This Farmers' Agribusiness training course has been developed to help both farmers and farmer organisations. Its intention is to provide access to provide access to additional skills and knowledge that will allow farmers to move from a 'farm' to a 'firm'. In this lesson participants are asked to look at various online businesses to determine if any of the firm's advantages are sustainable
120419 transform or die ibm breakout session 1 wgoirJerry J. Stam
IBM presentation on retail conference What´s Going on in retailing 2012 WGOIR at Nieuwegein on 19 April 2012. Includes trends and how to respond to this
This document is from a textbook on e-commerce and discusses various e-commerce business models and concepts. It provides examples of different business-to-business and business-to-consumer e-commerce models including online distributors, e-procurement companies, exchanges, consortia, private networks, and more. It also discusses how e-commerce has impacted industry structure, value chains, and business strategy. A case study on Priceline.com's business model challenges is presented at the end.
E-tailing, or online retail, has grown significantly in India in recent years due to factors like increasing internet and smartphone usage, growth of online payment options, and changing consumer lifestyles and preferences. The e-tailing ecosystem involves suppliers, customers, payment systems, fulfillment and logistics networks. Major drivers of growth for e-tailing in India include digital convergence of technologies, a growing base of internet and smartphone users, investments in logistics and warehouses, and the localization of online content.
This document provides an overview of key topics related to e-commerce and digital markets. It begins with learning objectives and then defines topics like digital goods, different e-commerce models (B2B, B2C, C2C), revenue models, and how e-commerce has transformed marketing and business transactions. It also discusses the growth of mobile commerce and important applications. Additional sections cover issues to consider when building an e-commerce presence and how management information systems can benefit one's career. Videos and interactive examples are provided to help illustrate major concepts.
This document provides an overview of e-commerce, e-business, and m-commerce presented by Mr. Litton P. Mowalie. It defines the key terms, describes the differences between e-commerce and e-business, and discusses the types, opportunities, and challenges of each. The top ten e-commerce businesses in the world are listed, along with the six main types of e-commerce transactions. Job opportunities and fast-growing sectors in e-commerce are also highlighted.
The document discusses the essential processes of electronic commerce systems. It outlines nine key components of an e-commerce process architecture, including access control and security, profiling and personalizing customers, search management, content and catalog management, payment processing, workflow management, event notification, and collaboration tools. It provides examples of how each component is implemented in e-commerce applications.
The document discusses security solutions for electronic business (e-business). It outlines several key security concerns for e-businesses, including protecting access and data integrity, using encryption, implementing digital certificates, and employing digital signatures. It then describes various security solutions to address these concerns, such as using antivirus software, firewalls, intrusion detection systems, public/private key encryption, and digital certificates verified by certificate authorities. Overall, the document emphasizes the importance of data security and authentication for e-businesses operating online.
The document discusses the prospects of e-retailing in India. It begins by defining e-retailing as the model of selling retail goods using electronic media, particularly the internet. Some key points discussed include:
1) Various factors are contributing to the growth of e-retailing in India such as increased internet and smartphone penetration, emergence of nuclear families, convenience of online shopping, and initiatives by the government.
2) E-retailing provides benefits to both consumers and retailers such as convenience, price/selection, marketing/promotion, and 24/7 access.
3) However, some challenges remain including lack of internet access in rural areas, inability to see/feel products physically
120419 transform or die ibm breakout session 1 wgoirJerry J. Stam
IBM presentation on retail conference What´s Going on in retailing 2012 WGOIR at Nieuwegein on 19 April 2012. Includes trends and how to respond to this
This document is from a textbook on e-commerce and discusses various e-commerce business models and concepts. It provides examples of different business-to-business and business-to-consumer e-commerce models including online distributors, e-procurement companies, exchanges, consortia, private networks, and more. It also discusses how e-commerce has impacted industry structure, value chains, and business strategy. A case study on Priceline.com's business model challenges is presented at the end.
E-tailing, or online retail, has grown significantly in India in recent years due to factors like increasing internet and smartphone usage, growth of online payment options, and changing consumer lifestyles and preferences. The e-tailing ecosystem involves suppliers, customers, payment systems, fulfillment and logistics networks. Major drivers of growth for e-tailing in India include digital convergence of technologies, a growing base of internet and smartphone users, investments in logistics and warehouses, and the localization of online content.
This document provides an overview of key topics related to e-commerce and digital markets. It begins with learning objectives and then defines topics like digital goods, different e-commerce models (B2B, B2C, C2C), revenue models, and how e-commerce has transformed marketing and business transactions. It also discusses the growth of mobile commerce and important applications. Additional sections cover issues to consider when building an e-commerce presence and how management information systems can benefit one's career. Videos and interactive examples are provided to help illustrate major concepts.
This document provides an overview of e-commerce, e-business, and m-commerce presented by Mr. Litton P. Mowalie. It defines the key terms, describes the differences between e-commerce and e-business, and discusses the types, opportunities, and challenges of each. The top ten e-commerce businesses in the world are listed, along with the six main types of e-commerce transactions. Job opportunities and fast-growing sectors in e-commerce are also highlighted.
The document discusses the essential processes of electronic commerce systems. It outlines nine key components of an e-commerce process architecture, including access control and security, profiling and personalizing customers, search management, content and catalog management, payment processing, workflow management, event notification, and collaboration tools. It provides examples of how each component is implemented in e-commerce applications.
The document discusses security solutions for electronic business (e-business). It outlines several key security concerns for e-businesses, including protecting access and data integrity, using encryption, implementing digital certificates, and employing digital signatures. It then describes various security solutions to address these concerns, such as using antivirus software, firewalls, intrusion detection systems, public/private key encryption, and digital certificates verified by certificate authorities. Overall, the document emphasizes the importance of data security and authentication for e-businesses operating online.
The document discusses the prospects of e-retailing in India. It begins by defining e-retailing as the model of selling retail goods using electronic media, particularly the internet. Some key points discussed include:
1) Various factors are contributing to the growth of e-retailing in India such as increased internet and smartphone penetration, emergence of nuclear families, convenience of online shopping, and initiatives by the government.
2) E-retailing provides benefits to both consumers and retailers such as convenience, price/selection, marketing/promotion, and 24/7 access.
3) However, some challenges remain including lack of internet access in rural areas, inability to see/feel products physically
E-commerce has the potential to alleviate poverty in developing countries in several ways:
1) It reduces transaction costs and barriers to entry by allowing sellers in poor countries to reach buyers globally without intermediaries, improving market efficiency.
2) It gives producers a global reach beyond local and national markets, bringing some economic gains through increased sales.
3) By improving access to information, e-commerce reduces information costs for actors in developing countries and allows them to better participate in the global economy.
4) It creates new business opportunities for entrepreneurs through virtual enterprises and digital products that can reach markets without a local presence.
However, the document notes that other supporting factors are also needed for e-commerce
The document discusses e-commerce and its relevance in the modern world. It begins by defining e-commerce as trading products or services using computer networks and technologies like the internet. It then discusses different types of e-commerce including business to business, business to consumer, business to government, consumer to consumer, and mobile commerce. The document also outlines advantages like lower costs, higher margins, and better productivity, as well as disadvantages such as security issues, need for scalable systems, and lack of personal interaction. It concludes by emphasizing the importance of e-commerce management skills and training for business success in today's digital era.
Brief introduction to the issues of electronic business and information technology impact on business - suitable for activating first year business students.
This document describes the development of an online shopping system called EasyShop for developing countries. EasyShop allows buyers and sellers to conduct online shopping and transactions using recharge cards instead of credit/debit cards, which are not widely accessible. The system was developed using ASPX/C# and MySQL. It includes modules for user registration, product browsing, shopping cart, payment, and delivery. UML diagrams including use case, class, and state diagrams were used in the design. The system aims to address issues with traditional markets like needing physical contact between buyers and sellers and inflexibility. It also allows even those in rural areas to shop online using recharge cards.
The document provides information on e-commerce and e-business models. It defines e-commerce as buying and selling of goods and services over electronic systems like the internet. E-business is broader and includes using technology to improve business processes internally and externally. Some common e-commerce models discussed are the storefront model, marketplace model, information model, and community model. The storefront model involves companies selling directly through an online storefront, while the marketplace model involves retailers selling through larger marketplaces like Amazon.
E-Commerce : E-commerce: Evolution. Meaning and Type, Payment Mechanism in
Cyberspace, Advertising and Taxation vis-a-vis E-commerce, Consumer Protection
in Cyberspace, Online Contracts, Forms of Online Contracts, Features of Online
Contracts, Issues Emerging from Online Contracting,
Factors affecting growth of E Business in IndiaAyaz Shariff
The document discusses factors affecting the growth of e-business in India and its impact on small and medium enterprises (SMEs). It identifies several barriers to e-business growth in India, including issues related to information technology/security, customer perceptions, technology, infrastructure, regulations, and user interfaces. However, e-business provides opportunities for SMEs to expand into global markets at reduced costs. The document proposes a model for e-business in rural agricultural markets to connect farmers, traders, and consumers.
The internet- a modern form of sales promotionAvram Ana-Maria
The document discusses the internet and electronic commerce. It begins by explaining that the internet and World Wide Web have become major forces of change in society, bringing both challenges and opportunities. It then provides details on the structure and characteristics of the digital economy and electronic commerce. The digital economy consists of four levels - internet infrastructure, digital applications, intermediaries, and online transactions. Electronic commerce allows businesses and individuals to conduct transactions electronically and has several models including business-to-business, business-to-consumer, and consumer-to-consumer. Successful commercial websites aim to distribute information about a company's products and services to both current and potential customers and investors.
Electronic commerce some implications for firms and workers in developing cou...Alwyn Didar Singh
The potential of eCommerce is no more a matter of debate. From the world of hype and fantasy it has moved into that of digital reality. Electronic commerce looms large on the horizons of tomorrow, and it promises to transform trade and industry in ways not yet imagined or comprehended. Its impact of course is expected to go far beyond commerce to affect the lives of millions of Internet users, consumers, workers and producers.
E-commerce refers to the buying and selling of goods or services using the internet and involves the transfer of money and data to complete transactions electronically. There are several types of e-commerce including business-to-business (B2B), business-to-consumer (B2C), consumer-to-consumer (C2C), and business-to-government (B2G). E-commerce provides advantages such as faster transactions, global reach, and lower costs. However, it also faces limitations including the inability to physically examine products and issues with internet access and security. Factors such as technology, laws and regulations, economics, and social/cultural trends influence e-commerce.
Thanks for the videos! Management Information Systems. http://toptenmba.com
See full list of MIS Videos: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=51uGOkJrqD8&list=PLRYuVYJhTowQx144mVepzY_ZEL5-frcBh
Free MIS Ebooks 2016: https://drive.google.com/drive/u/1/folders/0ByL8IO2RG9cVZDZ6QWhiWVI0bms
Free Case Study Guides and Suggested Answers:http://www.topten.edu.vn/mba-cases/54-mba-management-information-systems
Management Information Systems,
Popular MIS cases,
MIS,
Lectures,
Case study,
MIS Case study,
MIS Lectures,
MBA MIS course,
Management Information Systems lectures,
MIS lectures,
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Understanding Management Information System,
Overview of Management Information Systems,
MIS Movies,
business intelligence,
SCM, CRM, ERP,
building information systems,
clouds,
knowledge management,
IS development,
e-government,
Industry 4.0,
mobile commerce,
toptenmba,
local commerce,
social commerce,
emarketing,
has gone Google,
digital marketing,
laudon,
what is electronic commerce,
overview of ecommerce,
ecommerce lectures,
ecommerce case study,
IT Project management,
Agile methodology,
Waterfall,
IS Management,
IS Security,
Social media,
Managing Global Systems,
Managing IT Projects,
bai giang he thong thong tin quan ly,
bai giang HTTT,
bai giang HTTTQL,
bai tap tinh huong,
bai giang,
HTTTQL,
bai tap tinh huong,
giai thich thuat ngu,
Ecommerce Managers,
nguyen van thoan,
http://toptenmba.com
http://topten.edu.vn
www.toptenmba.com
www.topten.edu.vn
Webit Expo & Conferences is the biggest event for digital business and marketing in Central-Eastern Europe and the 5-th biggest in Europe with over 6000 visitors and more than 80 speakers.
E-Commerce in Developing Countries: A Case Study on the Factors Affecting E-c...IJERA Editor
The rapid development and increasing spread of e-commerce technology utilization have led to inspiring more Libyan companies to inaugurate web sites on the internet, in order to make much benefit from the services render thereon, to increase the mutual exchanges between these companies and other states, in such a manner as to save time and cost and stock as well as to create a competitive advantage. However, there are some obstacles which impede making benefit from the advantages and opportunities the e-commerce attempts to make.The paper aimed to determine the most important obstacles that are facing the implementation of commerce, that is to say, technological, Legal, human and organizational obstacles in the Libyan companies. This is on one hand, however, the paper aimed, on the other, to know whether there is a correlation that is statistically significant between such obstacles as to affect the implementation of e-commerce and the level of utilization of the same by industrial and commercial companies in Libya.Findings have shown, on the whole, that there is a high positive correlation of statistical significance at (α = 0.01) and (α =0.05) levels between the obstacles which affect commerce and the level of e-commerce utilization, this is pursuant to the points of view of the managers of the companies in question.The paper has reached a number of findings which have shown the fact that there are many obstacles which may impede the growth of commerce in Libya. This is in addition to other significant findings the paper has reached. However, the paper has suggested a number of recommendations to help develop e-commerce in Libya.This paper also contributes substantially to enrich the applied research studies on commerce and its applied activities and provides in details the related debate on the similarities and proposals for future studies.
E-commerce with no doubt has influenced the global business environment to some
greater levels. However, several organizations still trust technologies, applications
and infrastructures which can bring more profits and fames to their businesses.
Mobile commerce is one such innovative environment in which mobile computing
and wireless technologies are capable of centering the attraction of customers in an
absolute way. M-commerce has become the all-time favorite area of interest of
today’s firms. Right from the day m-commerce revolution began, it is creating
opportunities for mobile devices and services. Recent statistics and predictions
indicate that m-commerce is currently generating more strategic advantages to firms
both in terms of revenue and popularity. In this paper, we’ll study about the impact
m-commerce has created in today’s businesses.
Online Banking Sector Trends : Users to the core of innovationTommi Pelkonen
IND Group Seminar presentation Nov 24, 2011.
The next wave in digital services for the banking industry customers: From products & transaction-focus towardsend-user-need –orientation
This document provides an overview of e-business and e-commerce. It defines e-business as the digital enablement of transactions and processes within a firm using information systems under the firm's control. E-business applications primarily involve applying digital technologies to internal business processes. E-commerce refers specifically to commercial activities involving an exchange of value over the internet. The document outlines different types of e-business models including business-to-consumer, business-to-business, and consumer-to-consumer, as well as technology-based models like peer-to-peer and mobile commerce. It also discusses the benefits, limitations, and key aspects of e-business and e-commerce.
Effectiveness implementation of e commerce in the developing countries empiri...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the effectiveness of e-commerce implementation in developing countries, using Jordan as a case study. The study aims to analyze factors affecting consumer online purchasing trends in Jordan and identify opportunities and risks of e-commerce. A survey was conducted with 177 participants in Jordan. The findings show that quality, price and global access are driving e-commerce's importance. However, the study also sought to identify other key factors for e-commerce success, such as product quality, security of payments, and the sufficiency of consumer protection laws.
The purpose of this toolkit is to use a brainstorming technique to come up with creative ideas respond to the challenge of providing aftercare support for vulnerable learners. To use the ideas from the brainstorming session to inform the development of a draft set of ideas for an aftercare strategy.
Childhood TB was written to enable healthcare workers to learn about the primary care of children with tuberculosis. It covers: introduction to TB infection, the clinical presentation, diagnosis, management and prevention of tuberculosis in children
Birth Defects was written for healthcare workers who look after individuals with birth defects, their families, and women who are at increased risk of giving birth to an infant with a birth defect. This book is being used in the Genetics Education Programme which trains healthcare workers in genetic counselling in South Africa. It covers: modes of inheritance, medical genetic counselling, birth defects due to chromosomal abnormalities, single gene defects, teratogens, multifactorial inheritance
E-commerce has the potential to alleviate poverty in developing countries in several ways:
1) It reduces transaction costs and barriers to entry by allowing sellers in poor countries to reach buyers globally without intermediaries, improving market efficiency.
2) It gives producers a global reach beyond local and national markets, bringing some economic gains through increased sales.
3) By improving access to information, e-commerce reduces information costs for actors in developing countries and allows them to better participate in the global economy.
4) It creates new business opportunities for entrepreneurs through virtual enterprises and digital products that can reach markets without a local presence.
However, the document notes that other supporting factors are also needed for e-commerce
The document discusses e-commerce and its relevance in the modern world. It begins by defining e-commerce as trading products or services using computer networks and technologies like the internet. It then discusses different types of e-commerce including business to business, business to consumer, business to government, consumer to consumer, and mobile commerce. The document also outlines advantages like lower costs, higher margins, and better productivity, as well as disadvantages such as security issues, need for scalable systems, and lack of personal interaction. It concludes by emphasizing the importance of e-commerce management skills and training for business success in today's digital era.
Brief introduction to the issues of electronic business and information technology impact on business - suitable for activating first year business students.
This document describes the development of an online shopping system called EasyShop for developing countries. EasyShop allows buyers and sellers to conduct online shopping and transactions using recharge cards instead of credit/debit cards, which are not widely accessible. The system was developed using ASPX/C# and MySQL. It includes modules for user registration, product browsing, shopping cart, payment, and delivery. UML diagrams including use case, class, and state diagrams were used in the design. The system aims to address issues with traditional markets like needing physical contact between buyers and sellers and inflexibility. It also allows even those in rural areas to shop online using recharge cards.
The document provides information on e-commerce and e-business models. It defines e-commerce as buying and selling of goods and services over electronic systems like the internet. E-business is broader and includes using technology to improve business processes internally and externally. Some common e-commerce models discussed are the storefront model, marketplace model, information model, and community model. The storefront model involves companies selling directly through an online storefront, while the marketplace model involves retailers selling through larger marketplaces like Amazon.
E-Commerce : E-commerce: Evolution. Meaning and Type, Payment Mechanism in
Cyberspace, Advertising and Taxation vis-a-vis E-commerce, Consumer Protection
in Cyberspace, Online Contracts, Forms of Online Contracts, Features of Online
Contracts, Issues Emerging from Online Contracting,
Factors affecting growth of E Business in IndiaAyaz Shariff
The document discusses factors affecting the growth of e-business in India and its impact on small and medium enterprises (SMEs). It identifies several barriers to e-business growth in India, including issues related to information technology/security, customer perceptions, technology, infrastructure, regulations, and user interfaces. However, e-business provides opportunities for SMEs to expand into global markets at reduced costs. The document proposes a model for e-business in rural agricultural markets to connect farmers, traders, and consumers.
The internet- a modern form of sales promotionAvram Ana-Maria
The document discusses the internet and electronic commerce. It begins by explaining that the internet and World Wide Web have become major forces of change in society, bringing both challenges and opportunities. It then provides details on the structure and characteristics of the digital economy and electronic commerce. The digital economy consists of four levels - internet infrastructure, digital applications, intermediaries, and online transactions. Electronic commerce allows businesses and individuals to conduct transactions electronically and has several models including business-to-business, business-to-consumer, and consumer-to-consumer. Successful commercial websites aim to distribute information about a company's products and services to both current and potential customers and investors.
Electronic commerce some implications for firms and workers in developing cou...Alwyn Didar Singh
The potential of eCommerce is no more a matter of debate. From the world of hype and fantasy it has moved into that of digital reality. Electronic commerce looms large on the horizons of tomorrow, and it promises to transform trade and industry in ways not yet imagined or comprehended. Its impact of course is expected to go far beyond commerce to affect the lives of millions of Internet users, consumers, workers and producers.
E-commerce refers to the buying and selling of goods or services using the internet and involves the transfer of money and data to complete transactions electronically. There are several types of e-commerce including business-to-business (B2B), business-to-consumer (B2C), consumer-to-consumer (C2C), and business-to-government (B2G). E-commerce provides advantages such as faster transactions, global reach, and lower costs. However, it also faces limitations including the inability to physically examine products and issues with internet access and security. Factors such as technology, laws and regulations, economics, and social/cultural trends influence e-commerce.
Thanks for the videos! Management Information Systems. http://toptenmba.com
See full list of MIS Videos: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=51uGOkJrqD8&list=PLRYuVYJhTowQx144mVepzY_ZEL5-frcBh
Free MIS Ebooks 2016: https://drive.google.com/drive/u/1/folders/0ByL8IO2RG9cVZDZ6QWhiWVI0bms
Free Case Study Guides and Suggested Answers:http://www.topten.edu.vn/mba-cases/54-mba-management-information-systems
Management Information Systems,
Popular MIS cases,
MIS,
Lectures,
Case study,
MIS Case study,
MIS Lectures,
MBA MIS course,
Management Information Systems lectures,
MIS lectures,
What is Management Information Systems,
Understanding Management Information System,
Overview of Management Information Systems,
MIS Movies,
business intelligence,
SCM, CRM, ERP,
building information systems,
clouds,
knowledge management,
IS development,
e-government,
Industry 4.0,
mobile commerce,
toptenmba,
local commerce,
social commerce,
emarketing,
has gone Google,
digital marketing,
laudon,
what is electronic commerce,
overview of ecommerce,
ecommerce lectures,
ecommerce case study,
IT Project management,
Agile methodology,
Waterfall,
IS Management,
IS Security,
Social media,
Managing Global Systems,
Managing IT Projects,
bai giang he thong thong tin quan ly,
bai giang HTTT,
bai giang HTTTQL,
bai tap tinh huong,
bai giang,
HTTTQL,
bai tap tinh huong,
giai thich thuat ngu,
Ecommerce Managers,
nguyen van thoan,
http://toptenmba.com
http://topten.edu.vn
www.toptenmba.com
www.topten.edu.vn
Webit Expo & Conferences is the biggest event for digital business and marketing in Central-Eastern Europe and the 5-th biggest in Europe with over 6000 visitors and more than 80 speakers.
E-Commerce in Developing Countries: A Case Study on the Factors Affecting E-c...IJERA Editor
The rapid development and increasing spread of e-commerce technology utilization have led to inspiring more Libyan companies to inaugurate web sites on the internet, in order to make much benefit from the services render thereon, to increase the mutual exchanges between these companies and other states, in such a manner as to save time and cost and stock as well as to create a competitive advantage. However, there are some obstacles which impede making benefit from the advantages and opportunities the e-commerce attempts to make.The paper aimed to determine the most important obstacles that are facing the implementation of commerce, that is to say, technological, Legal, human and organizational obstacles in the Libyan companies. This is on one hand, however, the paper aimed, on the other, to know whether there is a correlation that is statistically significant between such obstacles as to affect the implementation of e-commerce and the level of utilization of the same by industrial and commercial companies in Libya.Findings have shown, on the whole, that there is a high positive correlation of statistical significance at (α = 0.01) and (α =0.05) levels between the obstacles which affect commerce and the level of e-commerce utilization, this is pursuant to the points of view of the managers of the companies in question.The paper has reached a number of findings which have shown the fact that there are many obstacles which may impede the growth of commerce in Libya. This is in addition to other significant findings the paper has reached. However, the paper has suggested a number of recommendations to help develop e-commerce in Libya.This paper also contributes substantially to enrich the applied research studies on commerce and its applied activities and provides in details the related debate on the similarities and proposals for future studies.
E-commerce with no doubt has influenced the global business environment to some
greater levels. However, several organizations still trust technologies, applications
and infrastructures which can bring more profits and fames to their businesses.
Mobile commerce is one such innovative environment in which mobile computing
and wireless technologies are capable of centering the attraction of customers in an
absolute way. M-commerce has become the all-time favorite area of interest of
today’s firms. Right from the day m-commerce revolution began, it is creating
opportunities for mobile devices and services. Recent statistics and predictions
indicate that m-commerce is currently generating more strategic advantages to firms
both in terms of revenue and popularity. In this paper, we’ll study about the impact
m-commerce has created in today’s businesses.
Online Banking Sector Trends : Users to the core of innovationTommi Pelkonen
IND Group Seminar presentation Nov 24, 2011.
The next wave in digital services for the banking industry customers: From products & transaction-focus towardsend-user-need –orientation
This document provides an overview of e-business and e-commerce. It defines e-business as the digital enablement of transactions and processes within a firm using information systems under the firm's control. E-business applications primarily involve applying digital technologies to internal business processes. E-commerce refers specifically to commercial activities involving an exchange of value over the internet. The document outlines different types of e-business models including business-to-consumer, business-to-business, and consumer-to-consumer, as well as technology-based models like peer-to-peer and mobile commerce. It also discusses the benefits, limitations, and key aspects of e-business and e-commerce.
Effectiveness implementation of e commerce in the developing countries empiri...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the effectiveness of e-commerce implementation in developing countries, using Jordan as a case study. The study aims to analyze factors affecting consumer online purchasing trends in Jordan and identify opportunities and risks of e-commerce. A survey was conducted with 177 participants in Jordan. The findings show that quality, price and global access are driving e-commerce's importance. However, the study also sought to identify other key factors for e-commerce success, such as product quality, security of payments, and the sufficiency of consumer protection laws.
The purpose of this toolkit is to use a brainstorming technique to come up with creative ideas respond to the challenge of providing aftercare support for vulnerable learners. To use the ideas from the brainstorming session to inform the development of a draft set of ideas for an aftercare strategy.
Childhood TB was written to enable healthcare workers to learn about the primary care of children with tuberculosis. It covers: introduction to TB infection, the clinical presentation, diagnosis, management and prevention of tuberculosis in children
Birth Defects was written for healthcare workers who look after individuals with birth defects, their families, and women who are at increased risk of giving birth to an infant with a birth defect. This book is being used in the Genetics Education Programme which trains healthcare workers in genetic counselling in South Africa. It covers: modes of inheritance, medical genetic counselling, birth defects due to chromosomal abnormalities, single gene defects, teratogens, multifactorial inheritance
Newborn Care: Skills workshop Respiratory distress and apnoeaSaide OER Africa
Newborn Care was written for healthcare workers providing special care for newborn infants in level 2 hospitals. It covers: resuscitation at birth, assessing infant size and gestational age, routine care and feeding of both normal and high-risk infants, the prevention, diagnosis and management of hypothermia, hypoglycaemia, jaundice, respiratory distress, infection, trauma, bleeding and congenital abnormalities, communication with parents
Newborn Care: Skills workshop Temperature control and hypothermiaSaide OER Africa
Newborn Care was written for healthcare workers providing special care for newborn infants in level 2 hospitals. It covers: resuscitation at birth, assessing infant size and gestational age, routine care and feeding of both normal and high-risk infants, the prevention, diagnosis and management of hypothermia, hypoglycaemia, jaundice, respiratory distress, infection, trauma, bleeding and congenital abnormalities, communication with parents
Growth monitoring is an essential part of primary health care for children. It involves regularly measuring a child's weight, height, and head circumference and plotting the measurements on a growth chart called a centile chart. The centile chart shows the range of normal sizes for children of different ages and allows growth to be assessed over time. A child's growth curve is determined by plotting their size measurements from multiple visits on a centile chart and connecting the dots with a line.
The guidelines and the five priority areas identified by Department of Education offer a framework that supports the development of a school HIV and AIDS policy. The guidelines and priorities can also be used to review your school's existing HIV and AIDS policy and determine how adequate it is and what changes may be necessary
Reading: Guidelines for Inclusive Learning Programmes (pdf)Saide OER Africa
A reading to accompany Unit Six of the module: Teaching and Learning Mathematics in Diverse Classrooms. This Reading consists of two extracts from a document "Guidelines for Inclusive Education Learning Programmes" produced by the Department of Education in June 2005.
Hafsah Hashim - Adoption of digital technologies for SMEs: React, Reflect and...OECD CFE
20-21 February 2018, Mexico City: Workshop on building business linkages that books SME productivity.
http://www.oecd.org/cfe/smes/workshop-on-building-business-linkages-that-boost-SME-productivity.htm
IRJET- E-Commerce for Economic Development in NigeriaIRJET Journal
This document discusses e-commerce for economic development in Nigeria. It identifies several barriers hindering the adoption of e-commerce in Nigeria, including lack of ICT infrastructure, security concerns about online transactions, and cultural issues. The study developed a secure platform for Nigerian-made goods to help address security risks. It used object-oriented design for the interface and WordPress with MySQL for the front-end and back-end. The document argues that overcoming barriers like security, infrastructure, and awareness will allow Nigeria to gain substantial economic benefits from embracing e-commerce.
Use Of The Internet, Intranets, And Extranets By Companies...Monica Rivera
Google Inc. is one of the world's most well-known companies for its dominance in internet search engines and numerous other online services through acquisitions. It revolutionized search engines by utilizing its PageRank algorithm to determine the importance of websites and providing highly relevant search results to users. Google has expanded into other areas like online advertising, email, maps, productivity software and hardware through strategic acquisitions of companies like YouTube, DoubleClick, Android and more.
1. The document discusses the scope, needs, and importance of e-commerce. It describes how e-commerce involves buying and selling products over the internet and other networks using technologies like online payments and inventory management.
2. The document outlines several areas of business that e-commerce impacts, including marketing, computer science, finance, economics, and operations management. E-commerce allows for faster order processing, mass customization, and reduced costs.
3. The document emphasizes that e-commerce levels the playing field for small and medium businesses to compete globally. It also provides developing countries more access to international markets. Overall, e-commerce has significantly changed traditional business models and customer relationships.
1) The document discusses electronic commerce (e-commerce) in Morocco, including definitions of e-commerce, the different domains of e-commerce, advantages, and the current state of e-commerce in Morocco.
2) E-commerce in Morocco is still embryonic, with most companies not practicing e-commerce despite being computerized and using the internet. The top constraints to e-commerce development in Morocco are lack of security in internet transactions, lack of customer trust, and lack of legislation regulating e-commerce.
3) For e-commerce to develop in Morocco, the document suggests raising awareness, establishing legislation, and facilitating administrative procedures to give consumers and entrepreneurs more confidence in e-commerce
Electronic commerce (e-commerce) involves the buying and selling of goods and services over the internet. It includes business-to-business (B2B), business-to-consumer (B2C), and consumer-to-consumer (C2C) transactions. E-commerce has grown significantly since the 1990s with the rise of the internet and World Wide Web. It provides benefits like lower costs, greater convenience, and access to a global market, but also limitations such as the inability to physically examine products. Emerging models include mobile commerce, online marketplaces, and social commerce.
This document provides an overview of electronic commerce and discusses various aspects of its technological framework. It describes 6 layers that make up the architecture for electronic commerce applications: 1) application services, 2) brokerage and data management, 3) interfaces and support, 4) secure messaging, 5) middleware services, and 6) network infrastructure. Each layer provides distinct functions to enable integration, data sharing, and transactions across organizations. The document also discusses specific technologies and standards that comprise the different layers, such as EDI, HTML, and encryption, which work together to facilitate electronic commerce.
This document provides an overview of electronic commerce and discusses its various components. It describes the six layers that make up the architectural framework for electronic commerce: 1) applications services, 2) brokerage and data management, 3) interface and support layers, 4) secure messaging and document interchange, 5) middleware services, and 6) network infrastructure. Each layer is discussed in one to two paragraphs to explain its purpose and role in enabling electronic commerce.
The document discusses the architectural framework for electronic commerce. It proposes that the framework consists of six layers of functionality: 1) application services, 2) brokerage services, 3) interface and support layers, 4) secure messaging and document interchange, 5) middleware and structured document interchange, and 6) network infrastructure and communication services. These layers work together to integrate information access and exchange across applications, enabling a seamless transition between current and future computing resources.
This document discusses an academic project on electronic commerce submitted by Rahul Mathur, a third-year student of Bachelor of Computer Applications. It contains an acknowledgement and outlines the various chapters of the project report, including introductions to electronic commerce and the world wide web, the architectural framework for electronic commerce, and technology behind the web. It provides an overview of the changing retail industry and drivers for electronic commerce adoption.
earning money through e marketing or e commerce may be amazing sound if followed by perfect strategies so hope my e book inside this make some knowledgeble sense
This document provides an introduction to e-commerce, including its meaning and key features. E-commerce refers to conducting business electronically, including buying and selling online. It began with electronic data interchange between businesses but has expanded to include business-to-consumer transactions via the internet. The document discusses how e-commerce benefits businesses through improved communication, data exchange, and transaction capabilities compared to traditional methods. It also provides several definitions of e-commerce from different perspectives.
Modern businesses are increasingly relying on information and communication technologies (ICT) to drive revenue, reduce costs, and gain competitive advantages. Some of the major ICT trends highlighted in the presentation include social media networking, next generation business analytics and data mining, cloud computing, enterprise mobility, and increased adoption of ICT by small and medium enterprises. These technologies allow businesses to better understand customers, improve operations and efficiencies, and adapt to changing business needs.
E-business refers to the conduct of business on the Internet and the transformation of key business processes through Internet technologies. It includes direct business activities like marketing, sales, and HR as well as indirect activities that impact business processes and efficiency. E-commerce is a major subset of e-business and refers specifically to buying and selling of products, services, and information online, typically through business-to-consumer and business-to-business transactions. There are several types of e-commerce models including B2C, B2B, C2C, and business-to-government. E-business has significant impacts on areas like marketing, production, management information systems, and human resources. Key drivers of e-business adoption
Why we need ecommerce website Development Company in USAMycrainx
Mycrainx is the perfect solution for eCommerce website development in USA, eCommerce website development in Canada, Custom mobile app development company in USA, Leading Software Company in USA, Custom mobile app development company in Canada, Leading Software Company in Canada. So keep visiting our websites to get update on regular basis.
E-business refers to conducting business over the internet and integrating internet technologies into various business processes. It allows companies to attract and retain customers, streamline supply chains, automate processes, and make better business decisions using data analytics. To be an e-business requires integrating various applications like e-commerce websites, supply chain management, CRM, and ERP. The integration of these applications and business processes both within and across companies is key to realizing the benefits of e-business. E-business trends indicate it will continue growing globally and revolutionizing how companies interact with customers and partners.
Food & Drink Sector and ICT (Darts Farm)guest149b0
The document summarizes a project by Devon County Council and COSMIC to help the food and drink sector in Devon improve their use of information and communication technologies (ICT). The project found that businesses need to enhance their access to new markets, product development, distribution, and contracts through better use of ICT. It involved events and case studies to demonstrate ICT's value, identifying training needs, and developing and delivering training courses and software subsidies.
The document summarizes a project by Devon County Council and COSMIC to help the food and drink sector in Devon improve their use of information and communication technologies (ICT). The project found that businesses in the sector need to enhance their use of ICT to access new markets, develop products, improve distribution, and gain new contracts. The project stages include events and case studies to demonstrate ICT's value, identifying training needs, and developing and delivering training courses and software subsidies.
The document summarizes a project by Devon County Council and COSMIC to help the food and drink sector in Devon improve their use of information and communication technologies (ICT). The project found that businesses in the sector need to enhance their use of ICT to access new markets, develop products, improve distribution, and gain new contracts. The project stages include events and case studies to demonstrate ICT's value, identifying training needs, developing training courses, and providing software subsidies to businesses that complete training.
Similar to Farmer's Agribusiness Training Course: Module 4 - ICT in Support of Farming. Lesson 5: e-Business (20)
Asp openly licensed stories for early reading in africa mar 2015 slideshareSaide OER Africa
A recent presentation made by Tessa Welch, the African Storybook Project leader, to University of Pretoria Education students on the project and on openly licensed stories for early reading in Africa.
Quality Considerations in eLearning in South Africa. Presentation at the eLearning Summit, Indaba Hotel, 16 October 2014. Looks the the quality review process and quality criteria.
African Storybook: The First 18 Months of the ProjectSaide OER Africa
Presentation by African Storybook Initiative Leader, Tessa Welch, on the first 18 months of the initiative. Presented on 26 June at the African Storybook Summit at the University of British Columbia.
Digital Storytelling for Multilingual Literacy Development: Implications for ...Saide OER Africa
Digital Storytelling for Multilingual Literacy Development: Implications for Teachers - Presentation by Tessa Welch at the South African Basic Education Conference 31 March - 1 April 2014. Presentation explains Saide's African Storybook Initiative. Overview: Requirements for effective literacy development of young children in African countries; obstacles to achieving this goal; multi-pronged approach to overcoming obstacles; examples of digital storytelling in a school community; implications for teachers.
This document provides an overview of technology trends and outlook for African higher education. It discusses key drivers and constraints to integrating technology, including motivators like access to resources and constraints like low digital fluency of faculty. Current trends include growing social media usage, blended learning, and data-driven assessment. The document outlines different modes of educational provision from fully offline to fully online. It provides an outlook on emerging technologies like flipped classrooms, learning analytics, and 3D printing and their potential impact on higher education in both the short and long term. The talk concludes by emphasizing that technology should support, not replace, good teaching practices.
eLearning or eKnowledge - What are we offering students?Saide OER Africa
eLearning or eKnowledge - What are we offering students? A look at the convergence of elearning and eknowledge, looking at the purpose of the design - informational or instructional? Presented at the Unisa Cambridge Open and Distance eLearning Conference, Stellenbosch.
Presentation given at the Online and eLearining Conference organised by Knowledge Resources at the Forum, Bryanston, Johannesburg 28-29 August 2013. Created by Greig Krull, Sheila Drew and Brenda Mallinson.
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This module gives an overview of what management and leadership is about in a school setting. As an aspiring principal it begins a process of developing understanding about the challenges that face principals on a daily basis and allows you to also explore your own realities and decide on new and better action. In addition, you will look at some of the international trends in management and leadership and will compare what is happening in the South Africa scene to others.
Toolkit: Unit 8 - Developing a school-based care and support plan.Saide OER Africa
The document provides guidance to school management teams on developing a school-based care and support plan. It includes tools to help schools analyze the needs of vulnerable learners, create a vision statement, conduct a SWOT analysis, and identify strategic goals. The tools would help schools understand the challenges they face in supporting vulnerable students, develop a plan to address these challenges, and establish goals and objectives in key areas like nutrition, aftercare, counseling, and HIV/AIDS education.
Toolkit: Unit 7 - Counselling support for vulnerable learners.Saide OER Africa
The purpose of this toolkit is to conduct a situational analysis or assessment that will help you to understand the size of the challenge and the current capacity of your school to set up a counselling service. To assist you to decide on the most suitable options for implementing counselling support in your school context.
There are different ways of combating discrimination and creating a safe and nonthreatening environment at school. An important contribution can be made by implementing an Anti-Bullying Policy
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The purpose of this toolkit is to understand what threatens the quality of education in your school so that you can take informed action to remedy the situation.
Reading: Understanding Intrapersonal Characteristics (Word)Saide OER Africa
Here are a few key points about Joseph based on the description:
- He struggles to focus, follow instructions, and complete work. This suggests difficulties with attention, executive functioning, and/or self-regulation.
- He is easily distracted and fidgety. This could indicate an attention issue like ADHD.
- He has quick temper outbursts. This points to potential difficulties with emotional regulation.
- The water spill incident triggered an extreme reaction, rather than a calm response like Martha's. This reinforces the idea of challenges with emotional control.
Overall, Joseph seems to exhibit signs of difficulties with attention, self-control, and emotional regulation - all of which could interfere with his ability to function
Reading: Understanding Intrapersonal Characteristics (pdf)Saide OER Africa
The impact of intrapersonal characteristics on school performance and learner development - A reading to accompany Unit Six of the module: Teaching and Learning Mathematics in Diverse Classrooms. This reading is useful because it summaraizes the various theoretical perspectives for understanding inclusive education, and because it uses case studies of typical learners to illustrate how teaching and learning activities need to be adapted to ensure that all children, no matter what their background or intrapersonal characteristics do learn mathematics.
Reading: Guidelines for Inclusive Learning Programmes (word)Saide OER Africa
A reading to accompany Unit Six of the module: Teaching and Learning Mathematics in Diverse Classrooms. This Reading consists of two extracts from a document "Guidelines for Inclusive Education Learning Programmes" produced by the Department of Education in June 2005.
Professional Learning Communities for Teacher Development: The Collaborative ...Saide OER Africa
The goal of the research and development Data-Informed Practice Improvement Project (DIPIP) was to create a context for professional conversations in which mathematics teachers, together with university academics, graduate students, and government-based subject advisors, discussed what information test data can provide to help think about reasons for learner errors and how these might be addressed through collaborative lesson planning, teaching and reflection.
This project report addresses the first of the outcomes of the project:
A documented collaborative enquiry process through which academics, subject facilitators and school teachers together discuss what data suggests about reasons for learner errors and how these insights might be addressed through joint lesson planning and reflection.
This module is aimed at helping you perform these roles to the best of your ability. As such, it provides you with information on assessment and evaluation in general and on outcomes-based assessment in particular. It attempts to show you how assessment contributes to quality teaching and learning and how it promotes accountability. Most importantly, though, it places assessment in context, indicating how it could be used as a tool for transformation
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Paper presented by Tessa Welch and Ingrid Sapire to the TEP Consortium conference: 'Teacher development and institutional change in an evolving education context', 29 May 2007, Benoni
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptxEduSkills OECD
Iván Bornacelly, Policy Analyst at the OECD Centre for Skills, OECD, presents at the webinar 'Tackling job market gaps with a skills-first approach' on 12 June 2024
Farmer's Agribusiness Training Course: Module 4 - ICT in Support of Farming. Lesson 5: e-Business
1. 20
MODULE4: ICT in Support of Farming
LESSON 5: e-Business
TIME: 1 hour 36 minutes
AUTHOR: Walter Wanyama / Dalton Ndirangu
This lesson was made possible with the assistance of the following organisations:
Farmer's Agribusiness Training by United States International University is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.
Based on a work at www.oerafrica.org
2. MODULE 4
5
ICT in Support of Farming
e-Business
LESSON
AUTHOR:
TIME:
Walter Wanyama /
1 hour 36 Dalton Ndirangu
minutes
OUTCOMES:
:
On completion participants will:
1. Have had a first look at online
businesses, specifically
• Value proposition,
• Dealings with suppliers,
• Operations differences,
• Customer acquisition issues.
2. Be able to determine if any of the
firm‟s advantages are
sustainable.
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Module 4: ICT in Support of Farming Lesson 5: e-Business
3. INTRODUCTION:
:
Technology:
Several years ago e-business was hampered by a lack of hardware,
software and poor connectivity. But now African capitals have more
than adequate connectivity and there is no shortage of capable ICT
companies able to provide the hardware, software and hosting
required. The entry level costs, however, remain high in terms of
computer equipment, but not in trained and capable staff. It looks
like the technical buildings blocks are in place but what is now
needed are more entrepreneurs to exploit the possibilities.
Payment:
If you're entering the e-Commerce arena some kind of payment has
to take place. If you're merely migrating existing business to the
Internet, then you will most likely continue with the old payment
mechanisms that you have been using offline. If, however, your
business is going to rely on taking payments over the Internet, then
you have some thinking to do. For the e-commerce amateur there
are a variety of solutions such as PayPal or NoChex that allow for
'members' of the service to take and receive payments between
each other.
Marketing:
Part of the expectations of e-Business is that the producers were
going to be able to trade directly with customers, cutting out all the
middle men and liberating huge amounts of money. So far things
haven't quite turned out like that. One of the first things we have to
do is to define what we mean by 'middle men'. Although they are
often touted as exploiters, in fact 'middle-men' also offer valuable
services such as ensuring quality or expediting sales in other
locations. They are 'middle men' but they are also valuable links in
the chain. We also have to face the fact that there are 'middle men'
who do exploit – and who block business happening until they get
their share. They're not going to give up just because of new
technology so, e-Business or not, they have to be factored into the
supply chains.
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Module 4: ICT in Support of Farming Lesson 5: e-Business
4. Shipping and trade barriers:
If you're lucky enough to be selling an electronic product, delivery is
easier that physical products. If not you need to consider how you
will distribute your products. For small products there are a choice
of couriers – unfortunately, they're expensive, especially in relation
to African economies. It is not uncommon for the shipping for an
eShopAfrica order to cost more than the products and they lose
orders because of this. There are also the options of air freight and
sea freight but all of us who have had experience with these sectors
know that they are not exactly 'click and go'. They are labour
intensive and very costly time wise – and there are a lot of 'middle
men'! All these things have to be factored into the price of your
product.
In Kenya, individual organizations have been trying to undertake e-
Business activities: m-Transactions are taking place. If we can
make use of m-Payments, then why can‟t we transform agriculture
and make e-Farming?
Are businesses any better with the introduction of technology driven
businesses?In the past, only the big players could afford to invest
the time and strategic resources needed to localize their websites,
and even they didn‟t always invest enough to do it well. But today,
more and more companies and farmer organizations are harnessing
the power of the internet to globalize their businesses and tap
revenue streams from across the world. The stakes have changed
since the early days of e-business. In this age of global business,
engaging only one nation‟s consumer base is a sure way to plateau
your organization‟s revenue and growth.
The Agricultural producer / farmer cannot be left behind in terms of
embracing technology for revenue growth. We refer to the Winsor
Farm case study where the owners have opened about eleven (11)
shop outlets for their products and a farm to manage using
technology. Fig 1 below illustrates possible technologies for value
addition in farming activities (E-Farming Activities).
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Module 4: ICT in Support of Farming Lesson 5: e-Business
5. E-Farming activities Farming activities
Layer (Farmers)
Mobile Commerce and Internet (e.g. Farmer’s Agribusiness Call Centres
Technology information e.g. payments (support farmer’s activities
Market Online, online
layer information for farming e.g. access to markets
activities)
Computer/Mobile Computer Software
Hardware investment investments
Empowermen
Access to Enlarged Local and Global Markets as well as beneficial services through
t Layer
technology which is the foundation to access to these services
Fig 1: ICT forms the basis of farmer empowerment
An obvious example, see Diagram 1 below: How farmers are
benefiting by investing time and resources in Information and
Communication Technology is the „Farmer‟s Market Online web
page‟ which provides vital information on how farmers can use ICT
to advance the marketing activities of their products.
Diagram 1: Farmer’s Market Online
(http://www.farmersmarketonline.com/index.htm)
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Module 4: ICT in Support of Farming Lesson 5: e-Business
6. What is e-Business?
What is e-Business? e-Business (electronic business), derived from such terms as
"e-mail" “e-commerce” and "e-marketing," is the conducting of business using
technology(computers, mobile phone or the Internet (the web)), not only buying and
selling, but also servicing customers, downloading information from available web sources
and collaborating with business partners.
.
E- E-commerce
Procurement
E-Start-up
E-Marketing
E-Business
E-Shop
Figure 2: Branches of e-Business
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Module 4: ICT in Support of Farming Lesson 5: e-Business
7. e-Mail Marketing, Short Messaging Marketing (SMS) and Electronic
Commerce
e-Mail marketing (e-Marketing) and Electronic Commerce (e-Commerce) have grown
rapidly among value-added businesses focusing on marketing directly to consumers.
Internet marketing offers a low cost method of reaching a wide variety of
consumers. Although special care is needed for marketing perishable food products, e-
Marketing and e-Commerce are something you may want to consider for your business.
Study the following images and tables to see a number of different services and strategies.
.
Diagram 2: FreshDirect Agricultural online business operator with prices;
Farmers example of Winsor Ltd have a high potential of success of
placing the products online for the wider market going beyond the 11
outlet shops.
Page 203
Module 4: ICT in Support of Farming Lesson 5: e-Business
8. Diagram 3: Production line, with value addition on farm produce; prices are
set through the computer software to increase efficiencies on the production.
This means with using technology, internal processes can be computerised.
4: Discounting production online to attract the buyers (consumers); just
Page 204
like on face to face business transaction, buyers have the possibility of
bargaining for the products online
Module 4: ICT in Support of Farming Lesson 5: e-Business
9. e-Marketing Tools
Marketing on the Internet The most commonly used Internet marketing tools are e-mail and
the World Wide Web. But mobile marketing is becoming popular.
Effective On-line Marketing With new sites on the World Wide Web popping up daily, it's hard
to stand out in the crowd. This article on „Small Business Notes‟
website provides some excellent tips to get you started.
Email Marketing „Return On www.Bplans.com - Use this calculator to determine the ROI
Investment‟ Calculator (return on investment) for your email campaigns. Based on your
marketing campaign, results and expected results, your ROI will
automatically be calculated. Use this tool to test different
scenarios and see results.
Farmer's Market Online This Web site offers a place in cyberspace for producers who are
marketing directly to consumers. It is a platform for marketing
your products online to consumers at a small fee.
Marketing without Spam NOLO Law for All –e-Mail marketing can be an effective
marketing tool or an incredible annoyance. This resource shows
you how to do it right.
Articles on E-Mail Marketing www.SalesVantage.comhas a variety of topics on how to market
with e-mail.
e-Marketing e-Mail marketing is one of the most effective ways to keep in
touch with customers.Use this link to US Small Business
Administration‟s (SBA) website to learn more about e-Marketing.
Page 205
Module 4: ICT in Support of Farming Lesson 5: e-Business
10. e-Commerce Tools
e-Commerce Should you sell your products and services on the Internet? Use
this resource at Small Business Notes to assess whether your
business would benefit.
Doing Business on the World Wide Many businesses want to get into online business, and, certainly,
Web some companies are scoring big sales on the World Wide Web.
Market Analysis for Your Online www.bplans.com - Market analysis is the foundation of the Web
Business plan.
Website Conversion Rate www.bplans.com- This calculator allows you to see the impact
Calculator improving your website conversion rate has on your total online
sales. Enter your visitors and total orders, and you can see what
an increase in conversion can do.
Adding E-business to your Agri- Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Alberta, Canada - This
business document provides general information and links to sources of e-
business information.
E-commerce and Internet Should a small business get on the Web?
Resources
E-commerce FAQ www.business.gov – Answer to questions commonly asked about
E-commerce
National Information E-commerce guide
Clearinghouse
Doing Business on the Internet www.lawyers.com- What laws govern business on the Internet?
What kind of lawyer do I need for a legal problem involving the
FAQ Internet? What are the legal requirements for creating a Web
page?
E-commerce Basics Cisco SBA Internet Business Fundamentals – Educational video.
Articles on E-Commerce www.salesvantage.com - A variety of topics relating to e-
commerce.
Page 206
Module 4: ICT in Support of Farming Lesson 5: e-Business
11. Activity 1
2-Business web investigation (15 Minutes)
Using any search engine (e.g., www.google.com, www.yahoo.com or
www.AltaVista.cometc.) search the Internet for information on the following:
I. Web promotion good practice
II. Tips for designing your website for e-business
III. How to start an e-commerce website
Procedure to follow:
I. Start the computer
II. Select the „Start‟ button on the bottom left side of the computer
III. From the Start Menu open an Internet browser programme (e.g. FireFox or
Internet Explorer, see diagram 5 below)
IV. Navigate to Google by typing www.google.com in the browser‟s URL field.
V. In Google type topics listed on activity 1 (e.g.Web promotion good practice,
Tips for designing your website for e-business or How to start an e-
commerce website. See diagram 6)
VI. Note: Exercise -- write a short paragraph on each of thetopics listed on
activity 1 (i., ii., and iii.,) using information from the websites you have
visited.
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Diagram 6: Google Search engine
Diagram 5: Start Menu
Module 4: ICT in Support of Farming Lesson 5: e-Business
12. Activity 2
Mobile Tasks (25 Minutes)
Students should perform the following mobile commerce demos (using
Safaricom line)
I. Sending money to other persons
You can send or transfer money to any other mobile phone user, even if they
are not a Safaricom subscriber. To send money you must first deposit cash
into your own M-PESA account.
To send money, go to the „Safaricom‟ menu and select „M-PESA‟.
Select „Send Money‟.
Enter your recipient‟s phone number, the amount you wish to send and
your PIN.
You will receive a screen with the information you have entered above,
(e.g. Send money to 0721 108631, Ksh2000) confirm that it is correct then
Press Ok.
You and the recipient will receive an SMS confirming the transaction.
II. Buying Airtime
As an M-PESA customer, you will be able to purchase airtime of Ksh20 –
10,000 for your phone or another Safaricom subscriber. M-PESA value is
separate from your airtime account.
Go to „Buy airtime‟ on your M-PESA menu.
Enter mobile phone number of the phone you are buying airtime for.
Enter amount of airtime you wish to buy.
Enter your M-PESA PIN and then confirm the details. The confirmation
message will read “Buy airtime 0721 108631 Ksh120”, complete
transaction by pressing OK.
You will receive a confirmation SMS from M-PESA.
Safaricom Post Pay customers can also use M-PESA to buy airtime for
prepaid phones.
III. Enquiring about bills
Select "show balance".
Enter your secret PIN.
Wait for SMS confirmation message with your balance.
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Module 4: ICT in Support of Farming Lesson 5: e-Business
13. IV. Paying bills
You need to be an M-PESA registered customer.
Select Pay Bill from your M-PESA menu.
Enter „business number‟ of the company you are paying to*.
Enter the „account number‟ of the bill you wish to pay*.
Enter the amount you wish to pay (between Ksh100 – 35,000).
Enter your M-PESA PIN.
Confirm details are correct and press OK.
V. Switching on the alert messages
Help is at hand with Get-it!!! Get-it 411 is an innovative information service
that allows you to request information by sending an SMS message. The
information that you request is instantlysent back to you by return SMS. All
Safaricom subscribers have access to this service.
You can access Get It 411 services through the SIM tool kit on your mobile
phone.
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Module 4: ICT in Support of Farming Lesson 5: e-Business
14. Money transfers
Money can be transferred easily these days using web services. One way to simply send
money is to use Western Union‟s online services (see diagram 7). They also have a
service which works using mobile technology.
http://www.westernunionmobile.com/howmobile.aspx. A way to receive payments is to
set up a PayPal account (see diagram 8) which makes it safe and easy for people to
send you money. http://www.paypal.com/ke
Diagram 7: Mobile Money transfer through western union, services available with
Safaricom; this demonstrates that payments can be made beyond the regions where
farming takes place.
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Diagram 8: Online payment portal; in case sellers and buyers want to pay each other
using known payment companies e.g. PayPal
Module 4: ICT in Support of Farming Lesson 5: e-Business
15. Extract Case Study from Winsor Ltd
Technology Investment for information gathering
The directors have invested in technology, mobile phones, computers hardware,
telephone landlines, software, manual information storage and diary technology. Most of
the communication between the farm employees is done through mobile communication
with visits to the farm more frequently.
At Winsor Meat Ltd, communication and information transfer is done through the internet,
e-mail, mails, catalogues etc. Storage of information is done through filling of „hard‟ or
paper copies of the business reports. The company also stores „soft‟ copies on the
computer‟s storage devices. Unlike Winsor Meat Ltd, at Winsor Farm, records are still
kept manually and sent to the directors through hand mail or catalogues. Therefore, the
storage and retrieval of information is manual.
Even though the documents enhance decision making and tracking of the performance of
the farm the directors feel that this doesn‟t provide instant information for real time
decision making. It also makes storage, retrieval, transmission and reconciliation of
records difficult. The directors of the farm believe that investing in information gathering
and disseminating tools is the way forward for the growth of both the farm and Winsor
Meat Ltd to achieve efficiency.
Activity 3
Case study (20 minutes)
Read the extract or view the video of the case study of Winsor Farm and note how they
have used technology. Suggest possible ways that the company can use e-Business to
enhance their farming business.
You can access the case study from the Course CD ROM:
Course Resources | Module 4 | Lesson 4 | Case Study: Winsor
Farm
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Module 4: ICT in Support of Farming Lesson 5: e-Business
16. Conclusion
In this lesson we have been introduced to the idea that knowledge of e-Business can
open wide opportunities for farmers to sell their produce beyond borders. Therefore,
technology is an enabling factor for farmers to move away from being a normal
entrepreneur and becoming e-famers or e-entrepreneurs. In the case of Winsor Farm,
they have enhanced their venture by exploiting the e-business model
Summary
The main points of this lesson are:
To build successful e-business venture, organizations must invest in
technology (for example: hardware,software, internet connectivity),
payments systems, marketing of the products through e-marketplaces,
delivery systems such as shipping and trade barriers. This would help
to revolutionize the farming activities and encourage farmers to
transform to becoming e-farmers.
Activity 1 provided hints on how we can utilise available technology on
the web to market products, create relationships, transact by paying
and selling our products online, and create business communities to
disseminate farming information/searching information.
Activity 2 looked at using the mobile devices to do payments, send
money to others, receiving information and purchasing items using a
mobile.
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Module 4: ICT in Support of Farming Lesson 5: e-Business
17. Enrichment Resources
Include here any additional materials/resources that supplement the
lesson.
a) AGNRC:
http://www.agmrc.org/business_development/operating_a_busin
ess/direct_marketing/email_marketing_and_electronic_commerc
e.cfm
b) Farmer‟s Market: http://www.farmersmarketonline.com/
c) NTC: http://www.ntclimited.com/
d) Afrigoods: http://www.afrigoods.org/
Advertising on the Internet
Advertising and Marketing on the Internet – Federal Trade
Commission -- If you're thinking about advertising on the internet,
remember that many of the same rules apply to electronic marketing.
Dot Com Disclosures: Information about On-Line Advertising –
Federal Trade Commission -- Many of the general principles of
advertising law apply to Internet ads, but new issues arise almost as
fast as technology develops.
Legal and Tax Issues
Tax on Internet Sales – NOLO Law for All -- Here's the skinny on
Internet sales tax: who pays it, who doesn't and why it makes a
difference to state governments and brick-and-mortar retailers.
When is an ISP Liable for the Acts of Its Subscribers? – NOLO Law
for All -- In the United States, two federal laws provide a powerful
shield for ISPs that follow the rules. Here's how they work.
Cybersquatting: What It is and What Can be Done About It – NOLO
Law for All -- A 1999 law and an international arbitration procedure
crack down on people looking to profit from other people's
trademarks.
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Module 4: ICT in Support of Farming Lesson 5: e-Business
18. Internet Business Method Patents – NOLO Law for All -- A
company that develops a new way of conducting e-commerce may
be able to prevent others from using it for almost two decades.
Selling on the Internet: Prompt Delivery Rules – Federal Trade
Commission -- Ground rules for making promises about
shipments, notifying customers about unexpected delays, and
refunding consumers' money.
BBB On-line Privacy Seal – Better Business Bureau -- For
consumers shopping on the Internet, privacy is a major concern.
Libel On-line – Lawyers.com -- As defamation law slowly invades
the Internet, more and more people are learning the hard way that
expressions of free speech may not be free at all.
Digital Signature Guidelines – American Bar Association -- In
today's commercial environment, establishing a framework for the
authentication of computer-based information requires a familiarity
with concepts and professional skills from both the legal and
computer security fields.
Electronic Commerce: Legal Issues – U.S. Department of Justice -
- Overview of the legal issues related to Electronic Commerce and
the Department of Justice's response to these issues.
e) Legal Issues - Entrepreneur.com -- A series of articles on
legal issues. Page 214
Module 4: ICT in Support of Farming Lesson 5: e-Business
19. Glossary
List specialist words and provide simplified definitions.
i. M-pesa:
(M for mobile, pesa is Swahili for money) is the product name of a mobile-
phone based money transfer service for Vodafone. Department for
International Development [DFID]. (2008, May 9). Mobile phone banking in
Africa [Video]. Retrieved 10th, April, 2011, from
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TNrDv4PQdCc
ii. E-Business
E-business (electronic business) is a term used to describe businesses run
on the Internet, or utilizing Internet technologies to improve the productivity
or profitability of a business.
iii. E-marketing
e-Marketing is a subset of e-Business that utilises the electronic medium to
perform marketing activities and achieve desired marketing objectives for an
organisation. Internet Marketing, Interactive Marketing and Mobile Marketing for
example, are all a form of e-Marketing.
iv. Search Engines
A search engine is a set of programs which are used to search for
information within a specific realm and collate that information in a
database. People often use this term in reference to an Internet search
engine, a search engine which is specifically designed to search the
Internet, but search engines can also be devised for offline content, such
as a library catalog, the contents of a personal hard drive, or a catalog of
museum collections. Search engines help people to organize and display
information in a way which makes it readily accessible.
v. E-Commerce
E-commerce (electronic commerce or EC) is the buying and selling of
goods and services on the Internet, especially the World Wide Web.
vi. Portals
A portal is a central place for making all types of information accessible to
an audience of varying range.
vii. E-Marketplaces
E-Marketplace Is an internet based trading community that includes many
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suppliers, manufacturers, their channels of distribution, support services
that deliver finished goods and other value-added services
Module 4: ICT in Support of Farming Lesson 5: e-Business