1. Henry Fayol developed 14 principles of management in the early 20th century that focused on topics like division of work, authority, discipline, and unity of command.
2. The Hawthorne Studies in the 1920s examined how lighting levels affected worker productivity but found social and psychological factors like acceptance and group standards had more influence.
3. The behavioral approach to management developed from these early studies and focuses on understanding human behavior in organizations. It emphasizes how social and group factors impact individual worker behavior.
Management science , system theory, contingency theory (comparison)ErTARUNKASHNI
Definition of Management Science
History of Management science
Introduction to management science approach
Features of management science approach
Applications of management science approach
Process of management science approach
Advantages & disadvantages of management science approach
Introduction to system theory
History of system theory
Applications of system theory
Process of system theory
Types of system theory
Advantages & disadvantages of system theory
Introduction to contingency theory
History of contingency theory
Features of contingency theory
Advantages & disadvantages of contingency theory
Comparison of system vs contingency theory
Classical, Human Relations & Human Resources ApproachesWanda J. Barreto
-->Classical, Human Relations & Human Resources Approaches | Machine Metaphor
.Theory of Classical Management – Henri Fayol
Theory of Bureaucracy – Max Weber
Theory of Scientific Management – Frederick Taylor
.Maslow’s Needs Hierarchy Theory
Management science , system theory, contingency theory (comparison)ErTARUNKASHNI
Definition of Management Science
History of Management science
Introduction to management science approach
Features of management science approach
Applications of management science approach
Process of management science approach
Advantages & disadvantages of management science approach
Introduction to system theory
History of system theory
Applications of system theory
Process of system theory
Types of system theory
Advantages & disadvantages of system theory
Introduction to contingency theory
History of contingency theory
Features of contingency theory
Advantages & disadvantages of contingency theory
Comparison of system vs contingency theory
Classical, Human Relations & Human Resources ApproachesWanda J. Barreto
-->Classical, Human Relations & Human Resources Approaches | Machine Metaphor
.Theory of Classical Management – Henri Fayol
Theory of Bureaucracy – Max Weber
Theory of Scientific Management – Frederick Taylor
.Maslow’s Needs Hierarchy Theory
Administrative management theory and comparison of administrative vs scienti...ErTARUNKASHNI
BRIEF TO ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT THEORY
HISTORY OF ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT THEORY
INTRODUCTION TO ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT THEORY
DEFINISTION OF ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT THEORY
WORKS OF HENRY FAYOL
PRINICIPLES OF ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT THEORY
COMPARISON OF ADMINISTRATIVE VS SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT THEORY
Chester Barnard The Functions of ExecutveFenil Sadaiya
Chester Barnard is best known as the author of The Functions of the Executive, perhaps the 20th century’s most influential book on management and leadership.
Entire book is classified into 4 sections:
1. Preliminary Considerations concerning Cooperative Systems
2. The Theory and Structure of Formal Organization
3. The Elements of Formal Organization
4. The Functions of Organizations in Cooperative systems
His theory is also known as Contribution- Satisfaction Equilibrium (Barnard’s Theory of Motivation)
Introduction to Management: Concept of Management, Importance & Nature of Management, Management as profession, professionalization of management in India.
INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT
PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT
PPT OF THE BOOK
Kathryn M. Bartol,
David C. Martin,
Management (latest edition),
MAIN TOPICS OF THE LECTURE ARE:
Management Theory,
Management Environment,
Managerial Decision Making
Report on how the Management Theory has evolved over the years.
Submitted for the module "Introduction to Management" during the 2nd semester of the Transport and Logistics Management Degree Program at University of Moratuwa
Administrative management theory and comparison of administrative vs scienti...ErTARUNKASHNI
BRIEF TO ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT THEORY
HISTORY OF ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT THEORY
INTRODUCTION TO ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT THEORY
DEFINISTION OF ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT THEORY
WORKS OF HENRY FAYOL
PRINICIPLES OF ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT THEORY
COMPARISON OF ADMINISTRATIVE VS SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT THEORY
Chester Barnard The Functions of ExecutveFenil Sadaiya
Chester Barnard is best known as the author of The Functions of the Executive, perhaps the 20th century’s most influential book on management and leadership.
Entire book is classified into 4 sections:
1. Preliminary Considerations concerning Cooperative Systems
2. The Theory and Structure of Formal Organization
3. The Elements of Formal Organization
4. The Functions of Organizations in Cooperative systems
His theory is also known as Contribution- Satisfaction Equilibrium (Barnard’s Theory of Motivation)
Introduction to Management: Concept of Management, Importance & Nature of Management, Management as profession, professionalization of management in India.
INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT
PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT
PPT OF THE BOOK
Kathryn M. Bartol,
David C. Martin,
Management (latest edition),
MAIN TOPICS OF THE LECTURE ARE:
Management Theory,
Management Environment,
Managerial Decision Making
Report on how the Management Theory has evolved over the years.
Submitted for the module "Introduction to Management" during the 2nd semester of the Transport and Logistics Management Degree Program at University of Moratuwa
The idea of management is not new; managing is an inbuilt character of human beings. Early forms of management concepts have been applied throughout history in order to progress as a society. We see beautiful creation from Stone Age to civilization – could those creations such as monuments and cities be in place without management? Management activities were always needed in order to complete massive projects. The Industrial Revolution as well as the growth of factories and mass production created a need for strong management processes. Better and more efficient ways of manufacturing goods were needed in order to maximize productivity, bring down costs, and increase profitability. As a result, since the late 1800’s, theorists have developed a wide range of methods for improving management practices
IN THIS PRESENTATION YOU WILL FIND ALL TOPICS RELATED TO PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT AND EACH TOPIC IS EXPLAINED BY ME WITH FULL DETAIL AND WITH FULL UPDATES ACCORDING TO NEW SYLLABUS.IN THIS PPT MANY PICTURES ARE ALSO THERE WHICH IS MOST IMPORTANT INSTRUMENT IN PPT.IF ANY QUERY SO PLZ CONTACT ME 9780529658 AND PLEASE TRY TO LEARN THE CONCEPT.IN THIS PPT MANY TOPICS ARE THERE IN PROPER ORDER.YOU WILL FIND THE PRINCIPLES OF FAYOL AS WELL AS PRINCIPLES OF TAYLOR.THE TECHNIQUES OF TAYLOR ARE ALSO THERE IN MY PPT.SIMPLINESS IS MINE PPT ADWANTAGE THAT YOU WILL DEFINATELY LIKE.PLEASE LIKE SHARE AND FOLLOW ME AND IF ANY QUERY SO PLZ CONATACT ME OR HIT COMMENT BACK.I WILL BW DEFINATELY THERE TO ANSWER YOU.
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
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Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
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Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Fayol’s Principles of Management, Behavioural Approach to Management, Hawthorne Studies
1. Fayol’s Principles of Management,
Behavioural Approach to Management,
Hawthorne Studies TEAM-1
NAVEEN
KIRTIMA
CHIRAG
KAPEESH
KANHA
2. INTRODUCTION
HENRY FAYOL WAS A FRENCH MINING ENGINEER, AUTHOR AND
DIRECTOR BORN IN 1941, WHO DEVELOPED GENERAL THEORY
OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION THAT IS OFTEN CALLED
“FAYOLISM”. FAYOL IS CREDITED AS THE FIRST PERSON TO
INTRODUCE CONCEPT CALLED PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT.
THE HAWTHORNE STUDIES WERE CARRIED OUT BY THE
WESTERN ELECTRIC COMPANY AT THEIR HAWTHORNE PLANT
IN THE 1920S. THE HAWTHORNE STUDIES HAD A REMARKABLE
IMPACT ON MANAGEMENT IN ORGANIZATION AND HOW
WORKERS REACT TO VARIOUS SITUATIONS.
3.
4. 1. DIVISION OF WORK:
WORK SHOULD BE DIVIDED AMONG INDIVIDUALS
AND GROUPS TO ENSURE THAT EFFORT AND
ATTENTION ARE FOCUSED ON SPECIAL PORTIONS
OF THE TASK. FAYOL PRESENTED WORK
SPECIALIZATION AS THE BEST WAY TO USE THE
HUMAN RESOURCES OF THE ORGANIZATION.
5. 2. AUTHORITY:
THE CONCEPTS OF AUTHORITY AND RESPONSIBILITY
ARE CLOSELY RELATED. AUTHORITY WAS DEFINED BY
FAYOL AS THE RIGHT TO GIVE ORDERS AND THE
POWER TO EXACT OBEDIENCE. RESPONSIBILITY
INVOLVES BEING ACCOUNTABLE, AND IS THEREFORE
NATURALLY ASSOCIATED WITH AUTHORITY.
WHOEVER ASSUMES AUTHORITY ALSO ASSUMES
RESPONSIBILITY.
6. 3. DISCIPLINE:
A SUCCESSFUL ORGANIZATION REQUIRES THE
COMMON EFFORT OF WORKERS. PENALTIES
SHOULD BE APPLIED JUDICIOUSLY TO ENCOURAGE
THIS COMMON EFFORT.
7. 4. UNITY OF COMMAND
WORKERS SHOULD RECEIVE ORDERS FROM ONLY
ONE MANAGER.
8. 5. UNITY OF DIRECTION:
THE ENTIRE ORGANIZATION SHOULD BE MOVING
TOWARDS A COMMON OBJECTIVE IN A COMMON
DIRECTION.
9. 6. SUBORDINATION OF
INDIVIDUAL INTERESTS TO
THE GENERAL INTERESTS:
THE INTERESTS OF ONE PERSON SHOULD NOT TAKE
PRIORITY OVER THE INTERESTS OF THE ORGANIZATION
AS A WHOLE.
10. 7. REMUNERATION:
MANY VARIABLES, SUCH AS COST OF LIVING, SUPPLY
OF QUALIFIED PERSONNEL, GENERAL BUSINESS
CONDITIONS, AND SUCCESS OF THE BUSINESS,
SHOULD BE CONSIDERED IN DETERMINING A
WORKER’S RATE OF PAY.
11. 8. CENTRALIZATION:
FAYOL DEFINED CENTRALIZATION AS LOWERING THE
IMPORTANCE OF THE SUBORDINATE ROLE.
DECENTRALIZATION IS INCREASING THE
IMPORTANCE. THE DEGREE TO WHICH
CENTRALIZATION OR DECENTRALIZATION SHOULD
BE ADOPTED DEPENDS ON THE SPECIFIC
ORGANIZATION IN WHICH THE MANAGER IS
WORKING.
12. 9. SCALAR CHAIN:
MANAGERS IN HIERARCHIES ARE PART OF A CHAIN
LIKE AUTHORITY SCALE. EACH MANAGER, FROM THE
FIRST LINE SUPERVISOR TO THE PRESIDENT, POSSESS
CERTAIN AMOUNTS OF AUTHORITY. THE PRESIDENT
POSSESSES THE MOST AUTHORITY; THE FIRST LINE
SUPERVISOR THE LEAST. LOWER LEVEL MANAGERS
SHOULD ALWAYS KEEP UPPER LEVEL MANAGERS
INFORMED OF THEIR WORK ACTIVITIES. THE
EXISTENCE OF A SCALAR CHAIN AND ADHERENCE
TO IT ARE NECESSARY IF THE ORGANIZATION IS TO
BE SUCCESSFUL.
13. 10. ORDER:
FOR THE SAKE OF EFFICIENCY AND COORDINATION,
ALL MATERIALS AND PEOPLE RELATED TO A SPECIFIC
KIND OF WORK SHOULD BE TREATED AS EQUALLY AS
POSSIBLE.
15. 12. STABILITY OF TENURE OF
PERSONNEL:
RETAINING PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYEES SHOULD
ALWAYS BE A HIGH PRIORITY OF MANAGEMENT.
RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION COSTS, AS WELL AS
INCREASED PRODUCT-REJECT RATES ARE USUALLY
ASSOCIATED WITH HIRING NEW WORKERS.
16. 13. INITIATIVE:
MANAGEMENT SHOULD TAKE STEPS TO ENCOURAGE
WORKER INITIATIVE, WHICH IS DEFINED AS NEW OR
ADDITIONAL WORK ACTIVITY UNDERTAKEN
THROUGH SELF DIRECTION.
17. 14. ESPIRIT DE CORPS:
MANAGEMENT SHOULD ENCOURAGE HARMONY
AND GENERAL GOOD FEELINGS AMONG
EMPLOYEES.
18.
19. Behavioural Approach
MANAGERS GET THINGS DONE BY WORKING WITH
PEOPLE.
THE FIELD OF STUDY THAT RESEARCHES THE ACTIONS
(BEHAVIOUR) OF PEOPLE AT WORK IS CALLED
ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR (OB).
MUCH OF WHAT MANAGERS DO TODAY WHEN
MANAGING PEOPLE—MOTIVATING, LEADING,
BUILDING TRUST, WORKING WITH A TEAM,
MANAGING CONFLICT, AND SO FORTH—HAS COME
OUT OF OB RESEARCH.
20. Early Advocates
ROBERT OWEN
HUGO MUNSTERBERG
MARY PARKER FOLLETT
CHESTER BARNARD
THEIR IDEAS PROVIDED THE FOUNDATION FOR
SUCH MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AS EMPLOYEE
SELECTION PROCEDURES, MOTIVATION PROGRAMS,
AND WORK TEAMS.
21. The Hawthorne Studies
THE MOST IMPORTANT CONTRIBUTION TO THE OB
FIELD CAME OUT OF THE HAWTHORNE STUDIES.
IN 1927, THE WESTERN ELECTRIC ENGINEERS ASKED
HARVARD PROFESSOR ELTON MAYO AND HIS
ASSOCIATES TO JOIN THE STUDY AS CONSULTANTS
22. The Hawthorne Studies
A SERIES OF STUDIES CONDUCTED AT THE WESTERN ELECTRIC
COMPANY WORKS IN CICERO, ILLINOIS.
THEY FOUND THAT AS THE LEVEL OF LIGHT WAS INCREASED IN
THE EXPERIMENTAL GROUP, OUTPUT FOR BOTH GROUPS
INCREASED.
THEN AS THE LIGHT LEVEL WAS DECREASED IN THE
EXPERIMENTAL GROUP, PRODUCTIVITY CONTINUED TO
INCREASE IN BOTH GROUPS.
IN FACT, A PRODUCTIVITY DECREASE WAS OBSERVED IN THE
EXPERIMENTAL GROUP ONLY WHEN THE LEVEL OF LIGHT WAS
REDUCED TO THAT OF A MOONLIT NIGHT.
THE ENGINEERS CONCLUDED THAT LIGHTING INTENSITY WAS
NOT DIRECTLY RELATED TO GROUP PRODUCTIVITY.
23. The Hawthorne Studies
ONE EXPERIMENT WAS DESIGNED TO EVALUATE THE
EFFECT OF A GROUP PIECEWORK INCENTIVE PAY
SYSTEM ON GROUP PRODUCTIVITY.
THE RESULTS INDICATED THAT THE INCENTIVE PLAN
HAD LESS EFFECT ON A WORKER’S OUTPUT THAN
DID GROUP PRESSURE, ACCEPTANCE, AND SECURITY.
THE RESEARCHERS CONCLUDED THAT SOCIAL
NORMS OR GROUP STANDARDS WERE THE KEY
DETERMINANTS OF INDIVIDUAL WORK BEHAVIOUR.
24. The Hawthorne Studies
MAYO CONCLUDED :
PEOPLE’S BEHAVIOUR AND ATTITUDES ARE CLOSELY
RELATED, THAT GROUP FACTORS SIGNIFICANTLY AFFECT
INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOUR, THAT GROUP STANDARDS
ESTABLISH INDIVIDUAL WORKER OUTPUT, AND THAT
MONEY IS LESS A FACTOR IN DETERMINING OUTPUT
THAN ARE GROUP STANDARDS, GROUP ATTITUDES, AND
SECURITY.
WHAT IS IMPORTANT IS THAT THEY STIMULATED AN
INTEREST IN HUMAN BEHAVIOUR IN ORGANIZATIONS.
25. How Today’s Managers Use
The Behavioral Approach
THE BEHAVIORAL APPROACH HAS LARGELY SHAPED
HOW TODAY’S ORGANIZATIONS ARE MANAGED.
FROM THE WAY THAT MANAGERS DESIGN JOBS TO THE
WAY THAT THEY WORK WITH EMPLOYEE TEAMS TO THE
WAY THAT THEY COMMUNICATE, WE SEE ELEMENTS OF
THE BEHAVIORAL APPROACH.
MUCH OF WHAT THE EARLY OB ADVOCATES PROPOSED
AND THE CONCLUSIONS FROM THE HAWTHORNE
STUDIES HAVE PROVIDED THE FOUNDATION FOR OUR
CURRENT THEORIES OF MOTIVATION, LEADERSHIP, GROUP
BEHAVIOUR AND DEVELOPMENT, AND NUMEROUS
OTHER BEHAVIOURAL APPROACHES.