Diabetes is a serious and common disease that affects millions of people worldwide and poses a large economic burden. It has been known for over 1500 years, first being described by ancient Indian physicians. India has a particularly high prevalence of diabetes and accounts for a large proportion of the global diabetic population. The main types of diabetes are type 1 caused by lack of insulin production and type 2 caused by insulin resistance, which accounts for 90% of cases. Risk factors for developing type 2 diabetes include family history, age, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and urbanization. Symptoms include increased thirst, urination, appetite, fatigue, and vision changes.