explain how polar and nonpolar groups are important in the struct.pdf
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explain how polar and nonpolar groups are important in the structure and functions of lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids explain how polar and nonpolar groups are important in the structure and functions of lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids Solution Non polar atom has nucleus and outer shell contain electron .They are more stable ,they are inert and do not attract other atom that I.e they do not mix with polar substance like water so called hydrophobic. Polar atom have power to attract other atom thus posses electro negativity.They react with water molecules I.e hydrophilic in nature. Polarity in lipid play important role they make them insoluble they can be stored in the body and act as reserve source of energy. In membrane lipid form layer impermeable to water based molecules thus membrane is semipermeable. Nucleic acid are hydrophobic molecules thus genetic information remain conserved and transmitted from one generation to another.
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AP Biology - Week 2 Cells and Membranes
Week 2 of our AP Biology summer cram course. Presentation on cells, membranes, and diffusion.
1-The final shape of a protein is very important to its function. .docx
1-The final shape of a protein is very important to its function. When proteins undergo an irreversible change in shape called ________________ they ________________ perform their usual functions.
naturation/can
naturation/cannot
denaturation/can
denaturation/cannot
dehydration reaction/cannot
2-Which group of lipids will contain hydrophilic heads that face outwards and hydrophobic tails that face inwards that will form a barrier?
phospholipids
steroids
triglycerides
saturated acids
trans-fatty acids
3-DNA codes for the sequence of amino acids in the primary structure of a protein, but not for sugars or lipids. This is because
only proteins are involved in living metabolic reactions.
sugars and lipids code for their own replication.
sugars and lipids are ever present in the living environment and are not used in living structures.
other hereditary molecules code for sugars and lipids.
proteins are the main structural and functional components of cells.
4-Which statement about the cellular nucleic acids DNA and RNA is incorrect?
DNA is double-stranded, and RNA is single-stranded.
The sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, and in RNA the sugar is ribose.
DNA has a helix shape; RNA does not.
RNA and DNA have the same four nitrogen-containing bases.
Both DNA and RNA are polymers of nucleotides.
5-All carbohydrate molecules
contain amino acids.
contain nitrogen and phosphate.
are organic acids.
are composed of atoms of C, H, and the functional group -OH.
are composed of atoms of C, H, O, and N.
6-Two molecules of glucose combine to form a disaccharide molecule during a(n) ________ reaction.
dehydration
hydrolysis
hydrogen bond
ionic bond
inert
7-One carbon atom can form covalent bonds with up to ___ other atoms to form an organic molecule.
2
3
4
6
8
8-Enzymes are organic compounds classified as
nucleic acids.
carbohydrates.
lipids.
steroids.
proteins.
9-Organic molecules
always contain carbon.
always contain hydrogen.
always contain carbon and hydrogen.
are found only in organisms, hence their name.
are always food molecules.
10-The water strider is an insect that skates across the water without sinking. The tips of its feet must be coated with molecules that are
ions.
hydrophilic.
hydrophobic.
basic.
acidic.
11-Nucleic acids are polymers of
amino acids.
nucleotides.
glycerol.
monosaccharides.
fatty acids.
12-DNA codes for the sequence of amino acids in the primary structure of a protein, but not for sugars or lipids. This is because
only proteins are involved in living metabolic reactions.
sugars and lipids code for their own replication.
sugars and lipids are ever present in the living environment and are not used in living structures.
other hereditary molecules code for sugars and lipids.
proteins are the main structural and functional components of cells.
13-The moon lacks life and varies dramatically in temperature. If we could keep a layer of water spread on the surface of the m ...
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AP Biology - Week 2 Cells and Membranes
Week 2 of our AP Biology summer cram course. Presentation on cells, membranes, and diffusion.
1-The final shape of a protein is very important to its function. .docx
1-The final shape of a protein is very important to its function. When proteins undergo an irreversible change in shape called ________________ they ________________ perform their usual functions.
naturation/can
naturation/cannot
denaturation/can
denaturation/cannot
dehydration reaction/cannot
2-Which group of lipids will contain hydrophilic heads that face outwards and hydrophobic tails that face inwards that will form a barrier?
phospholipids
steroids
triglycerides
saturated acids
trans-fatty acids
3-DNA codes for the sequence of amino acids in the primary structure of a protein, but not for sugars or lipids. This is because
only proteins are involved in living metabolic reactions.
sugars and lipids code for their own replication.
sugars and lipids are ever present in the living environment and are not used in living structures.
other hereditary molecules code for sugars and lipids.
proteins are the main structural and functional components of cells.
4-Which statement about the cellular nucleic acids DNA and RNA is incorrect?
DNA is double-stranded, and RNA is single-stranded.
The sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, and in RNA the sugar is ribose.
DNA has a helix shape; RNA does not.
RNA and DNA have the same four nitrogen-containing bases.
Both DNA and RNA are polymers of nucleotides.
5-All carbohydrate molecules
contain amino acids.
contain nitrogen and phosphate.
are organic acids.
are composed of atoms of C, H, and the functional group -OH.
are composed of atoms of C, H, O, and N.
6-Two molecules of glucose combine to form a disaccharide molecule during a(n) ________ reaction.
dehydration
hydrolysis
hydrogen bond
ionic bond
inert
7-One carbon atom can form covalent bonds with up to ___ other atoms to form an organic molecule.
2
3
4
6
8
8-Enzymes are organic compounds classified as
nucleic acids.
carbohydrates.
lipids.
steroids.
proteins.
9-Organic molecules
always contain carbon.
always contain hydrogen.
always contain carbon and hydrogen.
are found only in organisms, hence their name.
are always food molecules.
10-The water strider is an insect that skates across the water without sinking. The tips of its feet must be coated with molecules that are
ions.
hydrophilic.
hydrophobic.
basic.
acidic.
11-Nucleic acids are polymers of
amino acids.
nucleotides.
glycerol.
monosaccharides.
fatty acids.
12-DNA codes for the sequence of amino acids in the primary structure of a protein, but not for sugars or lipids. This is because
only proteins are involved in living metabolic reactions.
sugars and lipids code for their own replication.
sugars and lipids are ever present in the living environment and are not used in living structures.
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conceptual and GK Q&A on biological moleules.pptx
conceptual and GK Q&A on biological moleules.pptx
This presentation provides an overview of conceptual questions on biological molecules. It covers topics such as the structure and function of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. The presentation is designed for students in an introductory biology course, but it may also be useful for students in other science courses or for anyone who is interested in learning more about biological molecules.
Chapter 1 - A View of Life and its Chemical Basis. 1. Explain the.pdf
Chapter 1 - A View of Life and its Chemical Basis. 1. Explain the basic characteristics that are
common to all living things. 2. Describe the levels of organization of life. 3. Distinguish among
the three domains of life and kingdoms. 4. Explain the process of natural selection. 5. Identify
the components of the scientific method. 6. Contrast ionic and covalent bonds. 7. Explain how
the properties of water make life possible. 8. Recognize the importance of functional groups in
determining the chemical properties of an organic molecule. 9. Summarize the categories of the
main macromolecules and provide examples of their diverse biological functions: carbohydrates,
lipids, proteins and nucleic acids.
Solution
please split the questions and ask. it was too lengthy to answer so all are in short.
1. Explain the basic characteristics that are common to all living things.
The fundamental characteristics of all living beings are growth, reproduction. All are made up of
cells, they adapt and respond to the environment. They all obtain and utilize energy. Though all
these are in common, they have different cellular organization.
2. Describe the levels of organization of life.
The various levels of organization of life include organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems,
organisms, populations, communities, ecosystem and biosphere. They are in the chronological
order starting from the simplest form to the most complex one.
3. Distinguish among the three domains of life and kingdoms.
Three domain system introduced by carl woese divides cellular forms into three domains- archae,
bacteria and eukaryotes. It mainly separates archae from prokaryotes based on their 16sRNA
differences. This classification is above the kingdom level.
The five kingdom system has prokaryotes without membranes placed under Monera, eukaryotes
are placed into 3 kingdoms plantae, fungi and animalia. Protista are a separate kingdom
consisting of diversified algae and others which does not come under other groups
4. Explain the process of natural selection
Charles Darwin proposed the natural selection in his theory of evolution. Natural selection is a
process by which the organisms which are adapted to the environmental conditions and survive
in them. Shortly said as “survival of the fittest”. They transfer the genetic traits to further
generations making them more dominant while those who cannot survive get eliminated.
5. Identify the components of the scientific method.
Scientific method is a planned method which helps scientists in answering or solving a problem.
It consists of 6 components. 1. Purpose or question of research, 2. Research to find more
information on the question, 3. Hypothesis after getting preliminary information, 4. Experimental
design of the question, 5. Analysis of the results, 6. Conclusion of the experiment.
6. Contrast ionic and covalent bonds.
Covalent bonds are less polar than ionic bonds.Covalent bond is a chemical bond formed
between two non-metals .
C. The lipid bilayers found in cells are fluid, yet asymmetrical in .pdf
C. The lipid bilayers found in cells are fluid, yet asymmetrical in the composition of the
monolayers. Is this a paradox? Explain your answer.
D. Why do transmembrane domains of proteins typically fold into alpha helices or beta-barrels
rather than exist as disordered chains?
Solution
C) The lipid bilayer is made up amphipathic lipid molecules, that is it contains a polar head
(hydrophilic- water loving) and non- polar tails (hydrophobic). The polar heads face the aqueous
envoriment and the tails towards the inside. An important property of the lipid bilayer is its
fluidity . This property is due to the non-polar tails and is dependent on temperture and the lipid
composition. Fludity in the bilayer helps in the movement of the molecules within the structure
and in maintianing permeability. The two monolayers are asymmetrical in their structure as well
as in function. The asymetrically nature of the layers is based on the different kinds of protiens
found in the monolayers and their specific orientation in the membrane. This asymmetric nature
helps cells to distinguish between the inner surface of the cell and the outer surface of the cell
and plays an important role in the during apoptosis and other numerous cellular functions..
How abundant are microbes on Earth How abundant are microbes inon .pdf
How abundant are microbes on Earth? How abundant are microbes in/on our body? What are
the domains of life? Viruses? What is LUCA? How did evolution shape our planet? Major
components of cells from different domains. Know and understand the contributions of Hooke,
van Leeuwenhoek, Cohn, Pasteur, Koch, Beijerinck, Winogradsky, and the Hesses to science and
microbiology What did they want to do? How did they accomplish them? e.g. Koch\'s postulate,
enrichment culture technique, etc.
Solution
3. Life domains are 3 types: Those are 1. Eubacteria, 2. Archaea, 3. Eukarya; Viruses are
semiliving organisms, in which, if host is absent, then virus is in non living, and host is present,
virus are living
2. Human micro biota is aggrigates of micro organisms reside in the body. In human body the
microbes and human cell ratios are in 3:1
4. LUCA = Last Universal Common Ancestor. From this LUCA three domains formed. Those
are Eubacteria: Developed all modern bacteria, Archaea: Inxlude extremophiles and Eukarya: All
eukaryotes origin. All three domain organisms form producers, consumers and decomposers that
leads to ecological cycle
5. Eubacteria and archaea are prokaryotic in nature and lack nuclei, and membrane bound
organelles. Present 70s ribosomes. Eukarya contain all nucleated organisms. They contain
membrane bound organelles. Possess 80s ribosomes.
Given that, in a virtual memory system, if the probability of a page.pdf
Given that, in a virtual memory system, if the probability of a page fault is p, the mainmemory
access time is tm and the time required to move a secondary page into the main memory is ts ,
derive an expression for the average access time ta.
Solution
Expression:
average access time =hit* main memory access time + miss*secondary memory access time
So,
ta = (1-p) * tm + p * ts is the desired expression.
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Similar to explain how polar and nonpolar groups are important in the struct.pdf
conceptual and GK Q&A on biological moleules.pptx
conceptual and GK Q&A on biological moleules.pptx
This presentation provides an overview of conceptual questions on biological molecules. It covers topics such as the structure and function of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. The presentation is designed for students in an introductory biology course, but it may also be useful for students in other science courses or for anyone who is interested in learning more about biological molecules.
Chapter 1 - A View of Life and its Chemical Basis. 1. Explain the.pdf
Chapter 1 - A View of Life and its Chemical Basis. 1. Explain the basic characteristics that are
common to all living things. 2. Describe the levels of organization of life. 3. Distinguish among
the three domains of life and kingdoms. 4. Explain the process of natural selection. 5. Identify
the components of the scientific method. 6. Contrast ionic and covalent bonds. 7. Explain how
the properties of water make life possible. 8. Recognize the importance of functional groups in
determining the chemical properties of an organic molecule. 9. Summarize the categories of the
main macromolecules and provide examples of their diverse biological functions: carbohydrates,
lipids, proteins and nucleic acids.
Solution
please split the questions and ask. it was too lengthy to answer so all are in short.
1. Explain the basic characteristics that are common to all living things.
The fundamental characteristics of all living beings are growth, reproduction. All are made up of
cells, they adapt and respond to the environment. They all obtain and utilize energy. Though all
these are in common, they have different cellular organization.
2. Describe the levels of organization of life.
The various levels of organization of life include organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems,
organisms, populations, communities, ecosystem and biosphere. They are in the chronological
order starting from the simplest form to the most complex one.
3. Distinguish among the three domains of life and kingdoms.
Three domain system introduced by carl woese divides cellular forms into three domains- archae,
bacteria and eukaryotes. It mainly separates archae from prokaryotes based on their 16sRNA
differences. This classification is above the kingdom level.
The five kingdom system has prokaryotes without membranes placed under Monera, eukaryotes
are placed into 3 kingdoms plantae, fungi and animalia. Protista are a separate kingdom
consisting of diversified algae and others which does not come under other groups
4. Explain the process of natural selection
Charles Darwin proposed the natural selection in his theory of evolution. Natural selection is a
process by which the organisms which are adapted to the environmental conditions and survive
in them. Shortly said as “survival of the fittest”. They transfer the genetic traits to further
generations making them more dominant while those who cannot survive get eliminated.
5. Identify the components of the scientific method.
Scientific method is a planned method which helps scientists in answering or solving a problem.
It consists of 6 components. 1. Purpose or question of research, 2. Research to find more
information on the question, 3. Hypothesis after getting preliminary information, 4. Experimental
design of the question, 5. Analysis of the results, 6. Conclusion of the experiment.
6. Contrast ionic and covalent bonds.
Covalent bonds are less polar than ionic bonds.Covalent bond is a chemical bond formed
between two non-metals .
C. The lipid bilayers found in cells are fluid, yet asymmetrical in .pdf
C. The lipid bilayers found in cells are fluid, yet asymmetrical in the composition of the
monolayers. Is this a paradox? Explain your answer.
D. Why do transmembrane domains of proteins typically fold into alpha helices or beta-barrels
rather than exist as disordered chains?
Solution
C) The lipid bilayer is made up amphipathic lipid molecules, that is it contains a polar head
(hydrophilic- water loving) and non- polar tails (hydrophobic). The polar heads face the aqueous
envoriment and the tails towards the inside. An important property of the lipid bilayer is its
fluidity . This property is due to the non-polar tails and is dependent on temperture and the lipid
composition. Fludity in the bilayer helps in the movement of the molecules within the structure
and in maintianing permeability. The two monolayers are asymmetrical in their structure as well
as in function. The asymetrically nature of the layers is based on the different kinds of protiens
found in the monolayers and their specific orientation in the membrane. This asymmetric nature
helps cells to distinguish between the inner surface of the cell and the outer surface of the cell
and plays an important role in the during apoptosis and other numerous cellular functions..
Similar to explain how polar and nonpolar groups are important in the struct.pdf (20)
Chapter 1 - A View of Life and its Chemical Basis. 1. Explain the.pdf
Chapter 1 - A View of Life and its Chemical Basis. 1. Explain the.pdf
Biology GradeTen Unit Three Short Note For Students
Biology GradeTen Unit Three Short Note For Students
C. The lipid bilayers found in cells are fluid, yet asymmetrical in .pdf
C. The lipid bilayers found in cells are fluid, yet asymmetrical in .pdf
More from zakashjain
How abundant are microbes on Earth How abundant are microbes inon .pdf
How abundant are microbes on Earth? How abundant are microbes in/on our body? What are
the domains of life? Viruses? What is LUCA? How did evolution shape our planet? Major
components of cells from different domains. Know and understand the contributions of Hooke,
van Leeuwenhoek, Cohn, Pasteur, Koch, Beijerinck, Winogradsky, and the Hesses to science and
microbiology What did they want to do? How did they accomplish them? e.g. Koch\'s postulate,
enrichment culture technique, etc.
Solution
3. Life domains are 3 types: Those are 1. Eubacteria, 2. Archaea, 3. Eukarya; Viruses are
semiliving organisms, in which, if host is absent, then virus is in non living, and host is present,
virus are living
2. Human micro biota is aggrigates of micro organisms reside in the body. In human body the
microbes and human cell ratios are in 3:1
4. LUCA = Last Universal Common Ancestor. From this LUCA three domains formed. Those
are Eubacteria: Developed all modern bacteria, Archaea: Inxlude extremophiles and Eukarya: All
eukaryotes origin. All three domain organisms form producers, consumers and decomposers that
leads to ecological cycle
5. Eubacteria and archaea are prokaryotic in nature and lack nuclei, and membrane bound
organelles. Present 70s ribosomes. Eukarya contain all nucleated organisms. They contain
membrane bound organelles. Possess 80s ribosomes.
Given that, in a virtual memory system, if the probability of a page.pdf
Given that, in a virtual memory system, if the probability of a page fault is p, the mainmemory
access time is tm and the time required to move a secondary page into the main memory is ts ,
derive an expression for the average access time ta.
Solution
Expression:
average access time =hit* main memory access time + miss*secondary memory access time
So,
ta = (1-p) * tm + p * ts is the desired expression.
Find the area of the surface formed by revolving the curve about the.pdf
Find the area of the surface formed by revolving the curve about the specified axis.
Please list out the whole process in detail. I am getting frustrated with half answers and and
answers without explanations. Please list out the process in detail so I can learn. Thank you. To
help, here is the answer from the answer key:
Solution
it forms sphere of radius 1 4*3.14*1^2=12.56.
Explain how Twitter, Facebook, and LinkedIn have resulted in the d.pdf
\"Explain how Twitter, Facebook, and LinkedIn have resulted in the development of new laws
and precedent.\"
Solution
Social Medias like T, F, and L have their own platforms for their users. There are so many users.
Each one has different mentality, temperament, and motive. Online people use these sites for
their post, information, comment, chatting, etc. But these should not be provocative, misleading,
or against public. Otherwise it could cause a communal war within the country.
In order to control their post, comment, etc new laws and standards are developed. Such
initiation restricts the users about their post.
Therefore, the new laws and standards have developed because of T, F, and L..
Does this mean that I have heteroscedasticity problem or notPleas.pdf
Does this mean that I have heteroscedasticity problem or not?
Please elaborate using critical values etc if applicable.
Thank you
Solution
Does this mean that I have heteroscedasticity problem or not?
Yes, that means that you have heteroscedasticity problem
critical value is 36.741 for alpha = 0.10.
Describe how the effects of directional selection can be offset by g.pdf
Describe how the effects of directional selection can be offset by gene flow.
Solution
Lets just understand by an example:
A tribe of subterrestrial people has the ability to glow in the dark but if they keep marrying other
non-luminescent people then they will never become truly unique. So, the population undergoes
selection pressure from other population otherwise the gene from outside will impact or dilute
the impact of the origin gene this will lead to directional selection..
Car Instrument Simulator For this assignment, you will design a set .pdf
Car Instrument Simulator For this assignment, you will design a set of classes that work
together to simulate a car\'s fuel gauge and odometer. The classes you will design arc the
following: The FuelGauge Class: This class will simulate a fuel gauge. Its responsibilities are as
follows: To know the car\'s current amount of fuel, in gallons. To report the car\'s current
amount of fuel, in gallons. To be able to increment the amount of fuel by 1 gallon. This
simulates putting fuel in the car. (The car can hold a maximum of 15 gallons.) To be able to
decrement the amount of fuel by 1 gallon, if the amount of fuel is greater than 0 gallons. This
simulates burning fuel as the car runs. The Odometer Class: This class will simulate the car\'s
odometer. Its responsibilities are as follows: To know the car\'s current mileage. To report the
car\'s current mileage. To be able to increment the current mileage by 1 mile. The maximum
mileage the odometer can store is 999, 999 miles. When this amount is exceeded, the odometer
resets the current mileage to 0. To be able to work with a FuelGauge object. It should decrease
the FuelGauge object\'s current amount of fuel by 1 gallon for every 24 miles traveled. (The
car\'s fuel economy is 24 miles per gallon.) Demonstrate the classes by creating instances of
each. Simulate filling the car up with fuel, and then run a loop that increments the odometer until
the car runs out of fuel. During each loop iteration, print the car\'s current mileage and amount of
fuel.
Solution
//FuelGauge class
class FuelGauge
{
private int fuel;
public static int max_capacity = 15;
public FuelGauge()
{
fuel = 0;
}
// parameterized constructor
public FuelGauge(int oil)
{
if (oil <= max_capacity)
{
fuel = oil;
}
else
{
fuel = max_capacity;
}
}
// return amount of fuel
public int getfuel()
{
return fuel;
}
// add fuel till max capacity is reached
public void addfuel()
{
if (fuel < max_capacity)
{
fuel++;
}
else
{
System.out.println(\"Maximum capacity reached, Burn some fuel\ \");
}
}
// burn the fuel
public void burnFuel()
{
if (fuel > 0)
{
fuel--;
}
else
{
System.out.println(\"No fuel left, Add some fuel\ \");
}
}
}
//Odometer class
class Odometer
{
// maximum mileage
public int max_mileage = 999999;
// miles per gallon
public int fuel_economy = 22;
private int startmileage;
private int mileage;
// FuelGauge object
private FuelGauge fuelgauge;
public Odometer(int mlg, FuelGauge fg) {
startmileage = mlg;
mileage = mlg;
fuelgauge = fg;
}
public int getMileage()
{
return mileage;
}
public void addMileage()
{
if (mileage < max_mileage)
{
mileage++;
}
else
{
mileage = 0;
}
int d = startmileage - mileage;
if (d % fuel_economy == 0)
{
fuelgauge.burnFuel();
}
}
}
//Test class
public class Test
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
FuelGauge f = new FuelGauge();
Odometer o = new Odometer(0, f);
for (int i = 0; i < FuelGauge.max_capacity; i++)
{
f.addfuel();
}
while (f.getfuel() > 0)
{
o.addMileage();
System.out.println(\"Mileage: \" + o.get.
Can anyone explain the common steps and differences of virus synthes.pdf
Can anyone explain the common steps and differences of virus synthesis in simpler terms? I am
most confused about the steps of viral synthesis within the host’s cell. How does it differ
between viruses that contain different types of RNA and DNA (ex. ss-, ss+ or ds).
Solution
In virology, mRNA is said to be plus (+) configuration and its complement is said to be minus (-)
configuration. Positive strand viruses begin with translation to produce replicase. However they
only make more positive than negative strand so it can\'t act as template (primer-like Ad) eg
poliovirus
Difference between ss (single stranded) and ds (double stranded) virus is that in ds RNA cell has
no enzyme to transcribe RNA into mRNA. Virus carries its own polymerase. eg. Picornaviridae,
Caliciviridae. In ss RNA (having +polarity) cell carries RNA-dependent DNA polymerase.
dsRNA is transcribed to mRNA by host cell polymerase. eg. retrovirus
-ssRNA using viral RdRP (RNA dependent RNA polymerase) makes +ssRNA. This ssRNA
makes viral proteins using host ribosomes. On other hand +ssRNA using this viral RdRP makes -
ssRNA and also viral proteins.
Virus synthesis in host cells can be described in following steps:
1. attachment and adsorption of virus to its host cell
2. penetration and uncoating of virus cover in the host cell
3. early viral mRNA synthesis and protein synthesis like polymerase enzyme
4. replication of viral genome
5. late viral mRNA and protein synthesis (maturation)
6. self-assembly and release of newly formed virus from the host cell as infectious particle.
B. Wildcat Plumbing Supply Inc. Do We Have Gender DifferencesWil.pdf
B. Wildcat Plumbing Supply Inc.: Do We Have Gender Differences?
Wildcat Plumbing Supply has served the plumbing needs of Southwest Arizona for more than 40
years. The company was founded by Mr. Terrence St. Julian and is run today by his son Cory.
The company has grown from a handful of employees to more than 500 today. Cory is concerned
about several positions within the company where he has men and women doing essentially the
same job but at different pay. To investigate, he collected the information below. Suppose you
are a student intern in the Accounting Department and have been given the task to write a report
summarizing the situation.
To kick off the project, Mr. Cory St. Julian held a meeting with his staff and you were invited. At
this meeting, it was suggested that you calculate several measures of location, create charts or
draw graphs such as a cumulative frequency distribution, and determine the quartiles for both
men and women. Develop the charts and write the report summarizing the yearly salaries of
employees at Wildcat Plumbing Supply. Does it appear that there are pay differences based on
gender?
Use the data from the case:
Write a report to Mr. Cory St. Julian addressing the case issues. Include in your report whether
you think there is a problem and any suggestions you might have.
40 pts - correct and thorough analysis including calculated measures, charts and distributions.
Solution.
Answer and explain.•In an organism with a diploid chromosome numbe.pdf
Answer and explain.
•In an organism with a diploid chromosome number of 2n=4 , assuming no crossing over, after
meiosis:
1)How many genetically different gametes could be formed?
2)How many genetically different zygotes could be formed following the fertilization?
3)Answer 1) and 2) if 2n=6.
Solution
1). If no crossing over occurs, all the gametes produced are similar to the parent.
2). Assuming no crossing over occurs after meiosis, all the zygotes formed are genetically
identical..
2) To study protein localization signals you engineered a yeast strai.pdf
2) To study protein localization signals you engineered a yeast strain that lacks two non-
essential genes: 1) DNAide and Timolase. replaced each endogenous gene with recombinant
forms that encode modified localization signals. A) DNAide is critical for DNA repair following
damage by UV light. The encoded amino acid sequence of each localization signal within the
modified DNAide gene is indicated in MMS FVSLLLVGILFWTA.. the figure to the right.
Predict how expression of the modified protein will impact yeast viability following exposure to
UV light. Be sure to NA TT COOH justify your answer in the context of where the modified
protein will NH localize within the cell. (4 points) KKKRK. B) Timolase is normally localized
inside the mitochondria where it helps to maintain proper H balance. This enables sufficient
energy production for cell growth when yeast are exposed to acidic environments. The
localization signals for the MLSLROSIRFFKPATRTLCSSRYLL.... modified Timolase gene
indicated in the figure to the right. Predict L COOH how yeast growth will be impacted when
cultures are grown NH Timolase media. Be sure to justify your answer in the i pH 3 modified
context of where the KDEL (4 points protein will localize within the cell. (4 points)
Solution
Answer:
2. (A) KKKRK is a nuclear localization signal (NLS) and proteins containing this sequence are
imported into the cell nucleus through nuclear transport.
Thus, the modified DNAide containing the KKKRK sequence will be localized in the nucleus.
So, it can act as a DNA repair protein upon DNA damage following UV exposure and help the
cell to survive.
(B) KDEL sequence when present prevents the secretion of proteins from the endoplasmic
reticulum (ER). It can also target proteins from other sites to the ER and can leave the ER only
when the sequence is removed.
The protein timolase is present inside the mitochondria and help maintain H+ balance. The
modified protein contains the KDEL sequence which targets and limits the modified timolase to
the ER. Thus, the protein can no longer maintain the H+ balance in the cell.
At acidic pH of 3, most of the proteins and enzymes inside the cell gets denatured. This may lead
to intracellular acidification and ultimately death of the cells by the ROS pathway..
42. The splanchnic nerves A) innervate the adrenal medulla B) are par.pdf
42. The splanchnic nerves A) innervate the adrenal medulla B) are part of the sympathetic
system C) usually synapse at collateral ganglia D) all of the above E) B and C only
Solution
The answer is
D. All of the above.
The splanchnic nerves are paired visceral nerves (nerves that contribute to the innervation of
internal organs). They carry fibres of the Autonomic Nervous System - most of them carry
Sympathetic fibres except the Pelvic Splanchnic Nerves which carry the parasympathetic fibres.
The greater thoracic splanchnic nerves provide the sympathetic innervation to the adrenal
medulla, stimulating catecholamine release.
These thoracic splanchnic nerves synapse in collateral ganglia as the CELIAC AND SUPERIOR
MESENTERIC GANGLIA..
________ is NOT a common cause for maintenance insomnia. Stress Eat.pdf
________ is NOT a common cause for maintenance insomnia. Stress Eating late at night
Substance abuse Psychological disorder RLS is characterized by differences in functioning.
endorphin GAQA serotonin dopamine Muscle paralysis with lingers with narcolepsy once the
person awakes can be resolved by. feeding the person touching the person letting The person
smell the scent of lavender whispering to the person After a period of most coma patients
recover, move to a vegetative state, or die. 2 to 3 days 5 days 1 week 2 to 4 weeks
Solution
13) Is not a common cause for maintenance insomnia
B)eating late at night
Insomnia is a sleep disorder, people have trouble sleeping. Psychological stress, chronic pain,
heart failure, heartburn, restless leg syndrome, hyperthyroidism, menopause, drugs such as
caffeine, alcohol and nicotine etc are responsible for insomnia. So, eating late at night cannot
cause insomnia.
14) Muscle paralysis that lingers with narcolepsy once the person awakes can be resolved by
B) Touching the person
Patients with narcolepsy will experience sleep paralysis or muscle paralysis, when the person is
awakens, just touch them to end the paralysis.
17) RLS is characterized by differences in functioning
D) Dopamine
Here the person will have uncomfortable sensations deep in the legs developing at rest. He
cannot move and is worst at night with sleep disturbance. It is believed that RLS is due to
functional disturbance of dopamine neurotransmission in case of subcortical areas of the brain.
18)After a period of------most coma patients recover, move to a vegetative state or die
D)2 to 4 weeks
It has been observed that coma rarely lasts more than 4 weeks. During this period some patients
move from coma to the vegetative state or some may regain partial consciousness or some may
die..
Write a simple JavaScript program in which the user selects choices .pdf
Write a simple JavaScript program in which the user selects choices from some of the following:
checkboxes, radiobuttons, pushbuttons, selections lists, and then the user clicks a submit button,
which then prints the choices that the use selected. Very simple JavaScript.
Solution
Male
Female
Other
Javascript -
function validate()
{
var val=document.getElementByName(\"gender\");
alert(\"you selected\"+val);
}.
Write code to open and read from a file called numbers this file c.pdf
Write code to: open and read from a file called numbers this file contains a comma-separated
list of numbers (example: 4, 5, 0, 3, 2, 1, 0, 7) count the number of \"Os\" in the file print the
result to a file called output (example: the file contained 2 zeros) Use exception handling to
handle the lO Exceptions. (Do not use \"throws lO Exception\")
Solution
import java.util.*;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
public class ReadFile
{
public static void main(String[] args)
throws IOException
{
Scanner textfile = new Scanner(new File(\"Some_Numbers.txt\"));
filereader(textfile);
}
static void filereader(Scanner textfile)
{
int i = 0;
int sum = 0;
while(i <= 19)
{
System.out.println(textfile.nextInt());
sum = sum + textfile.nextInt();
i++;
}
}
}.
Why does Staphylococcus probably cause more contamination than Pro Pe.pdf
Why does Staphylococcus probably cause more contamination than Pro Peon Barnum even
though most people have higher numbers of the Lauer? Are most agar plates incubated
aerobically or anaerobically? Prepare a flowchart that would help you identify your skin biota
isolates.
Solution
The Staphylococcus and Propionibacterium are part of normal microflora of the human skin.
Staphylococcus colonizes at various part of the skin as skin comensal, but it can act as
opportunistic pathogen when it breaches skin surface and enters the bloodstream. Both
organisms are related and can be isolated from the infected part of the skin. Propionibacterium
causes mild infections related with skin, but post infectious stage becomes complicated due to
the contamination with Staphylococcus. The Propionibacterium is an anaerobic aerotolerent
which colonizes mainly on pilosebaceous follicles of the skin. The cellular damages and
metabolic byproducts due to the rapid growth of Propionibacterium in the follicle induces the
inflammatory reactions in the skin. Later this inflammation makes the affected tissues or cells
more susceptible for the colonization of Staphylococcus. It can leads to more complicated
chronic stages of infections.
The Propionibacterium can rolerate exposure to oxygen for several hours and is capable to
survive invitro under anaerobic conditions up to 8 months. Due to the oxygen tolerant
charecteristic, Propionibacterium is not reliably detected by aerobic culture because of slow
growth. To increase the detection in cultures, it is necessary to make a prolonged aerobic and
anaerobic incubation to 14 days in thioglycolate medium and routinely subcultured to agar
plates..
Which is the correct formula for Interest Coverage RatioQuestion .pdf
Which is the correct formula for Interest Coverage Ratio?
Question 13 options:
Net income / Interest expense
Interest income / Interest expense
Earnings before interest and taxes / Interest expense
Earnings before taxes / Interest expense
Net income / Interest expense
Interest income / Interest expense
Earnings before interest and taxes / Interest expense
Earnings before taxes / Interest expense
Solution
Interest Coverage ratio = Earnings before interest and tax / Interest Expense
Earnings before Interest and Tax =Sales – Cost of goods sold –Administrative expense –
Depreciation
Or Earnings before Interest and Tax = Net Income + Taxes + Interest Expense
Example: Suppose Earnings before interest and tax is 50000 and Interest expense is 10000, Then
Interest coverage ratio will be 5. [Calculation shown below]
Interest Coverage ratio = Earnings before interest and tax / Interest Expense
= 50000 / 10000 = 5.
Which of the following statements is TRUE for an organism that has a.pdf
Which of the following statements is TRUE for an organism that has an alternation of
generations life cycle:Diploid adults directly produce sexual cells that fuse during the process of
fertilization.
Solution
The correct answer is :There are two different forms of fully mature adults, and the two forms
cannot mate with one another.
Reason: The two different forms of fully matured adults are the sporophyte(2n) and the
gametophyte(n) that do not mate with one another..
what is a trans isomerSolutiontrans isomer is a form of geomet.pdf
what is a trans isomer
Solution
trans isomer is a form of geometric isomer. in trans isomer the functional group apper on the
opposite side of carbon carbon double bond.
trans isomer form when there is restricted rotation somewhere in the molecule due to the
presence of carbon carbon double bond. example trans 1,2-dichloroethane..
A) explain why infections occur frequently in patients with lymp.pdf
A) explain why infections occur frequently in patients with lymphoma\'s?
B) State the prognosis for person with stage one and stage IV hodgkin\'s lymphoma and explain
your reasoning.
A) explain why infections occur frequently in patients with lymphoma\'s?
B) State the prognosis for person with stage one and stage IV hodgkin\'s lymphoma and explain
your reasoning.
A) explain why infections occur frequently in patients with lymphoma\'s?
B) State the prognosis for person with stage one and stage IV hodgkin\'s lymphoma and explain
your reasoning.
Solution
(A) abnormal lympocytes in lymphoma interfere with immune response, Impared production of
antibodies in lymphoma\'s is a reason why infections are seen frequently..
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