The document provides an overview of the history and current state of the European Union (EU). It summarizes that the EU consists of 27 member countries and over 500 million people, with origins tracing back to the post-World War 2 period. Key facts about EU membership, enlargement, institutions, economy, currency, policies, and role on the international stage are presented.
International Economic Integration and their Current Practices Part - IDr. Anita Rathod
Economic regional block, European Union, EU's current practices, North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), USMCA/CUSMA, Difference between NAFTA and USMCA, NAFTA's Current Practices
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
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Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
7. The treaties – basis for democratic cooperation built on law 1952 The European Steel and Coal Community 1958 The treaties of Rome: The European Economic Community The European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM) 1987 The European Single Act: the Single Market 1993 Treaty of European Union – Maastricht 1999 Treaty of Amsterdam 2003 Treaty of Nice
8. The Lisbon treaty - taking Europe into the 21st century The Treaty will make the European Union: More efficient Simpler processes, full-time president for the Council, etc. More democratic Stronger role for the European Parliament and national parliaments, "Citizens I nitiative", Charter of Fundamental Rights, etc. More transparent Clarifies who does what, greater public access to documents and meetings, etc. More united o n High Representative for Foreign Policy, etc. the world stage More secure New possibilities to fight climate change and terrorism, secure energy supplies, etc.
9.
10. EU population in the world Population in millions, 200 9 500 1339 128 142 307 EU China Japan Russia United States
11. The area of the EU compared to the rest of the world Surface area, 1 000 km² EU China Japan Russia United States 16 889 9327 9159 4234 365
12. How rich is the EU compared to the rest of the world? EU China Japan Russia United States EU China Japan Russia United States 12 508 1 326 3 329 468 9819 25 100 4 400 27 800 12 200 38 700 Size of economy: 2008 gross domestic product in billion of euros Wealth per person: 2008 gross domestic product per person
13. How big are the EU countries? Surface area in 1 000 km² France Spain Sweden Germany Poland Finland Italy United Kingdom Romania Greece Bulgaria Hungary Portugal Austria Czech Republic Ireland Lithuania Latvia Slovakia Estonia Denmark Netherlands Belgium Slovenia Cyprus Luxemburg Malta 544 506 410 357 313 305 295 244 230 131 111 93 92 83 77 68 63 62 49 43 43 34 30 20 9 3 0.3
14. How many people live in the EU? Population in millions, 2009 500 million total 82.1 64.4 61.6 60.1 45.8 38.1 21.5 16.5 11.3 10.6 10.8 10.5 10.0 9.3 8.4 7.6 5.5 5.4 5.3 4. 5 3.3 2.3 2.0 1.3 0.8 0.5 0.4 France Spain Sweden Poland Finland Italy United Kingdom Romania Greece Bulgaria Hungary Portugal Austria Czech Republic Ireland Lithuania Latvia Slovakia Estonia Denmark Netherlands Belgium Slovenia Cyprus Luxemburg Malta Germany
15. GDP per inhabitant: the spread of wealth Lithuania 2008 GDP per inhabitant Index where the average of the 27 EU-countries is 100 271 137 135 123 118 114 122 117 115 116 107 101 103 100 95 94 91 80 76 76 68 63 72 61 56 58 46 40 Luxembourg Ireland Netherlands Austria Denmark Belgium Sweden Finland Germany France Italy Spain EU-27 Cyprus Greece Slovenia Malta Portugal Estonia Hungary Slovakia Latvia Poland Romania Bulgaria United Kingdom Czech Republic
16. How does the EU spend its money? 2011 EU budget: €141.9 billion = 1.13% of gross national income Citizens, freedom, security and justice 1% Other, administration 6% Sustainable growth: jobs, competitiveness, regional development 46% The EU as a global player: including development aid 6% Natural resources: agriculture, environment 41%
17. Climate change – a global challenge To stop global warming, EU leaders decided in 2007 to: reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 20% by 2020 (30% if other developed countries do likewise) improve energy efficiency by 20% by 2020 raise the share of renewable energy to 20% by 2020 (wind, solar, hydro power, biomass)
18. Energy sources in a changing world Fuel used in EU in 2008, as share of total Oil 36% Gas 25% Nuclear 13% Coal 18% Renewables 8% 45% 84% 60% 100% 54% Oil Coal Gas Nuclear (uranium) Renewables All types of fuel 0% Share of fuel imported from outside the EU in 2008
19.
20. Research - investing in the knowledge society Spending on research and development in 2006 (% of GDP) 1.8% 3.0% 1.3% 2.6% 3.4% EU EU objective China Japan United States
21.
22. The euro – a single currency for Europeans EU countries using the euro EU countries not using the euro Can be used everywhere in the euro area Coins: one side with national symbols, one side common Notes: no national side
23. Beating inflation European Economic and Monetary Union: stable prices Average annual inflation in the 15 EU-countries that used the euro in 2008
30. The EU – a major trading power Share of world trade in goods (2007) Share of world trade in services (2007) Others 53.2% EU 17% United States 14.5% Japan 5.8% China 9.5% Others 40.6% EU 28.5% United States 18.2% Japan 6.8% China 5.9%
31. The EU is the biggest provider of development aid in the world Official development assistance per citizen, 2007 93€ 44€ 53€ EU Japan United States The EU provides 60% of all development aid
32. Three key players The European Parliament - voice of the people Jerzy Buzek, President of of the European Parliament The council of Ministers - voice of the Member States Herman Van Rompuy, President of the European Council The European Commission - promoting the common interest José Manuel Barroso, President of the European Commission
33. European Parliament The EU institutions Court of Justice Court of Auditors Economic and Social Committee Committee of the Regions Council of Ministers (Council of the EU) European Commission European Investment Bank European Central Bank Agencies European Council (summit)
34. How EU laws are made Citizens, interest groups, experts: discuss, consult Commission: makes formal proposal Parliament and Council of Ministers: decide jointly Commission and Court of Justice: monitor implementation National or local authorities: implement
35. The European Parliament – voice of the people Decides EU laws and budget together with Council of Ministers Democratic supervision of all the EU’s work Number of members elected in each country (January 2010) United Kingdom 12 22 72 72 13 Italy Ireland 22 Hungary Greece 99 Germany France Finland 6 Estonia 13 Denmark 22 Czech Republic 6 Cyprus 17 Bulgaria 22 Belgium 17 Austria Total 73 6 72 18 Sweden 50 Spain 7 Slovenia 13 Slovakia 33 Romania 22 Portugal 50 Poland 2 5 Netherlands 5 Malta 6 Luxembourg 12 Lithuania 8 Latvia
36. The European political parties Greens/European Free Alliance 55 European Conservatives and Reformists 54 Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe 84 European People’s Party (Christian Democrats) 265 Non-attached members 27 Total : 736 Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats 184 European United Left - Nordic Green Left 35 Europe of Freedom and Democracy 32 Number of seats in the European Parliament per political group (January 2010)
37. Council of Ministers – voice of the member states One minister from each EU country Presidency: rotates every six months Decides EU laws and budget together with Parliament Manages the common foreign and security policy
38. Council of Ministers – number of votes per country 345 Total : 3 Malta 4 Estonia, Cyprus, Latvia, Luxembourg and Slovenia 7 Denmark, Ireland, Lithuania, Slovakia and Finland 10 Austria, Bulgaria and Sweden 12 Belgium, Czech Republic, Greece, Hungary and Portugal 13 Netherlands 14 Romania 27 Spain and Poland 29 Germany, France, Italy and the United Kingdom “ Qualified majority” needed for many decisions: 255 votes and a majority of member states From 2014: 55% of the Member States with 65% of the population
39. Summit at the European Council Summit of heads of state and government of all EU countries Held at least 4 times a year Sets the overall guidelines for EU policies President: Herman Van Rompuy
40. A high representative for foreign affairs and security Catherine Ashton Double hat: chairs the Foreign Affairs Council meetings + Vice-president of the European Commission Manages the common foreign and security policy Head of European External Action Service
41. The European Commission – promoting the common interest 27 independent members, one from each EU country Proposes new legislation Executive organ Guardian of the treaties Represents the EU on the international stage
42. The Court of Justice – upholding the law 27 independent judges, one from each EU country Rules on how to interpret EU law Ensures EU countries apply EU laws in the same way
43. The European Court of Auditors: getting value for your money 27 independent members Checks that EU funds are used properly Can audit any person or organisation dealing with EU funds
44. Ensures price stability Controls money supply and decides interest rates Works independently from governments The European Central Bank: managing the euro Jean-Claude Trichet President of the Central Bank
45. The European Economic and Social Committee: voice of civil society 344 members Represents trade unions, employers, farmers, consumers etc Advises on new EU laws and policies Promotes the involvement of civil society in EU matters
46. The Committee of the Regions: voice of local government 344 members Represents cities, regions Advises on new EU laws and policies Promotes the involvement of local government in EU matters
47. Civil servants working for the EU Permanent civil servants Selected by open competitions Come from all EU countries Salaries decided by law EU administration costs €15 per EU citizen per year Commission employs about 23 000 permanent civil servants and 11 000 temporary or contract workers Other EU institutions: about 10 000 employed