Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease where the body's immune system destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. Without insulin, glucose builds up in the bloodstream instead of being used for energy. Type 1 diabetes typically develops in childhood or young adulthood and there is currently no known way to prevent it. Symptoms include increased thirst, frequent urination, weight loss, blurred vision, and extreme tiredness. Treatment requires lifelong insulin injections via multiple daily injections or an insulin pump.

1. Type 1 Diabetes
By Eric Lopez
Period. 3

2. Standards
2f Students know the role of chromosomes in
determining an individual’s sex.
9f Students know the individual functions and sites of
secretion of digestive enzymes
(amylases, proteases, nucleases, lipases), stomach
acids, and bile salts.

3. What is type 1 diabetes?
Dictionary Term: A disorder of the
metabolism causing excessive thirst
and the production of large amounts
of urine.
Type 1 diabetes is when your pancreas
can no longer produce insulin. When
we ingest glucose (sugar) it enters our
bloodstream, but this is not possible
without insulin.
Insulin makes it possible for the cells to
take in glucose. Without insulin our
bodies can not receive energy and the
body doesn’t grow, because the
glucose can never enter our
bloodstream. It is a metabolic disorder
because it has to do with our digestive
system and how it breaks down our
nutrients, and this is how it relates to
Diabetes.

4. Diabetes Free!
People without diabetes
have a functioning
pancreas. This means that
the pancreas is giving the
right amount of insulin for
the amount of food a
person might eat. This
means the body’s blood
sugar level is decreasing by
itself.
This happens every time a
person without diabetes
eats.

5. Diabetes
Type 1 Type 2
Cure: None Cure: There is not exactly a cure
but with a health diet, healthy
Treatments: Insulin eating habits, and exercise
diabetes can go away.
injections, food
plans, checking blood sugar Treatment: Diet exercise, weight
regularly, and daily exercise. loss, and medication. Insulin may
be used but it is not common.
Age: 5- 25( Usually around
this age but can occur at any Age: 26-up (Can happen to
age, even birth). younger people, recently even
children).
5%-10% of people with
Diabetes have Type 1. 90%-95% of people with diabetes
have type 2.
Pancreas produce little or no
insulin. Body produces insulin but not
properly.

6. How to prevent type 1
diabetes?
There is no way to prevent type 1 diabetes, little is known about the
disorder. What is known is that some factors that cause it are
genetic and can be because of an exposure to a virus.
Doctors are unable to tell who will have it and who will not, but if a
family member (parents or siblings) have it, the chances are
increased for that entire family.
A mother and a father both give 23 chromosomes to their baby.
From this we have the X and Y chromosome and the 23rd
chromosome from dad determines the sex of the baby. If the y is
present the baby is a boy. The Y chromosome gives characteristics,
and so does the inactive type 1 diabetic gene. If one of the genes
given to the baby is the gene that carries the type 1 diabetes
disorder the child can grow up and be diabetic or the child may not.
What this mean is that like the Y gives male traits to the baby, the
type 1 diabetic gene can determine traits of the baby if the gene is
active.

7. Type 1 Diabetes
Some of the symptoms
are:
Increased thirst and
urination.
Constant hunger
Extreme weight
loss
Blurry vision
Excessive tiredness

8. Symptoms of…
High Blood Sugar Low Blood Sugar
Tired Irritability
Increased Urination Frustration
Thirst Sudden Crying
Weight Loss Extreme Tiredness
Change in vision Confusion
Moodiness Restlessness
Unable to concentrate Unusual Behavior
Tingling of the hands and Seizures
feet
Dazed appearance

9. Gradual Problems
If you have diabetes, many
years later you will have
more problems…
Heart and blood vessel
disease
Nerve damage
Kidney damage
Eye damage
Foot damage
Skin and mouth conditions
Osteoporosis
Pregnancy complications
Hearing problems

10. Some Facts
DIABETES STATISTICS:
In the USA - 2007
17.9m people are diagnosed with diabetes
5.7m people are undiagnosed with diabetes
57m people have pre-diabetes
186,300 (0.22%) people under 20 have diabetes
1 in every 400 to 600 under 20-year olds have Type 1 diabetes
2m adolescents have pre-diabetes
23.5m (10.7%) of those over 20 have diabetes
12.2m of those over 60 have diabetes
12m men (11.2%) have diabetes
11.5m women (10.2%) have diabetes
American Diabetes Association
http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info
/diabetes/

11. Some Facts (Cont.)
“Scientists do know that in most people with type 1
diabetes, their body's own immune system — which
normally fights harmful bacteria and viruses —
mistakenly destroys the insulin-producing (islet) cells
in the pancreas.”

12. Sources
MediLexicon International Ltd(2004-2012) What is Diabetes? What Causes
Diabetes? From Medical News Today. Retrieved(11-5-11)
http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/diabetes/
The Nemours Foundation(1995-2012) About diabetes. From kids health.
Retrieved (11-5-
11)http://kidshealth.org/parent/medical/endocrine/prevention.html#
A.D.A.M Disclaimer inc.(2012) Type 1 diabetes. From Pubmed health.
retrieved(11-13-11)http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001350/
Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research(1998-2012)
Complicatons. From Mayo Clinic. Retrieved(11-14-11)
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/type-1-
diabetes/DS00329/DSECTION=complications
http://www.bing.com/health/article/mayo-MADS00329/Type-1-
diabetes?q=type+1+diabetes&qpvt=type+1+diabetes(11-7-11)© 1998-
cd(MFMER)
http://www.diabeteshome.ca/symptoms-of-diabetes.php(11-5-11) Copyright
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