William Kent is considered a founder of the English landscape garden style in the early 18th century. He began composing gardens to look like landscape paintings, with informal and irregular designs inspired by nature. Key characteristics include meandering paths, rolling lawns, groves of trees, ha-ha walls to separate grazing lands from gardens, and manmade features like lakes, bridges, and grottos built to look natural. Examples like Chatsworth House, Chiswick House, and Rousham House feature these elements and helped establish the English landscape garden as the principal new style across Europe.

1. ENGLISH
LANDSCAPE
PRESENTED BY –
DHANRAJ .S
T.Y.B.ARCH
MMIED COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE PUNE
PRESENTED TO
AR. PRADNYA MORE

2. Many people consider that the landscape garden are the greatest contribution of
England to world culture after Shakespeare.

3. Concept behind it! William kent
– In the early years of 18th century , the Artist and Designer William Kent began
to compose gardens look like landscape paintings.
– The new style that became known as the English garden was invented by
landscape designers WILLIAM KENT and CHARLES BRIDGEMAN
–

4. WILLIAM KENT (1685–1748)
– William Kent (1685–1748) was an architect,
painter and furniture designer who
introduced Palladian style architecture to England.
– Kent's inspiration came from Palladios buildings in
the Veneto and the landscapes and ruins around
Rome
– He lived in Italy from 1709 to 1719, and brought
back many drawings of antique architecture and
landscapes.
– His gardens were designed to complement the
Palladian architecture of the houses he built.[
Chiswick House

5. What these paintings had in
them

6. ENGLISH LANDSCAPE

7. ENGLISH LANDSCAPE

8. English landscape gardens
– The English landscape garden, also called English landscape park or simply the
English garden.
– It is a style of "landscape" garden which emerged in England in the early 18th
century.
– These English garden replaced more formal, symmetrical jardin à la française of the
17th century as the principal gardening style of Europe.
– This style was inspired by painting and its design was influenced through many
disciplines such as history, philosophy and science.
– The innovative design of the English landscape style forever changed gardening and
influences many homeowners to bring a sense of nature into their own yard to this
day.

9. ENGLISH LANDSCAPE

10. ENGLISH LANDSCAPE

11. ENGLISH LANDSCAPE

12. Why did the shift happened
– Before the introduction of English landscape, nature was viewed as dangerous ,
cranky .
– the English landscape completely changed this view to appreciate and value the
natural world.

13. Before English garden…..
– Before English garden most garden was arranged in French or Dutch style .
– These French and Dutch gardens have rectangular subdivision.
–
– Straight avenues & paths and water contained symmetrically shaped basin

14. Old garden style
– Gardens before English garden French garden layout

15. Elements within English
gardens
• Ruins Garden of Rousham House

16. Elements within English
gardens
Recreation of classic building

17. Elements within English
gardens
• Bridges Stour-head English garden

18. Elements within English
gardens
• Natural stone Dessau-Wörlitz Garden Realm

19. Elements within English
gardens
• Cobblestone

20. Elements within English
gardens
• Wattle edging & panels

21. Elements within English
gardens
• Bee skep

22. Common characteristics of an
English garden.
– Lake
– There was always a lake in the English gardens, most were man-made but all
appeared to be natural forming basins.
– Their edges were meandering and irregular and often had pathways weaving
through the trees and close to the water’s edge.
–

23. Common characteristics of an
English garden.
– Rolling lawns
– rolling lawn topography allowed visitorrs for surprises as they come around
mounds or niches.
–

24. Common characteristics of an
English garden.
– 1.Tree groves
– Tree groves - were spread throughout the landscape with paths that allowed
the gardens users to wander in and out of the groves and provide a view of
rolling lawns against mass tree plantings.
–

25. Common characteristics of an
English garden.
Ha ha wall
– The purpose of ha ha wall was to separate garden from the grazing land but
was invisible from a distance .
– Cattle could be kept securely in their fields without the use of hedges or fences
to interrupt the view
–

26. Common characteristics of an
English garden.
– Grottos
– grottos were used as romantic hide outs. They were manmade but build to
resemble a dark natural forming cave.

27. EXAMPLES

28. Chatsworth house
Location- Near bakewell , derbyshire.
Country- England
Architectural style- English baroque, Italianate.
Architects- William Talman , Thomas Archer , Jeffry
Wyattville , James Paine.
Chatsworth house is built on sloping ground, lower on the
north and west sides than on the south and east sides.

29. – The 1st dukes chatsworth was a key building in the development of english
baroque architecture.
– The house set in expansive parkland and backed by wooded, rocky hills
rising to heather moorland , contains an important collection of paintings ,
furniture, old master drawings, neoclassical sculptures , books, and other
aetefacts.
– Chatsworth has been selected as the united kingdoms favourite country
house several times.
Chatsworth house

30. English landscape garden
Chatsworth house

31. Chatsworth house
garden

32. Chiswick House
– Location – Chiswick , London, England.
– City or Town – London.
– Architect- Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington
– Architectural style – Palladian architecture.
– Owner- English Heritage
– The house and garden occupy 26.33 hectares (65.1 acres), the garden were
created mainly by architect and landscape designer William kent.

33. – The garden is one of the earliest examples of the English
landscape garden.
– The gardens, like villa, were inspired by the architecture of
ancient rome combined with the influence of contemporary
poetry and the theatre design.
– The gardens at chiswick were filled with fabriques (garden
buildings) which illustrated Lord Burlingtons knowledge of
Roman, Greek, Egyptian and Renaissance architecture and
statues and architecture which expressed his wing (very
possibly jacobite) ideas.

34. – Stourhead , Stowe, West Wycombe, Holkham, and Rousham were to follow suit,
creating a type of garden which eventually would known as English landscape
garden.
CHISWICK HOUSE MAP OF CHISWICK HOUSE
CHISWICK HOUSE GARDEN

35. CHISWICK HOUSE GARDEN

36. Garden of Rousham House
– Rousham House in Oxfordshire is considered by some as the most accomplished
and significant of William Kent's work.
– The patron was General Dormer, who commissioned Bridgeman to begin the
garden in 1727.
– But then brought in Kent to recreate it in 1737.

37. Garden of Rousham House

38. Garden of Rousham House
– One of those technique is ha ha wall
– A wall that separated garden from grazing land , being invisible from a distance
Cattle could be kept separated without the use of hedges or fences
– Haha wall
–

39. Garden of Rousham House
He has used a statue of Apollo inside the garden , depicting a theatre play that how a
groove of trees draws the eye on the statute .

40. Garden of Rousham House
It was made on purpose to direct the view towards the field above the garden

41. Garden of Rousham House
Kent’s crafted views are best appreciated from the seat he has designed and scattered
throughout his gardens this rustic seat provide the view of garden to watch the river flow
beneath the stone bridge

42. Garden of Rousham House
After years of experimenting with cascades and different commissions he created the
spectacular veil of venus at roushams it had fountain at that time which went up as long
as 50 feet in air.

43. Garden of Rousham House
At rousham kent extended the views into the distance by designing a gothic style alteration
to an old mill on the other side of river.
High up in the hill he created a large triple arch architectural folly called the eye-catcher

44. Garden of Rousham House
Kent’s garden often announced themselves
with spectacular gates , entrances ,
He has put those gates and entrances on
the perimeter of the land owner holdings in
roushams

45. English Landscape Style Guide
– Use this design sheet to help you create the perfect English landscape. You'll get
ideas for color, décor, materials, plants and fabric. It is a great starting point for
any landscaping project
MATERIALS

46. English Landscape Style Guide
DECOR
PLANT
PALETTE

47. English Landscape Style Guide

48. THANK YOU
– REFERNCE
– https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_landscape_garden
– https://www.theenglishgarden.co.uk/expert-advice/design-
solutions/design_the_english_landscape_garden_/
– https://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/features/how-has-the-english-landscape-
garden-developed
– https://www.landscapingnetwork.com/english-design/
– https://www.britainexpress.com/History/landscape_gardens.htm
– https://www.gardendesign.com/abroad/romantic-english-gardens.html