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01 Policy Development Process.ppt
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- 2. Context & Rationale •RA 9155 (Governance of Basic Education Act) • DO 13, s. 2015 (Establishing a Policy Development Process at DepED) • DO 43, s. 2015 (Revised Guidelines for the BERF)
- 3. Context & Rationale •RA 9155 (Governance of Basic Education Act) Chapter 1, Section 7 (5) “DepEd is mandated to undertake national educational research and studies”
- 4. Context & Rationale oDepEd Order 100, s. 1998 “Setting of Guidelines on the Grant of Incentives for Promotion Purposes for DECS Personnel Involved in DECS Research and Development (R&D) Programs / Projects • Department Orders
- 5. • Department Orders Context& Rationale o DepEd Order 65, series 2003 “Institutionalizing Research Based Decision, and Policy-Making in the Department” > Creation of the Research, Innovation and Policy Evaluation Secretariat (RIPES)
- 6. o DepEd OrderNo. 24, March 8, 2010 “Basic Education Research Fund” Objective: To finance the conduct of education- related research. Context & Rationale • Department Orders
- 7. OPS-PPD Context & Rationale oDO 43, s. 2015 (Revised Guidelines for the BERF) • Department Orders
- 8. Objectives • To ensurethat participants are familiar with the provisions of DO 43, s. 2015; • To orient the Region and Division Research Committees on their roles as research and fund managers; • To capacitate participants on research, ethics in research, and the use of research findings in policy formulation. OPS-PPD
- 9. Policy review towardsachieving education outcomes ACCESS QUALITY GOOD GOVERNANCE Policy Instruments POLICY REVIEW (Input) DepEd POLICY REGIME (Output) EDUCATION OUTCOMES Diffused policies Ad hoc formulation/ adoption Policy Gaps Specific issuances Classification Manual/Compendium No policy De facto policies Incomplete, unclear or conflicting policies Policy Framework Policy process Formulation – style guide Clearing house - Board sub- committee
- 10. The New Policy DepEdOrder No. 13, s. 2015 Issued on April 13, 2015 “Establishment of a Policy Development process at the Department of Education” Evidence-Based Policy Making
- 11. POLICY DEVELOPMENT PROCESS Department Order No. 13,series of 2015 - systematic development process - explicitly promotes evidence- based policy formulation The New Policy
- 12. Evidence-Based Policy Making Anapproach that ‘helps people make well informed decisions about policies, programmes and projects by putting the best available evidence from research at the heart of policy development and implementation’ (Davies, 2004: 3).
- 13. BASIC EDUCATION RESEARCH FUND (BERF) DepartmentOrder No. 43, series of 2015 Supports evidence-based policy formulation
- 14. Dynamics of Evidence-basedPolicy Opinion-Based Policy Evidence-Based Policy Increasing pressure (Time) Source: Adapted from Gray (1997)
- 15. Factors influencing policymakingin Government Evidence Expertise & Experience Judgement Resources Values Habits and Tradition Lobbyist & pressure groups Pragmatics & Contingencies Source: Davies (2004)
- 16. Features of theNew Policy • mechanisms and procedures for the formulation, adoption and review of polices • guide for DepEd CO and its stakeholders in developing and issuing education policies • based on the policy cycle which promotes evidence- based and participatory approach • system for tracking of compliance to policy • system for periodic review of policy implementation • adhere to common style and format • supported by an interactive DepEd Website for easy search and download
- 17. Policy Development Process Repeal ofpolicy Policy amendment Policy amendment Policy continuation Policy continuation Policy continuation Policy continuation AGENDA SETTING POLICY AGENDA Formal or informal Initiated within or outside DepEd POLICY FORMULATION POLICY OPTIONS Proponent unit conducts policy analysis PRD* reviews contents of draft DO ExeCom reviews draft policy PD-PAS** reviews language and style of draft DO POLICY ADOPTION POLICIES Secretary approves/signs DO PD-PAS** assigns number and publishes signed DO Uploads signed DO to the DepEd website based on appropriate category POLICY IMPLEMENTATION POLICY OUTPUTS DepEd implementers undertake activities to carry out policy Proponent unit undertakes progress monitoring PRD undertakes policy compliance monitoring POLICY REVIEW POLICY Proponent unit, in coordination with PRD, conducts policy evaluation *Policy Research and Development Division under the Planning Service (PRD-PS) **Publications Division under the Public Affairs Service (PD-PAS)
- 18. Emerging policy Agenda Governance HumanResource Development Teaching- Learning Child Protection •Planning •Finance •Management •Accountability •Evaluation • Qualifications and hiring • Career development • Incentive structure • Instruction • Assessment • Outcomes •Bullying, harassment and discrimination •Teenage pregnancy •Addiction •Child abuse
- 19. DECISIONS/ POLICIES/ THRUSTS SUPPORT OFFICESSUPPORT SERVICES CORE SERVICES OUTCOMES AS DRRMS LS PAS BHROD ICTS NEAP PMS OPS FMS PS BEA BCD BLD BLSS Training Standards HR Standards Teacher Welfare Training Standards M & E Cash Sched Research & Studies Hiring Incentives Promotions Service Standards Learner Welfare Cur. Policy Cur. Standards Student Support Programs Finance Standards Projects Procurement BLR Learning Mats EAS Graduates prepared for further education and world of work Accessible and Quality Education For All Effective Delivery of Curriculum Good Public Perception Partnerships Curriculum & Instruction Governance & Operations Legal and Legislative Affaits Finance and Administration Strategic Management Attached Agencies NM NCCT NBDB PHSA Coordinating Councils LCC TEC ECCDC OFFICE RELATIONSHIPS Standards OSEC IAS Press Releases, Media Relations MOU/MOA, Bilateral ICT Standards
- 20. Role Application, example LevelsRole Application Central Office Formulation of Policy on MTB-MLE • Conducted Policy Analysis • Undertook consultations Regional Office Contextualization of the policy: • Conducted language mapping • Engaged orthographer to write the spoken language • Conducted capacity building • Quality Assured implementation of policy Division Office Implementation of the policy: • Formulated implementation Plan • Trained teachers in both content and pedagogy • Monitor implementation School Implemented the policy in the classroom
- 21. Policy Approval Process (forDepEd Order) DepEd implements the new policy PRD conducts review and rapid policy analysis Proponent conducts consultation with relevant offices PRD endorses the proposed policy issuance to EXECOM for Deliberation EXECOM en banc deliberates on the proposed policy issuance Secretary of Education approves the policy issuance PAS-PD assigns appropriate number publishes the newly approved policy Implementing Office collaboration with PRD conducts periodic M&E No Yes Preparation Implementation and M&E Approval Pass Proponent defines the policy issue/problem No Yes Approved? Returns the draft policy issuance with comments and recommendation to the proponent for revision Proponent writes the proposed policy issuance and submits to PRD with complete CSW Implementing Office and PRD submits periodic reports on the progress of policy implementation
- 22. DepEd Issuances DEPED ISSUANCES CONTENT EFFECTDURATION SCOPE/SCALE ISSUING AUTHORITY DEPED ORDERS (DO) Establish DepEd policies May contain accompanying procedures for policy implementation Mandate or constrain actions or behavior among DepEd stakeholders Create rights and obligations in furtherance of DepEd’s mandate Usually long- term/ permanent in nature, unless rescinded or amended by another DO Usually concern DepEd-wide issues Usually DepEd- wide or national in application From Central Office, issued and signed by the Secretary as the alter ego of the President DEPED MEMORANDA (DM) Disseminate instructions, information, or related matters, including creation of committees or task force; submission of lists or reports; announcement of celebrations, surveys, holidays, examinations, contests, or results thereof, and conference or seminars and reiteration of regulations or laws issued by other agencies or departments. May provide for detailed procedures to implement established laws or policies of the DepEd or other agencies of government May mandate or constrain actions or behavior among DepEd stakeholders May create rights and obligations in furtherance of DepEd’s mandate Usually short- term/ temporary in application May refer to DepEd-wide matters or more specific concerns May be DepEd- wide or specific in application From Central Office, issued and signed by the Secretary or the concerned Undersecretary
- 23. DEPED ISSUANCES CONTENT EFFECT DURATIONSCOPE/SCALE ISSUING AUTHORITY OFFICE ORDERS Contain operational guidelines, rules, and procedures on matters of internal administration of the Department’s bureaus, centers, units or offices. It also includes notices of human resource actions or decisions May mandate or constrain actions or behavior among DepEd Central Office personnel May create rights and obligations in furtherance of DepEd’s mandate Usually short- term/ temporary in application Usually refer to concerns limited to a bureau or unit in the Central Office Not DepEd-wide in application; applies to limited officials and staff of the DepEd Central Office Issued and signed by the Secretary or the concerned Undersecretary, Assistant Secretaries, heads of bureaus, services or offices OFFICE MEMORANDA Dissemination of instruction, information, or related matters May mandate or constrain actions or behavior among DepEd stakeholders May create rights and obligations in furtherance of DepEd’s mandate Usually short- term/ temporary in application Usually refer to concerns limited to a bureau or unit in the Central Office Not DepEd-wide in application; applies to limited officials and staff of the DepEd Central Office Issued and signed by the Secretary or the concerned Undersecretary, Assistant Secretaries, heads of bureaus, services or offices ADVISORIES Announce the conduct of programs, projects or activities requested by local, national and international partner companies, associations, organizations, institutions or agencies external to DepEd, referred to in DepEd Order No. 8, series of 2013 Do not create rights and obligations Short- term/temporary May be DepEd- wide or specific in application Issued in accordance with the procedures of DepEd Order No. 8, series of 2013
- 24. Basic Contents ofthe Policy Guidelines STRUCTURE CONTENTS I. Rationale Brief background of the issue to be addressed Reason/s behind the creation of the policy Purpose of the policy II. Scope Coverage of the policy which may be in terms of subject matter, stakeholders affected or jurisdiction III. Definition of Terms Meaning of terms as used in the policy, especially if terms are frequently used and are unclear to readers IV. Policy Statement Principles, rules or standards that the Order seeks to uphold V. Procedures Steps or instructions, systems or mechanisms for implementing the policy Actors and their roles and responsibilities, timetables (if applicable) VI. Monitoring and Evaluation Mechanisms, time frame and other provisions for progress monitoring and policy evaluation VII. References Related and relevant DepEd issuances used as reference for further policy research VIII. Effectivity/Transitory provision Date/period of application including interim measures
- 25. 13 Elements ofa DepEd Order The 13 elements of a DepEd Order (DO) containing policy are the following: 1. The letterhead includes the DepEd official seal together with the agency name in Old English Text MT; 2. Official Date (Date signed by the Secretary or his/her authorized official); 3. Control Number with the series (s.) of year disseminated; 4. Concerned officials, policy proponent and implementers, and stakeholders; 5. Statement of the policy; 6. Objectives of issuing the policy; 7. Statement on repealing, rescinding, or modifying previous provisions contained in the previously approved DO; 8. Statement of publication and effectivity; 9. Closing statement for strict compliance of all concernedto the stated policy; 10.Issuing authority with signature affixed to DO; 11.Statement of enclosure; 12.Related and repealedprevious issuances used as references; and 13.Classification in perpetual index for easy reference and research.
- 26. “What is importantis to keep learning, to enjoy challenge, and to tolerate ambiguity. In the end, there are no certain answers.” Martina Horner
- 27. OPS-PPD "I have nospecial talents. I am only passionately curious." Albert Einstein
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- 29. Rapid Policy Analysis UponReceipt of draft policy issuance, check if the required annexes are complete and all the required forms are substantially accomplished If incomplete, immediately return the documents to the proponents with detailed notes and observation. If complete, check the policy proposal summary and check if each required elements are properly accomplished. Focus on the main problem being address by the proposed policy. Check if the problem is evident or if there are existing policies that addresses directly and indirectly the stated problem. Check if the proposed policy is appropriately prepared, check if pre-requisite activities like consultation was undertaken. Note all observations on substance, language and style and include it in the detailed feedback to the proponent. If the proposed policy is well written and needs no revision, endorse the documents to PD-PAS for styling and language review. Once returned by PD-PS, prepare the endorsement letter to ExeCom for approval. If incomplete, requiring revision, does not follow the basic steps, and other observations, return the policy proposal to the proponent detailing the observations, suggestions and recommendations Do an in-depth policy research to substantiate the observations. Wait for the proponent to re-submit the policy proposal, make follow ups when necessary. Completeness Substance Recommendatio n
- 30. Priority Policy Gaps Teacherrecruitment, hiring and selection Provision of crucial resources – school facilities & learning materials Transparency & accountability – school & department level use of resources
- 31. Steps in PolicyAnalysis Identification and verification of the problem Identification of criteria for an appropriate policy that will address the identified problem Identification of policy options Implementation, monitoring and evaluation of the recommended policy Identification of recommended policy Comparing and contrasting the policy options.
- 32. What is Evidence? •Expert knowledge; • Published research; • Existing research; • Stakeholder consultations; • Previous policy evaluations; • The internet; • Outcomes from consultations; • Costings of policy options; • Output from economic and statistical modelling’ Source: Cabinet Office, 1999
- 33. Emerging policy Agenda Curriculum& Instruction Learning Environment Governance, Ops & Admin Human Resource Mgt & Dev’t Finance • Instruction and Pedagogy • Assessment • Learning Materials • Establishment , renaming, merging of schools • Service Standards • School-Based Management • Recruitment, selection, hiring and promotion • Performance Management and incentives • Career and Professional Development of employees • School Facilities • School Sites • Community environment • Fiscal administration • Budget allocation, expenditures • Salaries, allowances, benefits of teachers and personnel Policy Area Initial Policy Agenda
Editor's Notes
- #10 Policy review objective: Provide coherence in deped policies State of deped policies * diffused – many separate issuances 12k+ DMs, 3,700+DOs, uploated * no institutionalized system for formulation * gaps Absence of policy – new policies De facto policies- adopt Incomplete policies- new/additional Unclear policies – new/clarificatory Inconsistent policies – new/clarificatory Output is to develop a deped policy regime that will support the attainment of educ outcomes Policy framework (includes process) – what policies are, rationale, areas Policy process – Procedure/steps on how policy is formulated/draft, adopted (who, when, implemented, monitored and evaluated Identify and address policy gaps – Policy instruments (provide examples) Manual/compendium
- #12 The need for an office in DepEd which will serve as a clearing house for all the policies or DepEd Order that will be issued in the Department. DepEd Order 13 defines the policy development process. Rationalization plan provided the right unit and positions that will manage the research and policy development process in the Department.
- #14 Revisit BERF Policy of 2010
- #19 Curriculum & Instruction - Learning Materials, Instruction and Pedagogy, Assessment Governance, Ops & Admin - Establishment , renaming, merging of schools; Service Standards; School-Based Management Learning Environment - School Facilities; School Sites; Community environment
- #31 Pragmatic – 61K, K+12
- #34 Criteria 1. Follow a uniform format 2. Research and evidence-based -- fair, just, impartial, risk manageable; and risk responsive 3. Relevant and useful 4. Enabling and Empowering 5. Clear and unambiguous with: Objectives & messages Procedure Term and scope of application: long term, general or issue-specific Accountability and responsibility Effectivity 6. Consistent with principles and provisions within the policy, other applicable non-DepEd policies 7. Feasible, attainable 8. Gender and child sensitive 9. Measurable for effective M&E for future policy review / reformulation