bulimia nervosa of low
frequency”).
28. Examples of presentations that can be specified using the “other specified”
designation include the following:
1. A typical anorexia nervosa: All of the criteria for anorexia nervosa are met,
except that despite significant weight loss, the individual’s weight is within or
above the normal range.
2. Bulimia nervosa (of low frequency and/or limited duration): All of the criteria for
bulimia nervosa are met, except that the binge eating and inappropriate
compensatory behaviors occur, on average, less than once a week and/or for
less than 3 months.
3. Binge-eating disorder (of low frequency and/or limited duration): All of the
criteria for binge-eating disorder are met, except that the binge eating occurs,
on average, less than once a week and/or for less than 3 months.
4. Purging disorder: Recurrent purging behavior to influence weight or shape (e.g.,
selfinduced vomiting: misuse of laxatives, diuretics, or other medications) in
the absence of binge eating.
5. Night eating syndrome: Recurrent episodes of night eating, as manifested by
eating after awakening from sleep or by excessive food consumption after the
evening meal. There Is awareness and recall of the eating. The night eating is
not better explained by external influences such as changes in the individual’s
sleep-wake cycle or by local social norms. The night eating causes significant
distress and/or impairment in functioning. The disordered pattern of eating is
not better explained by binge-eating disorder or another mental disorder,
including substance use, and is not attributable to another medical disorder or
to an effect of medication.
30. Unspecified Feeding or Eating Disorder
This category applies to presentations in which
symptoms characteristic of a feeding and eating
disorder that cause clinically significant distress or
impairment in social, occupational, or other
important areas of functioning predominate but do
not meet the full criteria for any of the disorders in
the feeding and eating disorders diagnostic class.
The unspecified feeding and eating disorder
category is used in situations in which the clinician
chooses not to specify the reason that the criteria
are not met for a specific feeding and eating
disorder, and includes presentations in which there
is insufficient information to make a more specific
diagnosis (e.g., in emergency room settings).