This document discusses ethnic groups in the Philippines. It defines ethnic groups as having a common territory, cultural heritage, language, and ancestry. During the Spanish period, ethnic groups were categorized as Christian, non-Christian, or Muslim. Major ethnolinguistic groups in the Philippines include Ilocano, Tagalog, Cebuano, and others. Cultural minorities live in coastal, lowland or riverine areas and retained indigenous cultures, while majorities adopted blending of Spanish, American and native cultures. The document lists various indigenous ethnic minority groups living in upland areas of Luzon, Mindoro, Palawan and throughout the archipelago. It notes that while tribes enjoy some autonomy, all groups are under Philippine government jurisdiction

2. Ethnic Groups
Groups of people
occupying a common
territory
same cultural heritage
Language of their own
Common ancestry
It implies one’s identity

3. Ethnic Groups
Spanish Colonial Period
– Christians(taught to be more
civilized)
–Non-Christian (continued to
adhered to pagan and animistic
beliefs)
–Muslim (incursion of Islam in the
southern part of the Philippines—
another group known as Filipino
Muslim

4. Ethnic Groups
Concept of ethnic group does not only
refer to cultural minority
Term is also used to refer major
ethnolinguistic groups in the Philippines
-Ilocano, Capampangan
-Cebuano, Pangasinense
-Bikolano, Hiligaynon
-Tagalog and Samar-Leyte
Cultural minorities ( coastal, lowland and
riverine settings)

5. PHILIPPINE Ethnic Groups
Culture- basis for grouping and
categorization of Filipinos as
majority cultural groups and
minorities
Majority cultural groups have cultural
orientations (blending of Spanish,
American and native cultures)
Minorities retained indigenous
cultures and orientation of the past

6. PHILIPPINE Ethnic Groups
(Minority cultural groups)
Belong to upland people of NORTHERN
LUZON

7. PHILIPPINE Ethnic Groups
(Minority cultural groups)

8. PHILIPPINE Ethnic Groups
(Minority cultural groups)
Muslim Community

9. PHILIPPINE Ethnic Groups
(Minority cultural groups)
Muslim Community

10. PHILIPPINE Ethnic Groups
(Minority cultural groups)
Muslim Community
Tausog,
Maguindanao,
Samal,
Badjao,
Sanggil,
Melebuganon
Bilaan,
Subanon,
Manuvuh,
Tagabili,
Ata,
Bukidnon,
Bagobo, Tagakaolo, Tiruray and
others
Non-Muslims (interior parts
of Mindanao)

11. PHILIPPINE Ethnic Groups
(Minority cultural groups)
Mindoro
Mangyan
Pula
Buhid
Bangon
Hanunoo
Iraya
Alangan
Neuhan
Batangan
Most famous
are Tagbanua
and Batak
Palawan

12. PHILIPPINE Ethnic Groups
(Minority cultural groups)
Most indigenous
groups are the AETAS
-short, black in
complexion with kinky
hair.
They scattered
throughout the
archipelago; the names
given to them vary
depending on
geographical location
Zambales known
as Pinatubo Ayta
Palanan, Isabela
referred to as
Dumagat and Agta
Tanay- called
Remontados ; and
in south they are
Mamanwa

13. Ethnic Groups
Tribe –a social group
sharing the same
characteristics as the
ethnic group and enjoys
political autonomy
No particular group enjoys
political independence—all
groups are under the
jurisdiction of the
Philippine government and
subject to compliance with
the Philippine Constitution
• Ex. Cordillera,
Region IX and XII of
Mindanao have been
enjoying a partial
implementation of
Tripoli Agreement

14. Further Definition of Ethnicity made
by Social Scientists to drop the use
of Race for Ethnicity
1. Ethnicity is a matter of identity
2. Ignored the issue of power and
inequality in addressing and focusing
cultural differences
3. Ethnicity is used to comprehend
culture-based on ethnographic
accounts of preliterate societies