The document discusses the evolution of networks towards Next Generation Networks (NGNs) and describes some of the key components of NGN architectures including IP services, control plane architectures, VoIP, mobility support, QoS, IPv6 migration, and potential local and core network topologies. Reference network architectures are presented for traditional IP networks and the introduction of NGN services in circuit-switched and packet-switched domains.

1. synergies between IP, mobile
and telephony networks
evolution towards NGN
AJAL.A.J
Assistant Professor –Dept of ECE,
Federal Institute of Science And Technology (FISAT) TM
MAIL: ec2reach@gmail.com

2. Target NGN
• IP services and network current state,
• control plane architecture,
• VoIP,
• Mobility and nomadism ,
• QoS support,
• IPv6 migration,

3. Network topography & terminology
NA
Concentrating Local switching Long haul switching
Multiplexing or forwarding or forwarding
Access Edge Core
Local

4. POSSIBLE LOCAL AND CORE NGNS
Access
services APF
Management
residential,
SME
Services SPF
Management
Local NGN Core NGN
IAD Resources
xDSL, OF RPF RPF
Management
OF Internet
AN
soho NTU ENN CNN
CNN
Border Node
GPRS, UMTS
Network resources
Access
IAP/ISP
IAD Integrated Access Device
AN Access Node
CNN Core Network Node Edge /Core
ENN Edge Network Node
NTU Network Termination Unit
OTN Optical Transport Network
RPF Resources Control Plat-form
SPF Services Control Plat-form
APF Access to the services Plat form logical links

5. Traditional domestic IP network
Access Edge+Core
Call Radius Back
SCP Server Server Office
SG
Customer
SS7
Edge
Router
NAS
POTS
ISDN
Edge Core Border
NAS Router Router Router
GSM Internet
BAS
ADSL
cable
Border
Router
Leased Line
IAP/ISP
BAS: Broadband Access Server
NAS : Network Access Server
SCP: Service Control Point
SG: Signalling Gateway

6. Services
• Two main services are supported:
1. aggregation services that consist in collecting
the traffic of not-always connected users
through Access Servers such as NAS and BAS
and delivering it to IAPs/ISPs,
2. transport services that convey the traffic of
always connected users between sites directly
attached to the IP network and towards
Internet.

7. VoIP (H.323 and SIP) general architecture
Management
SCP/IP Application
SCP
Service Plane server
INAP/IP API
Signaling
gateway Gatekeepers
CCF
or Proxy SIP
SS7
Sigtran
H.323
PSTN
IP
CAA Media gateway SIP

8. Concerning service development,
there are two major possibilities:
1. Using an INAP/IP interface, IN existing
services could be used. It seems to be a
good way in order to offer classical IN
services,
2. Using an API or proprietary protocols,
application server could be used in order
to develop new multimedia services.

9. NGN introduction in CS and PS
domains – post R5 architecture.
Application Application servers (WAP, MExE , … )
SCP
SCP AP
AP AP
AP AP
AP AP
AP
CAP CAP CAP
Mh
R-SGW
R-SGW
Cx Ms
HSS
HSS CSCF
CSCF
Gc Mm
Network Service EIR
EIR Mg Legacy
and Control D Gr C Gi Signaling
Gf Y MGCF
MGCF
SGSNS
SGSNS GGSNS
GGSNS Network
MSCS
MSCS GMSCS
GMSCS
Nc
Mr Mc
Mc X Mc X
Iu MRF
MRF T-SGW
T-SGW
Gi
Transport Transport
Transport Platform Platform
(MGW, GSN) (MGW, GSN)
Iu
Multimedia
UTRAN
UTRA PSTN IP Network

10. Mobile IP architecture and
principles.
HA
IP Network
NC
DATA
Sub Network Home Sub Network
FA
Register
Visited Sub Network
NM

11. QoS support
• QoS-enabled applications,
• QoS policy management and enforcement,
• QoS control through static, dynamic or
scheduled procedures,
• QoS monitoring at the network and customer
levels,
• per-QoS class accounting and charging,
• inter-domain QoS support,
• QoS economic model between peers.

12. IPv6 migration
• IPv6 supports a number of enhanced features, such as:
1. larger unicast and multicast address space,
2. anycast address,
3. aggregatable addressing for hierarchical routing,
4. host address auto configuration,
5. easy site renumbering,
6. flow identification for QoS support,
7. streamlined packet formats for improved forwarding
performance,
8. multicast support (explicit scope),
9. extension headers used for supplementary capabilities,
10. security providing packet authentication and encryption,
11. mobility improvement through auto configuration, security,
anycast address and destination options.

13. References
1. "A Next generation architecture for the public network " ISS2000
2. TINA-C Network Resource Architecture, version 3.0 – Feb. 1997
3. TIPHON Network Architecture & reference configurations, DTS 02003 v0.0.1 – ETSI – March
1999
4. Multiservice Switching Forum Architecture, MSF99.074 – March 1999
5. Megaco Protocol Proposal Working draft, draft-IETF- megaco-protocol-01.txt – April 1999
6. Draft ITU-T Recommendation Q.BICC, Bearer Independent Call Control protocol definition
7. RFC 2543 SIP : Session Initiation Protocol
8. RFC 3015 Megaco Protocol v1.0
9. RFC 2002 IP mobility Support (for Ipv4)
10. Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); Virtual Home Environment (VHE) in
the Integrated Services Digital Network, Evolved UMTS core network, ETSI EG 201 717.
11. Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); Service aspects; Virtual Home
Environment (VHE), ETSI TR122 970, 3G TR 22.970.
12. Eurescom Project P920, UMTS Network Aspects (
http://www.eurescom.de/public/projects/P900-series/p920/P920.htm
13. RFC 1633 Integrated Services in the Internet Architecture: an Overview
14. RFC 2475: An Architecture for Differentiated Services
15. RFC 3031: Multiprotocol Label Switching Architecture
16. draft-ietf-mpls-diff-te-reqts-00: Requirements for support of Diff-Serv-aware MPLS Traffic
Engineering
17. RFC 1883: Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6)