1. The document discusses scientific investigations in plant physiology, which involves asking questions, developing hypotheses, designing experiments, and analyzing results.
2. It provides an example of a scientific experiment investigating the effects of sulfur dioxide exposure on soybean reproduction. The experiment had sulfur dioxide concentration and air exposure as the independent variables and number of seeds per pod and pod weight as the dependent variables.
3. The results were presented in tables comparing the number of seeds per pod and average seed weight between control and sulfur dioxide treatment groups.
The document outlines the basic process of scientific investigations in plant physiology, including an example experiment on the effects of air pollution on soybean plants.
Este documento descreve a missão do Brasil como "o coração do mundo" e "a pátria do evangelho". Explica que Jesus transplantou o evangelho para o Brasil para que seus ensinamentos florescessem e frutificassem em obras de amor para a humanidade. Afirma que, apesar das dificuldades, o Brasil caminha na vanguarda da espiritualização e realização dos ensinamentos de Cristo.
O documento descreve os primeiros passos do Espiritismo no Brasil a partir de 1845 e alguns de seus principais divulgadores como Joanna de Angelis, Antonio Gonçalves da Silva e Adolfo Bezerra de Menezes. Também menciona divulgadores atuais como Divaldo Pereira Franco, Raul Teixeira e Sueli Caldas Schubert.
This document discusses distant hybridization in fruit crops. It begins by defining interspecific and intergeneric hybridization. It then reviews the history of important early hybrids created, such as triticale. The main features of distant hybridization are that it is used to transfer desirable genes between related species when the trait is lacking within a species. It can result in fully fertile, partially fertile, or fully sterile crosses depending on the species. Problems that can occur include cross incompatibility, hybrid inviability, hybrid sterility, and hybrid breakdown. Techniques to overcome these barriers include manipulation of ploidy levels, use of growth regulators, embryo rescue, somatic hybridization, and use of bridge species. Several case studies are presented
Palestra Espírita
Ano: 2016
Proferida no Paraná (região de Curitiba e Litoral)
Palestrante: Wellington S M da Silva
E-mail: wsmsilva@gmail.com
Site: www.wsmsilva.blogspot.com
Este documento apresenta um programa de estudos introdutório à obra de Joanna de Ângelis com foco na psicologia. O programa visa facilitar o entendimento dos conceitos psicológicos utilizados por Joanna de Ângelis ao estudar a Doutrina Espírita, fornecendo diretrizes temáticas e bibliográficas para coordenadores. O documento também discute os requisitos para coordenar tais estudos, enfatizando o conhecimento doutrinário em vez de formação em psicologia.
Este documento discute a importância da vontade na evolução humana. A vontade é descrita como a gerência dos pensamentos e ações mentais que, quando fortalecida, permite o progresso espiritual através da reforma íntima e do aperfeiçoamento do caráter. O texto também aborda temas como desejos, paixões, fé e a necessidade de seguir o exemplo de Jesus Cristo para alcançar o bem absoluto.
1) O documento discute a visão espírita sobre a fé, incluindo o poder da fé, a fé religiosa e sua condição inabalável, a parábola da figueira que secou, e a fé como mãe da esperança e da caridade.
2) A fé raciocinada é inabalável porque se baseia nos fatos e na lógica, enquanto a fé cega pode ser abalada.
3) A figueira que secou representa pessoas e sistemas que aparentam o bem mas
O documento discute as causas do sofrimento humano. Afirma que algumas aflições têm origem na vida atual, devido a fatores como vícios, temperamento, imprudência. Outras têm causas anteriores nesta ou em vidas passadas, relacionadas a erros cometidos, explicando desigualdades. Defende que a Terra é um campo de aprendizado onde pagamos dívidas do passado e nos preparamos para o futuro.
Este documento descreve a missão do Brasil como "o coração do mundo" e "a pátria do evangelho". Explica que Jesus transplantou o evangelho para o Brasil para que seus ensinamentos florescessem e frutificassem em obras de amor para a humanidade. Afirma que, apesar das dificuldades, o Brasil caminha na vanguarda da espiritualização e realização dos ensinamentos de Cristo.
O documento descreve os primeiros passos do Espiritismo no Brasil a partir de 1845 e alguns de seus principais divulgadores como Joanna de Angelis, Antonio Gonçalves da Silva e Adolfo Bezerra de Menezes. Também menciona divulgadores atuais como Divaldo Pereira Franco, Raul Teixeira e Sueli Caldas Schubert.
This document discusses distant hybridization in fruit crops. It begins by defining interspecific and intergeneric hybridization. It then reviews the history of important early hybrids created, such as triticale. The main features of distant hybridization are that it is used to transfer desirable genes between related species when the trait is lacking within a species. It can result in fully fertile, partially fertile, or fully sterile crosses depending on the species. Problems that can occur include cross incompatibility, hybrid inviability, hybrid sterility, and hybrid breakdown. Techniques to overcome these barriers include manipulation of ploidy levels, use of growth regulators, embryo rescue, somatic hybridization, and use of bridge species. Several case studies are presented
Palestra Espírita
Ano: 2016
Proferida no Paraná (região de Curitiba e Litoral)
Palestrante: Wellington S M da Silva
E-mail: wsmsilva@gmail.com
Site: www.wsmsilva.blogspot.com
Este documento apresenta um programa de estudos introdutório à obra de Joanna de Ângelis com foco na psicologia. O programa visa facilitar o entendimento dos conceitos psicológicos utilizados por Joanna de Ângelis ao estudar a Doutrina Espírita, fornecendo diretrizes temáticas e bibliográficas para coordenadores. O documento também discute os requisitos para coordenar tais estudos, enfatizando o conhecimento doutrinário em vez de formação em psicologia.
Este documento discute a importância da vontade na evolução humana. A vontade é descrita como a gerência dos pensamentos e ações mentais que, quando fortalecida, permite o progresso espiritual através da reforma íntima e do aperfeiçoamento do caráter. O texto também aborda temas como desejos, paixões, fé e a necessidade de seguir o exemplo de Jesus Cristo para alcançar o bem absoluto.
1) O documento discute a visão espírita sobre a fé, incluindo o poder da fé, a fé religiosa e sua condição inabalável, a parábola da figueira que secou, e a fé como mãe da esperança e da caridade.
2) A fé raciocinada é inabalável porque se baseia nos fatos e na lógica, enquanto a fé cega pode ser abalada.
3) A figueira que secou representa pessoas e sistemas que aparentam o bem mas
O documento discute as causas do sofrimento humano. Afirma que algumas aflições têm origem na vida atual, devido a fatores como vícios, temperamento, imprudência. Outras têm causas anteriores nesta ou em vidas passadas, relacionadas a erros cometidos, explicando desigualdades. Defende que a Terra é um campo de aprendizado onde pagamos dívidas do passado e nos preparamos para o futuro.
Self-incompatibility is a mechanism that prevents pollen from one flower from fertilizing other flowers of the same plant. Self-incompatibility is often observed in plants belonging to such families as Solanaceae and Rosaceae.
Characteristics Improvement in Plant BreedingDev Hingra
Dev Hingra discusses techniques for improving plant characteristics in breeding programs. Genetic variation is created through crosses between plants and new varieties are selected and tested. Classical breeding techniques include self-pollination and cross-pollination to produce new varieties. Modern techniques use molecular biology and genetic modification to insert desirable traits. Genetic modification can produce desired traits faster than classical breeding. Future plant breeding will integrate both classical and new techniques like molecular markers to improve efficiency and effectiveness in crop improvement.
O documento resume os seis principais pontos da doutrina espírita e discute a lei da causa e efeito e ação e reação no contexto da justiça divina, ilustrando com sete casos de efeitos atuais ligados a causas em vidas passadas.
O documento discute a noção de dever, definindo-o como uma obrigação para consigo mesmo em primeiro lugar e com os outros em segundo lugar. Ele explora como o dever está presente nos atos mais simples e nobres da vida, tanto para nós mesmos quanto para os outros. Embora o dever seja difícil de cumprir devido à oposição dos interesses e paixões, quando vencemos essas batalhas internas, elevamos nosso espírito.
Reforma íntima sem martírio (psicografia wanderley s. de oliveira espírito ...Eduino Tschoepke
Este documento é um livro espírita sobre reforma interior sem martírio, escrito por Ermance Dufaux através da psicografia de Wanderley Soares de Oliveira. O livro contém 30 capítulos sobre temas como dores do martírio, ética da transformação, sexualidade e hipnose coletiva. O livro convida os leitores a participar da campanha de "Semeadura de Letras" compartilhando livros espíritas com outras pessoas.
Palestra proferida pelo advogado Ademir Munhoz, no CE "Leonor", em Sorocaba (SP), em julho de agosto de 2008.
Blog PARTIDA E CHEGADA
Artigos, reportagens e mensagens sobre espiritismo, a vida e a morte.
www.partidaechegada.com
Introduction
Advantages of Micropropagation over the conventional methods
History
Stages of Micropropagation
1. Stage 0; Preparative stage
2. Stage 1; Initiation of aseptic cultures
A) Explant
B) Sterilization
C) Browning of medium
Factors affecting initiation stage
Conclusions
References
Aula 7 de seres orgânicos e inorgânicos até inteligência e instintoFatoze
1) O documento apresenta um plano de aula sobre seres orgânicos e inorgânicos, inteligência e instinto.
2) Os objetivos são distinguir esses conceitos e compreender a importância do fluido vital.
3) As atividades incluem histórias, jogos e dinâmicas para explicar a diferença entre seres vivos e não vivos e como o fluido vital dá origem à vida.
O documento discute a importância do ânimo, fé e coragem para superar obstáculos e dificuldades na vida. Ele enfatiza que o ânimo motiva e dá alegria, a fé ilumina o destino e fortalece o coração, e a coragem vem da perseverança. Com esses três elementos, é possível enfrentar os esforços necessários para alcançar os objetivos, não desistindo no meio do caminho.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI)inventionjournals
This document discusses a study that assessed the effect of training dimensions on employee performance at Mumias Sugar Company in Kenya. Specifically, it examined the effects of training needs assessment, training contents and delivery approaches, and training evaluation on employee performance. The study found that training needs assessment, training contents, and training evaluation all had a positive and significant effect on employee performance at Mumias Sugar Company. The document provides background on the importance of training and reviews relevant literature on the relationship between training dimensions and employee performance.
O documento discute três ensinamentos de Jesus sobre desapego material: 1) não se preocupe com posses terrenas, foque no espiritual; 2) confie na providência divina para suas necessidades como os pássaros; 3) não se preocupe excessivamente com roupas, como os lírios confiem em Deus.
Cotton is a natural fiber that grows on a plant related to hibiscus. There are up to 50 cotton species in the Gossypium genus, with Gossypium hirsutum being the most commercially grown. Cotton fibers are used in textiles while the seeds are used as cattle feed and for cottonseed oil extraction. Cotton seeds develop fibers called lint that are removed by gins for use in textiles, while short hairs called fuzz remain on the seed.
Haploids are individuals that have only a single set of chromosomes. Because they have only a single set of chromosomes, every detrimental allele will be expressed, since none will be hidden by a dominant allele in the heterozygous condition. As such, it is doubtful that many haploids will survive very long. Haploid medaka , common carp , masu salmon , rainbow trout , Atlantic salmon , chum salmon and plaice have been produced for experimental purposes, but none lived long.
Esta introdução descreve como as instituições humanas como universidades e religiões ensinam muitas coisas supérfluas, mas não ensinam sobre o que as pessoas realmente precisam saber sobre a direção da vida terrena e a preparação para a vida após a morte. Isso causa incerteza, pessimismo e desânimo. A doutrina espírita pode preencher essas lacunas ao ensinar sobre a natureza e destino da alma humana.
1. The document discusses the different growth stages of plants including juvenile, transitional, mature, reproductive, and senescence stages.
2. It provides details on the juvenile stage, including that plants are vegetative and unable to flower during this phase, and examples of morphological differences between juvenile and adult forms.
3. The transitional stage is described as having characteristics of both juvenile and mature tissue and involving the transition from vegetative to floral meristems.
BEM AVENTURADOS OS QUE SOFREM PERSEGUIÇÃO POR AMOR A JUSTIÇASergio Menezes
- O documento discute a bem-aventurança dos que sofrem perseguição por causa da justiça e do reino dos céus.
- A justiça significa a atitude reta do homem para com Deus, seguindo os mandamentos do amor.
- Historicamente, os justos sofreram perseguição por sua espiritualidade superior, tanto por indivíduos quanto por sociedades.
Kingdoms of Life, Whittakers System of Organization, Biology Lesson PowerPointwww.sciencepowerpoint.com
This PowerPoint is one small part of the Taxonomy and Classification unit from www.sciencepowerpoint.com. A 3800+ slide Five Part PowerPoint presentation becomes the roadmap for an amazing and interactive science experience full of built-in lab activities, built-in quizzes, video links, class notes(red slides),review games, projects, unit notes, answer keys, and much more. Also included is a student version of the unit that is much like the teachers but missing the answer keys, quizzes, PowerPoint review games, hidden box challenges, owl, and surprises meant for the classroom. This is a great resource to distribute to your students and support professionals. The Classification and Taxonomy Unit covers topics associated with Taxonomy and Classification. The unit examines all of the Kingdoms of Life in detail. Areas of Focus within The Taxonomy and Classification Unit: -Taxonomy, Classification, Need for Taxonomy vs. Common Names, What is a Species?, Dichotomous Keys, What does Classification Use?, The Domains of Life, Kingdoms of Life,The 8 Taxonomic Ranks, Humans Taxonomic Classification, Kingdom Monera, Prokaryotic Cells, Types of Eubacteria, Bacteria Classification, Gram Staining,Bacterial Food Borne Illnesses, Penicillin and Antiseptic, Oral Hygiene and Plaque, Bacterial Reproduction (Binary Fission), Asexual Reproduction, Positives and Negatives of Bacteria, Protista, Plant-like Protists, Animal-like Protists, Fungi-like Protists, Animalia, Characteristics of Animalia, Animal Symmetry, Phylums of Animalia (Extensive), Classes of Chordata, Mammals, Subclasses of Mammals, Characteristics of Mammals, Fungi, Positives and Negatives of Fungi, Divisions of Fungi (Extensive), Parts of a Mushroom, 3 Roles of Fungi, Fungi Reproduction, Mold Prevention, Plant Divisions, Kingdom Plantae. If you have any questions please feel free to contact me. Thanks again and best wishes. Sincerely, Ryan Murphy www.sciencepowerpoint@gmail.com
Bio 107 General Ecology
Objectives:
Identify and describe
the flow of nutrients in
each biogeochemical
cycle.
Explain the impact
that humans have on
the biogeochemical
cycles.
A 2000+ slide PowerPoint presentation from www.sciencepowerpoint.com becomes the roadmap for an amazing learning experience. Complete with homework package, built-in activities with directions, built-in quizzes, unit notes, follow along worksheets, answer keys, video links, review games, rubrics, and much more.
Also included are directions on how create a student version of the unit that is much like the teachers but missing the answer keys, quizzes, PowerPoint review games, hidden box challenges, owl, and surprises meant for the classroom. This is a great resource to distribute to your students and support professionals and will only take you a few minutes to create.
This is a great introductory unit that covers science topics associated with Lab Safety, Magnification, Base Units of the Metric System, Scientific Method, Inferences, and Observation Skills (See list below for more topics covered). This unit includes an interactive and engaging PowerPoint Presentation of 2000 slides with built in class notes (Red Slides), lab activities, project ideas, discussion questions, assessments (Quiz Wiz), and challenge questions with answers.
Text is in large print (32 font) and is placed at the top of each slide so it can seen and read from all angles of a classroom. A shade technique, as well as color coded text helps to increase student focus and allows teacher to control pace of the lessons. Also included is a 10 page assessment / bundled homework that chronologically follows the slideshow for nightly homework and end of the unit assessment, as well as a 9 page modified assessment. 14 pages of class notes with images are also included for students who require modifications, as well as answer keys to both of the assessments for support professionals, teachers, and home school parents. Several video links are provided and a slide within the slideshow cues teacher / parent when the videos are most relevant to play. Video shorts usually range from 2-7 minutes. One PowerPoint review game (125+ slides)is included. Answers to the PowerPoint review game are provided in PowerPoint form so students can self-assess. Lastly, several class games such as guess the hidden picture beneath the boxes, and the find the hidden owl somewhere within the slideshow are provided. Difficulty rating of 5 (Ten is most difficult)
Thank you for time and if you have any questions please feel free to contact me at www.sciencepowerpoint@gmail.com. Best wishes.
Teaching Duration = 4+ Weeks
Sincerely,
Ryan Murphy M.Ed
Science PowerPoints
This PowerPoint was one very small part of my Ecology Interactions Unit from the website http://sciencepowerpoint.com/index.html .This unit includes a 3 part 2000+ Slide PowerPoint loaded with activities, project ideas, critical class notes (red slides), review opportunities, challenge questions with answers, 3 PowerPoint review games (125 slides each) and much more. A bundled homework package and detailed unit notes chronologically follow the PowerPoint slideshow.
Areas of Focus within The Ecology Interactions Unit: Levels of Biological Organization (Ecology), Parts of the Biosphere, Habitat, Ecological Niche, Types of Competition, Competitive Exclusion Theory, Animal Interactions, Food Webs, Predator Prey Relationships, Camouflage, Population Sampling, Abundance, Relative Abundance, Diversity, Mimicry, Batesian Mimicry, Mullerian Mimicry, Symbiosis, Parasitism, Mutualism, Commensalism, Plant and Animal Interactions, Coevolution, Animal Strategies to Eat Plants, Plant Defense Mechanisms, Exotic Species, Impacts of Invasive Exotic Species. If you have any questions please feel free to contact me. Thank you again and best wishes.
Sincerely,
Ryan Murphy M.Ed
www.sciencepowerpoint@gmail.com
Self-incompatibility is a mechanism that prevents pollen from one flower from fertilizing other flowers of the same plant. Self-incompatibility is often observed in plants belonging to such families as Solanaceae and Rosaceae.
Characteristics Improvement in Plant BreedingDev Hingra
Dev Hingra discusses techniques for improving plant characteristics in breeding programs. Genetic variation is created through crosses between plants and new varieties are selected and tested. Classical breeding techniques include self-pollination and cross-pollination to produce new varieties. Modern techniques use molecular biology and genetic modification to insert desirable traits. Genetic modification can produce desired traits faster than classical breeding. Future plant breeding will integrate both classical and new techniques like molecular markers to improve efficiency and effectiveness in crop improvement.
O documento resume os seis principais pontos da doutrina espírita e discute a lei da causa e efeito e ação e reação no contexto da justiça divina, ilustrando com sete casos de efeitos atuais ligados a causas em vidas passadas.
O documento discute a noção de dever, definindo-o como uma obrigação para consigo mesmo em primeiro lugar e com os outros em segundo lugar. Ele explora como o dever está presente nos atos mais simples e nobres da vida, tanto para nós mesmos quanto para os outros. Embora o dever seja difícil de cumprir devido à oposição dos interesses e paixões, quando vencemos essas batalhas internas, elevamos nosso espírito.
Reforma íntima sem martírio (psicografia wanderley s. de oliveira espírito ...Eduino Tschoepke
Este documento é um livro espírita sobre reforma interior sem martírio, escrito por Ermance Dufaux através da psicografia de Wanderley Soares de Oliveira. O livro contém 30 capítulos sobre temas como dores do martírio, ética da transformação, sexualidade e hipnose coletiva. O livro convida os leitores a participar da campanha de "Semeadura de Letras" compartilhando livros espíritas com outras pessoas.
Palestra proferida pelo advogado Ademir Munhoz, no CE "Leonor", em Sorocaba (SP), em julho de agosto de 2008.
Blog PARTIDA E CHEGADA
Artigos, reportagens e mensagens sobre espiritismo, a vida e a morte.
www.partidaechegada.com
Introduction
Advantages of Micropropagation over the conventional methods
History
Stages of Micropropagation
1. Stage 0; Preparative stage
2. Stage 1; Initiation of aseptic cultures
A) Explant
B) Sterilization
C) Browning of medium
Factors affecting initiation stage
Conclusions
References
Aula 7 de seres orgânicos e inorgânicos até inteligência e instintoFatoze
1) O documento apresenta um plano de aula sobre seres orgânicos e inorgânicos, inteligência e instinto.
2) Os objetivos são distinguir esses conceitos e compreender a importância do fluido vital.
3) As atividades incluem histórias, jogos e dinâmicas para explicar a diferença entre seres vivos e não vivos e como o fluido vital dá origem à vida.
O documento discute a importância do ânimo, fé e coragem para superar obstáculos e dificuldades na vida. Ele enfatiza que o ânimo motiva e dá alegria, a fé ilumina o destino e fortalece o coração, e a coragem vem da perseverança. Com esses três elementos, é possível enfrentar os esforços necessários para alcançar os objetivos, não desistindo no meio do caminho.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI)inventionjournals
This document discusses a study that assessed the effect of training dimensions on employee performance at Mumias Sugar Company in Kenya. Specifically, it examined the effects of training needs assessment, training contents and delivery approaches, and training evaluation on employee performance. The study found that training needs assessment, training contents, and training evaluation all had a positive and significant effect on employee performance at Mumias Sugar Company. The document provides background on the importance of training and reviews relevant literature on the relationship between training dimensions and employee performance.
O documento discute três ensinamentos de Jesus sobre desapego material: 1) não se preocupe com posses terrenas, foque no espiritual; 2) confie na providência divina para suas necessidades como os pássaros; 3) não se preocupe excessivamente com roupas, como os lírios confiem em Deus.
Cotton is a natural fiber that grows on a plant related to hibiscus. There are up to 50 cotton species in the Gossypium genus, with Gossypium hirsutum being the most commercially grown. Cotton fibers are used in textiles while the seeds are used as cattle feed and for cottonseed oil extraction. Cotton seeds develop fibers called lint that are removed by gins for use in textiles, while short hairs called fuzz remain on the seed.
Haploids are individuals that have only a single set of chromosomes. Because they have only a single set of chromosomes, every detrimental allele will be expressed, since none will be hidden by a dominant allele in the heterozygous condition. As such, it is doubtful that many haploids will survive very long. Haploid medaka , common carp , masu salmon , rainbow trout , Atlantic salmon , chum salmon and plaice have been produced for experimental purposes, but none lived long.
Esta introdução descreve como as instituições humanas como universidades e religiões ensinam muitas coisas supérfluas, mas não ensinam sobre o que as pessoas realmente precisam saber sobre a direção da vida terrena e a preparação para a vida após a morte. Isso causa incerteza, pessimismo e desânimo. A doutrina espírita pode preencher essas lacunas ao ensinar sobre a natureza e destino da alma humana.
1. The document discusses the different growth stages of plants including juvenile, transitional, mature, reproductive, and senescence stages.
2. It provides details on the juvenile stage, including that plants are vegetative and unable to flower during this phase, and examples of morphological differences between juvenile and adult forms.
3. The transitional stage is described as having characteristics of both juvenile and mature tissue and involving the transition from vegetative to floral meristems.
BEM AVENTURADOS OS QUE SOFREM PERSEGUIÇÃO POR AMOR A JUSTIÇASergio Menezes
- O documento discute a bem-aventurança dos que sofrem perseguição por causa da justiça e do reino dos céus.
- A justiça significa a atitude reta do homem para com Deus, seguindo os mandamentos do amor.
- Historicamente, os justos sofreram perseguição por sua espiritualidade superior, tanto por indivíduos quanto por sociedades.
Kingdoms of Life, Whittakers System of Organization, Biology Lesson PowerPointwww.sciencepowerpoint.com
This PowerPoint is one small part of the Taxonomy and Classification unit from www.sciencepowerpoint.com. A 3800+ slide Five Part PowerPoint presentation becomes the roadmap for an amazing and interactive science experience full of built-in lab activities, built-in quizzes, video links, class notes(red slides),review games, projects, unit notes, answer keys, and much more. Also included is a student version of the unit that is much like the teachers but missing the answer keys, quizzes, PowerPoint review games, hidden box challenges, owl, and surprises meant for the classroom. This is a great resource to distribute to your students and support professionals. The Classification and Taxonomy Unit covers topics associated with Taxonomy and Classification. The unit examines all of the Kingdoms of Life in detail. Areas of Focus within The Taxonomy and Classification Unit: -Taxonomy, Classification, Need for Taxonomy vs. Common Names, What is a Species?, Dichotomous Keys, What does Classification Use?, The Domains of Life, Kingdoms of Life,The 8 Taxonomic Ranks, Humans Taxonomic Classification, Kingdom Monera, Prokaryotic Cells, Types of Eubacteria, Bacteria Classification, Gram Staining,Bacterial Food Borne Illnesses, Penicillin and Antiseptic, Oral Hygiene and Plaque, Bacterial Reproduction (Binary Fission), Asexual Reproduction, Positives and Negatives of Bacteria, Protista, Plant-like Protists, Animal-like Protists, Fungi-like Protists, Animalia, Characteristics of Animalia, Animal Symmetry, Phylums of Animalia (Extensive), Classes of Chordata, Mammals, Subclasses of Mammals, Characteristics of Mammals, Fungi, Positives and Negatives of Fungi, Divisions of Fungi (Extensive), Parts of a Mushroom, 3 Roles of Fungi, Fungi Reproduction, Mold Prevention, Plant Divisions, Kingdom Plantae. If you have any questions please feel free to contact me. Thanks again and best wishes. Sincerely, Ryan Murphy www.sciencepowerpoint@gmail.com
Bio 107 General Ecology
Objectives:
Identify and describe
the flow of nutrients in
each biogeochemical
cycle.
Explain the impact
that humans have on
the biogeochemical
cycles.
A 2000+ slide PowerPoint presentation from www.sciencepowerpoint.com becomes the roadmap for an amazing learning experience. Complete with homework package, built-in activities with directions, built-in quizzes, unit notes, follow along worksheets, answer keys, video links, review games, rubrics, and much more.
Also included are directions on how create a student version of the unit that is much like the teachers but missing the answer keys, quizzes, PowerPoint review games, hidden box challenges, owl, and surprises meant for the classroom. This is a great resource to distribute to your students and support professionals and will only take you a few minutes to create.
This is a great introductory unit that covers science topics associated with Lab Safety, Magnification, Base Units of the Metric System, Scientific Method, Inferences, and Observation Skills (See list below for more topics covered). This unit includes an interactive and engaging PowerPoint Presentation of 2000 slides with built in class notes (Red Slides), lab activities, project ideas, discussion questions, assessments (Quiz Wiz), and challenge questions with answers.
Text is in large print (32 font) and is placed at the top of each slide so it can seen and read from all angles of a classroom. A shade technique, as well as color coded text helps to increase student focus and allows teacher to control pace of the lessons. Also included is a 10 page assessment / bundled homework that chronologically follows the slideshow for nightly homework and end of the unit assessment, as well as a 9 page modified assessment. 14 pages of class notes with images are also included for students who require modifications, as well as answer keys to both of the assessments for support professionals, teachers, and home school parents. Several video links are provided and a slide within the slideshow cues teacher / parent when the videos are most relevant to play. Video shorts usually range from 2-7 minutes. One PowerPoint review game (125+ slides)is included. Answers to the PowerPoint review game are provided in PowerPoint form so students can self-assess. Lastly, several class games such as guess the hidden picture beneath the boxes, and the find the hidden owl somewhere within the slideshow are provided. Difficulty rating of 5 (Ten is most difficult)
Thank you for time and if you have any questions please feel free to contact me at www.sciencepowerpoint@gmail.com. Best wishes.
Teaching Duration = 4+ Weeks
Sincerely,
Ryan Murphy M.Ed
Science PowerPoints
This PowerPoint was one very small part of my Ecology Interactions Unit from the website http://sciencepowerpoint.com/index.html .This unit includes a 3 part 2000+ Slide PowerPoint loaded with activities, project ideas, critical class notes (red slides), review opportunities, challenge questions with answers, 3 PowerPoint review games (125 slides each) and much more. A bundled homework package and detailed unit notes chronologically follow the PowerPoint slideshow.
Areas of Focus within The Ecology Interactions Unit: Levels of Biological Organization (Ecology), Parts of the Biosphere, Habitat, Ecological Niche, Types of Competition, Competitive Exclusion Theory, Animal Interactions, Food Webs, Predator Prey Relationships, Camouflage, Population Sampling, Abundance, Relative Abundance, Diversity, Mimicry, Batesian Mimicry, Mullerian Mimicry, Symbiosis, Parasitism, Mutualism, Commensalism, Plant and Animal Interactions, Coevolution, Animal Strategies to Eat Plants, Plant Defense Mechanisms, Exotic Species, Impacts of Invasive Exotic Species. If you have any questions please feel free to contact me. Thank you again and best wishes.
Sincerely,
Ryan Murphy M.Ed
www.sciencepowerpoint@gmail.com
The document reviews three types of scientific investigations: descriptive, comparative, and experimental. Descriptive investigations involve making observations without manipulation, comparative investigations compare the effect of a variable on two or more groups, and experimental investigations determine how a variable affects a group using a control and experimental group. The key parts of an experiment are outlined as the research question, hypothesis, procedure, control and experimental groups, independent and dependent variables, observations, data analysis, and conclusion.
This PowerPoint is one small part of the Taxonomy and Classification unit from www.sciencepowerpoint.com. Teaching Duration = 7 Weeks. A 2700 slide PowerPoint presentation becomes the roadmap for an amazing science experience. Complete with bundled homework package, hands-on activities built into the slideshow with directions, many built-in quizzes, answer keys, unit. Areas of Focus in The Plant Unit: Plant photo tour, Plant Evolution, Importance of Algae, Lichens, The Three Types of Lichens, Non-Vascular Plants, Bryophytes,Seedless Vascular Plants (Ferns), Seeds, Seed Dormancy, Factors that Break Seed Dormancy, Germination, Parts of a Young Plant, Monocots and Dicots, Roots and Water, Types of Roots, Water Uptake and Photosynthesis, Plant Hormones, Types of Plant Tissues, Xylem and Phloem, Woody Plants, Leaves,Light and Plants, Transpiration, Guard Cells, Leaf Identification, Plant Life Cycles, Seed Plant Life Cycles, Parts of a Flower, Matured Ovaries (Fruits), Types of Fruit and much more. f you have any questions please feel free to contact me. Thanks again and best wishes. Sincerely, Ryan Murphy www.sciencepowerpoint@gmail.com
Tips for writing scientific journal articlesaamirmub
This document provides tips for writing scientific journal articles. It discusses selecting a target journal, recommended writing order for article elements like the title, abstract, introduction, etc. It also covers submission and review, what reviewers look for, and reacting to reviewer comments. Additionally, it includes a chapter on language issues, discussing scientific writing as a persuasive narrative and necessary writing skills. The overall aim is to provide concrete guidance for researchers, especially doctoral students, in publishing their work.
This PowerPoint is one small part of the Taxonomy and Classification unit from www.sciencepowerpoint.com. A 3800+ slide Five Part PowerPoint presentation becomes the roadmap for an amazing and interactive science experience full of built-in lab activities, built-in quizzes, video links, class notes(red slides),review games, projects, unit notes, answer keys, and much more. Also included is a student version of the unit that is much like the teachers but missing the answer keys, quizzes, PowerPoint review games, hidden box challenges, owl, and surprises meant for the classroom. This is a great resource to distribute to your students and support professionals. The Classification and Taxonomy Unit covers topics associated with Taxonomy and Classification. The unit examines all of the Kingdoms of Life in detail. Areas of Focus within The Taxonomy and Classification Unit: -Taxonomy, Classification, Need for Taxonomy vs. Common Names, What is a Species?, Dichotomous Keys, What does Classification Use?, The Domains of Life, Kingdoms of Life,The 8 Taxonomic Ranks, Humans Taxonomic Classification, Kingdom Monera, Prokaryotic Cells, Types of Eubacteria, Bacteria Classification, Gram Staining,Bacterial Food Borne Illnesses, Penicillin and Antiseptic, Oral Hygiene and Plaque, Bacterial Reproduction (Binary Fission), Asexual Reproduction, Positives and Negatives of Bacteria, Protista, Plant-like Protists, Animal-like Protists, Fungi-like Protists, Animalia, Characteristics of Animalia, Animal Symmetry, Phylums of Animalia (Extensive), Classes of Chordata, Mammals, Subclasses of Mammals, Characteristics of Mammals, Fungi, Positives and Negatives of Fungi, Divisions of Fungi (Extensive), Parts of a Mushroom, 3 Roles of Fungi, Fungi Reproduction, Mold Prevention, Plant Divisions, Kingdom Plantae. If you have any questions please feel free to contact me. Thanks again and best wishes. Sincerely, Ryan Murphy www.sciencepowerpoint@gmail.com
Variables are named values that can change during program execution. They act like buckets that can hold different contents. Variables must be declared with a name and data type and can then be assigned values. Common uses of variables include storing user input, counts in loops, and any value that needs to change. Declaring variables involves using the Dim statement along with the variable name and data type.
Water Cycle Lesson PowerPoint, Hydrological Cycle, Biogeochemical Cycles Lessonwww.sciencepowerpoint.com
This PowerPoint was one very small part of my Ecology Interactions Unit from the website http://sciencepowerpoint.com/index.html .This unit includes a 3 part 2000+ Slide PowerPoint loaded with activities, project ideas, critical class notes (red slides), review opportunities, challenge questions with answers, 3 PowerPoint review games (125 slides each) and much more. A bundled homework package and detailed unit notes chronologically follow the PowerPoint slideshow.
Areas of Focus within The Ecology Interactions Unit: Levels of Biological Organization (Ecology), Parts of the Biosphere, Habitat, Ecological Niche, Types of Competition, Competitive Exclusion Theory, Animal Interactions, Food Webs, Predator Prey Relationships, Camouflage, Population Sampling, Abundance, Relative Abundance, Diversity, Mimicry, Batesian Mimicry, Mullerian Mimicry, Symbiosis, Parasitism, Mutualism, Commensalism, Plant and Animal Interactions, Coevolution, Animal Strategies to Eat Plants, Plant Defense Mechanisms, Exotic Species, Impacts of Invasive Exotic Species. If you have any questions please feel free to contact me. Thank you again and best wishes.
Sincerely,
Ryan Murphy M.Ed
www.sciencepowerpoint@gmail.com
A 2000+ slide PowerPoint presentation from www.sciencepowerpoint.com becomes the roadmap for an amazing learning experience. Complete with homework package, built-in activities with directions, built-in quizzes, unit notes, follow along worksheets, answer keys, video links, review games, rubrics, and much more.
Also included are directions on how create a student version of the unit that is much like the teachers but missing the answer keys, quizzes, PowerPoint review games, hidden box challenges, owl, and surprises meant for the classroom. This is a great resource to distribute to your students and support professionals and will only take you a few minutes to create.
This is a great introductory unit that covers science topics associated with Lab Safety, Magnification, Base Units of the Metric System, Scientific Method, Inferences, and Observation Skills (See list below for more topics covered). This unit includes an interactive and engaging PowerPoint Presentation of 2000 slides with built in class notes (Red Slides), lab activities, project ideas, discussion questions, assessments (Quiz Wiz), and challenge questions with answers.
Text is in large print (32 font) and is placed at the top of each slide so it can seen and read from all angles of a classroom. A shade technique, as well as color coded text helps to increase student focus and allows teacher to control pace of the lessons. Also included is a 10 page assessment / bundled homework that chronologically follows the slideshow for nightly homework and end of the unit assessment, as well as a 9 page modified assessment. 14 pages of class notes with images are also included for students who require modifications, as well as answer keys to both of the assessments for support professionals, teachers, and home school parents. Several video links are provided and a slide within the slideshow cues teacher / parent when the videos are most relevant to play. Video shorts usually range from 2-7 minutes. One PowerPoint review game (125+ slides)is included. Answers to the PowerPoint review game are provided in PowerPoint form so students can self-assess. Lastly, several class games such as guess the hidden picture beneath the boxes, and the find the hidden owl somewhere within the slideshow are provided. Difficulty rating of 5 (Ten is most difficult)
Thank you for time and if you have any questions please feel free to contact me at www.sciencepowerpoint@gmail.com. Best wishes.
Teaching Duration = 4+ Weeks
Sincerely,
Ryan Murphy M.Ed
Science PowerPoints
Chapter 3 & 5 Lecture- Ecology & Population GrowthMary Beth Smith
The document discusses several key concepts in ecology including:
- Producers (autotrophs) obtain energy through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis and are the base of the food chain.
- Energy and matter cycle through ecosystems in food chains and webs with producers as the first trophic level and multiple consumer levels above.
- Nutrients like carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycle through ecosystems via biogeochemical cycles as they pass between organisms and the environment.
The document discusses scientific research and the hypothetico-deductive method. It defines research as a systematic, objective inquiry to solve problems. Scientific research focuses on gathering data through logical steps to analyze problems and draw valid conclusions. The key aspects of scientific research are that it is purposeful, rigorous, testable, replicable, precise, objective, generalizable, and parsimonious. The seven steps of the hypothetico-deductive method are to identify a problem, define hypotheses, determine measures, collect data, analyze data, and interpret results. Other research methods include case studies and action research.
The document defines ecology as the scientific study of the interaction between living organisms and their environment. It discusses key concepts in ecology like ecosystems, biotic and abiotic components, energy flow, nutrient cycling, and trophic structure. Some key types of ecosystems mentioned are forests, grasslands, deserts, aquatic, urban, and agricultural ecosystems.
The document provides guidance on the structure and components of a scientific research paper, outlining the typical chapters which include an introduction, literature review, methodology, results and discussion, conclusion, and recommendations. Instructions are given for key sections such as the abstract, hypothesis, and bibliography. The purpose of the research paper is to investigate and solve a scientific problem or question using the scientific method.
This PowerPoint was one very small part of my Ecology Interactions Unit from the website http://sciencepowerpoint.com/index.html .This unit includes a 3 part 2000+ Slide PowerPoint loaded with activities, project ideas, critical class notes (red slides), review opportunities, challenge questions with answers, 3 PowerPoint review games (125 slides each) and much more. A bundled homework package and detailed unit notes chronologically follow the PowerPoint slideshow.
Areas of Focus within The Ecology Interactions Unit: Levels of Biological Organization (Ecology), Parts of the Biosphere, Habitat, Ecological Niche, Types of Competition, Competitive Exclusion Theory, Animal Interactions, Food Webs, Predator Prey Relationships, Camouflage, Population Sampling, Abundance, Relative Abundance, Diversity, Mimicry, Batesian Mimicry, Mullerian Mimicry, Symbiosis, Parasitism, Mutualism, Commensalism, Plant and Animal Interactions, Coevolution, Animal Strategies to Eat Plants, Plant Defense Mechanisms, Exotic Species, Impacts of Invasive Exotic Species. If you have any questions please feel free to contact me. Thank you again and best wishes.
Sincerely,
Ryan Murphy M.Ed
www.sciencepowerpoint@gmail.com
The document outlines the 7-step scientific method process used in class to conduct scientific investigations:
1. Formulate a question based on observations.
2. Research the question to see if it has been studied before and understand relevant scientific concepts.
3. Form a testable hypothesis predicting the outcome.
4. Conduct an experiment to test the hypothesis, carefully recording all data and observations.
5. Analyze the data for trends that either support or refute the hypothesis.
6. Draw conclusions about whether the data supports the hypothesis.
7. Communicate the results so others can analyze and build upon the findings.
The document discusses the key components and dynamics of ecosystems. It describes how ecosystems have interacting abiotic and biotic factors that are connected by energy, nutrients, and minerals. Energy flows in one direction through ecosystems from the sun to producers to consumers, while nutrients and minerals circulate and recirculate between factors. The main dynamics of ecosystems include energy flow, primary and secondary production through food chains and webs, trophic levels, and biogeochemical cycles.
Here are the answers to your questions:
1. What is an equipment? (4 points)
An equipment refers to tools, instruments, devices, and machinery used in agricultural crop production operations that require more power than hand tools. They are usually motorized or animal-drawn. (4 points)
2. Give the specific uses and function of the following equipment:
A. Hand tractor (3 points)
A hand tractor is a small tractor powered by a gasoline engine and used for tilling small areas of land. Its functions include plowing, harrowing, and transporting farm inputs and outputs. (3 points)
B. Four wheel tractor (3 points)
A four wheel tractor is a
The document summarizes a student's biology research project investigating the effect of light exposure on mung bean germination. The student designed an experiment with five light exposure conditions (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 hours per day) and tracked germination rates over 72 hours. Results showed that mung beans receiving 8 hours of light germinated the fastest, with a statistically significant difference from the no light condition. However, differences between other light intervals were not statistically significant. The student concluded that increased light exposure facilitated faster germination by warming the beans and stimulating enzymes.
This document provides a review of key scientific concepts including:
1) Variables that can change in an experiment are called variables. The variable directly controlled by the scientist is the manipulated/independent variable and the variable measured is the responding/dependent variable.
2) Examples of experiments are provided including how eating breakfast affects grades and how surface type affects skateboard speed.
3) Key terms defined include variables, hypotheses, experiments, and controls. Controlled experiments only vary one variable while holding others constant.
The document contains a written exam for Steve Brandon containing 8 questions about food science. Question 1 asks him to describe the 5 most important food science discoveries in the past 50 years and choose one to discuss in more detail. It then asks for an experimental design to continue research in that area. Question 2 asks him to discuss 3 food preservation processes and provide details of each. The exam continues with questions about evaporation, psychrotrophic bacteria, food pathogens, membrane filtration processes and applications of dissertation research.
Effect of tocopherol extraction of lepidium sativum seeds in sperm parameters...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that investigated the effects of tocopherol extracted from Lepidium sativum (garden cress) seeds on sperm parameters in male rabbits. The study found that orally administering 33.6 mg/kg of body weight per day of the tocopherol extract for 50 days significantly increased testicular and epididymal sperm concentration, sperm motility, viability and reduced abnormal morphology. This suggests the tocopherol extract from garden cress seeds has the potential to enhance human fertility.
Midterm Lad Report 7
Midterm Lab Report
Introduction
Cellular respiration refers to all the metabolic processes and chemical reactions that take place in living organisms, particularly at the cellular level. These processes focus on the extraction of energy from nutrients. It is also responsible for converting the biochemical energy into 'adenosine triphosphate' (ATP) by the breakdown of sugars in the cells (Bennet 58). Cellular respiration is also responsible for the process by which cells release chemical energy required for conducting cellular activities. The reactions and processes facilitate the release of waste products from the cells. This experiment seeks to conduct a study of the processes and reactions involved during cellular respiration. The experiment will include several activities, such as having a study on the amount of Carbon dioxide produced during the experiment.
The number of levels of the growth of a yeast medium as a dependent variable will also be monitored during the experiment. There are other several independent variables associated with the experiment. These independent variables include sugar and temperature, among others, and their role in the experiment were also monitored. The experiment design involved the use of airtight balloons capped over reaction chambers that were used to collect the Carbon dioxide produced during the experiment. The reaction chambers contained sugars and yeast medium, which facilitated the reactions. Thermometers and pH scale were used to monitor the changes in temperature and acidity levels during the experiment. The paper involves a lab design that institute steps such as arranging the bottles used on the experiment. Notably, a proper arrangement to make sure that all the carbon dioxide released during the respiration process is well tapped in the bottles for correct lab results
Methodology
The actual procedure for experimenting involved taking measurements and recording of all observations made during the experiment. For accurate results, measures were taken three times, and a mean measurement was calculated and recorded. Winzler asserts that the mean obtained from the measurements should be used to calculate the standard deviation, which in turn facilitated the calculation of uncertainty (276). Below are the steps for conducting the experiment. It is essential to read the instructions carefully safety and accuracy during the experiment. Notably, all the lab and experiment results were well observed and thus making sure that there are limited errors in the whole process.
Consequently, all the steps required in the lab report were also clearly followed to help in getting the correct data and even not to affect the whole experiment process. The experiment involved setting the apparatus as per the set standard and the requirement. As per this concept, all the apparatus were set in a proper way to avoid vague results. Notably, to get the correct measurement and results, it is import.
Midterm Lad Report 7
Midterm Lab Report
Introduction
Cellular respiration refers to all the metabolic processes and chemical reactions that take place in living organisms, particularly at the cellular level. These processes focus on the extraction of energy from nutrients. It is also responsible for converting the biochemical energy into 'adenosine triphosphate' (ATP) by the breakdown of sugars in the cells (Bennet 58). Cellular respiration is also responsible for the process by which cells release chemical energy required for conducting cellular activities. The reactions and processes facilitate the release of waste products from the cells. This experiment seeks to conduct a study of the processes and reactions involved during cellular respiration. The experiment will include several activities, such as having a study on the amount of Carbon dioxide produced during the experiment.
The number of levels of the growth of a yeast medium as a dependent variable will also be monitored during the experiment. There are other several independent variables associated with the experiment. These independent variables include sugar and temperature, among others, and their role in the experiment were also monitored. The experiment design involved the use of airtight balloons capped over reaction chambers that were used to collect the Carbon dioxide produced during the experiment. The reaction chambers contained sugars and yeast medium, which facilitated the reactions. Thermometers and pH scale were used to monitor the changes in temperature and acidity levels during the experiment. The paper involves a lab design that institute steps such as arranging the bottles used on the experiment. Notably, a proper arrangement to make sure that all the carbon dioxide released during the respiration process is well tapped in the bottles for correct lab results
Methodology
The actual procedure for experimenting involved taking measurements and recording of all observations made during the experiment. For accurate results, measures were taken three times, and a mean measurement was calculated and recorded. Winzler asserts that the mean obtained from the measurements should be used to calculate the standard deviation, which in turn facilitated the calculation of uncertainty (276). Below are the steps for conducting the experiment. It is essential to read the instructions carefully safety and accuracy during the experiment. Notably, all the lab and experiment results were well observed and thus making sure that there are limited errors in the whole process.
Consequently, all the steps required in the lab report were also clearly followed to help in getting the correct data and even not to affect the whole experiment process. The experiment involved setting the apparatus as per the set standard and the requirement. As per this concept, all the apparatus were set in a proper way to avoid vague results. Notably, to get the correct measurement and results, it is import.
This document discusses key concepts in experimental design including:
- Experiments actively impose treatments to observe responses while observational studies simply observe outcomes.
- Proper experimental design includes random assignment of experimental units to control and treatment groups to control for confounding variables and ensure validity.
- Examples demonstrate different experimental designs like completely randomized and randomized block designs. Well-designed experiments are needed to establish cause and effect.
This study examined the growth rate and hydrocarbon production of the algae Botryococcus braunii when grown in different mediums. Two strains of B. braunii were grown in three different liquid mediums for two months. The hydrocarbon production was measured weekly by separating the hydrocarbon biofilm from the algal cells. Only one bottle showed algal growth, while bacteria dominated the other bottles. The experiment did not provide clear results on hydrocarbon production or growth rates. Key lessons learned were that the air delivery and light intensity needed improvement, and inoculation amounts should be increased for better results.
The document describes a lab experiment that tests how the addition of a pGLO plasmid affects the growth and characteristics of E. coli bacteria. The experiment involves transforming E. coli bacteria with the pGLO plasmid by adding it to a solution containing the bacteria. One solution receives the pGLO plasmid (+pGLO) while the other does not (-pGLO). The bacteria are then observed under UV light and incubated under various conditions to analyze effects on growth and gene expression.
The document provides an overview of key concepts in biology. It discusses that biology unifies natural science by studying living systems, which are the most complex chemical systems on Earth. It then summarizes the seven characteristics of living organisms and describes the hierarchical organization of living things from cells to biological systems.
This document summarizes advances in seed testing technologies for major crops. It discusses the history and concepts of seed testing, including assessing genetic purity, physical purity, physiological quality, and seed health. Modern methods like molecular markers, image analysis, and spectral imaging provide non-destructive, quick, and highly accurate testing compared to traditional techniques. These advances allow for improved evaluation of seed quality attributes and performance.
nettle propsal presentation power point Afaf final copy.pptxAfafAbuhilal
This document presents a literature review and methodology for a study on the extraction of bioactive compounds from stinging nettle (Urtica dioica). Key points:
1. Stinging nettle is a common weed with stinging hairs that contains various nutrients, minerals, vitamins, proteins, and polyphenols like ursolic acid and quercetin that have medical benefits.
2. The study will extract bioactive compounds using solvent extraction methods like Soxhlet extraction and determine total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. It will also examine antimicrobial effects.
3. A literature review found that ethanol extraction via Soxhlet had the highest yields in other studies. Parameters like solvent, temperature
This document describes experiments to study the effects of various drugs on isolated frog heart, blood pressure, and heart rate in dogs. The experiments involve setting up perfused frog heart preparations and measuring the chronotropic and inotropic effects of drugs. The effects of drugs are also studied on normal and calcium-depleted hypodynamic frog hearts. In addition, the effects of sympathomimetic and parasympathomimetic drugs on mean blood pressure and heart rate are measured in anesthetized dogs using a cannulation technique.
This document discusses various study designs used in bioequivalence studies. It describes the objectives of such studies as determining if a test product is bioequivalent to a reference product when administered at the same molar dose under similar conditions. Some key study designs discussed include non-replicated parallel studies for long-acting drugs, multiple dose steady state studies, and clinical endpoint studies comparing therapeutic effects. Special considerations are also noted for highly variable drugs.
The document summarizes an experiment to detect genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in common snack foods using PCR and gel electrophoresis. Four foods were tested: Frito Corn Chips, Nilla Wafers, Kettle Corn Chips, and Cheddar Sun Chips. All foods tested positive for plant DNA, while only Frito Corn Chips and Cheddar Sun Chips tested positive for GMO DNA. The results were verified using positive and negative controls as well as a DNA ladder. Issues encountered included the non-GMO negative control not appearing as expected, possibly due to insufficient grinding of the sample.
The Scientific Method involves a series of steps used to investigate natural occurrences:
1) Ask a question and conduct research. 2) Form a hypothesis with variables. 3) Design an experiment with controls. 4) Collect and analyze data. 5) Draw a conclusion accepting or rejecting the hypothesis. The example provided John's experiment testing how sugar content affects bread rise, demonstrating these steps.
This document summarizes a study on the allelopathic effects of different concentrations of leaf extracts of Lawsonia inermis L. on the seed germination of Steria italica, Pennisetum americanum, and Lactuca sativa. Seeds were treated with aqueous extracts of dried and crushed L. inermis leaves at concentrations of 0.5g, 1.0g, and 1.5g that were soaked for 24, 48, and 72 hours. The extracts showed inhibition of germination percentage and seedling growth in terms of radical and plumule length and fresh and dry weight compared to the control in all three test species, with inhibition increasing at higher extract concentrations and longer soaking
Inhalation Toxicity Studies- OECD guidelinesCerin Philip
This document summarizes guidelines for inhalation toxicity studies including acute, subacute, and subchronic toxicity studies. It describes the objectives, principles, procedures, observations, and reporting requirements for these studies. Key aspects covered include selecting animal species and exposure concentrations, monitoring exposure conditions, conducting traditional and CxT exposure protocols, observing animals for signs of toxicity, and reporting study results including toxicity estimates. The purpose of these studies is to evaluate the toxic effects of inhaled substances over different exposure durations.
Biology - Chp 1 - Biology The Study Of Life - PowerPointMr. Walajtys
Biologists study the characteristics of living things through scientific methods like observation, hypothesis formation, experimentation, analysis of data, and reporting of results. The key characteristics include organization, reproduction, growth and development, response to stimuli, homeostasis, and adaptation and evolution over time. Biology seeks to understand life through both qualitative and quantitative study using standardized metric units and consideration of societal impacts and ethics. While science does not answer all questions, it can further our understanding of the natural world.
Similar to Experiment 1 scientific investigations in plants (20)
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
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Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
2. INTRODUCTION
Plant Physiology
study of how plant life exists
requires observation, asking questions and proposing
explanations
Scientific Investigations
-way of testing explanation about plant phenomena
- similar to scientific method
Plant Physiologists
- ask questions, make observations, develop explanatory
hypotheses and test those hypotheses
3. ASKING QUESTIONS
Why ask?
Requires well-defined and measurable
phenomenon
Elements must be measurable and controllable
4. ASKING QUESTIONS
Does exposure to ultraviolet radiation cause
increased risk of skin cancer?
Will eating cassava cause poisoning by demons?
Does good nutrition lead to increased intelligence
Why do cacti have spines?
Was the malignant tumor found in the lungs of a 70-
year-old man caused by his 45-year habit of
smoking cigarettes?
Is it true that Plant Physiology students are all
pretty and handsome?
Does overwatering plants cause death of plants?
5. ASKING QUESTIONS
Do plants have feelings too?
Will I get a grade of 1.00 in Plant Physiology?
Are all plants photosynthetic?
8. HYPOTHESIS
Experiments are designed to falsify the hypothesis
by producing evidence to disprove it.
If the evidence that is gathered does support the
hypothesis, the hypothesis is accepted but only on
a trial basis.
It is never accepted as absolute truth because
future investigations may still falsify the hypothesis.
9. HYPOTHESIS
Must be stated in a way that is can be easily
measured and must be constructed in a way that
will help in answering the question
10. B. DEVELOPING HYPOTHESIS
B1. Write a hypothesis for the following questions:
1. Why are there so many trees in the tropical
rainforests of the Philippines?
-> There are many trees due to sufficient sunlight
and abundant rainfall.
11. 2. What is the function of the tendril of ampalaya?
-> The tendril functions as a support for the plant as it
climbs along the substrate.
3. What is the effect of fertilizer on a lettuce patch?
-> Fertilizer improves the growth and the productiveness
on a lettuce patch.
12. 4. How does lahar soil affect plant growth?
-> Lahar soil increases plant growth.
5. Why is organic fertilizer better for plants?
-> Organic fertilizer provides less toxic chemicals than
inorganic fertilizers.
13. DEVELOPING HYPOTHESIS
B2. Which of the following would be useful as a
scientific hypothesis? If yes, give the reason by
stating whether it could possibly be falsified and
what factors are measurable and controllable.
14. 1. Garlic can be used against snake bites.
-> Yes. Garlic has been used through ages and is also
known as remedy for snake bites.
-> The biochemical composition of garlic may be
studied in order to know the efficacy of the remedy on
snake bites.
-> The control variable would be the amount of remedy
to be applied on the affected area of the body.
15. 2. Tetanus is caused by stepping on rusty nails.
-> Yes. It can be falsified by hospital records whether
tetanus is only caused by rusty nails.
3. Parasitic plants are evolutionarily more advanced than
non-parasitic plants.
-> Yes. It can be verified and better understood through
plant systematics.
16. 4. Drinking beer can improve one’s memory.
-> Yes. A standard test can be given to two groups
– one which will be given beer to drink and another
group without beer. This set-up can be used to
support or falsify the hypothesis.
17. 5. Bio 121 students are better gardeners than non-Bio
121 students.
-> No. The definition of “better gardeners” is vague.
Again, the hypothesis is subjective.
20. DETERMINING THE VARIABLES
Scientific experiment
composed of variables, and a procedure to test them.
Defining variables
greatly dependent on the question and hypotheses
formulated at the start of a scientific investigation.
the goal of an experiment is to provide clear evidence
to falsify or support a particular explanation.
21. TYPES OF VARIABLES
Independent Variable
one assumed to cause a particular phenomenon
Dependent Variable
is the effect of the said phenomenon
Controlled Variable
is regulated to determine if the independent variable is
the true cause of a phenomenon
22. METHODOLOGY
Identify the variables in preceding investigation.
Classify whether it is independent, dependent or
controlled variable.
Only 1 independent variable is usually chosen
Consider alternative independent variable
23. INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF SULFUR DIOXIDE ON
SOYBEAN PRODUCTION
Agricultural scientists were concerned about the effect of air
pollution, sulfur dioxide in particular, on soybean production in fields
adjacent to coal-powered power plants. Based on initial
investigations, they proposed the sulfur dioxide in high concentrations
would reduce reproduction in soybeans. They designed an
experiment to test this hypothesis. In this experiment, 48 soybean
plants, just beginning to produce flowers, were divided into two
groups of 6. One group of 6 treated plants were placed in a fumigation
chamber and exposed to 0.6 ppm of sulfur dioxide for 4 hours to
stimulate sulfur dioxide emissions from a power plant. The experiment
was repeated on the remaining three treated groups. The no
treatment plants were placed similarly in groups of 6 in a second
fumigation chamber and simultaneous exposed to filtered air for 4
hours. Following the experiment all plants were returned to the
greenhouse. When the plants matured, the number of bean pods,
number of seeds per pod and the weight of the pods were determined
24. Agricultural scientists were concerned about the effect of air
pollution, sulfur dioxide in particular, on soybean production in
fields adjacent to coal-powered power plants. Based on initial
investigations, they proposed the sulfur dioxide in high
concentrations would reduce reproduction in soybeans. They
designed an experiment to test this hypothesis. In this experiment,
48 soybean plants, just beginning to produce flowers, were divided
into two groups of 6. One group of 6 treated plants were placed in
a fumigation chamber and exposed to 0.6ppm of sulfur dioxide for
4 hours to stimulate sulfur dioxide emissions from a power plant.
The experiment was repeated on the remaining three treated
groups. The no treatment plants were placed similarly in groups of
6 in a second fumigation chamber and simultaneous exposed to
filtered air for 4 hours. Following the experiment all plants were
returned to the greenhouse. When the plants matured, the number
of bean pods, number of seeds per pod and the weight of the pods
were determined for each plant.
25. VARIABLES
Duration of exposure
Selected age of soybeans
Kind of gas exposed
Number of seeds per pod
Weight of the pods
27. INDEPENDENT VARIABLE
Different gases exposed to the set-ups.
It is important to have only one independent variable in
order to have consistency when testing for only one
possible predicted result.
Duration of gas exposure
Age of the soybeans
28. CONTROLLED VARIABLE
Duration of gas exposure
Same age of all soybeans
Same kind of fumigation chamber
30. CHOOSING OR DESIGNING THE PROCEDURE
Once the variables have been decided upon
designing of the procedure takes place.
The procedure should be written in such a way as
to make the experiment repeatable.
Proper designing of procedures is crucial to the
credibility of your work
in order to perform the experiment and obtain the results
consistently for the conclusions to be considered a worthy
contribution to the body of knowledge that is science.
31. Procedure must contain all the steps that have
undertaken in the experimentation, including any
modifications to the original procedure, control
treatments, levels of treatments and number of
replications (Evangelista, 2009)
32. METHODOLOGY
Enumerate the step by step activities of the experiment in
soybean production.
33. Count the
Place one Repeat number of
group in with 3 seeds and
Divide into 4
SO2 other total
groups of 6
chamber groups weight of
for 4 hours pods
Select 48
soybeans Divide into
with 2 groups
approx. of 24
same age
Place one Count the
Divide into Repeat number of
group in
4 groups of with 3 seeds and
filtered air
6 other total weight
chamber
groups of pods
for 4 hours
34. There are two main components of the procedure:
two manipulated variables (SO2 and natural air) and
each component having 4 replicates.
37. EXAMPLE
We can predict that, after the results of the soybean
experiment
if ever the SO2 concentration was doubled, the decrease in
the overall yield could be doubled as well.
One may choose to perform another experiment based on
these predictions, in order to form better conclusions about a
particular phenomenon.
38. Thus predictions are important as they bring us closer to
a better understanding of the natural world (Made
Simple, Inc., n.d.).
39. MAKING PREDICTIONS
If the hypothesis is true, the result would be the
high SO2 concentrations do reduce reproduction of
soybeans.
42. TABLES
Tabulation
A compact and orderly manner of presenting
information
Can readily point out trends, comparisons or
interrelationships
43. TABLES
Guiding principles in table construction:
Simplicity clean and uncluttered
Directness only necessary information
Clarity jive with textual discussion
44. TABLES
Essential parts of a table:
Table number
Title
Column headings
Row headings or stubs
Body with data
Footnotes (if applicable)
Sources of data (if applicable)
46. GRAPHS OR FIGURES
1. Bar graph
qualitative or
quantitative discrete
for comparisons of absolute or relative
counts, rates or proportions between
categories of a qualitative or
a quantitative discrete variable
47. GRAPHS OR FIGURES
2. Pie chart
qualitative
shows the breakdown of a group or total
where the number of categories is
not too many
48. GRAPHS OR FIGURES
3. Component bar diagram
qualitative
same as pie chart except that it can
be used to compare the breakdown
of categories of more than one group
49. GRAPHS OR FIGURES
4. Histogram
quantitative continuous
graphic representation of the
frequency distribution of
a continuous variable
or measurement including
age groups
50. GRAPHS OR FIGURES
5. Frequency polygon
quantitative
same function as histogram
51. GRAPHS OR FIGURES
6. Line diagram
time series
shows trend data or changes with
time or age (x-axis) with respect
to some other variable
52. GRAPHS OR FIGURES
7. Scatterpoint/scatterplot
quantitative
shows correlations between two
quantitative variables
(whether directly or inversely related)
53. GRAPHS OR FIGURES
In making the graph, remember the following:
a. Use graph paper and ruler to plot the values
accurately
54. GRAPHS OR FIGURES
In making the graph, remember the following:
b. The independent variable is graphed on the x axis
and the dependent variable on the y axis
55. GRAPHS OR FIGURES
In making the graph, remember the following:
c. The numerical range for each axis should be
appropriate for the data being plotted
56. GRAPHS OR FIGURES
In making the graph, remember the following:
d. Label the axes to indicate the variable and the
units of measurement.
57. GRAPHS OR FIGURES
In making the graph, remember the following:
e. Choose the type of graph that best represents your
data.
58. QUESTIONS
1. Given the following data from the soybean
experiment, how do you arrange the following
data (in the manual) from the experiment in a
table?
2. What kind of graph are you going to construct?
59. TABLE 1. SOYBEAN REPRODUCTION EXPERIMENT
Plant No. Control Plant Treatment with SO2
No. of seeds Ave. weight of No. of seeds Ave. weight of
per pod seed (g) per pod seed (g)
1 5 0.42 2 0.21
2 6 0.37 4 0.33
3 4 0.41 4 0.23
4 5 0.36 3 0.35
5 5 0.48 3 0.25
6 6 0.33 3 0.34
7 7 0.44 1 0.21
8 6 0.23 4 0.32
9 5 0.51 5 0.21
10 7 0.47 3 0.38
11 4 0.46 4 0.27
60. TABLE 1. SOYBEAN REPRODUCTION EXPERIMENT
Plant No. Control Plant Treatment with SO2
No. of seeds Ave. weight of No. of seeds Ave. weight of
per pod seed (g) per pod seed (g)
12 5 0.37 3 0.35
13 7 0.53 4 0.22
14 6 0.42 4 0.34
15 5 0.51 4 0.23
16 6 0.39 5 0.35
17 5 0.48 5 0.12
18 5 0.47 5 0.34
19 7 0.52 5 0.22
20 7 0.50 6 0.30
21 6 0.28 2 0.20
22 6 0.39 2 0.30
23 7 0.21 4 0.21
24 7 0.41 3 0.13
61. TABLE 2. NUMBER OF SEEDS PER POD
No. of Plants
No. of seeds per pod Control Treatment
1 - 1
2 - 3
3 - 6
4 2 8
5 8 5
6 7 1
7 7 -
62. TABLE 3. AVERAGE WEIGHT OF SEEDS IN DIFFERENT RANGES OF
WEIGHTS
No. of Plants
Weight (g) Control Treatment
0.10 - 0.14 - 2
0.15 – 0.19 - 0
0.20 – 0.24 2 9
0.25 – 0.29 1 2
0.30 – 0.34 1 7
0.35 – 0.39 5 4
0.40 – 0.44 5 -
0.45 – 0.49 5 -
0.50 – 0.54 5 -
63. 7
6
Ave. seeds per pod 5
4
3
2
1
0
Control Treatment with SO2
Treatment
Figure 1. Comparison on the average number of seeds per
pod between plants under control and treatment with SO2
64. 0.45
0.4
Ave. weight of seed (in grams)
0.35
0.3
0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
Control Treatment with SO2
Treatment
Figure 2. Comparison on the average weight of seed between
plants in the control and treatment with SO2
66. DISCUSSING AND COMMUNICATING RESULTS
Provide interpretation to the results.
State the interpretation’s implications in light of the
hypothesis and its supporting literature.
67. DISCUSSING AND COMMUNICATING RESULTS
Investigators study the given tables and graphs and
determines if the hypothesis is supported or
falsified.
68. DISCUSSING AND COMMUNICATING RESULTS
IF FALSIFIED: Investigators must suggest other
possible alternate hypotheses.
IF SUPPORTED: Investigators must suggest other
experiments and studies that will strengthen the
current hypothesis.
69. DISCUSSING AND COMMUNICATING RESULTS
The results must be communicated to other
scientists.
May be in the form of a laboratory class
presentation or during scientific gatherings.
70. DISCUSSING AND COMMUNICATING RESULTS
Most important: The study is to be presented in the
form of a scientific paper or a journal after
subjecting it to review by different scientists in the
same field of study.
71. DISCUSSING AND COMMUNICATING RESULTS
E1. Using your graphs and tables, analyze your
results and discuss your conclusions with your
group.
-> 1. According to the graph of the number of seeds
per pod, there is higher number of results in the
controlled set-up, while the number of seeds with
SO2 treatment has lower yield. As to the weight of
the seeds, higher values were gathered in the
control as well as lower values were gathered in the
set-up with SO2 treatment. It is therefore concluded
that SO2 decreased the productivity and
development of the seed.
72. DISCUSSING AND COMMUNICATING RESULTS
E2. Critique your experiment. What weaknesses do
you see in the experiment? Suggest improvements.
-> 2. The number of replicates is somehow too
much, but still it gave a meaningful result. The
results somewhat gave overlapping information and
lacks some data. The range of the measurements
is somehow inconsistent.
73. DISCUSSING AND COMMUNICATING RESULTS
E3. Write a summary statement for your
experiment. Use your results to support or falsify
your hypothesis.
-> When the plants were treated with SO2, the
number of seeds per pod decreased as well as the
average weights of the plants. These results
supported the hypothesis which states that SO2 in
high concentrations would reduce reproduction in
soybeans.
74. DISCUSSING AND COMMUNICATING RESULTS
E4. Suggest additional and modified hypotheses
that might be tested.
-> High concentrations of SO2 sometimes do not
decrease the reproduction in soybeans; high
concentrations of SO2 decrease usually the
reproduction in soybeans.
76. CONCLUSION
The essential feature of science that makes it difficult from
other ways of understanding the natural world is the
scientific method.
The scientific method provides a step by step process of
finding explanations behind the different phenomena
observed in the natural world.
It begins by asking a question that is well defined and
testable.
Also, its elements are measurable and controllable.
77. CONCLUSION
After forming a scientific question, one can develop a
hypothesis which is a possible explanation to answer the
scientific question.
For a hypothesis to be scientifically useful, it must be
testable and falsifiable.
In order to test the hypothesis, a scientific experiment must
be designed.
Its components are determining variables, designing
procedure and making predictions.
78. CONCLUSION
Results from the experiment must be summarized
and presented in tables or figures.
Also, these must be interpreted, discussed and
communicated to other scientists.
Hence, this step by step procedure makes certain
that the knowledge obtained cannot be fabricated
because a lot of processes must be undertaken
before conclusion can be done.
Editor's Notes
Thus, as much as possible, you should only have one independent variable in your experiment. Additional independent variables will require more complicated procedures and data analysis, however, if one is willing to put more effort in getting conclusive results, are not prohibited. In fact, any of the controlled variables have the potential to be independent variables. Multiple independent variables, could also give data on combination effects of these variables. For example, while magnitude and length of exposure both might have separate effects on the yield of the soybean plants, they could also produce different results when their treatments are applied together. However, as stated, analysis of effects becomes complicated, requiring greater effort in part of the performers of the experiment (Palmer, M., n.d.). Some of the variables of the sample experiment on soybeans and SO2 have already been stated earlier.
1. duration of exposure; selected age of soybeans; kind of gas exposed 2. the number of seeds per pod; the weight of the pods (both after exposure to gases) 3. The different gases exposed to the set-ups. It is important to have only one independent variable in order to have consistency when testing for only one possible predicted result. 4. duration of gas exposure; age of the soybeans 5. duration of gas exposure; same age of all soybeans; same kind of fumigation chamber
Proper designing of procedures is crucial to the credibility of your workas other scientists should be able to perform your experiment and obtain your results consistently for your conclusions to be considered a worthy contribution to the body of knowledge that is science.
Count the number of seeds and total weight of podsCount the number of seeds and total weight of podsRepeat with 3 other groupsRepeat with 3 other groupsPlace one group in filtered air chamber for 4 hoursPlace one group in SO2 chamber for 4 hoursDivide into 4 groups of 6Divide into 4 groups of 6Divide into 2 groups of 24Select 48 soybeans with approx. same age