Eoc review

1880’s Census/Livestock Quiz
1. What section of the country has the largest
population?
A. Northeast
B. Midwest
C. Southeast
D. West
2. What section of the country produced the largest
amount of hogs?
A. Northeast
B. Midwest
C. Southeast
D. West

Industrial Development of the
United States (1870-1900)
United States History
Era 6 State Performance Indicators
Hunters Lane High School
Social Studies Department

6.1 The Civil War created a massive production network that
fueled the industrial success of the United States after the war.
1. Building railroads was critical to supplying the Union and Confederate Armies.
2. Steel began to replace iron as a more reliable metal for building the weapons of
war.
3. Textiles were mass produced to supply Union and Confederate soldiers.
4. Coal was necessary for producing steam and heating homes.
5. Rubber had a variety of uses during the war, specifically for constructing rafts.
6. Processed foods were used to feed the Union and Confederate Armies.
The
Industrial
Revolution
The need
for war
supplies
A massive
increase in
American
Industry

6.2 Identify major agricultural post-Civil War American
geographic areas on a map.
1. Northeast: Lumber
2. Midwest: Corn
3. South: Cotton, Tobacco
4. West: Wheat

6.3 Identify major urban areas of the United States on a map
1. Northeast: New York City, Pittsburgh, Philadelphia
2. Upper Midwest: Chicago, Detroit
3. Atlantic Coast: Boston, Charleston, Savannah, Baltimore
4. California: San Francisco

6.4 Identify patterns of immigration and the causal factors that
led to immigration to the United States of America
1. Many Chinese immigrants came to America to escape crop famines, imperial
domination, and civil war.
2. European immigrants came to America to escape the pressures of strict social
class guidelines and crop famines.
3. Many Jewish immigrants came to America to escape religious persecution in
Russia.

6.5 Distinguish the differences in assimilation of "old" vs. "new" immigration.
1. The new immigrants spoke a variety of languages including Italian, Russian,
Chinese, and Japanese.
2. The new immigrants settled in cities.
3. Most immigrants lacked formal education but were taught English in settlement
houses.
4. Most of the new immigrants found work in factories, sweatshops, or building
railroads.
5. Many immigrants were clustered together in tenement housing or ghettos.
6. Nativists reacted against immigrants because they feared immigrants were taking
jobs away from the Americans.
7. The old immigrants were mainly protestant; the new immigrants were Jewish,
Catholic, and Orthodox Christians.
8. The old immigrants came from Northern and Western Europe; the new
immigrants came from Southern and Eastern Europe.
Old Immigration New Immigration
Northern and Western Europe Southern and Eastern Europe
Settled on Farms Settled in Cities
Germanic-based Languages Diverse Languages
Primarily Protestant Religions
Catholic and Orthodox
Religions
Likely to adopt American Values
Unlikely to adopt American
Values

6.6 Read and interpret a primary source document reflecting the
dynamics of the Gilded Age American society.
1. Booker T. Washington's Atlanta Compromise declares that black Americans will
progress through knowledge and hard work.
2. Carnegie's Gospel of Wealth documents his view of how the wealthy should feel
obligated to give something back to society.
3. Sojourner Truth’s Ain't I A Woman reveals the struggle of both black Americans
and women in their desire for suffrage.
4. Jane Addams' Hull House accounts documents the attempt to help the immigrant
poor find work, education, and medical care.
5. Jacob Riis’ How the Other Half Lives documented the urban poor through
photographs.
6. Many personal accounts from sweatshop and factory workers document the
extremely harsh working conditions.

6.7 Recognize technological and industrial advancements to the
era
1. Advancements in mining included hydraulic mining.
2. Advancements in farming included new plows, reapers, and drills.
3. Advancements in ranching included barbed wire and the emergence of the Texas
Longhorn.

6.8 Match innovators to their industrial and technological
contributions
1. Vanderbilt: Railroad Industry
2. Westinghouse/Tesla: The Air Brake System, AC current
3. Carnegie: Steel Industry
4. Pullman: Railroad Cars
5. Hershey: Chocolate
6. Dupont: Chemical Industry
7. Bell: The Telephone
8. Edison: Electric light bulb, Phonograph, DC current, Motion Pictures
9. Rockefeller: Oil Industry
10. Swift: Meatpacking and Food Processing/Transportaion Industry
11. Armour: Meatpacking Industry

6.9 Recognize the economic disparity among farmers, wage
earners, immigrants, or racial groups when compared to industrial
capitalists.
1. Industrial capitalists or tycoons were extremely wealthy, but they were also
known for great philanthropy.
2. Wage earners were very poor and endured harsh working conditions; many began
to join labor unions to improve working conditions (progressive/socialist).
3. Farmers were deeply in debt and looked for help from the National Grange and
the Populist Party (progressive/socialist).

6.10 Interpret a political cartoon which portrays the controversial
aspects of the Gilded Age
1. The Populist Party tried to level the playing field between poor farmers and the
wealthy business owners.
2. The Transcontinental Railroad created many jobs but was also the associated with
many government scandals.
3. Westward expansion was a result of Manifest Destiny but came at the expense of
the Native Americans.
4. The Dawes Act was an attempt to Americanize the Native Americans by making
them landowners.
5. Cities were becoming more technologically advanced but were still extremely
crowded and dirty.
The Gilded Age made life hard for …
Native Americans
Poor Immigrants
Poor Wage Earners
Poor Families
Poor Farmers

6.11 Analyze the impact of different forms of corruption and its
consequences in American politics during the later half of the
Age
1. “Black Friday” was the result of speculators illegally trying to corner the gold
market.
2. The Crédit Mobilier Scandal involved railroad profiteers illegally accepting
government money for building railroads.
3. The “Whiskey Ring” was a scandal that involved illegally diverting tax revenues.
4. Tammany Hall was one of the most famous political machines headed by Boss
Tweed.
5. The “Party Boss System” was a corrupt system consisting of bribery and extortion
in city politics.
6. President Garfield was assassinated by a man who believed the spoils system was
keeping him from gaining government employment.
7. Civil Service Reform was needed to eliminate unfair hiring and firing practices in
the government.
8. Granger laws: Progressive laws were passed to eliminate discrimination against
farmers.
9. Interstate Commerce Act was an attempt to regulate unfair railroad rates.

6.12 Assess the effect of late 19th century technological
innovation on the daily lives of American people
1. Electricity replaced oil lamps and extended business hours.
2. Water closets and sewer systems began to replace dumping waste onto city streets.
3. The telephone, telegraph, and typewriter connected people all across the country.
4. Subways and other forms of mass transportation helped people get from their
homes to work; Railroads encouraged travel across the continent.
Industry and
Immigration
create crowded
cities
Crowded Cities
decrease
Quality of Life
New Inventions
increase Quality
of Life

Era 6 Quiz
1.) The need to clothe thousands of Union soldiers in the Northern United States during the Civil War led to the expansion of
A. Cotton plantations
B. Textile manufacturing
C. The steel industry
D. Labor unions
2.) In the late 1800s, how did political and social unrest in Europe affect the United States?
A. United States military forces were deployed in Europe
B. European Immigrants sought refuge in the United States
C. European nations requested mediation led by the Unites States
D. United States political influence declined in Europe
3.) No race can prosper till it learns that there is as much dignity in tilling a field as in writing a poem.
It is at the bottom of life we must begin, and not at the top.
Which of the following early civil rights leaders’ ideas is best represented by the quotations above?
A. Booker T. Washington
B. W.E.B. Du Bois
C. Martin Luther King, Jr.
D. Marcus Garvey

Era 6 Quiz (cont’d)
4.) Which development during the Industrial Era led to the expansion of farming and ranching in the United States
A. Steel beam construction
B. Assembly line manufacturing
C. Growth of the railroads
D. Increase in electric lighting
 Molly Maguire Strike of 1875
 Haymarket Affair of 1886
 Homestead Strike of 1892
 Pullman Strike of 1894
5.) The primary cause of the labor strikes in the list above was the
A. Entry of women into industrial workplaces
B. Decision of business owners to integrate factories
C. Inability of immigrants to find employment in industry
D. Low wages of workers compared to factory owners

U.S. Imperialism Map
1.What area of the world did the U.S. fight for
most of its possessions?
A.The Atlantic Ocean
B.The Caribbean Sea
C.The South Pacific Ocean
D.Asia

Emergence of Modern America
(1890-1930)

7.1 Identify causes of American imperialism
1. The United States needed raw materials to support growing industry.
2. The United States believed in asserting its cultural superiority.
3. Many Americans wanted to spread Christianity to the lesser developed countries.
4. The United States began searching for potential naval bases around the world.
5. The United States did not want European countries to interfere with Latin
America—Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine.

7.2 Identify consequences of American imperialism
1. The United States went to war against Spain to end Cuban oppression.
2. Imperialism increased the United States’ ability to trade with foreign countries.
3. The United States benefitted from the economies of industrializing nations.
4. The United States built and operated the Panama Canal.
5. The United States exerted its cultural superiority around the world.
6. Yellow Journalism was a major contributor to the outbreak of the Spanish
American War.
7. The United States used military occupation as a means of diplomacy.
The United States acquired…
Panama Canal
Hawaii
The Philippines
Cuba
Puerto Rico
Guam

7.3 Recognize the progress of political and social reform in
America during this era
1. Women won the right to vote with the passing of the 19th Amendment.
2. The Pure Food and Drug Act and the Meat Inspection Act were reforms aimed at
improving the quality of foods and medicine.
3. Initiative, Referendum, and Recall were improvements to the election process in
city governments.
4. Child labor was prohibited and eight hour workdays were established during the
progressive era. Henry Ford championed higher wages and the
workday/workweek.
5. The Sherman Antitrust Act and the Clayton Antitrust Act were attempts to reform
unfair business processes such as monopolies.
6. Muckrakers were progressive journalists who tried to get rid of the corruption and
filth in society.

7.4 Identify the causes of American involvement in World War I
1. The United States was concerned about the security of its passenger and merchant ships
in Europe.
2. The United States benefitted from trading with both Allied and Central Powers during
the war.
3. President Wilson encouraged the United States and other nations to form a league of
democratic nations in order to avoid future conflicts.
4. British propaganda and President Wilson’s desire were factors in the United States’
entry into WWI.

7.5 Recognize the new trends, ideas, and innovations of the
1920's popular culture
1. The radio was the single most important innovation impacting popular culture.
2. Henry Ford’s Model T Ford was mass produced and affordable to the average
American.
3. Popular music could be bought on vinyl records and listened to on a phonograph.
4. The passage of the Volstead Act made it illegal to buy, sell, or produce alcohol.
5. Birth control became a controversial topic among Catholics and Protestants.
6. Prohibition led to a rise in organized crime.
7. Sports became a popular attraction for spectators in the 1920s.
8. Women “flappers” exerted their freedom through the vote, promiscuity, smoking,
drinking, short skirts, and bobbed hair.
Alcohol
Birth
Control
Sports Radios Credit
Women’s
freedom
The
Roaring
20s

7.6 Recognize the role of Tennessee in the women's suffrage
movement.
1. Tennessee became the 36th state to ratify the 19th Amendment, thus granting
enough support for it to become a national law.
2. Anne Dallas Dudley was instrumental in the campaign to ratify the 19th
Amendment in Tennessee.
3. Harry Burns was the youngest member of the Tennessee State Legislature and
noted for his support of the 19th Amendment.
4. Governor Albert Roberts called the special session in which the Tennessee State
legislature ratified the 19th Amendment.

7.7 Determine the possible factors that led to the economic
collapse of 1929
1. Agriculture and Industry produced too many goods during the 1920s. By
1929, consumers stopped purchasing products.
2. Many Americans bought goods and stocks using credit.
3. Most Americans purchased stock in companies and expected to become
rich (“buying on the margin”—10% of face value).
4. Farmers experienced a depression after the European farms began
producing crops after WWI.
5. Tariffs were used to influence consumers to buy American products—It
backfired and Canada and South America filled the void worldwide.
6. The government did little to control the economy in the 1920s.

7.8 Read and interpret a primary source document reflecting the
social dynamics of the 1920's.
1. The Harlem Renaissance was a black American cultural movement that produced
unique sounds such as jazz.
2. The Lost Generation was a group of young writers, musicians, and artists who
were “lost” as a result of the trauma experienced during WWI.

7.9 Compare and contrast the philosophies of DuBois,
Washington, and Garvey.
1. W.E. B. DuBois joined the NAACP and fought racial discrimination using the
legal system.
2. Booker T. Washington encouraged black Americans to get an education and find
employment.
3. Marcus Garvey began the “Back to Africa” movement.

Washington/Dubois/McGarvey Venn
Diagram
Booker T. Washington
W.E.B.DuBois
MarcusGarvey

7.10 Analyze the American isolationist position versus
interventionist arguments.
1. Isolationist (conservative/Founding Father’s intent) believed that America needed
to focus on the economy and stay out of foreign affairs.
2. Interventionists (progressive/socialists) believed that America had a moral
responsibility to spread and defend democracy.

Countries Involved
The Allies (Formerly known as the
Triple Entente)
•Austria-Hungary
•Germany
•Ottoman Empire
•Bulgaria
Countries that only cut off trade
•Bolivia
•Ecuador
•Peru
•Uruguay
•Serbia
•Russia
•France
•Belgium
•Great Britain
•Liberia
•Japan
•Montenegro
•Italy
•San Marino
•Portugal
•Romania
•Greece
•China
•U.S.
•Cuba
•Nicaragua
•Brazil
•Siam
•Costa Rica
•Guatemala
•Haiti
•Honduras
That Should
Add Up To
31 Countries
Central Powers (Formerly known
as the Triple Alliance)

WWI Allies Quiz
Name:
Date:
Class Period:
U.S. History
World War I Quiz
List the Allies and the Central Powers of World War I.
Allies Central Powers
1. 1.
2. 2.
3. 3.
4.
5.

Era 7 Quiz1.) During the 1920s, which innovation became an important part of popular culture?
A. Radio
B. Opera
C. Television
D. Newspapers
2.) British propaganda had the greatest influence on the United States’ entry into which war?
A. Spanish-American War
B. World War I
C. World War II
D. Korean War
3.) What was the 19th Amendment?
A. Abolished slavery
B. Black men could vote
C. Women suffrage
D. Equal rights
4.) Causes leading to the ?
Overproduction in agriculture
Weak financial regulations
Purchasing “stock on margin”
Which of these best completes the title of the above list?
A. Federal Reserve Act of 1913
B. Economic collapse of 1929
C. Auto workers strike of 1936
D. Lend-lease agreement of 1941
5.) Which phrase best describes the similarities between Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois?
A. Opposed Supreme Court Decision in Brown v. Board of Education
B. Opposed racial discrimination against black Americans
C. Believed minorities should unite in a violent revolution to gain equality
D. Believed black Americans should start a nationalist movement

WWII Timeline Quiz
1. What event precipitated the end of World War II?
A. The Yalta Conference
B. The unconditional surrender of Germany
C. Hitler commits suicide
D. Atomic bombs are dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
2. What event led the United States to enter WWII?
A. Germany’s attack on Poland
B. The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, HI
C. Great Britain’s war declaration on Germany
D. The forming of the alliance

The Great Depression and World
War II (1929-1945)

8.1 Identify the causes of World War II
1. The Treaty of Versailles placed many restrictions on Germany that crippled their military
and economy.
2. Fascism is a violent form of politics that places the well-being of the country above
individual rights of the citizens.
3. The League of Nations was not powerful enough to stop Japan from invading China nor
Germany from starting WWII.
4. Japan invaded China and began taking control of many countries in the South Pacific
and Southeast Asia.
5. The Great Depression affected many countries around the world.
Terms of the
Treaty of
Versailles
Totalitarian
Dictatorships

8.2 Recognize the negative patterns of an economic cycle
1. The Great Depression caused a rise in unemployment.
2. Prices fell as a result of overproduction.
3. Many businesses experienced an excess of inventory.
4. Most businesses had to stop production and lay off employees.
5. The Great Depression began to affect other countries in addition to the after-effects
of WWI.
6. Many businesses failed due to the poor economic conditions.
7. Many people, businesses, and even banks had to declare bankruptcy.

8.3 Recognize the definitions of
1. Totalitarianism: A dictator has total control of the government.
2. Fascism: The well-being of the country is more important than the well-being of the
citizens.
3. Communism: Everything is owned by the government; government makes all of
your personal decisions.
4. Nationalism: Love of one’s country.
5. Ultra-nationalism: An extreme love of one’s country over other countries and
ethnicities.
6. Anti-Semitism: Racism toward Jewish people.

8.4 Identify the changes in social and cultural life caused by the
Great Depression and the Dust Bowl.
1. Shanty towns were renamed Hoovervilles because the residents blamed President
Hoover for their troubles.
2. The Bonus Army was WWI Veterans who marched on Congress to collect their
bonuses from WWI.
3. People moved to different parts of the country in search of employment or to escape
the dust storms during the Dust Bowl.
4. The economic problems of the United States spread to other parts of the world.
5. FDR won a landslide victory in 1932 because citizens blamed the Republicans for
the depression.
6. Most people were poor and could not afford basic necessities.
7. Most people struggled to find employment.
8. Many people turned to their religious roots and motion pictures to ease the pain of
the depression.

8.5 Interpret a timeline of major events from World War II
1931
Japan invades China
1939
Germany Invades
Poland
1941
Germany invades
Soviet Union/Japan
Bombs Pearl Harbor
1944
D-Day
1945
Germany
Surrenders/Atomic
Bomb Dropped on
Japan/Japan
Surrenders

8.6 Identify New Deal Programs/Initiatives.
1. Social Security: Money for the unemployed and citizens over age 65.
2. WPA: Employed millions of workers on fine arts related projects and wasted lots of
taxpayers money—nicknamed- “We piddle around”.
3. TVA: Created jobs and energy in the Tennessee valley.
4. Indian Reorganization Act: Allowed Native Americans to manage their assets.
5. FDIC: Insured the money in banks to build public confidence in banks.
6. CCC: Employed 250,000 young men on various conservation tasks.
7. Wagner/Fair Labor Standards' Act: Established a minimum wage.

8.7 Recognize World War II alliances
Axis Allies
Germany Britain
Italy France*
Japan United States**
Soviet Union***
*France surrendered to Germany early in the war.
**The United States did not enter the war until after Japan bombed Pearl Harbor.
***The Soviet Union originally had signed a non-aggression pact with Germany.

8.8 Analyze how World War II affected the American economy
1. Women joined the workforce to replace the men who joined the military.
2. Cities were popular because there were many job openings.
3. Minorities moved to cities to find employment.
4. The G.I. Bill allowed returning soldiers to buy homes and pay for college.
5. Americans had to ration food and critical mission essential items in order to support
the war effort.
6. Childcare became a popular job because more women joined the workforce.

8.9 Recognize the effect of the New Deal and World War II on
Tennessee
1. Fort Campbell was established to support the military buildup prior to WWII.
2. The Tennessee Valley Authority was created to control the wild Tennessee River
flooding and provide hydroelectric energy.
3. Secretary of State Cordell Hull was a considered the “father of the United Nations.”
4. Oak Ridge, TN was chosen as a nuclear facility to supply the uranium for the
Manhattan Project.

8.10 Evaluate the impact of the Manhattan Project.
1. Oak Ridge played a critical role in supporting the Manhattan Project.
2. Nuclear technology began to spread to other countries.
3. There was a massive campaign to keep the atomic bomb secret during the war.
4. There were many concerns about whether it was ethical to use an atomic bomb on
civilians.
5. There were many alleged unethical medical experiments conducted in the United
States in order to understand the effects of radiation and chemical exposures.
6. The United States dropped atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Nagasaki and
Hiroshima.

8.11 Interpret a political cartoon involving the New Deal.
Things to consider:
1. Most political cartoons will focus on President Roosevelt having trouble
getting approval of funding for his New Deal programs or stacking the
Supreme Court.
2. There may be an emphasis on the concept of the government becoming too
large.
3. There may be an emphasis on President Roosevelt gaining too much power.

Era 8 Quiz
Reparation payments
Strict terms of the Treaty of Versailles
Extremely high inflation
1.) How did factors listed above contribute to the start of World War II?
A. They created conditions in Britain that increased support for isolationism
B. They encouraged a close political alliance between Italy and Japan
C. They encouraged investment in military industries in France and Poland
D. They created conditions in Germany that allowed for the rise of Nazism
Dictatorship
Limited individual rights
Supremacy of the state
One-party rule
2.) The above list defines the characteristics of
A. Fascism
B. Capitalism
C. Liberalism
D. Socialism
3.) During the 1930s, religious revivalism expanded in the United States as a response to the
A. Experience of trench warfare in World War I
B. Fear of communist invasion during the Cold War
C. Economic hardships of the Great Depression
D. Increase in charitable giving during the Progressive Era

1 - Unconditional surrender of all German forces to Allies
2 - Allies divide up Germany and Berlin
3 - Atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
4 - Japanese offer unconditional surrender
5 - United Nations is established
4.) The event numbered 3 on the timeline above was a result of the
A. New Deal
B. Yalta Conference
C. Truman Doctrine
D. Manhattan Project
Created in 1935
Built public improvements
Gave jobs to writers and artists
Set up National Youth Administration
Spent the most money of any New Deal program
5.) Which New Deal program is described above?
A. Social Security Administration’
B. Works Progress Administration
C. National Recovery Administration
D. Tennessee Valley Authority

Iron Curtain –
A term used by
Winston Churchill
to describe the
separating of
Those communist
lands of East
Europe from the
West.

Divided Germany Quiz
1. Which WWII ally had the least territory of the
post-war Germany?
A. Great Britain
B. France
C. United States
D. U.S.S.R.

Era 9: Post World War II Era (1945-
1970s)

9.1 Recognize differences among the victorious Allied Powers
after World War II
1. The United States, Britain, and France remained part of a free market economy.
2. The Soviet Union remained communist and began to impress communism on its
satellite countries in the Warsaw Pact.
3. The Military Industrial Complex changed the structure of the United States’
military.
4. The United States, Britain, and France confronted the Soviet Union and eventually
China over the spread of communism.
Britain
France
United States
Soviet Union

9.2 Distinguish social inequities in America in the post World
War II era
1. Racial segregation and discrimination remained strong in the South and the North .
2. A generation conflict existed between the Greatest Generation and the Baby
Boomers.
3. Women began to demand equal rights in society.
4. Many ethnicities began to express their individuality.

9.3 Locate and label countries, using a map, dominated or
threatened by Communism.

9.4 Recognize the impact of technological and cultural changes
on American society
1. President Kennedy was determined to win the Space Race against the USSR and
put an American on the moon.
2. Hollywood became a center for popular culture and grew very rapidly.
3. The United States was becoming more connected: physically and electronically.
4. Mass media became a popular means of advertising and disseminating information.
5. Medical advancements were becoming more common due to technology.
6. Interstates connected the country and created evacuation routes for people living in
the cities.

9.5 Identify areas associated with American containment policies
1. The Korean War was technically a United Nations police action resulting in over
three years of combat and heavy casualties.
2. The Vietnam War became a burden on the United States because of the political
government control, media and the cost of the war.
3. Cuba and the United States experienced hostilities over the threat of nuclear war.
4. The division of East and West Germany served as an example of the extremities of
the Cold War.

9.6 Recognize domestic impact of the Cold War on American
society
1. Senator McCarthy attempted to rid the country of suspected communists.
2. Americans lived in fear of nuclear attacks.
3. Americans did not want to associate themselves with communists in any way.
4. A counterculture developed as a result of the fear and violence experienced during
the Cold War.
5. A generation gap existed between the World War II generation and the people of the
counterculture movement.
6. Highway systems served as evacuation routes for the people living in the cities.
7. Advertising and consumerism were at all time highs during the Cold War because
of American industry and manufacturing.

9.7 Determine the effects of the Supreme Court's decisions and
legislation on Civil Rights
1. Plessy v. Ferguson: Legalized segregation under “Separate but Equal”
2. The 19th Amendment gave women’s suffrage
3. Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, KS: De-segregated the public school
system
4. Miranda v. Arizona: Guaranteed rights to be read for arrested individuals awaiting a
trial
5. Gideon v. Wainwright: Provided an attorney for individuals awaiting a trial
6. Korematsu v. U.S.: Japanese/German internment
7. Escobedo v. Illinois: Right to have counsel

Supreme Court Civil Rights Cases Quiz
1. The Warren Court decision requiring that a police officer inform suspects of their rights during
the arrest process.
A. Engel v. Vitale
B. Miranda v. Arizona
C. Escobedo v. Illinois
D. Gideon v. Wainwright
2. What was the 24th Amendment?
A. Outlawed the poll tax
B. Women’s suffrage
C. Abolished slavery
D. Equal rights
3. Brown v. Board of Education was a significant case because:
A. It declared the prevention of black Americans to vote illegal
B. It declared segregated restaurants illegal
C. It declared segregated public schools illegal
D. It declared discrimination in the selling of a house illegal
4. What was the 19th Amendment?
A. Abolished slavery
B. Black men could vote
C. Women’s suffrage
D. Equal rights
5. The Warren Court decision requiring that a defendant in a state court had a right to a lawyer.
A. Gideon v. Wainwright
B. Escobedo v. Illinois
C. Mapp v. Ohio
D. Engel v. Vitale

9.8 Identify significant events in the struggle for Civil Rights
1. The “Clinton 12” were the first black Americans to attend Clinton High School in
Tennessee.
2. Little Rock Central High integrated nine black American students later called the “Little
Rock Nine.”
3. The Montgomery Bus Boycott was a successful non-violent protest led by Martin Luther
King.
4. The Freedom Riders were met by violence in Birmingham, AL.
5. Diane Nash conducted the first successful desegregation campaign for lunch counters in
Nashville, TN.
6. Martin Luther King delivered his “I Have a Dream Speech” in Washington, D.C.
7. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 eliminated job discrimination and segregation in public
accommodations.
8. The Civil Rights Act of 1968 banned housing discrimination and protected Native
Americans on reservations.
9. Escobedo v. Illinois awarded the right to counsel during police interrogations.
10. The Great Society was President Johnson’s plan to eliminate poverty and racial injustice.

9.9 Recognize the altered American approach to foreign policy
1. The Bay of Pigs invasion was a failed covert operation to overthrow Fidel Castro’s
regime in Cuba.
2. Brinkmanship: Both the United States and the USSR would threaten to use
violence, but both sides would back down before initiating violence.
3. Cuban Missile Crisis was the result of the Soviet Union storing and erecting nuclear
missiles in Cuba after U2 reconnaissance plane pictures.
4. Peaceful coexistence: The United States and the USSR decided to acknowledge
their differences and avoid hostilities—Strategic Arms Limitation Treaties (SALT) I
& II.

9.10 Match leading figures of the Civil Rights era with their
respective groups and goals
1. Strom Thurmond was a famous Democratic segregationist U.S. Senator.
2. Eugene “Bull” Conner was a segregationist sheriff known for using excessively
violent tactics.
3. George Wallace was a famous Democratic segregationist Governor.
4. Diane Nash: Led the first successful lunch-counter de-segregation protest in
Nashville.
5. Betty Friedan: Wrote the Feminine Mystique; helped promote the women’s
liberation movement and support for the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA).
6. Phyllis Schlafly presented the women’s conservative opposition to the Equal Rights
Amendment (ERA) which failed to achieve ratification.
7. Martin Luther King Jr. was a civil rights leader who used non-violent protest.
8. Malcolm X was an aggressive civil rights leader and Black Muslim.
9. Stokely Carmichael was famous for initiating the “Black Power” movement.
10. Albert Gore, Sr: U.S. Senator from Tennessee against civil rights during the civil
rights era.

9.11 Read and interpret Cold War documents
1. Truman decided to drop the atomic bomb on Japan in order to bring the war to a
quick end and save American lives.
2. Eisenhower warned Americans about the influence of the military industrial
complex in his farewell address.
3. Kennedy promotes global peace and a unified front against communism in his
inaugural address.
4. Goldwater promoted peace-through-strength in the face of communism.
5. Johnson's Gulf of Tonkin declaration allowed him to send military forces to
Vietnam without a congressional declaration of war which expanded the power of
the executive branch until the Nixon Watergate Scandal.

9.12 Identify the changes in the music industry brought about by
Tennessee's influence
1. The Grand Ole Opry was a famous country music broadcast airing every Saturday night
on WSM Radio.
2. WSM Radio, a clear channel, was a famous AM broadcasting station reaching all over
the South.
3. Nashville became famous for country music and eventually a melting pot for all genres
of music.
4. Memphis Sun Studios and Stax records were famous Memphis studios recording blues,
rock and roll, and rhythm and blues music.
5. WLAC, another clear channel, promoted rock and roll.
6. Elvis Presley was labeled the King of Rock and Roll and lived in his mansion,
“Graceland,” in Memphis, TN.

9.13 Evaluate socio-economic impact of the post World War II
Baby Boomer generation
1. The media became a national source of information for the American people and
became less courteous to the government and the military with an agenda toward
socialism.
2. Entertainment became a staple for the American citizen as the music and movie
industry expanded.
3. Sports became extremely popular as most events were televised.
4. Many Americans resided in the suburbs built during the post WWII era.
5. More Americans were seeking higher education as a result of the G.I. Bill.
6. A counterculture developed in response to the violence created by the Cold War and
the Civil Rights Movement.

9.14 Analyze the advantages and disadvantages of increased
global trade and competition on the U.S. economy.
Production
• Outsourcing was a cheap production
alternative but…
Trade
• Import quotas/tariffs protected
American products but…
Globalization
• Everyone could benefit from a free
market economy but…

Communists
invaded from the
north. China sent
a million troops
to help reds.

Korean War-The Korean War refers to a period of military conflict
between North Korean and South Korean regimes, with major
hostilities lasting from June 25, 1950 until the armistice signed on
July 27, 1953.

• Cuban Missile Crisis-October 14th-October 28th, 1962 where
the U.S. and Soviet Union/Cuba came very close to a nuclear
war.

Introduction
The Vietnam war occurred in Southeast Asia. Laos
and Cambodia became involved during 1959 to 30 Apr
1975. The war started when communist North Vietnam
tried to take over the republic of South Vietnam. It was
the longest war America had ever fought in and it
lasted 15 years.
North Vietnam wanted to take over
South Vietnam. If they succeeded
then it’ll be likely that Laos and
Cambodia will turn Communist.
Laos and Cambodia might’ve turned
Communist because they were so
vulnerable.

THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT
1954-1968

TRUE OR FALSE
SEPARATE BUT EQUAL

Terminology
• Discrimination –
unfair treatment of a
person, racial group,
or minority
• Unconstitutional –
not legal according to
the U.S. Constitution
and Supreme Court
review
• Segregation – the
separation of races
• Integration – the
process of bringing
people of different
races together

1896
• PLESSY v. FERGUSON, LOUISIANA
– SUPREME COURT DECISION
– ESTABLISH “SEPARATE-BUT-EQUAL DOCTRINE”
– DECLARED SEGREGATION IN PUBLIC FACILITIES
CONSTITUTIONAL
– GAVE RISE TO JIM CROW LAWS/BLACK CODES
THAT LEGALIZED SEGREGATION IN THE UNITED
STATES, ESPECIALLY IN THE SOUTH

1954
• BROWN v. BOARD OF EDUCATION OF
TOPEKA, KANSAS
–SUPREME COURT DECISION
–DECLARED SEGREGATED SCHOOLS
UNCONSTITUTIONAL AND VIOLATED THE 14TH
AMENDMENT
–NAACP LAWYERS LED BY THURGOOD
MARSHALL
–OVERTURNED PLESSY v. FERGUSON DECISION

Era 9 Quiz
1.) Great Britain and France entered World War II as allies because of their commitment to defend which country?
A. Netherlands
B. Czechoslovakia
C. Austria
D. Poland
2.) Increased urbanization in the United States during World War II can be attributed to the
A. Opportunities for employment in industry
B. Rapid desegregation of neighborhoods
C. Fear of foreign attacks in remote rural areas
D. Arrival of large numbers of immigrants
3.) Which program was the Oak Ridge facility built to support?
A. The Tennessee Valley Authority
B. The Manhattan Project
C. The Interstate Highway System
D. The Marshall Plan
4.) The Warren Court decision requiring that a police must inform suspects of their rights during the arrest process was
A. Engel v. Vitale
B. Miranda v. Arizona
C. Escobedo v. Illinois
D. Gideon v. Wainwright
5.) Brown v. Board of Education was a significant case because
A. It declared it illegal to prevent black Americans from voting
B. It declared it illegal to segregate restaurants
C. It declared it illegal to segregate public schools
D. It declared it illegal to discriminate in the selling of a house

Watergate
Watergate Complex, Washington, D.C.

Watergate
From left to right: Fred Thompson (minority counsel), Howard Baker, and Sam Ervin of the Senate
Watergate Committee in 1973.

Watergate
Nixon hanging between the tapes
Even more damning than President Richard
Nixon's profiting from public office were the
disclosures of his corruption and attempts at
corruption of the government itself including
the CIA, the FBI, the Pentagon and even the
Secret Service. A taping system that had
recorded most of President Nixon's
conversations in the Oval Office provided the
"smoking gun" that spoke of crime and
corruption. Nixon refused to release the
tapes until the Supreme Court ordered him to
do so.
Nixon awash in his office
By June 1973, the country had
become transfixed by the
investigation of Watergate via the
televised hearings of the Senate
Select Committee on Presidential
Campaign Activities. On June 25,
former presidential counsel John
Dean began his testimony, the first
before the committee to directly
accuse President Richard Nixon of
involvement in the cover-up.

Watergate
President Nixon leaving the White House on Marine 1
after his resignation 9 Aug 1974.
In May 2005 Vanity Fair magazine revealed that Mark Felt, pictured
above with his daughter, was the source referred to as "Deep Throat."
The former No. 2 official at the FBI secretly confirmed to Woodward
and Bernstein what they discovered from other sources in reporting
on the cover-up.(AP)

Watergate Quiz
1. In the political cartoon Nixon Awash in His Office, what
does the flood represent?
A. A natural disaster
B. Broken water pipes at the White House
C. Foreign policies problems
D. The crimes, bribery, and cover-up of the Watergate scandal
2. In the political cartoon Nixon Hanging between The Tapes,
why is President Nixon hanging between the tapes?
A. He is trying to put the tapes back together
B. He is repairing the tapes for the Watergate Commission
C. His fate hangs in the balance of what is on the tapes and not
on the tapes
D. The Supreme Court ruling on the tapes

North American Free Trade Agreement
NAFTA

Era 10: The Contemporary United
States 1968-present

10.1 Match innovators or entrepreneurs in the "new economy"
1. Sam Walton: Walmart
2. Michael Dell: Dell Computers
3. Ray Kroc: McDonalds
4. Lee Iacocca: Ford/Chrysler—Mustang/mini-van
5. Donald Trump: Real Estate Mogul
6. Bill Gates: Microsoft
7. Steve Jobs: Apple
8. Jeff Bezos: Amazon/Online Retail

10.2 Recognize the roles of the key figures of Watergate
1. The Nixon Administration was accused of burglarizing and stealing information
from the Democratic National Committee Headquarters in order to secure an
election win.
2. A committee was appointed to investigate and eventually President Nixon was
implicated. First president to resign from office to avoid impeachment.
3. Carl Bernstein and Bob Woodward questioned William Felt, nicknamed
“deepthroat,” and identified some of the conspirators.

10.3 Use a timeline to identify America's interest and
participation in Southeast Asia since World War II.
1950s
Korea
1960s
Vietnam
1970s
Chinese
Diplomacy

10.4 Compare and contrast the Reagan and George H.W. Bush
administrations with the Clinton administration and the nature of
their respective political opposition
1. Economic: Reaganomics emphasized the “trickle down effect.”
2. Domestic: Reagan emphasized the “New Right.”
3. Budgets: Reagan and Clinton (forced by the Republican Congress) emphasized
deficit spending.
4. Foreign policy: Bush intervened in Iraq. Clinton intervened in Kosovo, Serbia, and
Iraq.
5. Ethics: Clinton was accused of having many sexual relations, rapes, and sexual
assaults with women and ultimately with an intern as part of his impeachment. Lost
his law license for perjury to a U.S. federal court judge.
6. Generational values: Reagan emphasized strong family values. Clinton represented
loose morals and a cavalier attitude toward life.

10.5 Analyze the advantages and disadvantages of increased
global trade and competition on the U.S. economy
1. NAFTA treaty was an attempt to eliminate trade barriers between Canada, the
United States, and Mexico and form a trade bloc similar to the European Union
(EU).
2. Import quotas encouraged Americans to buy American made products.
3. Free trade agreements were considered to increase global trade.

Era 10 Quiz
1.) This entrepreneur is best known as the co-founder and CEO of Apple, Inc.
A. Sam Walton
B. Donald Trump
C. Steve Jobs
D. Bill Gates
2.) Which administration was accused of stealing information from the Democratic National Committee
Headquarters in order to secure an election win?
A. Nixon Administration
B. Bush Administration
C. Reagan Administration
D. Clinton Administration
3.) The attempt to eliminate trade barriers between Canada, the United States, and Mexico is known as
A. UN charter
B. NAFTA treaty
C. North Atlantic Treaty
D. New York Agreement

4.) The Reagan and Clinton administrations were both known for having
A. The consistent support of the majority party in Congress
B. Advocated changes in the role played by the federal government
C. Been succeeded in their office by their vice presidents
D. Negotiated strategic peace agreements with the Soviet Union
5.) Vietnam only allows a certain amount of foreign-made motorcycles and bicycles to be brought into the
country. This practice is an example of
A. A free-trade agreement
B. An export tariff
C. An import quota
D. A foreign-aid agreement

EOC TEST REVIEW
U.S. HISTORY
1877 – PRESENT

WHERE ARE THE FARMING AREAS LOCATED?

RESULTS OF FARM ADVANCEMENTS
• MORE CROPS
• LOWERED CROP PRICES
• FEWER FARM LABORERS NEEDED
• MANY FARMERS MOVED TO THE CITIES
• MORE OIL NEEDED FOR MACHINES
• RAILROADS SHIPPED MORE CROPS
• INTERSTATE COMMERCE ACT PASSED
• POPULIST PARTY FORMED

EFFECTS OF RAILROAD ON INDUSTRY
• GOODS SHIPPED FASTER
• LOWERED COST OF PRODUCTION
• CREATED NATIONAL MARKETS
• STIMULATED OTHER INDUSTRIES

NATIVE AMERICANS ARE TO BECOME
FARMERS
NATIVE AMERICANS ARE TO BE EDUCATED
PASSED IN 1887
NATIVE AMERICANS CAN BECOME
CITIZENS
DAWES ACT

CIVIL WAR AND THE
GROWTH OF
INDUSTRY
STRONGER STEEL NEEDED
FOR NEW WEAPONS
GROWTH OF
RAILROADS
PROCESSED FOODS
DEVELOPED TO FEED
SOLDIERS
COAL NEEDED FOR
STEAM ENGINES
RUBBER AND
TEXTILES NEEDED
FOR UNIFORMS AND
EQUIPMENT
OIL USED AS
LUBRICANT

• EFFICIENTLY REMOVED IMPURITIES FROM IRON
ORE
• PRODUCED LIGHTER, STRONGER STEEL (BARBED
WIRE, STEAM ENGINES, AUTOMOBILES, BRIDGES,
SKYSCAPERS)
• MADE MASS PRODUCTION OF STEEL POSSIBLE
BESSEMER PROCESS

EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY
1865-1920
• LIGHT BULB
– INVENTED BY THOMAS EDISON
– INCREASED PRODUCTION (LONGER WORK HOURS/SHIFTS)
– SAFER CITIES
• BETTER QUALITY OF LIFE IN CITIES
– INDOOR PLUMBING
– TELEGRAPHS/TELEPHONES HELPED BUSINESS AND PEOPLE
– PROCESSED FOODS SAVE TIME
• RAILROADS
– BROUGHT GOODS TO THE ENTIRE NATION
– INCREASED THE VARIETY OF CONSUMER GOODS

KEY FIGURES OF THE GILDED AGE QUIZ
• CARNEGIE
• ROCKEFELLER
• DUPONT
• SWIFT/ARMOUR
• VANDERBILT
• PULLMAN
• HERSHEY
• BELL
• EDISON
• MEAT/FOOD
PROCESS/TRANSPORT
• RAILROADS/SHIPPING
• EXPLOSIVES/CHEMICALS
• RAILROAD SLEEPERS
• OIL
• CHOCOLATE
• TELEPHONE
• LIGHT BULB/PHONGRAPH
• STEEL

WHERE ARE THE URBAN AREAS LOCATED?
WHERE DID MOST IMMIGRANTS SETTLE?
WHAT BROUGHT IMMIGRANTS TO THE U.S.?

IMMIGRATION
1860-1920
• 31.5 MILLION ARRIVED IN U.S.
• REASONS IMMIGRANTS LEFT THEIR HOMES
– EXTREME POVERTY (VERY POOR)
– FAMINE (STARVING)
– PUNISHED FOR RELIGIOUS AND POLITICAL BELIEFS
– WARS
– DESPOTIC RULE

IMMIGRATION
1860-1920
• 70 PERCENT ENTERED THROUGH NEW YORK
CITY
• SETTLED IN CITIES IN NORTHEAST AND
MIDWEST
• MOST LIVED IN TENEMENTS/GHETTOS
• PROVIDED CHEAP LABOR
• SETTLEMENT HOUSES HELPED IMMIGRANTS
WITH SOCIAL SERVICES

NATIVISM
(BILL THE BUTCHER)
• FAVORED NATIVE-BORN AMERICANS OVER
IMMIGRANTS
• BLAMED IMMIGRANTS FOR PROBLEMS
• SUPPORTED LIMITS ON IMMIGRATION

SETTLEMENT HOUSES
• SET UP TO HELP POOR IMMIGRANTS
• MOST FAMOUS WAS THE HULL HOUSE IN CHICAGO
– FOUNDED BY JANE ADDAMS
– OFFERED SOCIAL SERVICES
– DAY CARE
– ENGLISH CLASSES

GILDED AGE POLITICS
• BUSINESS INFLUENCE
– CORRUPTION
– SCANDALS
• SPOILS SYSTEM
– PRESIDENT GARFIELD ASSASSINATED
• CIVIL SERVICE REFORM
• CITY CORRUPTION
– BOSS TWEED
– TAMMANY HALL

RICH AND POOR
• IN 1890, 9 PERCENT OF
AMERICANS HELD 75
PERCENT OF WEALTH
BECAUSE OF LOBBYING AND
SUBSIDIES OF CORRUPT
GOV’T
OFFICIALS/REPRESENTATIVES
• AN AVERAGE WORKER
EARNED A FEW HUNDRED
DOLLARS A YEAR
• RICH BUSINESS OWNERS
EARNED MILLIONS OF
DOLLARS EACH WEEK
• MANY AMERICANS TURNED
TO POPULISM/SOCIALISM
DISTRIBUTION OF WEALTH, 1890
75%
25%
9% OF POPULATION
RICH BUSINESS OWNERS
91% OF POPULATION
WORKING POOR

POPULISM/PROGRESSIVISM=SOCIALISM

POPULIST PARTY
• FOUNDED IN 1891
• WANTED THE GOVERNMENT TO HELP FARMERS
AND FACTORY WORKERS
• KNOWN AS THE PEOPLE’S PARTY
• LATER BECAME PROGRESSIVES

PROGRESSIVE ERA
1890-1920
• PROGRESSIVES:
– AMERICAN SOCIALISTS WHO BELIEVED THE GOVERNMENT
SHOULD FIX/REGULATE SOCIETY’S PROBLEMS
• MANY LAWS PASSED TO “IMPROVE THE LIFE”—
CONTROL THE LIVES OF AVERAGE AMERICANS AND
CLEAN UP CORRUPTION IN POLITICS
• BELIEVED IN THE SOCIAL GOSPEL
– COLLECTIVE SALVATION INSTEAD OF
INDIVIDUAL SALVATION
• USED EUGENICS, SEGREGATION, RACISM TO
KEEP THE LOWER CLASSES UNDER CONTROL

FAMOUS PROGRESSIVES
• PRESIDENTS
– TEDDY ROOSEVELT(1901-1909)
• REPUBLICAN
– W.H. TAFT (1909-1913)
• REPUBLICAN
– WOODROW WILSON (1913-1921)
• DEMOCRAT
• UPTON SINCLAIR
– MUCKRAKER AUTHOR- THE JUNGLE

MUCKRAKERS
• WRITERS WHO EXPOSED
– UNSAFE WORKING CONDITIONS, HOUSING, AND
CORRUPTION
– BROUGHT ATTENTION TO SOCIAL ISSUES
• PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT NAMED THEM
MUCKRAKERS
• UPTON SINCLAIR
– WROTE THE JUNGLE IN 1905
– DESCRIBED MEATPACKING AND FOOD INDUSTRY

IMPORTANT LAWS AND REFORMS PASSED DURING THE
PROGRESSIVE ERA
• SHERMAN ANTITRUST ACT, 1890
– WENT AFTER MONOPOLIES
• UNITED STATES FOREST SERVICE ACT, 1905
• PURE FOOD AND DRUG ACT, 1906
• MEAT INSPECTION ACT, 1906
• DEPARTMENT OF LABOR, 1913 (LAWS AGAINST CHILD LABOR)
• 16TH AMENDMENT, 1913 (FEDERAL INCOME TAX)
• 17TH AMENDMENT, 1913 (DIRECT ELECTION OF SENATORS)
• 18TH AMENDMENT, 1919 (PROHIBITS SALE AND CONSUMPTION OF
ALCOHOL
• 19TH AMENDMENT, 1920 (GRANTS WOMEN FULL SUFFRAGE OR THE
RIGHT TO VOTE)

Governor Albert Roberts
ANN DALLAS DUDLEY
Supporter of women’s suffrage in
TN
“The Perfect 36”HARRY BURN
TN Legislator whose vote
passed the 19th amendment
19TH AMENDMENT
AND TENNESSEE

PLESSY V. FERGUSON
1896
• IMPORTANT SUPREME COURT CASE
• ESTABLISHED “SEPARATE BUT EQUAL”
DOCTRINE
• LEGALIZED SEGREGATION

BLACK AMERICAN LEADERS
• BOOKER T. WASHINGTON
– EARN RESPECT AND EQUALITY
– GAIN ECONOMIC SECURITY
– FOUNDED TUSKEGEE INSTITUTE
• W.E.B. DUBOUIS
– DEMANDED EQUALITY NOW
– BECOME A LEADER IN SOCIETY
– JOINED NAACP

REASONS FOR U.S. IMPERIALISM 1890-
1914
• NEEDED NEW MARKETS TO SELL GOODS
• PROTECT U.S INTERESTS
• PRESERVE AMERICAN SPIRIT
• SPREAD SUPERIOR AMERICAN CULTURE
• MANIFEST DESTINY (PROGRESIVE DOCTRINE)
• ROOSEVELT COROLLARY TO MONROE DOCTRINE
• NATIONALISM
• MILITARISM (U.S. NAVY)

ISOLATIONISTS
• FOUNDING FATHERS INTENT (WASHINGTON
FAREWELL ADDRESS)
• AGAINST U.S. EXPANSION
• WORRY ABOUT U.S. HOMELAND FIRST
• STAY OUT OF OTHER COUNTRIES AFFAIRS
• STAY OUT OF FOREIGN ALLIANCES,
ENTANGLEMENTS, AND WARS

U.S IMPERIALISM (EXPANSION)
• MIDWAY ISLAND, 1858
• HAWAII, 1898
• SPANISH AMERICAN WAR, 1898
– CUBA, GUAM, PHILIPPINES, PUERTO RICO
• CHINA, 1900 (BOXER REBELLION)
• THE PHILIPPINES INSURRECTION AND
OCCUPATION 1904
• PANAMA CANAL, 1904-1914

REASONS FOR U.S. ENTRY INTO WWI
• GERMAN SUBMARINES SUNK ALLIED SHIPS
(WARNED ALLIED SHIPPING IN NEWSPAPERS AND
U.S. HAD NO MORATORIUM ON THE WARZONE)
• ILLEGAL BLOCKADE BY GREAT BRITAIN STARVING
MILLIONS OF GERMANS AND AUSTRIANS
• ANTI-GERMAN PROPAGANDA BY GREAT BRITAIN
• ZIMMERMAN TELEGRAM

AMERICA DURING WWI
• WWI BEGAN 1914
• PRESIDENT WILSON PROCLAIMED U.S. NEUTRAL IN 1914
• U.S. DECLARED WAR ON CENTRAL POWERS, 1917
• ALLIES WON WAR, 1918
• WILSON CREATED FOURTEEN POINTS
– LEAGUE OF NATIONS ACCEPTED BY ALLIES
• VERSAILLES TREATY SIGNED, 1919
• U.S. SENATE REJECTED VERSAILLES TREATY
– OBJECTED TO THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS—REFUSED TO SUBJECT
U.S. SOVEREIGNTY
• U.S TURNED TO ISOLATIONISM

1920s
• HENRY FORD AND THE AUTOMOBILE
– MOST AMERICANS CAN BUY CARS
• RADIO AND THE MASS MEDIA
– POPULAR CULTURE
• JAZZ AGE AND HARLEM RENAISSANCE
• PROHIBITION AND ORGANIZED CRIME
– BOOTLEGGERS
– AL CAPONE

WOMEN IN THE 1920’S
• FLAPPERS
– SHORT SKIRTS
– SHORT HAIR
– HEAVY MAKEUP
– SMOKED IN PUBLIC
– DRANK LIQUOR
– REPRESENTED WOMEN'S DESIRE TO BREAK AWAY FROM
TRADITIONAL ROLES

PROHIBITION
• EIGHTEENTH AMENDMENT TOOK EFFECT JAN
16, 1920
• OUTLAWED MANUFACTURE, SALE,
TRANSPORT, EXPORT, AND IMPORT OF
ALCOHOL IN THE UNITED STATES

EFFECTS OF PROHIBITION
• BOOTLEGGERS SUPPLIED ILLEGAL ALCOHOL
– AL CAPONE
– THE PURPLE GANG
• ORGANIZED CRIME SPREADS
• SPEAKEASIES FLOURISHED IN LARGE CITIES

SPORTS HEROES OF THE 1920s
• JACK DEMPSEY
– BOXER
• RED GRANGE
– FOOTBALL
• BABE RUTH
– PLAYED FOR YANKEES
– “SULTAN OF SWAT”

LOST GENERATION
• AMERICAN WRITERS
– GERTRUDE STEIN (SOCIALIST)
– ERNEST HEMMINGWAY (SOCIALIST, COMMITTED
SUICIDE)
– F. SCOTT FITZGERALD (SOCIALIST)
• THE GREAT GATSBY
• BELIEVED THAT THEY WERE LOST IN A GREEDY,
MATERIALISTIC WORLD

HARLEM RENAISSANCE
• LITERARY AWAKENING
• TOOK PLACE IN HARLEM IN 1920’S
• EXPRESSED JOY AND CHALLENGES OF BEING A
BLACK AMERICAN
• WRITERS
– JAMES WELDON JOHNSON
– ZORA NEALE HURSTON
– LANGSTON HUGHES

THE BUSINESS CYCLE
1920-1945
1930’S
1920’S
GREAT DEPRESSION
WWII
1940’s-1970’s

ECONOMIC DANGER SIGNS BEFORE
THE CRASH
• EVERYONE TRIED TO GET RICH
– UNETHICAL BUSINESS STANDARDS
• INCREASED PERSONAL DEBT
– CONSUMER CREDIT
– “BUY NOW! PAY LATER!”
• STOCK SPECULATION
– BUYING ON MARGIN
– “GET-RICH-QUICK!”

ECONOMIC DANGER SIGNS BEFORE
THE CRASH
• OVERPRODUCTION BY FACTORIES AND
FARMERS
– TOO MANY GOODS AND CROPS
– LOWER DEMAND
– FACTORIES SLOWED DOWN PRODUCTION
• WORKERS LOST JOBS
– CROP PRICES FELL
• FARMERS LOST FARMS

EFFECTS OF THE CRASH
• INVESTORS AND BUSINESSES LOST MILLIONS
• THOUSANDS OF BANKS FAILED
• PRODUCTION CUT, THOUSANDS OF WORKERS
LAID OFF
• UNEMPLOYMENT INCREASED-25%
• U.S. ECONOMY CONTRACTED (SHRUNK)
• THE GREAT DEPRESSION BEGAN

EFFECTS OF THE GREAT STOCK
MARKET CRASH
Great
Crash Investors
Businesses
and Workers
Investors
lose millions.
Businesses
lose profits.
Consumer
spending drops.
Workers
are laid
off.
Businesses cut
investment and
production
Some fail.
Banks
Businesses
and workers
cannot repay
bank loans.
Savings
accounts
are wiped
out.
Bank
runs
occur.
Banks
run out of
money
and fail.
World Payments
Overall U.S.
production
plummets.
U.S.
investors
have little or
no money
to invest.
U.S.
investments
in Germany
decline.
German war
payments to
Allies fall off.
Europeans
cannot afford
American
goods.
Allies cannot
pay debts to
United States.

THE ECONOMIC
IMPACT OF THE
GREAT DEPRESSION

CAUSES OF THE
GREAT DEPRESSION
OVER PRODUCTION OF
FACTORIES
SPECULATION AND
CREDIT
UNEVEN WEALTH
BAD BANKING
STOCK
MARKET
CRASH
OVERPRODUCTION BY
FARMERS

EFFECTS OF THE DEPRESSION
• WIDESPREAD POVERTY
• MANY WORKERS
– LOST JOBS
– BECAME HOMELESS
– SOME MOVED INTO
“HOOVERVILLES”

HOOVER
• LOST POPULARITY WITH AMERICANS
• EVERYONE BLAMED HOOVER
• ORDERED ARMY TO DRIVE BONUS MARCHERS
OUT OF WASHINGTON D.C. IN 1932

ELECTION OF 1932
HERBERT HOOVER
VS.
FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT
MANY AMERICANS BLAMED HOOVER AND
THE REPUBLICANS FOR THE DEPRESSION,
LEADING TO THE ELECTION OF DEMOCRAT
FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT

FDR IN ELECTION OF 1932
• PLEDGED “NEW DEAL” FOR AMERICA
• “HAPPY DAYS ARE HERE AGAIN”
• WON ELECTION BY HUGE MARGIN

NEW DEAL PROGRAMS
• CIVILIAN CONSERVATION CORPS, (CCC) 1933
– BENEFITED YOUNG MEN
• PUBLIC WORKS ADMINISTRATION, (PWA) 1933
– GAVE 2 MILLION MALE WORKERS JOBS
• WORKS PROGRESS ADMINISTRATION, (WPA) 1935
– BENEFITED ARTISTS AND WRITERS
• SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION, (SSA) 1935
– BENEFITED ELDERLY AND POOR
• NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD/ WAGNER ACT, (NLRB) 1935
• PROTECTED LABOR UNIONS
• FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT, 1938
• ESTABLISHED THE MINIMUM WAGE
• INDIAN REORGANIZATION ACT, 1935
– REPEALED DAWES ACT
– ALLOWED INDIANS TO GOVERN RESERVATIONS

EFFECTS OF NEW DEAL
• RESTORED A SENSE OF HOPE TO AMERICANS
• MANY “BELIEVED” IT HELPED THE ECONOMY;
IT ACTUALLY PROLONGED THE GREAT
DEPRESSION
• EXPANDED THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
• SKYROCKETED THE NATIONAL DEBT

NEW DEAL AND TENNESSEE
• TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHORITY (TVA)
• CREATED JOBS IN SOUTH
• CONTROLLED FLOODS
• PROVIDED CHEAP ELECTRICITY

WWII
ALLIES
• FRANCE
• GREAT BRITAIN
• SOVIET UNION
• USA (1941)
AXIS
• GERMANY
• ITALY
• JAPAN
VS

KEY TERMS
• DICTATOR
– ONE MAN RULE
• TOTALITARIAN GOVERNMENT
– TOTAL CONTROL OVER A COUNTRY
• FASCISM
– EMPHASIZED IMPORTANCE OF NATION OR ETHNIC GROUP AND
SUPREME LEADER
• NAZISM
– GERMAN FASCISM
– HITLER
– EMPHASIZED THE “MASTER RACE”—LEBENSBORN
– ANTI-SEMITISM (HATRED OF JEWS) LED TO HOLOCAUST

BETWEEN 1939 AND 1941, GERMANY INVADED AND
CONQUERED MUCH OF EUROPE

September, 1939
Germany invades
Poland
December,
1941
Japan attacks
Pearl Harbor
September,
1943
Allies invade
Italy
Allies invade
France
(D-Day)
June, 1944
May, 1945
Germany
surrenders
Germany
occupies
Czechoslovakia
March, 1939
1938
1946
1
2
3 4
5
1. What event started WWII?
2. Who did the Allies fight against in Europe in 1944 and 1945?

MANHATTAN PROJECT
• DEVELOPED ATOM BOMB
• PRESIDENT TRUMAN ORDERED THEM USED
AGAINST JAPAN
• HE WANTED TO END WAR WITH A NEW
POWERFUL WEAPON
• DROPPED ON HIROSHIMA AND NAGASAKI
AUG 1945
• JAPAN SURRENDERED

WWII AND TENNESSEE
• CORDELL HULL (PROGRESSIVE SOCIALIST)
– FDR’S SECRETARY OF STATE DURING WWII
– WON NOBEL PRIZE FOR PEACE
– FATHER OF THE UNITED NATIONS
• FORT CAMPBELL
– BUILT IN 1942
– ARMY TRAINING BASE
– HOME OF THE 101ST AIRBORNE
• OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY
– HELPED DEVELOP ATOMIC BOMB
– MANHATTAN PROJECT

THE COLD WAR
COMPETITION THAT DEVELOPED AFTER WWII BETWEEN THE US
AND USSR FOR POWER AND INFLUENCE AROUND THE WORLD

COLD WAR
• CONFLICT BETWEEN U.S. AND SOVIET UNION
WITH KOREAN, VIETNAM, AND MINOR
EUROPEAN CONFLICTS
• LASTED 45 YEARS FROM 1946-1991
• DEVELOPED INTO NUCLEAR ARMS RACE

THE ARMS RACE
• RACE TO DEVELOP NEW AND MORE POWERFUL
WEAPONS
• NUCLEAR DETERRENCE
– BECOME SO STRONG YOUR ENEMY WILL NOT ATTACK
YOU
– HYDROGEN BOMBS
– MISSILES
• BRINKMANSHIP
– GET TO THE EDGE OF ATOMIC WAR AND THEN BACK
AWAY

U.S CONTAINMENT OF COMMUNISM
• BERLIN AIRLIFT, 1948
• KOREAN WAR, 1950-1951
• BERLIN WALL CRISIS, 1961
• CUBA
– BAY OF PIGS INVASION, 1961
– MISSILE CRISIS, 1962
– BRINKMANSHIP (playing chess with nuclear weapons)
– PEACEFUL COEXISTENCE (living together with nuclear
weapons)
• VIETNAM WAR, 1965 - 1973

JFK AND THE COLD WAR
• TENSIONS BETWEEN THE U.S AND SOVIET UNION
INCREASED
– BAY OF PIGS INVASION, 1961
• US WANTED TO OVERTHROW CASTRO
– CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS, 1962
• SOVIETS TRIED TO PUT NUCLEAR MISSILES ON CUBA
• BRINKMANSHIP WITH NUCLEAR WEAPONS
• AFTERWARDS THE U.S. AND U.S.S.R. FOLLOWED A POLICY OF
PEACEFUL COEXISTENCE

THE MCCARTHY ERA
1950-1954
• SENATOR JOSEPH MCCARTHY
• ACCUSED COMMUNISTS OF TRYING TO
OVERTHROW U.S. GOVERNMENT
• CALLED SUSPECTED COMMUNIST TO TESTIFY
IN SENATE
–HEARINGS TELEVISED
–BULLIED WITNESSES
–PROGRESSIVES IN GOV’T AND MEDIA TRIED TO
DISCREDIT HIM

SUBURBS AND HIGHWAYS
• SUBURBS GROW
– W.J. LEVITT MASS PRODUCED HOMES IN THE
SUBURBS
– GI BILL ALLOWED MANY VETERANS TO BUY HOMES
• CARS AND HIGHWAYS
– CARS AND BABY BOOM HELPED SUBURBS GROW
– INTERSTATE HIGHWAY ACT (1956) CREATED
INTERSTATE HIGHWAYS

AMERICA IN THE 50s
• MOST AMERICANS VALUED CONFORMITY AND
TRADITION OVER INDIVIDUALITY
• CONFORMITY:
– FOLLOW THE RULES
– LOOK AND ACT LIKE EVERYONE ELSE
• MEDIA PROMOTED CLEAN CUT TEEN IMAGE

EFFECT OF MASS MEDIA
IN THE U.S.
• CREATED POPULAR CULTURE
• BROUGHT AMERICA CLOSER TOGETHER
–MOVIES
–NEWSPAPERS AND MAGAZINE
–RADIO
–TELEVISION

SOME QUESTIONED CONFORMITY
• BETTY FREIDAN WROTE THE FEMININE MYSTIQUE
– SAID WOMEN WANTED MORE CHOICES
• ROCK AND ROLL MUSIC
– ELVIS PRESLEY, CHUCK BERRY
– SOME YOUNG PEOPLE WANTED THEIR OWN STYLE
• BEATNIKS
– CHALLENGED TRADITION
– SHOCKED MANY AMERICANS WITH THEIR CRAZY LIFESTYLE
– STARTED THE COUNTERCULTURE

TENNESSEE AND THE MUSIC INDUSTRY
• NASHVILLE AND COUNTRY
MUSIC
– GRAND OLE OPRY
– WSM RADIO
– MUSIC INDUSTRY
• ELVIS PRESLEY AND MEMPHIS
– SUN RECORDING STUDIO
– GRACELAND

SPACE RACE
• BEGAN AFTER SPUTNIK LAUNCH
– COMPETITION IN SPACE EXPLORATION AND
SCIENCE
– SOVIETS GAINED EDGE AT FIRST
• NASA FORMED TO WIN SPACE RACE

CLINTON, TN: PROBLEMS SURFACE AFTER
COURT-MANDATED DESEGREGATION IN 1956
THE CLINTON DESEGREGATION
LAWSUIT ACTUALLY PREDATED
THE BROWN V. BOARD OF
EDUCATION CASE

CIVIL RIGHTS MILESTONES
• 1947- JACKIE ROBINSON INTEGRATED MAJOR
LEAGUE BASEBALL
• 1954- BROWN V. BOARD OF EDUCATION ENDS
SEGREGATED SCHOOLS
• 1956- MLK LEADS MONTGOMERY BUS BOYCOTT
• 1956 – VIOLENCE ERUPTS IN CLINTON, TN IN
ATTEMPT TO DESEGREGATE SCHOOLS
• 1957- PRESIDENT EISENHOWER SENT TROOPS TO
LITTLE ROCK, AR TO INTEGRATE SCHOOLS

CIVIL RIGHTS MILESTONES
• 1960 – SIT INS AT LUNCH COUNTERS
• 1961 – FREEDOM RIDES ACROSS THE SOUTH
• 1963 – BIRMINGHAM PROTESTS AND
BOMBINGS
• 1963 - MARCH ON WASHINGTON (MLK
SPEECH)
• 1964 – CIVIL RIGHTS LAW PASSED

CIVIL RIGHTS LEADERS
• MLK - SCLC
• DIANE NASH – SNCC (NASHVILLE ,FISK, SIT-
INS, FREEDOM RIDE)
• JOHN LEWIS - SNCC (NASHVILLE ,FISK, SIT-INS,
FREEDOM RIDE)
• STOKELY CARMICHAEL - SNCC (BLACK POWER)
• MALCOM X - NATION OF ISLAM

AGAINST
INTEGRATION
GEORGE WALLACE
ORVAL
FAUBUS
BULL
CONNOR
STROM
THURMAN

August, 1964
Gulf of Tonkin
Resolution passed
January, 1968
Tet Offensive
began
U.S. & North
Vietnam sign
cease-fire
January, 1973
April, 1975
South Vietnam
Falls
Geneva Accords
divided Vietnam
into North and
South, 1954
1953
1976
1
2 4
53
First U.S. combat
troops arrive in
Vietnam
1965
1. Why did the U.S. get involved in Vietnam during this period?
2. How did the war affect the U.S. home front?

KEY WATERGATE FIGURES
• HOWARD BAKER AND
SAM ERVIN
• WOODWARD AND
BERNSTEIN
• DEAN, HALDERMAN
• LIDDY AND MCCORD
• COX AND JAWORSKI
• SENATORS
(CONGRESSIONAL INVESTIGATORS)
• REPORTERS (MEDIA)
• ADMINISTRATION (STAFF)
• PLUMBERS (BREAK-IN)
• SPECIAL PROSECUTORS

ENTREPRENEURS OF
LATE 1900s QUIZ
• Sam Walton
• Ray Kroc
• Lee Iococca
• Donald Trump
• Jeff Bezos
• Bill Gates
• Steve Jobs
• Apple /McIntosh
• McDonalds
• Chrysler
• Amazon.com
• Walmart
• Microsoft
• Real Estate

REAGAN & BUSH v. CLINTON
REAGAN & BUSH
• 1980-1993
• REPUBLICANS
• CONSERVATIVES
• WANTED SMALLER
GOVERNMENT
• MILITARY BUILD UP
ENDED COLD WAR
• PEACE THROUGH
STRENGTH
CLINTON
• 1993-2001
• DEMOCRAT
• PROGRESSIVE
• REPUBLICAN CONGRESS
BALANCED BUDGET
• STRONG ECONOMY
• FOUGHT WITH
CONGRESS
• MONICA SCANDAL

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