The document discusses the establishment of a new policy development process at the Department of Education (DepEd) in the Philippines as outlined in DepEd Order No. 13, s. 2015. It introduces concepts like evidence-based policy making and establishes mechanisms to support systematic and evidence-informed policy formulation, such as the Basic Education Research Fund. Key elements of DepEd issuances and policies are defined, and the new policy approval process is outlined, from initial proposal through approval and implementation. Rapid policy analysis is identified as an important part of reviewing proposed policies to ensure completeness, adherence to process, and identification of issues prior to approval.

1. 2015 (Establishing a Policy Development
Process at DepED)

2. Policy review towards achieving
education outcomes
ACCESS
QUALITY
GOOD
GOVERNANCE
Policy Instruments
POLICY REVIEW
(Input)
DepEd
POLICY REGIME
(Output)
EDUCATION
OUTCOMES
Diffused
policies
Ad hoc
formulation/
adoption
Policy
Gaps
Specific issuances
Classification
Manual/Compendium
No policy
De facto policies
Incomplete, unclear or
conflicting policies
Policy Framework
Policy process
Formulation – style guide
Clearing house - Board sub-
committee

3. The New Policy
DepEd Order No. 13, s. 2015
Issued on April 13, 2015
“Establishment of a Policy Development
process at the Department of Education”
Evidence-Based Policy Making

4. POLICY
DEVELOPMENT
PROCESS
Department Order
No. 13, series of
2015
- systematic
development
process
- explicitly
promotes evidence-
based policy
formulation
The New Policy

5. Evidence-Based Policy Making
An approach that ‘helps people make well
informed decisions about policies,
programmes and projects by putting the best
available evidence from research at the
heart of policy development and
implementation’ (Davies, 2004: 3).

6. BASIC EDUCATION
RESEARCH FUND
(BERF)
Department Order
No. 43, series of
2015
Supports
evidence-based
policy formulation

7. DECISIONS/
POLICIES/
THRUSTS SUPPORT OFFICES SUPPORT SERVICES CORE SERVICES OUTCOMES
AS
DRRMS
LS
PAS
BHROD
ICTS
NEAP
PMS
OPS
FMS
PS
BEA
BCD
BLD
BLSS
Training
Standards
HR
Standards
Teacher
Welfare
Training
Standards
M & E
Cash Sched
Research &
Studies
Hiring
Incentives
Promotions
Service
Standards
Learner
Welfare
Cur. Policy
Cur. Standards
Student Support
Programs
Finance
Standards
Projects
Procurement
BLR
Learning Mats
EAS
Graduates
prepared for
further
education and
world of work
Accessible and
Quality
Education For
All
Effective
Delivery of
Curriculum
Good Public
Perception
Partnerships
Curriculum &
Instruction
Governance &
Operations
Legal and
Legislative
Affaits
Finance and
Administration
Strategic
Management
Attached
Agencies
NM
NCCT
NBDB
PHSA
Coordinating
Councils
LCC
TEC
ECCDC
OFFICE RELATIONSHIPS
Standards
OSEC
IAS
Press Releases,
Media Relations MOU/MOA,
Bilateral
ICT
Standards

8. Role Application, example
Levels Role Application
Central
Office
Formulation of Policy on MTB-MLE
• Conducted Policy Analysis
• Undertook consultations
Regional
Office
Contextualization of the policy:
• Conducted language mapping
• Engaged orthographer to write the spoken language
• Conducted capacity building
• Quality Assured implementation of policy
Division
Office
Implementation of the policy:
• Formulated implementation Plan
• Trained teachers in both content and pedagogy
• Monitor implementation
School Implemented the policy in the classroom

9. Policy Approval Process
(for DepEd Order)
DepEd implements
the new policy
PRD conducts review
and rapid policy
analysis
Proponent conducts
consultation with
relevant offices
PRD endorses the
proposed policy
issuance to EXECOM
for Deliberation
EXECOM en banc
deliberates on the
proposed policy
issuance
Secretary of
Education approves
the policy issuance
PAS-PD assigns
appropriate number
publishes the newly
approved policy
Implementing Office
collaboration with PRD
conducts periodic M&E
No
Yes
Preparation
Implementation
and
M&E
Approval
Pass
Proponent defines
the policy
issue/problem
No
Yes
Approved?
Returns the draft policy issuance with
comments and recommendation to the
proponent for revision
Proponent writes the
proposed policy issuance
and submits to PRD
with complete CSW
Implementing Office and PRD
submits periodic reports on
the progress of policy
implementation

10. DepEd Issuances
DEPED
ISSUANCES
CONTENT EFFECT DURATION SCOPE/SCALE ISSUING
AUTHORITY
DEPED
ORDERS (DO)
Establish DepEd policies
May contain accompanying
procedures for policy
implementation
Mandate or constrain
actions or behavior
among DepEd
stakeholders
Create rights and
obligations in
furtherance of
DepEd’s mandate
Usually long-
term/ permanent
in nature, unless
rescinded or
amended by
another
DO
Usually concern
DepEd-wide
issues
Usually DepEd-
wide or national
in application
From Central
Office, issued
and signed by
the Secretary as
the alter ego of
the President
DEPED
MEMORANDA
(DM)
Disseminate instructions,
information, or related matters,
including creation of committees
or task force; submission of lists
or reports; announcement of
celebrations, surveys, holidays,
examinations, contests, or
results thereof, and conference
or seminars and reiteration of
regulations or laws issued by
other agencies or departments.
May provide for detailed
procedures to implement
established laws or policies of
the DepEd or other agencies of
government
May mandate or
constrain actions or
behavior among
DepEd stakeholders
May create rights and
obligations in
furtherance of
DepEd’s mandate
Usually short-
term/ temporary
in application
May refer to
DepEd-wide
matters or more
specific concerns
May be DepEd-
wide or specific
in application
From Central
Office, issued
and signed by
the Secretary or
the concerned
Undersecretary

11. DEPED
ISSUANCES
CONTENT EFFECT DURATION SCOPE/SCALE ISSUING
AUTHORITY
OFFICE
ORDERS
Contain operational guidelines,
rules, and procedures on
matters of internal
administration of the
Department’s bureaus,
centers, units or offices. It also
includes notices of human
resource actions or decisions
May mandate or
constrain actions or
behavior among DepEd
Central Office personnel
May create rights and
obligations in furtherance
of DepEd’s mandate
Usually short-
term/ temporary in
application
Usually refer to
concerns limited to
a bureau or unit in
the Central Office
Not DepEd-wide in
application; applies
to limited officials
and staff of the
DepEd Central
Office
Issued and signed
by the Secretary
or the concerned
Undersecretary,
Assistant
Secretaries,
heads of bureaus,
services or offices
OFFICE
MEMORANDA
Dissemination of instruction,
information, or related matters
May mandate or
constrain actions or
behavior among DepEd
stakeholders
May create rights and
obligations in furtherance
of DepEd’s mandate
Usually short-
term/ temporary in
application
Usually refer to
concerns limited to
a bureau or unit in
the Central Office
Not DepEd-wide in
application; applies
to limited officials
and staff of the
DepEd Central
Office
Issued and signed
by the Secretary
or the concerned
Undersecretary,
Assistant
Secretaries,
heads of bureaus,
services or offices
ADVISORIES
Announce the conduct of
programs, projects or activities
requested by local, national and
international partner
companies, associations,
organizations, institutions or
agencies external to DepEd,
referred to in DepEd Order No.
8, series of 2013
Do not create rights and
obligations
Short-
term/temporary
May be DepEd-
wide or specific in
application
Issued in
accordance with
the procedures of
DepEd Order No.
8, series of 2013

12. Basic Contents of the Policy Guidelines
STRUCTURE CONTENTS
I. Rationale Brief background of the issue to be addressed
Reason/s behind the creation of the policy
Purpose of the policy
II. Scope Coverage of the policy which may be in terms of subject matter,
stakeholders affected or jurisdiction
III. Definition of Terms Meaning of terms as used in the policy, especially if terms are frequently
used and are unclear to readers
IV. Policy Statement Principles, rules or standards that the Order seeks to uphold
V. Procedures Steps or instructions, systems or mechanisms for implementing the policy
Actors and their roles and responsibilities, timetables (if applicable)
VI. Monitoring and
Evaluation
Mechanisms, time frame and other provisions for progress monitoring
and policy evaluation
VII. References Related and relevant DepEd issuances used as reference for further policy
research
VIII.
Effectivity/Transitory
provision
Date/period of application including interim measures

13. 13 Elements of a DepEd Order
The 13 elements of a DepEd Order (DO)
containing policy are the following:
1. The letterhead includes the DepEd
official seal together with the agency
name in Old English Text MT;
2. Official Date (Date signed by the
Secretary or his/her authorized official);
3. Control Number with the series (s.) of
year disseminated;
4. Concerned officials, policy proponent
and implementers, and stakeholders;
5. Statement of the policy;
6. Objectives of issuing the policy;
7. Statement on repealing, rescinding, or
modifying previous provisions
contained in the previously approved
DO;
8. Statement of publication and
effectivity;
9. Closing statement for strict compliance
of all concernedto the stated policy;
10.Issuing authority with signature affixed
to DO;
11.Statement of enclosure;
12.Related and repealedprevious issuances
used as references; and
13.Classification in perpetual index for
easy reference and research.

14. Rapid Policy Analysis
Upon Receipt of draft policy
issuance, check if the required
annexes are complete and all the
required forms are substantially
accomplished
If incomplete, immediately
return the documents to the
proponents with detailed
notes and observation.
If complete, check the policy
proposal summary and check if
each required elements are
properly accomplished.
Focus on the main problem being
address by the proposed policy.
Check if the problem is evident or
if there are existing policies that
addresses directly and indirectly
the stated problem.
Check if the proposed policy is
appropriately prepared, check
if pre-requisite activities like
consultation was undertaken.
Note all observations on
substance, language and style
and include it in the detailed
feedback to the proponent.
If the proposed policy is well
written and needs no revision,
endorse the documents to PD-PAS
for styling and language review.
Once returned by PD-PS, prepare
the endorsement letter to
ExeCom for approval.
If incomplete, requiring
revision, does not follow the
basic steps, and other
observations, return the policy
proposal to the proponent
detailing the observations,
suggestions and
recommendations
Do an in-depth policy research
to substantiate the
observations. Wait for the
proponent to re-submit the
policy proposal, make follow ups
when necessary.
Completeness
Substance
Recommendatio
n

15. Steps in Policy Analysis
Identification and
verification of the
problem
Identification of criteria
for an appropriate policy
that will address the
identified problem
Identification of policy
options
Implementation,
monitoring and
evaluation of the
recommended policy
Identification of
recommended policy
Comparing and
contrasting the policy
options.

16. Emerging policy Agenda
Curriculum & Instruction
Learning Environment
Governance, Ops &
Admin
Human Resource Mgt &
Dev’t
Finance
• Instruction and Pedagogy
• Assessment
• Learning Materials
• Establishment , renaming, merging of schools
• Service Standards
• School-Based Management
• Recruitment, selection, hiring and promotion
• Performance Management and incentives
• Career and Professional Development of employees
• School Facilities
• School Sites
• Community environment
• Fiscal administration
• Budget allocation, expenditures
• Salaries, allowances, benefits of teachers and personnel
Policy Area Initial Policy Agenda

17. Here is an overview of the
policy formulation and
implementation process in
the DepEd:
OPS-PPD

18. Policy Formulation
• Needs Assessment:
– Identify the educational needs and challenges
through research, data analysis, and consultations
with stakeholders, including teachers, parents,
students, and educational experts.
• Policy Development:
– Formulate policies based on the identified needs
and challenges. This involves creating a draft
policy document that includes objectives,
strategies, and guidelines.
OPS-PPD

19. Policy Formulation
• Consultation and Stakeholder Involvement:
– Conduct consultations with various stakeholders, such as
teachers' associations, parents' groups, and educational
experts, to gather feedback and input on the proposed
policies.
• Legal Review:
– Ensure that the proposed policies align with existing laws
and regulations. Legal experts review the draft policy to
ensure its legality and compliance.
• Policy Approval:
– Submit the finalized policy proposal to higher authorities
within the DepEd or relevant government bodies for
approval. This may involve review and approval at different
levels.
OPS-PPD

20. Policy Implementation:
• Communication and Training:
– Communicate the new policies to all relevant
stakeholders, including teachers, school
administrators, and regional offices. Develop
training programs to ensure understanding and
effective implementation.
• Resource Allocation:
– Allocate resources, including budgetary funds,
personnel, and materials, to support the
implementation of the policies. This may involve
collaboration with other government agencies and
stakeholders. OPS-PPD

21. Policy Implementation:
• Adaptation and Revision:
– Based on monitoring and evaluation results, be
prepared to adapt and revise policies as needed.
This may involve addressing unforeseen
challenges, updating strategies, or making
improvements based on feedback.
• Capacity Building:
– Provide continuous support and capacity-building
programs to ensure that educators and
administrators are well-equipped to implement
the policies effectively.
OPS-PPD

22. Policy Implementation:
• Feedback Mechanism:
– Establish a feedback mechanism that allows teachers, school
administrators, and other stakeholders to provide input and report
challenges encountered during policy implementation.
• Coordination with Local Government Units (LGUs):
– Collaborate with LGUs to ensure effective coordination between
national policies and local contexts. Local implementation may require
adjustments to meet the specific needs of different regions.
• Public Awareness:
– Promote awareness of the new policies among the general public,
emphasizing the importance of education and the positive impact of
the implemented changes.
OPS-PPD

23. The success of policy formulation and
implementation in the DepEd relies on
collaboration, effective communication, and
a continuous feedback loop to address
challenges and improve educational
outcomes. Regular reviews and updates to
policies are essential to ensure that they
remain relevant and effective in addressing
the evolving needs of the education sector.

24. “What is important is to keep
learning, to enjoy challenge, and
to tolerate ambiguity. In the end,
there are no certain answers.”
Martina Horner