The birth of skiing is commonly associated with the Norwegians, with rock carvings dating ski use back to 4000 BC. Skis were used by Norwegian soldiers as early as the Middle Ages. Sondre Norheim in the 19th century is considered the father of modern skiing, developing curved skis and bindings to facilitate new turns. Skiing grew as both a military activity and sport in Norway and other European countries in the late 19th century. The first Olympic Winter Games featuring skiing were held in 1924, and alpine skiing events began at the 1936 Games, cementing skiing's role as a international winter sport. New ski techniques continued to be developed throughout the 20th century.
boris dubrov, dan, dan groover, dennis bacchus, ed grossman, eduard grossman, gendelman, groover, groover dan, illustration, israeli art, jewish artists, jewish gallery, jewish painters, jewish painting, josephus flavius, Joshua Neustein, Judaic Art, judaica art, judaica art michael rozenvain, michael rozenvain, michael rozenvein, noach lubin, noah lubin, religion, theology, travel
Η Αθήνα ως διεθνής τουριστικός προορισμός: Mια εμπειρική μελέτη της εικόνας τ...Spyros Langkos
Παρουσίαση στο 3rd Student Excellence Conference 2015
Η Αθήνα ως διεθνής τουριστικός προορισμός: μια εμπειρική μελέτη της εικόνας της πόλης και του ρόλου των τοπικών «φορέων μάρκετινγκ προορισμού»
Σπύρος Λάνγκος, Mediterranean College Αθήνα - Σχολή Διοίκησης Επιχειρήσεων
http://www.medcollege.edu.gr/en/student-excellence-conference-programma
Προορισμοί σε όλο τον κόσμο σε μεγάλο βαθμό ανταγωνίζονται μεταξύ τους, προκειμένου να διατηρηθεί η ελκυστικότητα και την ανταγωνιστικότητά τους στην παγκόσμια τουριστική βιομηχανία. Για να γίνει αυτό, είναι απαραίτητο για τις αρχές προορισμού να είναι σε θέση να αντιμετωπίσουν τις διαφορετικές ανάγκες των διαφόρων τμημάτων της αγοράς, καθώς και για την εικόνα τους και να διαχειρίζονται τους προορισμούς με τρόπο που προσελκύει τους τουρίστες. Με άλλα λόγια, θα πρέπει να εφαρμόσουν αποτελεσματικά Destination Marketing, ο όρος που αναφέρεται στην προώθηση των τουριστικών προορισμών ως μέσο βελτίωσης της εικόνας και τη δημοτικότητά τους,
Η τουριστική βιομηχανία στην Ελλάδα είναι ένας από τους σημαντικότερους τομείς της οικονομίας που αφορά στη χώρα της αξίας (Ελληνική Στατιστική Αρχή, το 2014). Υπάρχουν πολλές δημόσιες και ιδιωτικές οργανώσεις που εμπλέκονται στην τουριστική βιομηχανία στην Ελλάδα.
6 προσωπικές συνεντεύξεις με στελέχη που εργάζονταν σε 6 διάσημα τοπικά DMOs. τεχνικές δειγματοληψία χωρίς πιθανότητα, τα μέλη του δείγματος επιλέγονται με βάση τη γνώση, τις σχέσεις τους και την εμπειρογνωμοσύνη όσον αφορά ένα θέμα έρευνας
Η ανάλυση περιεχομένου χρησιμοποιείται για την ανάλυση των δεδομένων που συγκεντρώθηκαν από τις προσωπικές συνεντεύξεις.
Environmental Impact of Cruise HolidaysRichard Farr
What is the environmental impact of a cruise holiday? The authors used Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) – a technique more commonly found in manufacturing and engineering – to examine the carbon footprint of a cruise holiday, and compare this to a conventional hotel stay... finding that cruising is the 21st century equivalent of wearing fur: luxurious, but morally questionable!
Presented at “Contemporary Perspectives in Tourism and Hospitality Research: Policy, Practice and Performance” 12-14 July 2015, University of Brighton
Full paper available on ResearchGate: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/280008702_A_Life_Cycle_Assessment_of_the_Environmental_Impact_of_Cruise_Holidays
boris dubrov, dan, dan groover, dennis bacchus, ed grossman, eduard grossman, gendelman, groover, groover dan, illustration, israeli art, jewish artists, jewish gallery, jewish painters, jewish painting, josephus flavius, Joshua Neustein, Judaic Art, judaica art, judaica art michael rozenvain, michael rozenvain, michael rozenvein, noach lubin, noah lubin, religion, theology, travel
Η Αθήνα ως διεθνής τουριστικός προορισμός: Mια εμπειρική μελέτη της εικόνας τ...Spyros Langkos
Παρουσίαση στο 3rd Student Excellence Conference 2015
Η Αθήνα ως διεθνής τουριστικός προορισμός: μια εμπειρική μελέτη της εικόνας της πόλης και του ρόλου των τοπικών «φορέων μάρκετινγκ προορισμού»
Σπύρος Λάνγκος, Mediterranean College Αθήνα - Σχολή Διοίκησης Επιχειρήσεων
http://www.medcollege.edu.gr/en/student-excellence-conference-programma
Προορισμοί σε όλο τον κόσμο σε μεγάλο βαθμό ανταγωνίζονται μεταξύ τους, προκειμένου να διατηρηθεί η ελκυστικότητα και την ανταγωνιστικότητά τους στην παγκόσμια τουριστική βιομηχανία. Για να γίνει αυτό, είναι απαραίτητο για τις αρχές προορισμού να είναι σε θέση να αντιμετωπίσουν τις διαφορετικές ανάγκες των διαφόρων τμημάτων της αγοράς, καθώς και για την εικόνα τους και να διαχειρίζονται τους προορισμούς με τρόπο που προσελκύει τους τουρίστες. Με άλλα λόγια, θα πρέπει να εφαρμόσουν αποτελεσματικά Destination Marketing, ο όρος που αναφέρεται στην προώθηση των τουριστικών προορισμών ως μέσο βελτίωσης της εικόνας και τη δημοτικότητά τους,
Η τουριστική βιομηχανία στην Ελλάδα είναι ένας από τους σημαντικότερους τομείς της οικονομίας που αφορά στη χώρα της αξίας (Ελληνική Στατιστική Αρχή, το 2014). Υπάρχουν πολλές δημόσιες και ιδιωτικές οργανώσεις που εμπλέκονται στην τουριστική βιομηχανία στην Ελλάδα.
6 προσωπικές συνεντεύξεις με στελέχη που εργάζονταν σε 6 διάσημα τοπικά DMOs. τεχνικές δειγματοληψία χωρίς πιθανότητα, τα μέλη του δείγματος επιλέγονται με βάση τη γνώση, τις σχέσεις τους και την εμπειρογνωμοσύνη όσον αφορά ένα θέμα έρευνας
Η ανάλυση περιεχομένου χρησιμοποιείται για την ανάλυση των δεδομένων που συγκεντρώθηκαν από τις προσωπικές συνεντεύξεις.
Environmental Impact of Cruise HolidaysRichard Farr
What is the environmental impact of a cruise holiday? The authors used Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) – a technique more commonly found in manufacturing and engineering – to examine the carbon footprint of a cruise holiday, and compare this to a conventional hotel stay... finding that cruising is the 21st century equivalent of wearing fur: luxurious, but morally questionable!
Presented at “Contemporary Perspectives in Tourism and Hospitality Research: Policy, Practice and Performance” 12-14 July 2015, University of Brighton
Full paper available on ResearchGate: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/280008702_A_Life_Cycle_Assessment_of_the_Environmental_Impact_of_Cruise_Holidays
Sustainable Tourism - Lessons from around the worldAlan Lew
Defines sustainable tourism from ecosystem, geographic scales, and time horizon perspectives. Explores the diversity of ways that Sustainable Tourism is created around the world.
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The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
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The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
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2. The „Bøla Man‟ the „Rødøy Man‟
The birth of skiing is commonly associated with the Norwegians.
Rock carvings of skiers have been found in Norway that date back to 4000 B.C.
3. There are reports about the use of skis among soldiers as far back in time as the Middle Ages.
Skiers appear in several places in The Chronicle of the Kings of Norway.
At the beginning of the 13th century, civil war raged in Norway.
In 1206, Håkon Håkonsson, the two year old son of the king Birkebeiner, had to be brought to safety.
The „two most ski-worthy men‟ were Torstein Skjelva and Skjervald Skrukka.
They brought the king‟s son over the mountains between Gudbrandsdalen and Østerdalen.
5. Olaus Magnus. Historia de Gentibus Septentrionalibus . Liber Undecimus. De Bellis Glacialibus –
Cap. XXXVI. De onagris, seu alcibus, in niuosa glacie currentibus (1555).
6. Olaus Magnus. Historia de Gentibus Septentrionalibus . Liber Primus. De ritu gentium et natura rerum ac usu
bellandi populorum Septentrionalium –
Cap. iiiI. De Scricfinnia (1555).
7. Norwegian Companies of ski troops were formed around 1750 in Trondheim and Kongvingen.
And the very first skiing competition were held by the military in 1767.
8. Other countries like France, Italy and Switzerland followed the Norwegian initiative.
In 1871 Captain Francois Clerc assigned in the Infantery Alpine 159 Regiment located in Briançon
incorporates skis for the troops equipment.
Austrian Companies of ski troops were formed in 1892.
9. Sondre Norheim (June 10, 1825–March 9, 1897) was the pioneer
of modern skiing. Born and raised in Morgedal
a small village centrally located in the county of Telemark,
southern Norway.
Sondre loved the winter hills of Morgedal. As often as he could,
he put on his skis made of pine, which his father had made for him.
10. He became a master of downhill skiing, both in terms of skills
and in developing equipment.
Sondre has been credited for having invented the curved skis,
to facilitate turns, the bindings with stiff heel bands made of willow,
the Telemark turn and the Christiania turn.
11. Sondre contributed to a new and different way of
using the skis.
This is why he has been called the Father of Modern
Skiing. “Modern” is referring to the use of skis as a
recreation activity and in sports.
“Sondre generated enthusiasm and excitement
far beyond Morgedal.
He brought something new to the nation and the world.
He has made Norwegian words like ski and slalom
known worldwide”
HM King Olav of Norway (1988)
12. In 1888, the Norwegian explorer Fridtjof Nansen and his fellows became the first men
to cross Greenland on skis. The book from this expedition was translated into several
languages, and played an important role in promoting skiing as a sport across Europe.
In his book Nansen describes skiing as “the sport of sports”.
13. At the end of the XIXth Mathias Zdarsky (1856-1940), an Austrian ski
instructor, developed the ski technique known as Stem. His teaching, collected in a
book titled Lilienfelder Skilauf-Technik (The Lilienfeld Skiing Technique) allowing
hundreds of Austrian people to control the downhill ski.
14. Mathias Zdarsky reduced the skis size to facilitate the turns
and incorporated the first metallic bindings.
15. Unfortunately many skiers were not aware about the new technique.
The continuous falls of the Alpine tourists inspired Reginald Cleaver illustrations of his
winter sports book published in London in 1911.
16. Subsequently, another Austrian, Georg Bilgeri (1873-1934) added the idea of using
two poles. This Austrohungarian Army Coronel published the new technique in 1910 in
the work called Der Alpine Skilauf (Alpine Skiing).
The new technique was especially popular in military circles.
17. At the beginning of the XXth Century women started to practice ski.
18. Some years had to pass to see the first women dressed with trousers.
19. The history and the development of sportive ski are, without a doubt, closely
associated with the eminent Austrian skiing pioneer Hannes Schneider (1890-1955).
Hannes Schneider laid the foundation stone for today‟s global “ski school” upon his
invention of the Stem Christiania –a stem turn- and his “Arlberg technique”.
20. In the twentys Arnold Fanck films contributed to the popularity of Hannes Schneider
and the Arlberg Technique. In 1926 Fanck and Schneider published the “Wunder des
Schneeschuhs (The Miracle of the Snowshoe). Ein System des richtigen Skilaufens und
seine Anwendung im alpinen Geländelauf “.
21. White Ecstasy –the first skiing film to be set to music- was made in 1931 on the
Arlberg. It was also Hannes Schneider‟s last major film role in which he played himself
as a ski instructor. The plot was a really simpleone: a “cheeky little madam from
Berlin” (played by Leni Riefenstahl) learns how to ski at Schneider‟s ski school, and in
the subsequent fox chase, her and Schneider are chased by 50 pursuers. Further roles
are played by the young Lothar Ebersberg, Guzzi Lantschner and Walter Riml, plus Rudi
Matt, the most talented actor amongst all the Arlberg ski instructors.
22. In 1924 Chamonix (France) organized the first Olympic Winter Games
including the ski jumping and the Nordic Combined.
23. In 1927, Arnold Lunn visited the Arlberg in order to become acquainted with Hannes Schneider
and the skiing technique he knew from the films by Arnold Fanck.
Lunn‟s visit to the Arlberg in 1927 had far-reaching consequences:
together with Hannes Schneider, he planned the first Arlberg-Kandahar competition for 1928:
it developed into a marked success.
This competition was also the first alpine combination of downhill skiing and slalom.
24. From 1931 on, the competition was held alternately in Mürren and St Anton.
Mürren
25. The 1936 Games were held in the twin Bavarian towns of Garmisch and Partenkirchen
Alpine skiing events were included for the first time.
26. Emile Allais was world champion at Chamonix
in 1937. He won the Downhill, Slalom and
Combined events.
He created the Ecole Francaise de Ski wich
taught innovative French methods
characterised by parallel turns.
27. In 1955, Austrian Stefan Kruchenhauser presented in the
III Interski Congress hosted in Val d‟Isere (France)
a new technique: the Wedeln.
In 1956 the new technique was used by skiers
throughout the world.
In october the american Ski Magazine included an article
under the title: Ski the new way.
28. The last ski technique revolution came in the Interski Congress hosted in
Beitostolen (Norway) in 1999:
Carving Skiing
29. The 2003 Interski reunion holded in Crans Montana (Switzerland)
showed the changes in the ski world.
It was the time for telemark, carving and snowboard;
new techniques for search of joy and freedom.