The term Ecological Distribution Conflicts (EDCs) was coined by Martinez Alier and Martin O Connor in 1996 to describe social conflicts born from the unfair access to natural resources and the unjust burdens of pollution. Environmental benefits and costs are distributed in a way that causes conflicts. Conflict on nature which harms the biological environment has increased in frequency and intensity of India. This manifest themselves as political, social, economic, ethnic, religious or territorial conflicts or conflicts over resources or natural interests or any other type of conflict. They are traditional conflicts induced by an environmental degradation. The paper focus on how environmental conflict challenges on the contemporary environmental issue. This paper aim to rethink ecosystem conservation perspective and can draw special attention to have our capacity building on ecological system sustainable. Mohon Rongphar"Environmental and Ecological Conflicts of India: A Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-3 , April 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd11515.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/11515/environmental-and-ecological-conflicts-of-india-a-review/mohon-rongphar
The Relationship Between Natural Resources and Sustainable Development IJSRP Journal
The sustainable development aims at raising the societies' standard of living by means of fulfilling the basic needs from the product the economic resources generated, particularly; the natural resources. These resources, by its nature; is limited and scarce and fall short in meeting all human needs at the same time, accordingly; the importance of optimal and fair use of natural resources in a way that satisfies the needs of the current generation, without affecting the needs of the generation to come. This could be achieved by good and rationalized planning in using natural resources to realize the sustainable development, taking into account the economic, environmental, and social dimensions. The most significant challenges the sustainable development encounters is the excessive exhaustion of using natural resources resultant out of lack of awareness in terms of scarcity of these resources and their importance in development. We recommend that the existing natural resources to be maintained, and other energy resourcesto be foundand usedusedduring the exceptional circumstance. Further, the awareness related to the rationalized use of natural resources should be outspread.
The debate of development Vs environment. The birth and growth of the concept of Sustainable Development with special emphasis on and examples from India
this presentation is about the sustainability of the environment and techniques we can use to preserve our Environment for future generation along with statistics.
The Relationship Between Natural Resources and Sustainable Development IJSRP Journal
The sustainable development aims at raising the societies' standard of living by means of fulfilling the basic needs from the product the economic resources generated, particularly; the natural resources. These resources, by its nature; is limited and scarce and fall short in meeting all human needs at the same time, accordingly; the importance of optimal and fair use of natural resources in a way that satisfies the needs of the current generation, without affecting the needs of the generation to come. This could be achieved by good and rationalized planning in using natural resources to realize the sustainable development, taking into account the economic, environmental, and social dimensions. The most significant challenges the sustainable development encounters is the excessive exhaustion of using natural resources resultant out of lack of awareness in terms of scarcity of these resources and their importance in development. We recommend that the existing natural resources to be maintained, and other energy resourcesto be foundand usedusedduring the exceptional circumstance. Further, the awareness related to the rationalized use of natural resources should be outspread.
The debate of development Vs environment. The birth and growth of the concept of Sustainable Development with special emphasis on and examples from India
this presentation is about the sustainability of the environment and techniques we can use to preserve our Environment for future generation along with statistics.
Sustainability and wise use of natural resources.. Are we compromisingTapas Ghatak
The anxiety is mounting about our process and ability to achieve sustainability, that is, our greed to meet our present needs while ensuring that future generations will be able to meet their needs.
Sustainable utilization and conservation of plant biodiversity in montane eco...Shujaul Mulk Khan
Background Conservation of the unique biodiversity of mountain ecosystems needs trans-disciplinary approaches to succeed in a crowded colloquial world. Geographers, conservationists, ecologists and social scientists have, in the past, had the same conservation goals but have tended to work independently. In this review, the need to integrate different conservation criteria and methodologies is discussed. New criteria are offered for prioritizing species and habitats for conservation in montane ecosystems that combine both ecological and social data.
Scope Ecological attributes of plant species, analysed through robust community statistical packages, provide unbiased classifications of species assemblages and environmental biodiversity gradients and yield importance value indices (IVIs). Surveys of local communities’ utilization of the vegetation provides use values (UVs). This review suggests a new means of assessing anthropogenic pressure on plant biodiversity at both species and community levels by integrating IVI and UV data sets in a combined analysis.
Conclusions Mountain ecosystems are hot spots for plant conservation efforts because they hold a high overall plant diversity as communities replace each other along altitudinal and climatic gradients, including a high proportion of endemic species. This review contributes an enhanced understanding of (1) plant diversity in mountain ecosystems with special reference to the western Himalayas; (2) ethnobotanical and ecosystem service values of mountain vegetation within the context of anthropogenic impacts; and (3) local and regional plant conservation strategies and priorities.
Sustainability Criteria and Indicators.
Need for Sustainable Livelihoods for India.
Livelihood Assets.
Case of a Landless Female Agriculture Labour.
The Sustainable Livelihoods Framework.
Sustainability in Business
“Sustainability should be a touchstone for all innovation …In the future, only companies that make sustainability a goal will achieve competitive advantage. That means rethinking business models as well as products, technologies, and processes.”
Businesses employing Sustainable Management and Strategy .
Sustainability issues and impacts in Business.
Integrating natural and built environment for sustainable developmentSandeep Kumar
Integrating natural and built environment for sustainable development.
Sustainability is an extremely important direction, and our future depends on it as we have only one earth to live on which is under threat because of haphazard development all over world.
There are three major issues related with modern living:
Depletion of fossil fuels.
Climate change due to CO2 emissions.
Reducing availability and increasing cost of Water and Energy.
Environmental Compliance for Sustainable DevelopmentRajat Seth
Report on Law for Environmental Compliance for Sustainable Development
How the concept of Sustainable Development evolved in India
pain areas regarding sustainable development
Determinants of Households Willingness to Pay for Conservation of Natural Koo...AI Publications
Most natural resources or environmental goods and services are exposed to degradation, society over utilize them for only their current benefits without thinking the future life span of these resources. The study analyzed determinants of households’ willingness to pay for conservation of natural Kool water (Burie Kool Wuha, W/Gojjam, Ethiopia). The contingent valuation method and Heckman two step model was employed. The results indicates that sex of the household head, education of the household, value attached to the resource by households as source of income, value attached to the resource by households reserving for future generation and wealth of the households has a significant and positive correlation with households WTP, and family size of households, education of the household and wealth of the households has a significant and positive correlation with the households payment levels. On the other hand, initial bid value has a negative correlation with the level of payments. Therefore, by taking the importance of the resource for the society and the households WTP, the policy makers need to focus on identified factors in designing strategies for the conservation of the resource.
Isaiah Ochieng Abillah
Doctor of Philosophy in Development Studies, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Murang‟a University of
Technology, Kenya
Abstract: Wetlands, all over the world, offer many livelihood support services to riparian communities and beyond
but are currently severely threatened with decimation. In Murang’a County, Kenya, wetlands are a key life
support system for many communities but their survival is currently uncertain due to extensive encroachment,
filling up, pollution and weak legislation. Our study aimed at investigating the impact of riparian community’s
livelihood strategies on wetlands conservation and restoration in Murang’a County, Kenya. Data was collected in
4-sub counties of the County using household’s survey questionnaires, key informant interviews, and focus group
discussion. A randomly selected sample of 404 respondents were recruited for the study. Data was analyzed using
SPSS software version 26.0. Results showed an encroachment rate into the wetlands by the riparian communities
of 60.4%. A highly significant and positive correlation was obtained between livelihood strategies and impacts on
wetlands ((r=0.184, p value =0.001). Members of the riparian communities were poorly informed about the roles of
wetlands, with 70% unaware of any wetland’s conservation efforts. A whopping 73.7% had not participated in any
wetland conservation effort. Hence, there is need for community sensitization and empowerment on wetlands wise
use as well as sustainable wetland utilization, conservation and management.
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Globally, wetlands cover about 6% of the 5.7 million km2 of the Earth‟s surface and they support millions of livelihoods
as they act as „‟water banks‟‟ where water may be drawn and ground water replenished (Millennium Ecosystem
Assessment, 2005). Wetlands are as old as the Earth itself. By 20th century, the increased use of wetlands attracted the
attention of the world and a global meeting was held in Iran on 2nd February, 1971 to discuss wise use and conservation
of lands that were wet (wetlands), the meeting was named the Ramsar Convention and it has been the foundation of
wetlands conservation (Ramsar, 2017).
Wetlands have been places of interest since civilization as many towns and cities are built along the blue economy. They
have also served as transport corridors, source of wildlife, fish and seeds (Fisher, K. and Morling, P.). However, due to
population pressure, wetlands have been encroached into and converted to different agricultural land use and degraded
Davidson, C. (2014), observes that 87% of the world‟s wetlands have been lost since 1700 AD as a result of human
activities.
In the Kenyan economy, Lakes such as Lake Naivasha contributes 5.3 billion and over 30,000 people draw their
livelihoods from wetlands ecosystem but due to climate change, these lakes are contemporarily facing rising water levels
which in turn affects ...
Sustainability and wise use of natural resources.. Are we compromisingTapas Ghatak
The anxiety is mounting about our process and ability to achieve sustainability, that is, our greed to meet our present needs while ensuring that future generations will be able to meet their needs.
Sustainable utilization and conservation of plant biodiversity in montane eco...Shujaul Mulk Khan
Background Conservation of the unique biodiversity of mountain ecosystems needs trans-disciplinary approaches to succeed in a crowded colloquial world. Geographers, conservationists, ecologists and social scientists have, in the past, had the same conservation goals but have tended to work independently. In this review, the need to integrate different conservation criteria and methodologies is discussed. New criteria are offered for prioritizing species and habitats for conservation in montane ecosystems that combine both ecological and social data.
Scope Ecological attributes of plant species, analysed through robust community statistical packages, provide unbiased classifications of species assemblages and environmental biodiversity gradients and yield importance value indices (IVIs). Surveys of local communities’ utilization of the vegetation provides use values (UVs). This review suggests a new means of assessing anthropogenic pressure on plant biodiversity at both species and community levels by integrating IVI and UV data sets in a combined analysis.
Conclusions Mountain ecosystems are hot spots for plant conservation efforts because they hold a high overall plant diversity as communities replace each other along altitudinal and climatic gradients, including a high proportion of endemic species. This review contributes an enhanced understanding of (1) plant diversity in mountain ecosystems with special reference to the western Himalayas; (2) ethnobotanical and ecosystem service values of mountain vegetation within the context of anthropogenic impacts; and (3) local and regional plant conservation strategies and priorities.
Sustainability Criteria and Indicators.
Need for Sustainable Livelihoods for India.
Livelihood Assets.
Case of a Landless Female Agriculture Labour.
The Sustainable Livelihoods Framework.
Sustainability in Business
“Sustainability should be a touchstone for all innovation …In the future, only companies that make sustainability a goal will achieve competitive advantage. That means rethinking business models as well as products, technologies, and processes.”
Businesses employing Sustainable Management and Strategy .
Sustainability issues and impacts in Business.
Integrating natural and built environment for sustainable developmentSandeep Kumar
Integrating natural and built environment for sustainable development.
Sustainability is an extremely important direction, and our future depends on it as we have only one earth to live on which is under threat because of haphazard development all over world.
There are three major issues related with modern living:
Depletion of fossil fuels.
Climate change due to CO2 emissions.
Reducing availability and increasing cost of Water and Energy.
Environmental Compliance for Sustainable DevelopmentRajat Seth
Report on Law for Environmental Compliance for Sustainable Development
How the concept of Sustainable Development evolved in India
pain areas regarding sustainable development
Determinants of Households Willingness to Pay for Conservation of Natural Koo...AI Publications
Most natural resources or environmental goods and services are exposed to degradation, society over utilize them for only their current benefits without thinking the future life span of these resources. The study analyzed determinants of households’ willingness to pay for conservation of natural Kool water (Burie Kool Wuha, W/Gojjam, Ethiopia). The contingent valuation method and Heckman two step model was employed. The results indicates that sex of the household head, education of the household, value attached to the resource by households as source of income, value attached to the resource by households reserving for future generation and wealth of the households has a significant and positive correlation with households WTP, and family size of households, education of the household and wealth of the households has a significant and positive correlation with the households payment levels. On the other hand, initial bid value has a negative correlation with the level of payments. Therefore, by taking the importance of the resource for the society and the households WTP, the policy makers need to focus on identified factors in designing strategies for the conservation of the resource.
Isaiah Ochieng Abillah
Doctor of Philosophy in Development Studies, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Murang‟a University of
Technology, Kenya
Abstract: Wetlands, all over the world, offer many livelihood support services to riparian communities and beyond
but are currently severely threatened with decimation. In Murang’a County, Kenya, wetlands are a key life
support system for many communities but their survival is currently uncertain due to extensive encroachment,
filling up, pollution and weak legislation. Our study aimed at investigating the impact of riparian community’s
livelihood strategies on wetlands conservation and restoration in Murang’a County, Kenya. Data was collected in
4-sub counties of the County using household’s survey questionnaires, key informant interviews, and focus group
discussion. A randomly selected sample of 404 respondents were recruited for the study. Data was analyzed using
SPSS software version 26.0. Results showed an encroachment rate into the wetlands by the riparian communities
of 60.4%. A highly significant and positive correlation was obtained between livelihood strategies and impacts on
wetlands ((r=0.184, p value =0.001). Members of the riparian communities were poorly informed about the roles of
wetlands, with 70% unaware of any wetland’s conservation efforts. A whopping 73.7% had not participated in any
wetland conservation effort. Hence, there is need for community sensitization and empowerment on wetlands wise
use as well as sustainable wetland utilization, conservation and management.
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Globally, wetlands cover about 6% of the 5.7 million km2 of the Earth‟s surface and they support millions of livelihoods
as they act as „‟water banks‟‟ where water may be drawn and ground water replenished (Millennium Ecosystem
Assessment, 2005). Wetlands are as old as the Earth itself. By 20th century, the increased use of wetlands attracted the
attention of the world and a global meeting was held in Iran on 2nd February, 1971 to discuss wise use and conservation
of lands that were wet (wetlands), the meeting was named the Ramsar Convention and it has been the foundation of
wetlands conservation (Ramsar, 2017).
Wetlands have been places of interest since civilization as many towns and cities are built along the blue economy. They
have also served as transport corridors, source of wildlife, fish and seeds (Fisher, K. and Morling, P.). However, due to
population pressure, wetlands have been encroached into and converted to different agricultural land use and degraded
Davidson, C. (2014), observes that 87% of the world‟s wetlands have been lost since 1700 AD as a result of human
activities.
In the Kenyan economy, Lakes such as Lake Naivasha contributes 5.3 billion and over 30,000 people draw their
livelihoods from wetlands ecosystem but due to climate change, these lakes are contemporarily facing rising water levels
which in turn affects ...
sustainable development & the water, energy food security nexus is discussed. The content throws light on sustainable development : Effects on the livelihood of common man.
The World Water Week from 26th - 31st 2018 event concluded yesterday. As like every year, it was organized by Stockholm International Water Institute (SIWI). It highlighted water as a critical resource. It emphasized nature based solutions as way forward towards resolving water issues. This year the theme was – “Water, Ecosystems and Human Development”. Be it with regard to water shortage, water quality, water issues in extreme weather events - floods, water has been the most pressing issue and challenging resource that needs to be addressed. Healthy ecosystems allow plant and animal life to thrive and strive and offer multitude of benefits for human development and all these work together as microcosm in itself and for developing synergy, work in co-operation during trans-boundary conflicts with regard to water, water governance strengthening, and equitable access to clean water.
Management of natural resources refers to the plan of action related to renewable and non renewable resources. Natural resources like land, soil, water, plants and animals are affected by global warming, overpopulation, industrial expansion and other related reasons. Following are the reasons why the management of natural resources is important 1. To maintain a balance in the ecosystem.2. To avoid further destruction of the environment.3. To avoid over consumption of natural resources.Following are the 3 Rs of waste management 1. Reduce2. Reuse1. Recycle Dr. Sonal G. Bairagi "Natural Resource Management (NRM)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-6 , October 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd51827.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/51827/natural-resource-management-nrm/dr-sonal-g-bairagi
Environmental Protection Agency Essay
The Protection Of The Environment
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EPA: The Five Most Important Environmental Issues
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Environmental conservation Essay example
Environmental Protection Law – An Act to Improve the Quality of EnvironmentArul Edison
Environmental degradation in India has been caused by a variety of social, economic, institutional and technological factors. Rapidly growing population, urbanization and industrial activities have all resulted in considerable deterioration in the quality and sustainability of the environment. Environmental ethics have also formed an inherent part of Indian religious precepts and philosophy. Environmental protection is a practice of protecting the natural environment on individual, organizational or governmental levels, for the benefit of both the natural environment and humans. The Objectives of study is to understand the basic principles of the Act such as To co-ordinate the activities of the various regulatory agencies already in existence, Creation of an authority or authorities with adequate powers for environmental protection, Regulation of discharge of environmental pollutants and handling of hazardous substance, Speedy response in the event of accidents threatening environmental and deterrents punishment to those who endanger human environment, safety and health. Acts are enforced in the country, but their implement is not so easy. The reason is their implementation needs great resources, technical expertise, political and social will. Again the people are to be made aware of these rules.
Environmental Sociology deals with the interactions between societies and their environments. It focuses on the social dimensions of either the natural environment or the human built environment with the aim to investigate the human, economic, and political causes of climate change, as well as the effects climate change has on many aspects of social life, like behavior, culture, values, and the economic health of populations experiencing its effects. The environmental problems caused by social factors which negatively impacts the society need all efforts to solve, and as well as the consideration for environmental ethics, which will border on moral and ethical relationship of human beings to the environment. This paper provides an introduction on environmental sociology, and discusses its impact on humanity and solutions. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Sarhan M. Musa "Environmental Sociology: An Introduction" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-6 , December 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd61270.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/sociology/61270/environmental-sociology-an-introduction/paul-a-adekunte
Stakeholder Participation in Water Resource Management Drop of Lifeijtsrd
Water resources are threatened both nationally and globally due to anthropogenic activities. This puts at risk the realization of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. It is for this reason that sustainable water resource management forms part of the key global development concerns. The present study sought the participation of community as well as stakeholders in management in Kipkelion West Sub County within Kericho County in Kenya. Descriptive research design was used in this study. The study population comprised of households and water management agencies within Kipkelion West Sub County. About 394 households were randomly sampled for the study while purposive sampling technique was used in selecting 10 key informants for interviews. The study area was in Kipkelion West Sub County within Kericho County in Kenya. Household questionnaires and interview guides were used in the data collection. Although the use of water resources was found to be communal in nature, the management was left in the hands of the resource owners and water other water resources management stakeholders. The main stakeholders in the water resource management in the study area were found to be the County Government of Kericho, Water Resources Authority WRA and Kericho Water and Sanitation Company KEWASCO . These stakeholders were found to be working consultatively to manage the water resources in Kipkelion West Sub County. Chepngetich Doreen | Sitienei Anne "Stakeholder Participation in Water Resource Management: Drop of Life" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-3 , June 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/papers/ijtsrd56374.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/humanities-and-the-arts/environmental-science/56374/stakeholder-participation-in-water-resource-management-drop-of-life/chepngetich-doreen
A Meta Analysis on Review of Studies on Water Managementijtsrd
"Water is one of the most important resources available on this earth that has an influence on human activities. All important aspects such as agriculture, industry, day to day life is dependent on water. It is the most important factor for survival of life on this earth. As such it becomes imperative that we find out what is the status of various studies that have been conducted on various aspects of water management.The present paper is an attempt to summarise various aspects of issues involved with use and consumption of water and studies involved therein. It focuses on theoretical concepts like definition of water management, compounding of water as well as actual practices of water management in various parts of the world. Prof Anuradha Gaikwad | Dr S. D. Kadam ""A Meta-Analysis on Review of Studies on Water Management"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Special Issue | Fostering Innovation, Integration and Inclusion Through Interdisciplinary Practices in Management , March 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23081.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/strategic-management/23081/a-meta-analysis-on-review-of-studies-on-water-management/prof-anuradha-gaikwad"
Environmental studies and disaster management notes AFOR5221ISHAN DEWANGAN
1. Multidisciplinary Nature Of Environmental Studies: Definition, Scope And
Importance
2. Natural Resources: Renewable and Non-Renewable Resources, Natural Resources
and Associated Problems.
A) Forest Resources: Use and Over Exploitation, Deforestation, Case Studies
Timber Extraction, Mining, Dams And Their Effect On Forest And Tribal People.
B) Water Resources: Use and Over Utilization of Surface and Ground Water,
Floods, Drought, Conflicts Over Water, Dams- Benefits and Problems.
C)Mineral Resources: Use and Exploitation, Environmental Effects of Extracting
and Using Mineral Resources, Case Studies.
3. D) Food Resources: World Food Problems, Changes Caused by Agriculture and
Overgrazing, Effects of Modern Agriculture, Fertilizer Pesticide Problems, Water
Logging, Salinity, Case Studies.
E) Energy Resources: Growing Energy Needs, Renewable and Non-Renewable
Energy Sources, Use of Alternate Energy Sources. Case Studies
F) Land Resources: Land as A Resource, Land Degradation, Man Induced
Landslides, Soil Erosion and Desertification. Role Of an Individual in Conservation
of Natural Resources. Equitable Use of Resources for Sustainable Lifestyles.
4. Ecosystems: Concept of An Ecosystems, Structure and Function of An Ecosystems,
Producers, Consumers and Decomposers, Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
5. Ecological Succession, Food Chains, Food Webs, And Ecological Pyramids.
Introduction, Types, Characteristic Features
6. Structure and Function of The Following Ecosystem: A. Forest Ecosystems B.
Grassland Ecosystems C. Desert Ecosystems D. Aquatic Ecosystems (Ponds,
Streams, Lakes, Rivers, Oceans, Estuaries)
7. Biodiversity and Its Conservation: Introduction, Definition, Genetic, Species &
Ecosystem and Diversity and Biogeographical Classification of India. Value Of
Biodiversity: Consumptive Use, Predictive Use, Social, Ethical, Aesthetic And Option
Values. Biodiversity At Global, National and Local Levels, India as A Mega- Diversity
Nation. Hotspots Of Biodiversity.
8. Threats to Biodiversity: Habitat Loss, Poaching of Wildlife, Man- Wildlife Conflicts.
Endangered And Endemic Species of India. Conservation Of Biodiversity:
In-Situ and Ex-Situ Conservation of Biodiversity.
9. Environmental Pollution: Definition, Causes, Effects And Control Measures Of Air,
Water, Soil, Marine, Noise, Thermal Pollution, Nuclear Hazards. Solid Waste
Management: Causes, Effects and Control Measure of Urban and Industrial Wastes.
Role Of Individual in Prevention of Pollution.
10. Social Issues and Environment: From Unsustainable to Sustainable Development,
Urban Problems Related to Energy, Water Conservation, Rain Water Harvesting,
Watershed Management Environmental Ethics: Issues and Possible Solutions,
Climate Change, Global Warming, Acid Rains, Ozone Layer Depletion, Nuclear
Accidents and Holocaust. Dies, Wasteland Reclamation. Consumerism And Waste
Products. Etc.
All syllabus have been included.
Indira Gandhi krishi vishwavidyalaya raipur
Making Gods Own country truly Green | MBAtiousaneesh p
A presentation on making Kerala - Gods own country truly green. Kerala is one of the 10 paradises on earth for its natural beauty, greenery rich cultural heritage and tranquility - National geographical traveler.
Similar to Environmental and Ecological Conflicts of India: A Review (20)
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
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Environmental and Ecological Conflicts of India: A Review
1. @ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com
ISSN No: 2456
International
Research
Environmental and Ecological Conflicts of India
M. Phil Scholar, Dep
Assam University Diphu Campus, Diphu
ABSTRACT
The term Ecological Distribution Conflicts (EDCs)
was coined by Martinez Alier and Martin O’ Connor
in 1996 to describe social conflicts born from the
unfair access to natural resources and the unjust
burdens of pollution. Environmental benefits and
costs are distributed in a way that causes conflicts.
Conflict on nature which harms the biological
environment has increased in frequency and intensity
of India. This manifest themselves as political, social,
economic, ethnic, religious or territorial conflicts
conflicts over resources or natural interests or any
other type of conflict. They are traditional conflicts
induced by an environmental degradation. The paper
focus on how environmental conflict challenges on
the contemporary environmental issue. This
to rethink ecosystem conservation perspective and can
draw special attention to have our capacity building
on ecological system sustainable.
Keywords: Review study, conflict by man
animal on environment, measure of the conflict
I. INTRODUCTION:
Conflict occurs with strong opinion by the public,
common people and academicians with the authority,
officials, and law and order institutions.
happened due to the affect of the ecological
environment and the hill dwellers that had inhabited
since from time immemorial. Construction of the
dams in various parts of the country has been
undertaken by the authority and the Supreme Court
play a critical situation to save the life of
organism including the man and animals world.
to strong demand made by the people elsewhere but
the common people need to have a good development
and infrastructure communication. The government is
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 2 | Issue – 3 | Mar-Apr 2018
ISSN No: 2456 - 6470 | www.ijtsrd.com | Volume
International Journal of Trend in Scientific
Research and Development (IJTSRD)
International Open Access Journal
Environmental and Ecological Conflicts of India:
Mohon Rongphar
M. Phil Scholar, Department of Political Science,
Assam University Diphu Campus, Diphu, Assam, India
The term Ecological Distribution Conflicts (EDCs)
was coined by Martinez Alier and Martin O’ Connor
in 1996 to describe social conflicts born from the
unfair access to natural resources and the unjust
burdens of pollution. Environmental benefits and
are distributed in a way that causes conflicts.
Conflict on nature which harms the biological
environment has increased in frequency and intensity
of India. This manifest themselves as political, social,
economic, ethnic, religious or territorial conflicts or
conflicts over resources or natural interests or any
other type of conflict. They are traditional conflicts
induced by an environmental degradation. The paper
focus on how environmental conflict challenges on
the contemporary environmental issue. This paper aim
to rethink ecosystem conservation perspective and can
draw special attention to have our capacity building
Review study, conflict by man-man or
animal on environment, measure of the conflict
Conflict occurs with strong opinion by the public,
common people and academicians with the authority,
officials, and law and order institutions. Conflict
happened due to the affect of the ecological
environment and the hill dwellers that had inhabited
since from time immemorial. Construction of the
dams in various parts of the country has been
undertaken by the authority and the Supreme Court
save the life of living
nimals world. Due
made by the people elsewhere but
to have a good development
government is
planning to have good improvement on proper
infrastructure communication which trying to
every corner and nook of the country. The study here
considered on development project on dams and other
related construction activities and how this affects the
environment and the living or natural
have a great deal of positive and negative effects on
biological component, man and
controlling stream regimes, consequently preventing
floods, obtaining domestic and irrigation water from
the stored water and generating power (
Tahmiscioglu et al., p-761).
protections of environment was raised since long by
writers, scholars, academicians
involves the question of the survival of human race on
the earth. For the protection of environment, many
movements, agitations by environmental activists are
being led in different parts of the globe. And as we
know that nature is the store house of our resources,
thus, we also need to examine deeply the caus
consequences of environmental damage more clearly.
The most important problems of environment
to over ‘dependence of resource consumption
including the forest, water and fuels and fodders
are widely used. Examining the context of
India which is rich in natural resource including many
rivers and more flood prone region, therefore the main
aim of government is to plan more dam’s construction
for more and benefiting water resources utilisation.
Government has examined to constru
with more expense and more and more displaced for
the native. In Nayak book “Dams and Development in
India” aptly analyse that dams have been built for the
purposes of flood management, irrigation,
hydropower production, navigation and to facil
recreation which contributes greatly to the growth of a
Apr 2018 Page: 2106
6470 | www.ijtsrd.com | Volume - 2 | Issue – 3
Scientific
(IJTSRD)
International Open Access Journal
A Review
have good improvement on proper
infrastructure communication which trying to reach
very corner and nook of the country. The study here
considered on development project on dams and other
related construction activities and how this affects the
or natural world. Dams
tive and negative effects on
man and environment besides
regimes, consequently preventing
obtaining domestic and irrigation water from
ored water and generating power (M.
. The concern for the
of environment was raised since long by
, academicians and activists that it has
involves the question of the survival of human race on
ion of environment, many
movements, agitations by environmental activists are
arts of the globe. And as we
store house of our resources,
thus, we also need to examine deeply the cause and
consequences of environmental damage more clearly.
he most important problems of environments are due
to over ‘dependence of resource consumption
, water and fuels and fodders’ etc.
Examining the context of North East
India which is rich in natural resource including many
rivers and more flood prone region, therefore the main
aim of government is to plan more dam’s construction
for more and benefiting water resources utilisation.
Government has examined to construct more dam
with more expense and more and more displaced for
the native. In Nayak book “Dams and Development in
India” aptly analyse that dams have been built for the
purposes of flood management, irrigation,
hydropower production, navigation and to facilitate
recreation which contributes greatly to the growth of a
2. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 2 | Issue – 3 | Mar-Apr 2018 Page: 2107
nation. In spite of its developmental benefits to
nations, it has provoked many debates and criticisms
across the world since the emergence of development
projects bring significant to social and human impacts
in terms of displacement, lost of livelihoods and the
rising question of equity and justice. It is well-known
the fact that the fundamental promised of large dams
in the twentieth century was to provide abundant
water supply, irrigation and energy potential. Indeed
dams have contributed many benefits even if these
have been distributed unevenly to the nation (Nayak,
2016: 1). Dam development is sometime call
penetrative development when the certain criteria and
pre-requisite developmental facilities are fulfill and
meted. World Commission on Dams published
entitled “Dams and Development: a new framework
for decision-making”, in November 2000, discusses a
significant debate on dams that it is not only on the
benefits and costs of large dams, but more generally
to the current rethinking of development programs
and decision-making and policy making in a world
which has deeply affected by rapid global change.
Dams have benefits by changes in water use priorities,
physical and land use changes in the river basin,
technological developments and changes in public
policy expressed in the environment safety, climate
control, economic and technical regulations. The
practices of operational management on environment
must utilise our forest and water resources which must
able to adapt themselves continuously the changing
circumstances of environment hazards and
environment pollution.
Moreover, for the protection of our nature
(environment), movement has emerged since long.
With this emergence of nature protection or to ‘save
the earth’ some movement has evolved or developed
and march the process which come into significant in
our daily life. Some of the environmental movements
of India include ‘Appiko’ Movement, ‘Chipko’
Movement which was led by Sunderlal Bahuguna in
1973 in the Garhwal Himalayas against deforestation,
the ‘Narmada Bachao’ Movement started in 1985 led
by Medha Patkar against anti-dam and the ‘Silent
Valley’ began in 1973 and so on. The movements
intend to protect and sustain the natural resources
which deteriorate because of cutting trees,
construction of big dams, and release of waste
material by industries, big factories etc. The
Environmental Movements in India is mainly
involved by women, the poor, and disadvantages
masses and thus treating the marginalised people
subordinate by developers or by industries. The
displaced people have been directly affected their
livelihood, income, occupation, etc. due to dam and
industries development in the country. This
environmental movements in India are not necessarily
for the green or ‘clean’ Earth or for saving mankind
but for the very survival of the local poor (Vulli,
2016: 303 & 304). Environmental conflict or
ecological conflict happened due to natural resources
destruction. Natural destruction impacted with the
forcing of technology and industrial application.
When development projects are introduced or are
going to construct in the proposed area all the living
organisms including the indigenous communities,
native plants and animals would be destroyed. When
decaying in preservation some disturb living
organisms would be extinct such places and sites the
native organism will turn down and fall into alien
species. In this paper the study will focus while
reviewing the related review from this point of view
the study make grant to have an ecological
satisfaction sustainable into a preservation
development? The paper focus on how to measure the
ecological conflict between human and animals,
sometime man-man conflicts, and disturbing animal
world.
II. Review Study and Rethinking Ecological
Conflict:
The review study has been attempted on
Environmental and Ecological conflicts or movement
in India will be discussed what various authors and
writers had done in their writings those authors or
writers includes Carson (1962) finds that use of
various polluting elements in the industries affects the
life process and other harmful substances that create
serious problems especially for the living species. The
study also discusses that all unchecked growth of
industry has been threatened human health and life of
animals are endangered the natural environment.
Karan, P. P. (1994) examines the main aspect of the
environmental movements in their integrative social
and economic effects. The study also focuses mainly
on anti-dam and protection of forests resources in
several regions where movements are active.
Environmental movements in India are an emerging
issue because for development through construction
of huge dams, other allied infrastructures have been
determined. It also finds that Women have been the
prominent leaders which they had participated for
protection of environment against the cutting of trees
in the rainforest areas of the Himalayan gathered by
3. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
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contractors or outsider. V. S. Ganesamurthy (2011)
contributes that environmental pollution is one of the
major problems faced by the world community. It
tries to explore the biological environment, the
victims of economic exploitation. India is rich in
biological diversity including flora and fauna and
variety of ecosystems including aquatic species.
Governments have determined and proposed to
constructs more dams in the country, for the
agriculture benefit but this has not meted to the poor
farmers to solve the problem of flood and agrarian
economy while authority had sometime denied public
protest. Therefore, environmental degradation in India
has been caused by a variety of social, economic,
institutional and technological factors. It tries to
explore the primary concerns of Ministry of
Environment and Forest gave more emphasis on
implementing the acts and policies relating to
conservation of natural resources of the country and
urged to serve the nodal agency like Environment
Protection Act, 1986, etc. regarding degradation of
land, water, and air and noise pollution etc. need to
minimise such exploitation in the future. It also tries
to explore the climate issues advice by UNFCC
(United Nations Framework Convention on Climate
change) of 1992 and its Kyoto Protocol 1997 has been
committed to address the global problem on the basis
of various principles. Dr. Rao, Uma J, (2013)
acknowledge from their writing that India tries to
achieve and move on large-scale industries, huge dam
construction and more infrastructure development. It
urges the development projects not only displaced the
local people but it also pollute the rich ecological
diversity and rainforest region which destruct and
exploits the natural resources from the environmental
benign region. It also urges the government which
should take initiative plans, rehabilitation policy for
the displaced people which is term as ‘Project
Affected People or PAPs’. It finds that large-scale
displacement by big dam’s construction and
submerges which has occurred worldwide and the 20th
century is considered as the ‘century of displacement’.
Most dams built in India are not satisfactory and
existed in the indigenous land and meanwhile, the
indigenous people’s culture is being affected.
Bhattecharjee (2013) finds that Assam on one hand
and northeast describe as describe as biodiversity
hotspot region as a whole, the NGOs of Assam play
an active role for environmental conservation and
preservation and making the nature safety and
sustainable in the global levels. The northeast NGOs
has also emerged to appeal to sustain the
environments which are basically in the ecological
system and seismically active prone region. It urges
that these region need to sensitise giving an awareness
campaign to train the local people in order to ensure
and to restore the environment including the early
living organisms by messaging the Environmental
Justice Movement in the long run. It also finds that
due to ecosystem destruction the continuous illegal
hunters of wildlife and migratory species including
birds, animals, etc. have to stop and must initiate for
species conservation seriously in the near future.
Bahar Dutt (2014) observes that the North and the
Northeast India is defined as richest biodiversity or
‘hotspot’ region with abundance of natural or water
resources. The author tries to explore the Northeast
that ranges from tropical evergreen to alpine and are
home to 5,000 plants, eighty-five mammal species
and 500 birds exist in it. It urges that northeast
biodiversity must conserve before it is lost to the dam.
Due to dam construction the natural course of the
Dibang River by diverting the water which ignores the
importance of the river which faces the problem of
tradition, culture and the religious sentiment of local
people. It urges that like Subansiri project, Dibang
project site has existed in the earthquake prone zone.
Large dams in India has block and altered the natural
flow regimes of the river which drives the ecological
processes in the downstream areas of Assam. The
author argues and deliver that fragile and magical
connection between the upstream and downstream
waters is disrupted by large dams with a disastrous
effect on the economy of the people. Some
downstream impact concerns include: loss of
fisheries; changes in wetland (beel) ecology in the
floodplains; impacts on agriculture and the ecology of
riverine islands and tracts. It also discusses eco-
sensitive sites which will be severely damaged from
the discharge of hot water from the power plants into
the big rivers. Guha Ramachandra (2014) observes
that as Chipko movement is the first environmental or
ecological conflict or movement of Himalayan people
against clear-cutting of forests by timber contractors.
Environmental movement in the west, stemmed to
desire to protect endangered animal species and
natural habitats. In India, it arose out of the imperative
of human survival. This was an environmentalism of
the poor that sought to promote social justice with
sustainability. It urges that three environmental
challenges posed by the economic rise of India and
China viz. threat of rapid and irreversible climate
change, both have environmental and social impacts
beyond their borders and both posed to environments
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themselves. In 1970s pollution control and natural
protection has been enacted and in the 1980s and
1990s, the finest of environmental movement sought
to marry Science with Sustainability. Today,
environmental in India a basket-case marked by
polluted skies, dead rivers, falling water-tables, ever-
increasing amounts of untreated wastes, and
disappearing forests. Nayak Arun Kr. (2016)
discusses that dams are considered as an agency of
development and it is contributed to flood
management, hydropower production, irrigation,
navigation and supplying water for urban and
industrial needs. The author urges that dam
development affects the tribal people while
compensation for them is ineffective since the
beginning of dam development in the country. It urges
that the Hirakud Dam were fulfilled even after fifty
years were massive social misery by submerging
hundreds villages and displacing about thousands
people on one hand and conflicts with the
government, farmers, local people and stakeholders
on the other. While the ecological region get disturbed
due to clearing the forest region.
Thus the above said review of literature states that
ecological conflict or environmental movement raised
due to human activity, natural resources consumption,
consuming forest products, etc. has been included
under this study. This study of literature review that
reflects the destruction and degradation of natural
resources on the Mother earth which affect the life
activities in day to day pronouncement. The study
aims to rethink how natural environment should
management efficiently and meaningfully into the
circle of development under the control of sustainable
balance system. Today, our natural resource likely
that extracted or consumes forest product which are
very limited and critical for our future sustenance. In
this review of the study we should think more
penetrative and inductive methods to conserve more
rather than consumption because if we consume more
and more without any restriction our natural resources
would be degraded and which might be extinct. Till
today, our human society did not think much about
the conservation and preservation of natural
resources. But sometimes people also may think that
why we should conserve our natural resources mainly
by the common people, they did not know what would
be happened in the future crisis. Most common people
think that when crisis happened skipping outside
protective awareness knowledge. Either general
people they listen the comments of leaders or listening
or following the rules and laws of the rights of
environment by the animals and human in separation.
This major causes challenges ecological conflicts in
the Eco-sensitive region of the country or state as well
as at the local level. The eco-sensitive sites and
ecological functioning region has been decreasing and
narrowing at a rapid rate that had challenged in this
modern world of environmental politics.
III. Some Major Challenges of the Review
Study:
There are some major challenges which have been
reviewed in the above study. They are as below –
1. In this review, the knowledge sticks that the
exploring the biological environment from the
unexplored region say for example, the deep forest
region of Lumbajong region attached to Lumding
region, Kaziranga forest region attached to
Bisarpo to Lanklokso of Samilangso region and
some other places or site has categories as animal
corridor, elephant corridor etc. Here it can be
clearly states that all the above mentioned region
or site has been inhabited by the tribal people of
the concern district called Karbi Anglong district
of Assam. This region has been under the per-
view of Eco-sensitive region the tribal people live
together with or along with the animals in the
deep forest or for cultivation purposes.
2. In this review of the related study expresses that
exploration and protection of natural and
biological life on the earth is one of the major
challenges in our contemporary period for any
discipline of the study.
3. Apart from exploration and protection measures,
conservation and preservation of the concern
natural resources is another major challenge in
this study.
4. Besides, preservation of ecosystem region
sustainability of natural resources data base
technique is another challenge for sustaining the
major environment.
5. The concern review states that how pollution can
be minimised and how the surrounding people can
bare the serious air polluting every day. Every day
the polluters may not check how much this has
polluted in the fresh air. Skipping the polluting air
in the air rethink how many people have been
breathed out per second the polluted air in the
surrounding industrial areas. These polluting air,
water, noise etc. which has been endangering the
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natural environment and the biological
components.
6. This review of study expresses and opines that
protection of forest resources or protection of
ecosystem region occurs where ecological
movements are active. Ecological conflict or
environmental movement had emerged due to the
impact of development projects or construction in
the ecosystem region. “Protection of ecosystem
region, save nature save life” considered as one of
the most important challenges in this literature
review.
7. In this study, academicians, scientists, authority
etc. should have to think and to re-think the
concern affecting natural environment in recent
time why badly. This review depict and suggest
that rapid growth of dam construction and other
allied development should have to pay the debt as
polluter pays principle has been attributed.
8. It is to say that there is one of a big gap between
conservation of biological diversity and the
development perspectives on projects like dams
and other allied construction. To fill the gap
between save life and smooth living and
communication facilities this two components
should keep in mind how to tackle the worse form
of polluting earth and human society pay their
smooth living. These reflect to one to other life
process. Because one wins other lose for the
development as well as for the conservation
perspective.
9. The Government of India should take initiative
more not only the environmental laws, acts and
policies but which is also needed to consider the
human activity which hampers the indigenous
people due to development projects that had been
destructed live and property due to evacuation.
10. Relating study of the environmental or ecological
conflicts should manage the ecosystem
functioning provide a framework for planning
biodiversity conversation. These are coarse and
fine filter approach refers to conserving
representative samples of all the ecological
communities in a region can facilitate
conservation of the majority of species. Species,
ecosystems and features that “fall through” the
Coarse – filter for example species that depend on
a specific habitat feature need to be conserved by
a Fine – filter approach such as protecting wildlife
trees.
11. Adaptive management decisions can be improved
over time by learning from experience. This
review rethink aim to improve environment more
adaptation. Therefore environment management
would be improving scientifically. Our ecosystem
base maintains the key characteristics of
ecosystems that sustains species and ecological
processes but also supports some human
intervention for economic or social purposes.
12. Land and water dedicated to the protection and
maintenance of biological diversity and associated
cultural resources have to take special initiative
including the Project Affected People (PAPs) and
Project Affected families (PAFs) for them have
not yet taken into much effective consideration on
the circle of protection.
13. Rethinking and focusing on environmental
rehabilitation have been influenced by the
Gandhian tradition of constructive work, others by
religious reform movements, and yet others by the
instance of international relief organisations. All
these activities are the programs of ecological
restoration. See for example, Chipko movement
also called ecological movement is one of the best
examples of ecological conflict during the pre and
post independence period of India.
IV. Ecological Conflict Measures:
Ecological Conflict are characterised by the principal
importance of degradation in one or more of the
following fields- firstly, over-use of natural resources,
second, overstrain of the environment’s sink capacity
(pollution), and thirdly, impoverishment of the space
of living (Stephan Libiszewski, 1992: 14). To
measure this ecological conflict we have to be more
serious while reading on environment and ecology. In
simple there were some points that try to suggest upto
the author expectation. They are -
i. Understand and Defining of Conflict:
The foremost part of ecological or environmental
conflict measures in simple such as the first step of
Environmental conflict were ‘to understand and
defining of the conflict’. One stakeholder might that
the conflict is about access to resource another might
think it about land tenure and still another might think
it about constitutional rights to a certain set of
bahaviours. Stakeholder identification is the next step
that permanently involves in analysing each
individual stakeholder’s needs, interest and position.
The NGO is the primary stakeholder that number of
communities surrounds the conservation concession,
composed of different indigenous groups. The fourth,
6. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
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set of stakeholders is the regional governments. The
fifth, stakeholder is the national government’s agency
that oversees protected areas like national parks,
conservation concessions and forest reserves.
ii. Regulating Ecological Areas:
The ecological area is hugely important as forest for
regulating the flow of water through the region there
are stakeholders all through the continent and then to
the states level. Such forests are hugely important for
regulating climate and producing oxygen so in the end
everybody is a stakeholder. The entire planet becomes
a stakeholder. However, environmental conflicts are
socially complex because environments produce a
series of ecosystem services that exist at the very local
level all the way to the global scale. National park is a
protected area in the state level of which incredibly
important for the temperate or tropical rain forest it
holds. On every mountain there is huge threat from
agricultural expansion and resulting deforestation up
into the high elevation slopes. The problem is that
there are communities established on the mountain
who have been living there from time immemorial
with a certain set of agricultural, hunting and forestry
practices that they have traditionally used for
subsistence livelihoods. Once the mountain became
part of the park those actions were no longer legal. So
the park managers were faced with these questions of
what do we do with the populations that are living
there? How do we administer the mountain in such a
way that they can continue to make their livelihoods?
And how do we try and curb the deforestation that
going on? Therefore, to suggest in few lines we did a
social survey, a household survey, soil sampling and
an agricultural assessment and understand what is
going on throughout this mountain. One of the
strategies the park had been considering was moving
entire villages off the mountain which would be
highly controversial. But should come in with a set of
recommendations for agro-forestry interventions hat
would improve the agricultural yield for these
communities while reducing their impact on and their
need to expand to the higher elevation slopes. Another
set of recommendation was two-fold that one was to
do agriculture and agro-forestry development projects
with the local communities to minimise their need to
expand. Second, was improving the forest patrolling
done by the park to stop these external actors from
coming in and conducting illegal activities. In various
states of the world, conservation concession
management plans have focused very explicitly on
ecology and biology without a lot of emphasis on the
social dynamics. Therefore, it is time to write a new
management plan that was an excellent opportunity to
really inform the new management plan with the
social dynamics. Another intellectual thinking come
in this writing that there are a lot of people who
engage in small-scale mining illegally that produces a
lot of conflict with the formal mining sector and with
indigenous groups whose land gets invaded as well as
with land managers who are contracted by the state to
manage these forests for conservation sake. The paper
is trying to do is to see if we can create a model for
conservation that can incentivise people not to engage
in these destructive practices and not to mine in
protected areas. Here, the trick is designing land use
strategies that accommodate everything to create a
mosaic of land uses that are complementary rather
than competitive.
iii. Agriculture and Management Action
Plans:
To consider Forest management actions, agriculture
development projects will complement the
management plan that can reduce the need to hunt in
the concession and improve people’s ability to make
their livelihood outside the concession. One the basis
of working on identifying communities to do
aquaculture projects, because fish farming is a
potentially important source of revenue. However,
with a changing climate increased rates of change all
around in environmental aspects. So naturally
people’s needs and interests and positions around
those environmental aspects change and give rise to
conflicts. Whether climate change will create conflict,
rather how do we manage those conflicts productively
and use a changing climate as an opportunity to
reinforce positive social relationships rather these
conflicts to degrade into violence or into political
deadlock or economic conflict. Deliberately,
managing conflict needs and interest in a way would
be productive and lead to social benefits rather than
just reacting and trying to mitigate disaster after
disaster after social disaster. Whether this might be
positive or negative sense, conflict is just an
opportunity for change (Renee Cho:2013). When
conflicted change occurred, and changes, means
social change development because conflict and
issues always appears from social environment. Last
not the least conflict solution is that human
consumption base on by the company, industry, etc.
should minimise its uses of natural resources.
Development projects including construction of dams,
roads, railways and building industries in the state or
7. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
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country kills the living organism of a region is taken
into consideration.
iv. Man-Man Conflict:
“Man-man conflict” occur due to introducing the
modern system of development, this is how if Dam
construction is considered as a factor of development
then this factor impacted the natural environment this
means while destructing and excavating the human
livelihoods man-man conflict had happened
internationally. Since, Man – animals conflict had
been occurred prior to the coming of industrial
revolution this is nothing but increasing population
while earth in a static position. For example, Dam
construction in the North east region considered as
“Power House State or Power Hub State” then, all the
projects where it has existed and exist in the coming
years in the North east India will be raising the ‘socio-
psychological issues’ among the Indigenous
Communities, conflict between common people and
the authority.
v. Disturbing Animals World:
“Disturbing animal world” refers that conflict also can
occurs with the destruction of Eco-deep forest,
polluting the eco-green environments, etc. this
naturally inhabited species will be disturbed.
Therefore, the disturb animals moves from one to
another sites where human settlement areas may also
attacked by the disturb animals to those people living
near the forest areas. In this sense, of view the local
people will also attempt to hunt such disturb animals
to save between man-animals interference. This is
how this paper aim to tell that not to destroy such
naturally species and not to destruct the animals hub
which has been inhabited since the beginning.
V. Conclusion:
In conclusion it can clearly say that the ecological
region, biological conservation system, ecosystem
region, eco-sensitive region, scared grove, etc.
environmental conflicts happened due to introduction
of projects. Construction of big and large dam in the
concern region is one of the major challenges in the
conflict of ecological perspective. Projects
construction is nothing but, it is the human activity
while the authority always tells that consumption of
forest resources by the local people who had been
inhabited in the adjoining areas of the states become a
victim of all these activities. But this is not the correct
opinion given by many delegates or officials from the
gone days. This is why development projects
construction like big or small dams, building
industries, factories, introducing rural to urban like
smart cities or town that are rightly affected the live
and livelihood of the local or indigenous people. This
excavated people’s property which had been left out
totality, they should migrate in the nearby forest areas.
As for example, due to introduction of Guwahati zoo,
Guwahati oil refinery, Numaligarh oil refinery, coal
mining at Patkai Hills, introducing smart city near the
hills sides of Kamrup District, construction of Dams,
etc. mainly affects the tribal local people only. This is
nothing but creating and neglecting the tribal people,
destroying the innocent people by the state
government of the country and also where tribal or
indigenous peoples get highly depressed from the
concern state(s) government. Government has been
given the acts and policies or laws for the rights of the
tribal people to settle in the forest for species
cultivation but had thrown away.
Rethink to our own society having awareness for
volunteers groups have taken up appropriate soil
conservation measures like the plugging of gullies,
construction of small check-dams and the plantation
of fast growing grass species. Study is like a network
of words and language by citing an example
successful eco-restoration work originated in a
process of struggle. Reconstruction work can proceed
hand in hand with struggle. In the last part of an
analysis, the main theme is that some ecologists do
not view the purview of solutions to environmental
problems as ‘real’ science. On the other hand, some
ecologists do not view the purview of knowledge as
valuable for its own sake because this activity may
not immediately or directly benefit human existence.
There should be no conflict between ecology as a
rigorous science and ecology as a basis for solving
environmental problems. In another way, a strong
science leads to sound management. For management,
ecology must identify the likelihood of a system
failure and provide society with choices among
alternative actions that will minimise this likelihood.
Ecology as science and ecology for environmental
decision making should be equally fostered and it
should be recognised that two endeavours are equally
valuable. There is no reason that ecologist cannot
perform both functions, but an individual’s work
should receive a different kind of professional
evaluation for each one. Lastly, when ecological
conflict occur there is some major critical conflict
between human – wildlife conflict are widespread,
when resource use by human and non-human animals
overlap and contradictory. We propose from this
8. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
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literature of the above reviews that investigating
broader ecological context of conflict (‘ecology of
conflict’) might help to explain variation in conflict
patterns leads to a better mechanistic understanding
and improved prediction and management. Researcher
usually focuses on the process of proximate including
human group’s sizes and behaviours, attractant
management and bahaviour of humans and wildlife
involved. Proximate inquiry conflicts and how to
avoid them but renders limited insight into the timing,
location and causes of broader conflict patterns.
Therefore, improved conflict management addresses
underlying ecological stressors such as protecting or
restoring natural food (example, from overharvest or
inhabitat destruction). A special focus on
understanding the underlying ecology of conflicts
could focus limited resources on mitigation efforts
including education and attractant management when
and where ecological conflicts are most likely to
occur. This might be possible that applying multiple
testing approaches broadly might help to increase
such understanding of ultimate drivers of human-
wildlife conflict in any system while identifying
commonalities among human wildlife conflict
systems worldwide (Artelle et el., 2016). Thus, to
minimise human activity in the deep ecological region
human – animal conflict might be possible to
minimise, is one of the simple step of ecological or
environmental conflict. Controlling population and
natural resources uses should take more initiatives as
an effective part of an analysis.
Photo Section:
Undisturbed Ecological functioning site of Karbi Anglong, Assam.
Undisturbed eoclogical site of karbi Anglong and right photo disturbance of ecological areas of Dhemaji –
Arunchal border.
9. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
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