Enhancing NDCs: Opportunities in Forest and Land-use Sector
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Forest sector solutions such as conservation, restoration, and improved management of forests can help countries cost-effectively deliver up to a third of GHG emission mitigation needed by 2030 to keep temperature increases below 2°C. This webinar highlights cost-effective solutions in forest conservation, restoration and management that can be included in national climate plans for large-scale reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and removal of carbon from the atmosphere. Learn more: https://www.wri.org/events/2020/04/webinar-enhancing-ndcs-opportunities-forest-and-land-use
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Enhancing NDCs: Opportunities in Forest and Land-use Sector
- 1. ENHANCING NDCS IN 2020: Opportunities in Forest and Land-Use April 23, 2020 9:30 AM EDT | 1:30 PM GMT Photo by Johannes Plenio from Pexels Withthe support of #STEPUP2020 WEBINAR
- 2. Agenda Opportunities for Enhancing NDCs with Forest-Sector Solutions Paige Langer, World Resources Institute Forests and Land Use in the context of the UNDP Climate Promise: Ambition, Acceleration and Mobilization Kimberly Todd, United Nations Development Programme NDC enhancement in the Forestry & Land-Use Sectors Eileen Knowles, NDC Partnership Integration of Nature-Based Solutions in the NDC of Ecuador Carlos Espinosa, Undersecretary of Climate Change, Ministry of Environment, Ecuador
- 3. • Join audio: • Preferred method: through Computer Audio • Back-up: choose Telephone and dial-in using the phone numbers listed in the webinar confirmation email • Attendees remain in listen-only mode • Please select “Q&A” at the bottom of your screen for any questions or comments during the webinar • Today’s presentation will be recorded and made available within 24 hours Matt If you experience technical problems during the webinar, please submit questions in the Q&A section or to Mary.Levine@wri.org Attendee participation
- 5. Opportunities for Enhancing NDCs with Forest-Sector Solutions
- 6. Why forests matter • If properly managed, the forest and land-use sector can transform from an emission source to a carbon sink • Forests provide cost-effective options for carbon removal that can be deployedat scale Contribution to global GHG mitigation • Forests can help countries and communities adapt to climatechange through their ecosystem services • Forests can mitigateimpacts of floods, droughts, heat waves, tidal surges, etc. which will all worsen under climate change Contribution to adaptation • Forest-based solutionsoffer local communities a range of benefits directly linked with many SDGs, such as ending poverty (SDG1), achievingfood security (SDG2), and ensuring water availability(SDG6) Benefits to local communities
- 7. Forests in the current NDCs
- 8. Key opportunities in forests Reducing deforestation and forest degradation, particularly conserving primary forests, offers significant low-cost mitigation opportunities along with adaptation and sustainable development benefits. Reforestation and restoration offer the biggest GHG mitigation potential in the sector with up to 10 Gt CO2e per year globally by 2030. Mangroves and peatland forests are carbon-rich forests that can store 2-3 times more carbon per area than upland forests but have attracted less attention in current NDCs.
- 9. Reflecting enhanced ambition in forest sector commitments Economy-wideGHG target integratingforest sector Sectoral Targets • Tons of net emission reductionsand removalsfrom forest and land-use sector relative to base year • Targets for hectares of reforestation • Expand the scope of targets to includeadditionalforest types (e.g., mangroves and peatlands), type of solutions(e.g. agroforestry and silvo-pastoralsystems) and/orgeographical areas • Targets for total area under legal protection, sustainable forest management or landtenure for indigenous people GHG target for forest sector emissions Forest sector policies and measures
- 10. Access these resources at wri.org/stepup2020
- 11. Kimberly Todd Technical Specialist, Climate and Forests Team, UNDP
- 12. Forests and Land Use in the contextof the Climate Promise: 23 April 2020 Ambition,Accelerationand Mobilization
- 13. Climate Promise As of April 2020, UNDP has received formal requests from 110 governments for support on NDC enhancement under the Climate Promise. AFRICA (35) Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cabo Verde CentralAfrican Republic Comoros Cote d'Ivoire Democratic Republic of Congo Eswatini Ethiopia Gabon Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea-Bissau Liberia Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritius Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria Republic of Congo Rwanda Sao Tome and Principe Seychelles Sierra Leone South Sudan Togo Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe ASIA AND THE PACIFIC (27) Afghanistan Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia CookIslands Indonesia Iran Kiribat Lao PDR Malaysia Maldives Mongolia Myanmar Nauru Nepal Niue Pakistan Palau Papua New Guinea Philippines Samoa Sri Lanka Thailand Timor Leste Tonga Vanuatu Vietnam EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA (17) Albania Armenia Azerbaijan Belarus Bosnia and Herzegovina Georgia Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan North Macedonia Moldova Montenegro Serbia Tajikistan Turkey Turkmenistan Ukraine Uzbekistan ARABSTATES (6) Iraq Lebanon Morocco Somalia Sudan Tunisia LATINAMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN (25) Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Bahamas Belize Bolivia Chile Colombia Costa Rica Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador El Savador Grenada Guatemala Guyana Haiti Honduras Mexico Panama Paraguay Peru St. Vincent and Grenadinse Suriname Trinidad and Tobago Uruguay Note: this list is as of A pril 2020 and subject to change.
- 14. UNDP Climate Promise: Services Backed by an in-depth analysis on the hurdles countries face to enhance NDCs and NDC implementation Build political will & societal ownership at national & sub-national levels Review, align, & update existing targets, policies & measures Incorporate new sectors and/or greenhouse gases Assess costs and investment opportunities Monitor progress & strengthen transparency
- 15. Opportunities to StrengthenPolicies and Measures: REDD+ • Some examples where REDD+ strategies and investment plans are already well-reflected in the NDCs • Corresponding level of detail is contained within the NDC on REDD+ • Ghana -The national REDD+ strategy was developed same year as NDC submission (2015) and is well-reflected in the NDC • However, many national REDD+ strategies finalized after the INDCs were submitted • Specificity and/or quantification of the role of forests is currently not reflected in these NDCs • Cambodia refers to this in the first NDC • “Though actions for LULUCF are presented as a conditionalcontribution, a precise list of actions and the GHG impacts will be updated after finalisation of the REDD+ Strategy..”
- 16. Enhancing NDCs through forest mitigation: Examples of entry points Review, align, and update existing targets, policies and measures: • In many developing countries, the timeline for the implementation of national REDD+ strategies/action plans coincides with that for NDCs. • National REDD+ strategies have been developed through participatory processes based on studies developed to identify drivers, land tenure issues and carbon mitigation potential of the various activities. • May provide a good basis in many countries for identifying key forest sector activities, policies and measures that could be readily integrated into the NDC. Monitor Progress & Strengthen Transparency: • Improving the information elements that facilitate clarity, transparency, and understanding of the NDC. • Description of the assumptions and the methodological basis applied, including the baseline(s) and/or reference level(s), is particularly important for the land sector. • Setting up and/or improving systems and processes for national forest monitoring systems and MRV in the context of the enhanced transparency framework (ETF) under the Paris Agreement. Incorporate new sectors and/or GHGs: • The forest sector may be considered for inclusion where not formerly included. • In more cases, forests will likely have already been included in a more general or limited way • inclusion of a new REDD+ activity not yet in the NDC may be a cost-effective enhancement also leading to multiple co-benefits. Another example is the inclusion of other gases, such as non-CO2 GHGs from forest fires
- 17. 53 of 110 countries are requesting LULUCF-related support in their Climate Promise activities Climate Promise: Forest and Land Use Activities East Asiaand Pacific Latin America and Caribbean Africa Middle East and North Africa Europe and Central Asia Bangladesh CookIslands Kiribati Nauru Vanuatu Cambodia Indonesia Kiribati Malaysia Myanmar Nauru Philippines Sri Lanka Bahamas Panama Suriname AntiguaandBarbuda Belize Bolivia(Plurinational State of) CostaRica Dominica Ecuador El Salvador Grenada Guyana Haiti Paraguay Uruguay Botswana Zimbabwe Benin CaboVerde Comoros Congo(Republic) Eswatini (Swaziland) Ethiopia Guinea-Bissau Mauritius Namibia Niger Rwanda SierraLeone Zambia Lebanon Albania Belarus Montenegro Serbia Ukraine Bosniaand Herzegovina (BiH) Kazakhstan Kyrgyz Republic Tajikistan
- 18. CountryExamples: Specific Forest-related Activitiesin Climate PromiseWorkplans • Zimbabwe • Cambodia • Paraguay Supportthe re-alignment of the forestpolicy with the revised NDC Supportthe finalization of the national forestdefinition based on sub-sector consultations Procurementof six (6) increment borers for forestcarbon quantification, to determine country-specific wood density. Training on Collect Earth modules for forestresourcemonitoring and ODK for GHG Inventories. Review and update of the forestsector (LULUCF) priorities and targets based on sectoralpolicies as well as REDD+ National Strategy and related REDD+ Action & InvestmentPlan Conduct costanalysis of the National REDD + Action InvestmentPlan regarding therequired investments to achieve the forestsector targets. Conduct analysis to determine improvements in the existing MRV institutional arrangements for the forestsector and also to update the ForestReferenceLevel. Raise awareness and build capacity within NDC coordinating institutions about climate change and NBS and options for integrating these solutions into enhanced NDCs through the process of constructing the Estrategia Nacional de Bosques para el Crecimiento Sostenibleand its implementation plan Undertake stocktakeand analysis to informestimation of mitigation benefits for NBS in the participatory process of the Estrategia Nacional de Bosques para el Crecimiento Sostenible and its implementation plan Supportidentification and assessmentof existing priority national policies, laws, and regulations related to nature-based actions to define mitigation and adaptation potential
- 19. Eileen Knowles Knowledge and Outreach Specialist, NDC Partnership
- 20. NDC ENHANCEMENT IN THE FORESTRY & LAND-USE SECTORS April 2020
- 21. We are a global coalition of countries and institutions collaborating to drive transformational climate action while enhancing sustainable development WHO WE ARE 21
- 25. CLIMATE ACTION ENHANCEMENT PACKAGE - CAEP Creating collective impact through bold, collaborative efforts • 65 COUNTRIES receiving support for NDC enhancement and implementations, representing: • 16% of global GHG emissions • 24% of global population • 40 implementing partners will be delivering NDC enhancement support in 2020 through the common framework of CAEP • Over $35 million in support, including $20 million from TAF and over $15 million from partners own resources • 7 PARTNERS contributing financially to TAF and CAEP • Over 750 ACTIVITIES supported
- 26. REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF FOLU REQUESTS 58 out of 65 countries are requesting FOLU related support through CAEP 26
- 27. OVERVIEW OF FOLU-RELATED CAEP REQUESTS 27 8% of CAEP Activities (82 globally) refer to “Forestry” and “Land-Use” Objective 1 79% Objective 2 21% FOLU Requests by Objective Type CAEP Objective 1: Raising Ambition & NDC Updating CAEP Objective 2: Accelerating NDC Implementation 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 Argentina Belize Costa Rica Ethiopia Eswatini (Swaziland) Gambia Jamaica Malawi Mali Nigeria Somalia Vanuatu Zambia Albania Guatemala Kyrgyz Republic Liberia Mozambique Sao Tome and Principe Sudan Tonga Dominican Republic Niger Nicaragua Zimbabwe Burkina Faso Côte d'Ivoire Pakistan Papua New Guinea Central African Republic Panama Number of FOLU related CAEP Activities Country
- 28. NDC ENHANCEMENT IN THE FORESTRY & LAND-USE SECTORS Country Requests 28 • 45% of CAEP countries have identified enhancement activities in Forestry or Land-Use • All NDC enhancement FOLU activities are 100% covered by partners • FOLU activities emerge most frequently in activities focused on defining and updating GHG & other NDC targets • FOLU activities overlap most frequently with activities related to studies, gap analyses, and feasibility assessments, and agriculture, energy. 18 21 30 48 55 68 117 121 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Oceans and Coasts Buildings Water Industry Waste Transport AFOLU Energy NumberofActivities Sector Sectoral Breakdown of EnhancementActivities
- 29. SAMPLE FOLU COUNTRY REQUESTS • Nicaragua: Formulatea National Forest Protection Plan aimed at reaching zero deforestation. • Nigeria: Integrating and updating the NDC for the AFOLU sector, estimated to cover roughly thirty percent of emissions. • Pakistan: Monitoring the impacts of forestry projects (mass afforestation activities) to quantify their carbon sequestration, enhanced watershed values and role in biodiversity conservation/ habitat improvement. • Albania: Review the current NDC by adding the AFOLU (Agriculture, Forestry and Land Use) sector under mitigation target. • Central African Republic: Quantify the capacity of ecosystems (forest, savannah, meadow, soils, ...) to sequester carbon. What type of support are countries seeking? 29
- 30. EileenKnowles,Knowledge Managementand Outreach Specialist Eileen.Knowles@ndcpartnership.org
- 31. Carlos Espinosa Undersecretary for Climate Change, Ministry of Environment of Ecuador
- 32. Integration of Nature-Based Solutions in the NDC of Ecuador Carlos Espinosa Gallegos-Anda Undersecretary for ClimateChange Ministry of Environment April 2020
- 33. A MEGADIVERSE COUNTRY 60% covered by natural ecosystems + 50% coveredby native forests (Continental Ecuador) 56 protected areas nationally FIRST country to recognize nature as a subject of rights Nature preservation, the conservationof naturalecosystems and biodiversity,as well as the preventionof environmental damage and restoring degraded naturalspaces, are prioritiesfor the Ministry of Environment and the legislation.
- 34. National DevelopmentPlan 2017-2022 Objectives for Deforestation Reduction National Climate Change Strategy Public policy planning for climate change DEVELOPMENT AND CONSERVATION POLICYPRIORITYACTIONSEcuadorhas regulatory frameworksthat guaranteethe protectionof forests, biodiversityand environmental services Rights of Nature The EcuadorianConstitution 2008 Legal Framework Other regulations: REDD+ Action Plan,REDD+ work- table Environmental Code and its Bylaws Climate Change Policy
- 35. OBJECTIVE Reduce GHG emissions caused by deforestation ACTION PLAN Transition to Sustainable Production Systems Conservation and Restoration Sustainable Forest Management Policies and Institutional Management REDD+ measures and actions management,Monitoring,Safeguards,capacity strengthening and stakeholder engagement Implementation Results-basedPayment GCF Results-based Payments Project
- 36. Part of the solution to fight climate change and reduce GHG emissions from the forests Sustainable Agriculture Food security Protection of biodiversity Forests and Ecosystems Protection Nature-based Solutions(NBS)
- 37. ECUADOR’s NDC MITIGATION ADAPTATION GANADERÍA CLIMÁTICAMENTE INTELIGENTE Natural Heritage Consensus-based process of construction
- 38. Challenges Monitoring deforestation / degradation / reforestation / sustainable forest management External requirements, without considering national circumstances Updating of the Reference Level of Forest Emissions Improvescope REDD+ allows greater scope in the NDC for deforestation Sustainable National Forest Monitoring System OPPORTUNITIESANDCHALLENGES OF INCLUDINGNBSIN THENDC 1 2 3 Opportunities NBS 4 Mainstreams the need for resources to monitor other REDD+ activities Gradual increase in the capabilities of comprehensive management of nature.
- 39. REDD+ publicpolicy, withintheNDC Ratifies the country's commitment to the protection and responsible management of forests and ensures their long- term preservation. Amazon rainforest as the lung of the world Effective monitoring for timely data generation Sustainabledevelopment without compromising forests 1 2 3 ECUADOR AS AN EXAMPLE
- 40. THANK YOU
- 41. ANY QUESTIONS? With the support of
- 42. Enhancing NDCs in 2020: Sectoral Opportunities 2020 WEBINAR SERIES Links to recordings of full series can be found here: wri.org/stepping-2020-ndcs-webinars