Human have a special digestive system than the other animals. We have to know how our body digest our food after having a meal. So, let's check it out.
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2. Human Digestive System, system
used in the HUMAN BODY for the
process of digestion.
The human digestive system
consists primarily of the DIGESTIVE
TRACK, or the series of structures
and organs through
which FOOD and liquids pass during
their processing into forms
absorbable into the bloodstream.
3. The digestive system is made up of the
gastrointestinal tract—also called the GI tract
or digestive tract—and the liver pancreas,
and gallbladder.
The GI tract is a series of hollow organs
joined in a long, twisting tube from the mouth
to the anus. The hollow organs that make up
the GI tract are the mouth, esophagus,
stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and
anus. The liver, pancreas, and gallbladder are
the solid organs of the digestive system.
4. Why is Digestion Important?
Digestion is important because your body needs nutrients from
food and drink to work properly and stay healthy. Proteins, fats,
carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, and water are nutrients.
5. How does my digestive system work?
Organ Movement
Mouth Chewing
Esophagus Peristalsis
Stomach
Upper muscle in stomach relaxes to let food
enter, and lower muscle mixes food with
digestive juice
Small intestine Peristalsis
Pancreas None
Liver None
Large intestine Peristalsis
6. Mouth. Food starts to move through
your GI tract when you eat. When you
swallow, your tongue pushes the food into
your throat. A small flap of tissue, called
the epiglottis, folds over your windpipe to
prevent choking and the food passes into
your esophagus.
7. Esophagus. Once you begin
swallowing, the process
becomes automatic. Your brain
signals the muscles of the
esophagus and peristalsis
begins
8. Lower esophageal sphincter. When food
reaches the end of your esophagus, a ring
like muscle—called the lower
esophageal sphincter relaxes and lets food
pass into your stomach. This sphincter
usually stays closed to keep what’s in your
stomach from flowing back into your
esophagus.
9. Stomach. After food enters
your stomach, the stomach
muscles mix the food and liquid
with digestive juices. The
stomach slowly empties its
contents, called chime, into
your small intestine.
10. Small Intestine. The muscles of the
small intestine mix food with digestive
juices from the pancreas, liver, and
intestine, and push the mixture forward
for further digestion.
The walls of the small intestine absorb
water and the digested nutrients into
your bloodstream. As peristalsis
continues, the waste products of the
digestive process move into the large
intestine
11. Large Intestine. Waste products
from the digestive process include
undigested parts of food, fluid, and
older cells from the lining of your GI
tract. The large intestine absorbs water
and changes the waste from liquid into
stool. Peristalsis helps move the stool
into your rectum
12. Rectum. The lower end of
your large intestine, the rectum,
stores stool until it pushes stool
out of your anus during a bowel
movement.
13. How does my digestive system break food
into small parts my body can use?
As food moves through your GI tract, your digestive organs break the food
into smaller parts using:
motion, such as chewing, squeezing, and mixing
digestive juices, such as stomach acid, bile, and enzymes.
14. Mouth. The digestive process starts in your mouth when
you chew. Your salivary glands make saliva, a digestive
juice, which moistens food so it moves more easily through
your esophagus into your stomach. Saliva also has an
enzyme that begins to break down starches in your food.
Esophagus. After you swallow, peristalsis pushes the food
down your esophagus into your stomach
15. Stomach. Glands in your stomach lining make stomach
acid and enzymes that break down food. Muscles of your
stomach mix the food with these digestive juices.
Pancreas. Your pancreas makes a digestive juice that has
enzymes that break down carbohydrates, fats, and
proteins. The pancreas delivers the digestive juice to the
small intestine through small tubes called ducts.
16. Liver. Your liver makes a digestive juice called bile that
helps digest fats and some vitamins. Bile ducts carry bile
from your liver to your gallbladder for storage, or to the
small intestine for use.
Gallbladder. Your gallbladder stores bile between meals.
When you eat, your gallbladder squeezes bile through the
bile ducts into your small intestine.
17. Small Intestine. Your small intestine makes digestive
juice, which mixes with bile and pancreatic juice to
complete the breakdown of proteins, carbohydrates, and
fats. Your small intestine also absorbs water with other
nutrients.
18. Large Intestine. In your large intestine, more water moves
from your GI tract into your bloodstream. Bacteria in your
large intestine help break down remaining nutrients and
make vitamin K. Waste products of digestion, including parts
of food that are still too large, become stool.
