Extreme Environments
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The document discusses the extreme environmental conditions of the Sahara Desert and how the human body can survive there. It describes the temperatures, lack of water and vegetation in the desert. It explains that humans can survive for a few days without water, and that nomadic people live in the desert by saving energy for cooler times of day. It also summarizes the effects of dehydration on organ systems and natural adaptations the body uses to cool itself in the heat, like sweating.
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![Homeostasis ,[object Object],Human Body: temp-98.6 degrees F Sugar level: between 70-150 mg pH level: between 7.35-7.45 Water balance: incoming is the same or greater than outgoing Blood pressure: less than 120(mm Hg)](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
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The three bodily systems most affected by the Atacama Desert are the integumentary, nervous, and cardiovascular systems. The integumentary system works to cool the body through sweating but this leads to dehydration if water is not replaced. The nervous system is impacted by dehydration which affects brain function. The cardiovascular system distributes nutrients but cannot do so in the desert environment without adequate food and water, which can lead to organ failure and death. Humans can only endure temperatures up to 108 degrees Fahrenheit before death from heat stroke occurs. The body adapts through behaviors like sleeping during the day and physiological responses like sweating and vasodilation to dissipate heat.
Desert Power Point
There are two main types of deserts: sub-deserts which receive 4-16 inches of rain annually and support more vegetation, and hyperarid true deserts which receive less than 4 inches of rain per year and support very little vegetation. Temperatures in deserts experience large daily extremes due to lack of humidity, with average highs of 20-25°C but extreme highs over 40°C. Desert soils are shallow, rocky, and well-draining. Vegetation includes small, thick-leaved shrubs and cacti that conserve water. In extreme heat, the human body can suffer heat stroke, exhaustion, or cramps if unable to regulate temperature through sweating. Fact
Desert Powerpoint
The document summarizes key aspects of the desert biome and human adaptations for survival. It notes that deserts have little rain, high temperatures, and wind. The human body tries to regulate its temperature through sweating, which can cause significant water loss. To survive, humans must replace lost water or risk dehydration and death. The body also conserves water through hormones and limiting urine production. Key body systems like the nervous, excretory, and muscular systems are impacted by the extreme heat and lack of water in the desert environment. The document recommends wearing loose, breathable clothing and sunglasses for protection in desert conditions.
How to survive on a raft
Surviving on a raft presents challenges related to heat, cold, dehydration, and starvation. Thermoregulation through behaviors like clothing layers, sheltering from wind and sun, and fluid balance through water conservation are essential. Hypothermia is a risk in cold water, while dehydration is a risk without adequate water intake. Drinking seawater worsens dehydration. Food provides little energy reserves and starvation is less life-threatening than dehydration over short periods. Behavioral adaptations are key to overcome physiological limits for long-term raft survival.
Wet Tropics
The document discusses homeostasis and how the human body maintains internal equilibrium in the wet tropics climate. It notes that the wet tropics have high humidity and temperatures between 80-90 degrees F during the wet season from November to March. At night, temperatures fall to the low 60s. The body uses several mechanisms to maintain its core temperature, like sweating and shivering. If a person is exposed to extreme heat for too long without water, it can lead to heat cramps, exhaustion, or stroke with core body temperatures over 103 degrees F. Key organ systems like the integumentary, nervous, and circulatory systems help the body regulate temperature in the wet tropical environment.
Adaptation_to_hot_climate_-_Copy.pptx
There are several physiological and behavioral adaptations that allow animals to survive in hot climates. Physiologically, animals can increase blood flow to the skin to dissipate heat through sweating or panting. They also tend to have shorter limbs and smaller bodies to reduce surface area and heat loss. Behaviorally, many animals are only active at night or bury underground to avoid heat during the day. Some animals can also enter a state of estivation like hibernation to lower their metabolism and tolerate higher temperatures.
122-Water.ppt
Water is essential for human life and makes up over 60% of the human body. It serves many critical functions including transporting nutrients, regulating body temperature, lubricating joints, and removing waste. The average adult needs around 6-8 cups of water per day from foods and beverages to maintain proper hydration, though needs can vary depending on activity level, climate, health factors, and more. Dehydration occurs when the body loses more water than it takes in and can have mild to severe health effects if not addressed.
EFFECTS OF HEAT STRESS-HEAT STROKE, HEAT EXHAUSTION
Heat stress is the burden or load of heat that must be dissipated if the body is to remain in thermal equilibrium. The factors which influence heat stress are metabolic rate, air temperature, humidity, air movement and radiant temperature.
Heat 1
Here are three potential heat-related illnesses that can occur in hot weather:
1. Heat cramps are painful muscle contractions usually in the calves or hamstrings caused by heat, dehydration, and lack of conditioning. They can be treated with rest, drinking water, and a cool environment.
2. Heat exhaustion results from excessive heat and dehydration and causes pale skin, dizziness, nausea, and increased temperature. Rest, water, and cooling measures may help mild cases, while more severe cases require IV fluids.
3. Heat stroke is a medical emergency characterized by warm, flushed skin and lack of sweating along with high temperature and delirium. Rapid cooling and IV fluids are needed followed by
The Wet Tropics
This document summarizes the effects of the hot and humid environment of the Wet Tropics region of northeastern Australia on the human body. The high temperatures and humidity can cause profuse sweating, heat exhaustion, and heat stroke as the body tries to maintain homeostasis. Several dangerous and poisonous organisms also present risks. The nervous, circulatory, and muscular systems are all affected as the body works to regulate its temperature through dilated blood vessels and sweat, which can lead to heat cramps if electrolytes are not replaced. Proper precautions like loose light clothing, water, and insect repellent are recommended.
5. dehydration, heper and hypothermia
The document discusses the dangers of hyperthermia, hypothermia, and dehydration when in wilderness situations or during emergencies without access to shelter or water. Hyperthermia occurs when the body overheats due to factors like strenuous activity in high temperatures, dehydration, or improper clothing. Hypothermia happens when the body loses heat faster than it can produce it due to cold, wet, and windy conditions. The document provides tips for preventing hyperthermia, such as staying hydrated, seeking shade, and wearing breathable fabrics. It also describes recognizing the symptoms of hypothermia as hands and feet becoming cold and possible shivering.
Thermal regulation in camel.pptx
Thermoregulation is the maintenance of body temperature within a range that enable cells to function efficiently
It is the ability of an organism to maintain a core internal body temperature
Core temperature (Tc), also referred to as core body temperature, is the temperature of the internal organs, such as the liver, located deep within the body.
Body temperature increases significantly above normal, a condition known as hyperthermia occurs.
When body temperature decreases below normal levels, is known as hypothermia.
Due to malfunction in homeostatic control mechanisms
All thermoregulation mechanisms are designed to return your body to homeostasis. This is a state of equilibrium.
Death Valley
Death Valley is located in eastern California and western Nevada. It is the hottest, driest, and lowest elevation valley in the United States. Temperatures average over 100 degrees Fahrenheit in the summer and animals and plants have adapted to the extreme desert conditions, with many being nocturnal or having extensive root systems to reach water underground. The human body can only endure the heat for a few days without adequate water and rest, as excessive heat can cause serious illness. Proper clothing, hydration, and avoiding daytime travel are important for human safety in Death Valley's harsh environment.
Heat-Stress.pptx
Occupational heat stress is the net load to which a worker is exposed from the combined contributions of metabolic heat, environmental factors, and clothing worn which results in an increase in heat storage in the body
Chapter 12 Homeostasis Lesson 2 - Examples of Homeostasis in Man
1) The document discusses various examples of homeostasis in humans, including blood glucose concentration regulation by the liver and pancreas, blood water potential regulation by the kidney and pituitary gland, and temperature regulation.
2) It describes how temperature regulation works, with the hypothalamus detecting high or low body temperatures and initiating responses like vasoconstriction, vasodilation, sweating, and shivering to restore normal temperature.
3) The skin, blood vessels, sweat glands, hair erector muscles, and other structures all play roles in temperature regulation through mechanisms like insulation, sweating, blood flow control, and shivering.
Heatstroke ///// Sunstroke
This simple Presentation highlights Sunstroke by giving:
General description about Sunstroke.
Symptoms of sunstroke.
Medications the raise the risk of Sunstroke
How to prevén and treat Sunstroke.
What to wear to avoid Sunstroke.
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Extreme Environments
- 1. Extreme Environments Sahara Desert By: Katie Castrogiovanni
- 3. Environmental Conditions Normal: -some humidity in the air -mild temps, not cold/hot extremes throughout the day (there are seasons that they go through, so there is a period of time when it is hot and when it is cold) -natural protection from UV -water sources nearby -food source Sahara Desert: -very dry (only gets about 3 in rainfall yearly) -extreme hot/ cold fluctuations daily (extremely hot during the day, but can get very cold at night) -very little, if any shaded area -little vegetation -lack of water http://www.saharamet.com/desert/photos/dune01.jpg
- 4. Can You Survive in the Desert? YES, for how long depends on resources you have *Without water you can Only survive a few days -People called nomads live in the Sahara Desert *One thing that you would really want to do is save activity for cooler times of the day
- 8. Animals of the Sahara Camels Dabb Lizard http://farm1.static.flickr.com/238/451728331_8a538b8c22.jpg?v=0 http://k53.pbase.com/o4/27/647227/1/63525090.hrL3XJZC.SaharaDabbLizard2.jpg http://www.petermaas.nl/extinct/speciesinfo/images/Gazella-dorcas-web.jpg dorcas gazelle http://travel.mongabay.com/tanzania/600/tz_1700.jpg Anubis Baboon http://www.discoverseaz.com/Graphics/Wildlife/Mammals/Kit_Fox_kittens.jpg Sand Fox