Session 1's slides from the peer learning summit Addressing Climate Change through Integrated Responses: Linking Adaptation and Mitigation.

1. Virtual Peer Learning Summit
Addressing climate change through
integrated responses: Linking
adaptation and mitigation
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3. Welcome!
CATHERINE
FISHER
Facilitator
ANIKA
TERTON
Policy Advisor,
NAP Global
Network
PAULINE
PROBST
Advisor, GIZ
JULIA
DONALDSON
Communications
& Research
Assistant, NAP
Global Network
FELIPE
GOMEZ
Technical
Coordinator,
LEDS Global
Partnership

4. Welcome Remarks
BIRTE DERRIX
Policy Advisor on
Adaptation, German
Ministry of the
Environment, Nature
Conservation and Nuclear
Safety (BMU)
CHRISTIAN LEDWELL
Manager, NAP Global
Network
FELIPE GOMEZ
Technical Coordinator,
LEDS Global Partnership

5. Let’s get to know each other

6. Let’s get to know each other
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Introduce yourself and discuss
why are are you here
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8. Today’s agenda
Welcome
Framing: Strengthening
Linkages between
Adaptation and Mitigation
Individual reflection
Nature-based
Solutions: The
experience of Peru
Group Discussion
The Eastern
Caribbean
Experience
Panel Discussion
Individual
reflection
Looking
forward to
the next
Session

9. Plenary:
Introduction to Strengthening Linkages between
Adaptation and Mitigation?
DR. CATHERINE
GAMPER
Climate Change
Adaptation Specialist,
OECD

10. STRENGTHENING ADAPTATION-MITIGATION
LINKAGES FOR A LOW-CARBON, CLIMATE-
RESILIENT FUTURE
Catherine Gamper
Co-ordinator of the OECD Task Force on Climate Change Adaptation
4 May 2021
NAP global network and LEDS Peer Learning Summit
“Addressing Climate Change through Integrated Responses: Linking
Adaptation and Mitigation”
Session 1: Integrated climate policy making: Framing the issue

11. Adaptation-mitigation linkages: two sides of the same coin?
• Climate resilience requires mitigation and
adaptation actions
• Mitigation and adaptation actions are often
(and should) be distinct efforts, but many of
them are linked;
• Identifying linkages and designing policies
that maximise synergies enhances
effectiveness of climate resilience efforts
“While countries strive to scale up their
mitigation efforts, adaptation remains
indispensable to protect communities
from the detrimental impacts of climate
variability and change.” (OECD, 2021)

12. • Californian Camp Fire (2018): USD
25.5 billion in settlement payments by PG&E;
Adaptation-mitigation linkages: the case of infrastructure
Sources:
OECD, 2019 “Boosting Fiscal Resilience to Natural Disasters”; OECD, 2014 “Boosting Resilience through Innovative Risk Governance”;
Infrastructure is affected by climate change
• Hurricane Sandy (2012): 5.4 million
commuters without transport; 8.5 million
households without power;

13. • 60-70% of global GHG’s emitted by power
plants, buildings and transport infrastructure
• Infrastructure investment key behavioural
determinant (e.g. use of public transport)
Infrastructure development affects climate change
Low-carbon infrastructure:
• Railways;
• Renewable energy;
• Clean tech aviation;
• Light individual transport;
Source: International Transport Forum, 2020 “COVID-19 Transport Brief.
Restoring air connectivity under policies to mitigate climate change”
Adaptation-mitigation linkages: the case of infrastructure

14. 14
Cities contribute and are subject to the impacts of environmental
degradation…
Ø Cities contribute to climate change;
Ø Cities are most affected by the impacts of climate change;
Ø Air pollution;
Ø Water and land pollution;
Ø Resource degradation
…. But they also lead and contribute some of the most innovative
solutions to tackling these issues
Adaptation-mitigation linkages: the case of cities

15. Opportunities - Adaptation-mitigation linkages
Land
(eg urban planning;
EU Partnership on
Climate Adaptation)
Water
(e.g. hydropower;
International
Partnership for Blue
Carbon)
Waste
(e.g. waste to
compost projects);
Food
(e.g. soil restoration
measures; Farming
for a Better Climate
Initiative)
Adaptation
Mitigation
Source: www.iStockphoto.com

16. Adaptation-mitigation linkages: differences, synergies and
trade-offs
Source: (OECD 2021) Strengthening Adaptation-Mitigation Linkages for a Low-Carbon, Climate-Resilient Future

17. Nature-based solutions – operationalising links
Decreasing sources &
increasing sinks of GhGs
Protecting against
climate risks
Boosting the economy
Enhancing human
wellbeing
Nature-based solutions are:
Measures that protect,
sustainably manage or restore
nature, with the goal of
maintaining or enhancing
ecosystem services to address
societal challenges
Source: (OECD 2021) Strengthening Adaptation-Mitigation Linkages
for a Low-Carbon, Climate-Resilient Future

18. • Reduce urban heat
island effect
• Reduce risk of flooding
from storm water
overflows
• Reduce energy
needs due to
heating and
cooling
• Reduce speed and
magnitude of
downstream flooding
• Reduce erosion and
landslide risks
• Carbon
sequestration and
storage
Mitigation benefits Adaptation benefits
Upstream
reforestation
Green roofs,
greenways
Nature-based solutions – operationalising links

19. Good practice highlight: Stuttgart, Germany
• Located in a valley basin with dense development on slopes;
• Bad air quality; extreme heatwaves;
NbS fostered through:
• Ventilation corridors;
• Open and green space conversion or conservation;
• New building codes: green measures for buildings (courtyards,
facades, urban gardens)
• Blue infrastructure improved
Result
• 39% of land is protected area (forests, trees, parks)
• Extreme and more frequent heatwaves’ peak temperatures lowered;
Source:
https://www.stuttgart.de/leben/stadtentwicklung/stadt
planung/stadterneuerung/foerderprogramme-urbanes-
gruen.php
Nature-based solutions – operationalising links

20. Adaptation-mitigation linkages – trade-offs
Source: (OECD 2021) Strengthening Adaptation-Mitigation Linkages for a Low-Carbon, Climate-Resilient Future

21. Adaptation-mitigation linkages in climate policies
• Linkages are increasingly
recognised in country climate
policies (NAP's, NDC's);
• Linkages are most often
recognised in countries’ policies
in agriculture, forestry and land
use, but rarely described more
concretely;
Good practice highlight: Italy provides a detailed list of
potential synergies and outlines actions that are
beneficial to both, such as the co-benefits of
sustainable mobility;
Adaptation-Mitigation linkages in climate actions across sectors
Source: OECD (2021), "Strengthening adaptation-mitigation linkages for a low-carbon, climate-resilient future", OECD
Environment Policy Papers, No. 23, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/6d79ff6a-en.

22. 22
Operationalising linkages through NbS: Persisting
challenges
In practice, NbS tend to be:
• Implemented on an ad hoc basis
• Not integrated in wider planning efforts
• Little follow-up on effectiveness and performance

23. • Improve co-ordination between mitigation and
adaptation stakeholders
• Adjust reporting mechanisms by countries on their
climate actions in a way that they capture linkages
• Continue to adapt decision-support tools to facilitate
alignment considerations for project managers
• Document country practices more systematically
What can be done to maximise synergies?

24. Covid-19 Recovery provides an important
opportunity to capitalise on synergies and strive
to achieve climate resilience
Measures that reinforce adaptation and
mitigation synergies, including through NbS, can
create and sustain jobs, build a path for
sustainable and inclusive growth, offering
important co-benefits for human well-being and
the environment
Conclusions

25. 25
THANK YOU
• Anthony.cox@oecd.org
Climate Change Adaptation at the OECD:
http://www.oecd.org/environment/cc/climate-adaptation/

26. Q&A

27. 5 MINUTE BREAK

28. Country Inputs:
Approaches to Integrated Climate Policy Making
CRISPIN D’AUVERGNE
Climate Change and Disaster
Risk Management Coordinator
(Organization of the Eastern
Caribbean States (OECS)
CRISTINA RODRIGUEZ
Director of Adaptation to
Climate Change and
Desertification (Ministry of the
Environment)

29. PERÚ LIMPIO
PERÚ NATURAL
Nature-based Solutions as a means to deliver both adaptation and
mitigation benefits and connected the NDC and NAP processes

30. PERÚ LIMPIO
PERÚ NATURAL
Table of contents
1. Comprehensive Climate Change
Management
2. National Adaptation Plan
3. NDC and NbS
4. NbS priorities and challenges

31. Comprehensive
Climate Change
Management
1

32. PERÚ LIMPIO
Comprehensive Climate Change Management in Peru
Incorporate actions to face
climate change in the country's
development process
based on the mandate of the Framework Law on
Climate Change
through public policies that are executed
in a participatory, multisectoral, multilevel and
multiactor spirit

33. PERÚ LIMPIO
PERÚ NATURAL
The Law and Regulations aim at the comprehensive
management of climate change, assigning responsibilities
at the national, regional and local levels.
One of the tools to strengthen adaptation to climate change
proposed by the Law and Regulations is the National
Adaptation Plan (NAP)
MINAM is the National Authority on Climate Change that
conducts its comprehensive management.
Framework Law on Climate Change
and its Regulations
The Law was promulgated on April 2, 2018. Its Regulations,
formulated through a participatory process and consultation
with indigenous peoples, was approved on December 31, 2019.

34. PERÚ LIMPIO
PERÚ NATURAL
National
Adaptation
Plan
2

35. PERÚ LIMPIO
PERÚ NATURAL
Document constructed under a participatory and legitimacy process at the multisectoral,
multilevel and multiactor level at the national and sub-national level.
Results of the NAP process
Priorities
Conceptual
model
Active
participation
Conceptual and
methodological model
for the Adaptation
process in Peru with
contributions from
state and non-state
actors.
National risk scenarios
for climate-related
hazards in 2030 and
2050 to improve
territorial
prioritization of
adaptation measures.
We count with 92
NDCs for adaptation
to 2030 and 3
strategic objectives
with 13 strategic lines
of action with the
vision for 2050.
The pioneering
participatory process, for
having assumed a face-to-
face and virtual stage with
inclusive, multisectoral,
multilevel and multiactor
characteristics.
Climate-related
risk scenarios

36. PERÚ LIMPIO
PERÚ NATURAL
Subjects:
13 STRATEGIC ACTIONS
92 NDC measures
GENERAL OBJECTIVE
Reduce and/or avoid current and future damages, losses and alterations triggered by
climate-related hazards as well as to take advantage of the opportunities that climate
change offers for sustainable and resilient development.
Planning outcomes
Ecosystems, basins
and territories
Infrastructure,
goods and services
Populations and
their livelihoods

37. NDC and
NbS
3

38. PERÚ LIMPIO
PERÚ NATURAL
92 Adaptation Measures 62 Mitigation Measures
The NDCs are the actions of each country to adapt to climate change and reduce greenhouse gas
emissions. In this way, they contribute to the overall goal of the Paris Agreement.
Reduce the levels of vulnerability and
risk associated with climate change and
take advantage of its opportunities.
30% reduction in GHG emissions in 2030,
compared to 2010, and an additional 10%
conditional on international support
Peru's Climate Commitment (NDC)

39. PERÚ LIMPIO
PERÚ NATURAL
• 7 NbS measures
(adaptation)
NDC
with
NbS
Forest
Water
Farming
• 4 NbS measures
• 6 NbS measures
Fishing • 2 NbS measures
• Peru has 33 NDC measures related to NbS of which 19 are climate change
adaptation measures, and 14 mitigation measures involving public and
private actors, academia and indigenous communities.
• 14 NbS measures
(mitigation)

40. PERÚ LIMPIO
Implementation of water harvesting activities
that contribute to filtration, storage and
recharge of aquifers.
Ecosystem restoration to
maintain landscape
connectivity and reduce
impacts from extreme
weather events.
Management of natural grasslands to ensure
the feeding of the livestock and reduce their
vulnerability to climate change.

41. PERÚ LIMPIO
PERÚ NATURAL
NbS
priorities and
challenges

42. PERÚ LIMPIO
PERÚ NATURAL
Sinergies between adaptation and
mitigation measures
A single intervention, in either adaptation or mitigation, can have co-
benefits, for example a community forest management mitigation measure
can also have value in ecosystem resilience. We need to increase data
collection in order to identify these potential processes.
NbS actions are means to demonstrate synergies between mitigation and
adaptation, with results in favor of ecosystem services and development.

43. PERÚ LIMPIO
PERÚ NATURAL
Peru: Vanguard Country
In 2020 Peru was recognized as a vanguard country by the Nature-based Solutions
action track of the Global Adaptation Commission.
The experience
implementing NbS:
natural infrastructure
and EbA projects.
Commitment to scale NbS
in planning and public
policies such as the NAP, in
the Platform to face climate
change of indigenous
peoples, and our Law.
Demostration of a
commitment to contribute to
the Global Adaptation
Commission (GCA): Peru's
convening country of the GCA

44. PERÚ LIMPIO
Investing in natural infrastructure, to face the
risks associated with the climate, provides a
return on investment of 4 to 1.
Thus, between this year and towards 2030,
investments in resilient infrastructure could
generate $ 4.2 trillion in benefits.
Source: Global Commission for Adaptation, 2020.
NbS are a cost-effective solution

45. PERÚ LIMPIO
PERÚ NATURAL
Progress in the development of NbS
strategies
• Framework Law on Climate Change and its Regulations
• National Strategy for Climate Change.
• 33 NDC at the National Level already related to NbS
• Different guidelines and public investment tools that facilitate
investments in our natural capital.
• Lessons learned from the experiences of AbE, Natural Infrastructure,
MERESE, Protected natural areas.
• 5 EBA Projects in Protected natural areas
• We are part of the international community on NbS to promote exchange
learning (GCA).
MANAGEMENT INSTRUMENTS
Actions

46. PERÚ LIMPIO
PERÚ NATURAL
They are instruments that allow generating,
channeling and investing in actions aimed at the
conservation, recovery and sustainable use of
ecosystems, as a source of ecosystem services.
Payment for ecosystem services
In Peru are implementing this as a
Payments for Ecosistem Services (MERESE
acronym in the Peruvian mechanism).

47. PERÚ LIMPIO
PERÚ NATURAL
Example of MERESE
Retribution
Benefit
Voluntary agreements
Contributor
Retributors
MERESE – FIDA project: successful experience
through conservation and sustainable use
actions in high Andean ecosystems (pastures,
forests and wetlands).
Among the actions are: reforestation,
construction of barriers, distribution channels
and infiltration ditches.
37 conservation and recovery subprojects
financed ($ 1 563 853 aprox).
13 988.4 hectares to conserve and recover
(1 573 families benefited)

48. PERÚ LIMPIO
PERÚ NATURAL
Integrate the NbS concept into the main
climate change instruments, along with
further research on their outcomes
Implement enabling conditions and
interventions with a territorial,
multistakeholder & multisectoral,
approach.
Disseminate information about the
benefits of NbS, as more cost-effective
measures, to leverage financing.
What are our priorities related to NbS?

49. PERÚ LIMPIO
Cristina Rodríguez Valladares
Director of Adaptation to Climate Change and Desertification
General Direction of Climate Change and Desertification

50. 50
The Adaptation-
Mitigation Nexus in
the OECS
Crispin d’Auvergne
Programme Director,
Climate and Disaster Resilience
OECS Commission

51. The Eastern Caribbean is Vulnerable!
The Small Island developing states of the Eastern
Caribbean are particularly to the impacts of climate
change, that have the ability to devastate ecosystems and
infrastructure, ruin economies and undo and stymie
development.
Adaptation is therefore an urgent priority!
Photo: NOAA
Photo: The Guardian

52. • Despite their miniscule greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions,
countries in the region are keen to pursue mitigation action
to:
• Contribute to their own survival
• Reduce energy costs
• Reduce energy dependence
• Flatten energy volatility
• Protect the environment
Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction also Makes Sense!

53. The Nexus between Adaptation and Mitigation
Opportunities exist in the region to blend adaptation and mitigation

54. 54
AIM: Increased deployment of renewable energy technologies
in support of corporate, household, national and regional goals
to increase energy and climate resilience while contributing to
the protection of the climate.

55. WHY SOLAR?
ü Increasingly accepted as a viable and price-
competitive alternative source of energy
ü Scalable from streetlight to household to grid
scale.
ü Offers opportunities to engage stakeholders at all
levels
ü Provides visibility for climate action taken
ü Generates measurable results.
ü Can come in the form of hurricane-proof
installations that promote both climate mitigation
and climate adaptation.
ü Stands to benefit from a growing pool of expertise
in the region
ü Benefits multiple sectors

56. At least 6.5 MW (subject to
review) of new S/M PV
installed in the Eastern
Caribbean
At least 0.45 MW installed on
public buildings in at least 9
MS (minimum of 50KW in
each of 9 MS)
At least 1.55 MW installed on
commercial/industrial and
residential buildings across the
OECS
By 2025
By 2023
By 2023
WORKING TARGET & TIMELINE

57. THANK YOU!
crispin.dauvergne@oecs.int

58. BEFORE YOU
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59. napglobalnetwork.org
Twitter: @NAP_Network