This document discusses environmental education in the Philippines. It defines environmental education as contextualizing environmental issues within the various contexts of the Philippines. The objectives are to improve learners' awareness, knowledge, attitudes, skills and participation in solving environmental problems. Environmental education should be action-oriented, experiential, future-oriented, holistic, interdisciplinary, and issue-oriented. It then discusses various environmental problems in the Philippines and different ecosystems in the country, including agricultural, coral reef, freshwater, forest, mangrove, seagrass, and urban ecosystems. It also covers various types of pollution like air, water, land and noise pollution.

1. Environmental
Education
Kate Hydn P. Nantes

2. Definition
• Is
contextualizing
environmental
issues within the physical. Biological,
social, economic, historical, and
cultural
imperatives
of
the
Philippines.

3. Objectives
• Environmental education can be
attained in terms of the learners’
awareness, knowledge, attitudes, skills
and participation in the resolution of
environmental problems, issues and
concerns.

4. Environmental education must be:
1. Action oriented. It should involve
oriented
finding solutions to real
environmental problems and issues;
2. Experiential. It should use variety of
approaches and environments;
3. Future-oriented . It must be
concerned with the present and the
future.

5. 5. Holistic. It must deal with the
natural and man-made aspects of the
environment.
6. Interdisciplinary. It must relate to all
disciplines; and
7. Issue-oriented. It must deal with
local, regional, national, and global
perspectives.

6. Environmental Problems, Issues,
and Concerns in the Community
Environmental problems in developed
and developing countries worldwide are
among the most important concerns
facing people and their governments.
These problems include population
growth;
poverty;
deforestation;
pollution of water, air, and soils; waste
disposal; and loss of species.

7. Ecosystems in
the Philippines

8. Biodiversity in the Philippines is
unique. This means many of the life
form that are found in our country are
found nowhere else in the world. A key
to understanding this uniqueness is the
knowledge of the habitats ecosystems
where these plants and animals are
located.

9. AGRICULTURAL ECOSYSTEM
 Agricultural is said to be the
“backbone” of our
country’s economy since the most Filipinos depend
on farming. Natural farming and tilling of the land
or soil is more recommendable than using high
yielding varieties because it can preserve the
environmental ecosystem. Using chemicals and
fertilizers threatens the soils’ ability to recycle
nutrients and good materials for plants. Killing the
healthy soil, they also burden the farmers because of
expensive cost.

10. CORAL REEF SYSTEM
 Philippines
has some of the richest and
most diverse coral reefs in the world. If left
disturbed, the animal populations of the reef
will increase in number. The reef ’s provides
recreation and tourism opportunities due its
magnificent beauty. Taking good care of the
coral reef ecosystem is essential.

11. FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEM
Water is life. All living creatures depend on it.
Clean water means clean ecosystem as a whole.
Once a body of water is polluted, the living things
within will die and those which or who depend on
them will also be affected. Human beings will also
suffer because of their life depends on water;
drinking, bathing, washing clothes and other
cleaning activities.

12. FOREST ECOSYSTEM
 A
healthy forest ecosystem is “productive”.
Productivity means efficient use of the natural
resources or materials available in the system
without external inputs ad without leaving behind
any harmful effects . The importance of ecosystem
are:
1. They are habitats for diverse species.
2. Provide raw materials for pharmaceutical products.
3. Provide raw materials for breeding higher-yielding
strains.

13. MARGINAL ECOSYSTEM
 Are people-induced ecosystems. Usually
occurring in the circumference of other
ecosystems, these are converted systems of
forests, cropland, and coastal areas.

14. MANGROVE ECOSYSTEM
 Are located in saltfish
water and muddy
portions of the coastline
where the
freshwater from the rivers and saline water
from seas meet. It provide food and shelter
to various marine organisms from its prop
roots.

15. SEAGRASS ECOSYSTEM
 Are called the meadows of the sea. They are
the source of food for plant-eating animals
such as seacows or dugong, sea urchins,
turtles, and other fishes.
 The shady effect of seagrass protects the
organisms from strong
sunlight and
temperature and salinity fluctuations. It also
acts as nurseries for the very young fishes
and ensure the sustainability of fish product.

16. SOFTBOTTOM ECOSYTEM

17. URBAN ECOSYSTEMS
 Refers to the loci of human activities.

18. POLLUT
ION

19. • Defined as the alteration of our
surroundings, wholly largely as a
product of man’s action, though direct
or indirect effects of changes in every
pattern of chemical and physical
constituent of organisms.

20. Classification
and Sources of
Pollution

21. Air Pollution
Is defined as physical and chemical
alteration of the properties of air, which
is harmful to human health, vegetation
and animal.

22. Major Types of Air Pollution
a. Outdoor Pollution is a type of pollution
derived from the mixture or collection of
additional loads of chemicals produced
by
natural
components
of
the
atmosphere, thereby, producing harmful
effects to living.

23. Sources of Outdoor Pollution
• Burning of fossil fuel for power
consumption
• Photochemical and industrial smog
• Volcanic eruptions
• Forest fire

24. b. Indoor Air Pollution a type of
pollution
derived
from
the
accumulation or build up of
chemicals inside the office, building,
houses, school, commercial store
and are harmful to health.

25. Effects of Air pollution
 Air pollution is responsible for major
health effects.
Damage of Human Health
 Lung cancer
 Chronic bronchitis
 Depletion of ozone layer
 Damage of plants that lead to
dehydration
and
inhibition
of
photosynthesis

26. Air Pollution - Solutions
2 Types of Air Pollution Control
oInput Control, involves preventing a
problem before it occurs, or at least
limiting
the effects the process will
produce.

27. 5 Major Input Control Methods
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Restrict population growth
Use less energy
Improve energy deficiency
Reduce waste and
Move to non-polluting renewable
forms of energy production.

28. o Output Control, this method of
control seeks to fix the
problems
caused
by
air
pollution.

29. The Clean Air Act (Taken from the Primer
on the Clean Air Act of DENR)
• Republic Act No. 8749 known as the
PHILIPPINE CLEAN AIR ACT, is a
comprehensive air quality management
policy and program that aims to
achieve and maintain healthy air for all
Filipinos.

30. Water Pollution
• The physical or chemical change in
the surface and ground of water
caused by pollutants that affect
living organisms.

31. a. Major sources of water pollution
Point source – a source of pollution that
discharges pollutants into bodies of
water to specific location.
Non-Point source – a source of pollution
that are widely scattered and discharges
pollutants over a large sea.

32. b. Water pollution-causes
Dumping of sewage
Garbage
Sludge
Toxic waste from houses, industries
and even government.

33. Land Pollution
• Refers to the presence of any solid
waste in the land that is injurious to the
health of human beings, animals and
other living organisms. Solid waste
takes
up
space
and
produces
unpleasant smell.

34. Causes
Overpopulation
Overproduction of non-biodegradable
materials
Medical waste
Household waste

35. Solid waste and Its Disposal
• Landfills, designed to reduce the
amount of waste that leaks out into the
environment.
• Incineration, the process of reducing
solid waste by burning it first.
• Ocean Dumping, discharge of waste in
the ocean

36. Nature Biodegradable waste
and Non-biodegradable
• Biodegradable waste, compostable and
waste
can be reused as feeds, fermentable,
fuel and fertilizers.
• Non-biodegradable waste, they factory
waste
returnable and can serve as potential
sources of livelihood projects.

37. 4r’s
1. Reduce, avoid wasteful consumption
goods.
2. Reuse, items that are useful instead of
throwing them away
3. Recycle,
the
process
whereby
portions of these waste are sorted out
and used for something of benefit.
4. Repair, reusable items to make them
functional rather than throwing them.

38. Noise Pollution
• is the disturbing or excessive noise that
may harm the activity or balance of human
or animal life.