hydrological cycle

2. • Describe the movement of
water in each stage of the
cycle
• Appreciate the importance
of water through
understanding its vital role

3. also called as hydrologic cycle
involves the continuous circulation of
water in the Earth-atmosphere
system. Of the many processes
involved in the water cycle, the most
important are evaporation,
transpiration, condensation,

7. Transportation

13. Many of water’s
roles in
supporting life
are due to its
molecular
structure and a
few special
properties.

14. Water’s extensive
capability to dissolve a
variety of molecules has
earned it the designation
of “universal solvent,”
and it is this ability that
makes water such an
invaluable life-sustaining
force.

15. Water also contributes to
the formation of membranes
surrounding cells. Without
water, cell membranes
would lack structure, and
without proper membrane
structure, cells would be
unable to keep important
molecules inside the cell and
harmful molecules outside
the cell.

16. Water is directly
involved in many
chemical reactions to
build and break
down important
components of the
cell.

17. It is a process where
water at the surface
turns into water
vapors. Water
absorbs heat energy
from the sun and
turns into vapors.
Water bodies like the
oceans, the seas, the
lakes and the river
bodies are the main

18. Is the process where
the water vaporizes into
vapor and rises up in
the atmosphere. At
high altitudes the water
vapors changes into
very tiny particles of ice
/water droplets because
the temperature at high
altitudes is low.

19. Is a process where
ice directly converts
into water vapors
without converting
into liquid water.
This phenomenon
accelerates when
the temperature is
low or pressure is

20. precipitation is any
product of the
condensation of
atmospheric water
vapor that falls under
gravity from clouds.
The main forms of
precipitation include
drizzle, rain, sleet,
snow, ice pellets,

21. Transpiration is a
process similar to
evaporation where
liquid water is
turned into water
vapor by the plants.
The roots of the
plants absorb the
water and push it

22. Runoff is the
process where
water runs over
the surface of
earth. When the
snow melts into
water it also
leads to runoff.

23. Some of the water
that precipitates
does not runoff into
the rivers and is
absorbed by the
plants or gets
evaporated. It moves
deep into the soil.
This is called

24. Water is a simple molecule
composed of two small,
positively charged hydrogen
atoms and one large
negatively charged oxygen
atom. When the hydrogens
bind to the oxygen, it creates
an asymmetrical molecule with
positive charge on one side
and negative charge on the
other side (Figure 1). This
charge differential is called
polarity and dictates how
Figure 1: Water Chemistry. Water
molecules are made of two hydrogens
and one oxygen. These atoms are of
different sizes and charges, which
creates the asymmetry in the
molecular structure and leads to
strong bonds between water and
other polar molecules, including water

25. Water molecules surround DNA in
an ordered fashion to support its
characteristic double-helix
conformation. Without this shape,
cells would be unable to follow the
careful instructions encoded by
DNA or to pass the instructions
onto future cells, making human
growth, reproduction, and,
ultimately, survival infeasible .

26. Water acts as both an acid and a base.
Although the chemical bonds within a
water molecule are very stable, it’s
possible for a water molecule to give
up a hydrogen and become OH–, thus
acting as a base, or accept another
hydrogen and become H3O+, thus
acting as an acid. This adaptability
allows water to combat drastic
changes of pH due to acidic or basic
substances in the body in a process
called buffering. Ultimately, this
protects proteins and other
in the cell.

27. • Photosynthesis.
• participates in building larger
molecules in cells.
• buffers cells from the
dangerous effects of acids and
bases

28. References
The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. (2020, May 27).
Water c ycle. Retrieved October 03, 2020, from
https://www.britannica.com/science/water-cycle
Sargen, M., & Utter, D. (2019, September 26). Biological
Roles of Water: Why is water necessary for life? Retrieved
October 03, 2020, from
http://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/uncategorized/2019/bio
logical- roles-of-water-why-is-water-necessary-for-
life/
THE WATER CYCLE: A GUIDE FOR STUDENTS. (n.d.).
Retrieved October 03, 2020, from
https://www.freedrinkingwater.com/resource-water-
cycle-student- guide.htm