Quality and best engine provides better performance and boost our engines (vehicle's) efficiency. So it is better to follow a good engine management system.
ECU ... Engine Control Unit .. Inputs & Outputs _ ExplainedKamel Elsayed
ECU ... Engine Control Unit .. Inputs & Outputs _ ExplainedEngine sensors and its functions and pictures.
In internal combustion engines, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is a nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions reduction technique used in petrol/gasoline and diesel engines. EGR works by recirculating a portion of an engine's exhaust gas back to the engine cylinders. This dilutes the O2 in the incoming air stream and provides gases inert to combustion to act as absorbents of combustion heat to reduce peak in-cylinder temperatures. NOx is produced in a narrow band of high cylinder temperatures and pressures.
Introduction : Basic Feature of an Automobile
Car Body Details
Types of Vehicle
Body Engineering Terminology
Morphology of Vehicle Body ( Structural ) Design
Design Considerations
This helps you to know the advance technology of automotive.
The Engine operations are managed and controlled electronics in terms of proper mixing controlling distribution and injecting or igniting of air and fuel mixture to achieve high performance, low emission intelligent engine.
Quality and best engine provides better performance and boost our engines (vehicle's) efficiency. So it is better to follow a good engine management system.
ECU ... Engine Control Unit .. Inputs & Outputs _ ExplainedKamel Elsayed
ECU ... Engine Control Unit .. Inputs & Outputs _ ExplainedEngine sensors and its functions and pictures.
In internal combustion engines, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is a nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions reduction technique used in petrol/gasoline and diesel engines. EGR works by recirculating a portion of an engine's exhaust gas back to the engine cylinders. This dilutes the O2 in the incoming air stream and provides gases inert to combustion to act as absorbents of combustion heat to reduce peak in-cylinder temperatures. NOx is produced in a narrow band of high cylinder temperatures and pressures.
Introduction : Basic Feature of an Automobile
Car Body Details
Types of Vehicle
Body Engineering Terminology
Morphology of Vehicle Body ( Structural ) Design
Design Considerations
This helps you to know the advance technology of automotive.
The Engine operations are managed and controlled electronics in terms of proper mixing controlling distribution and injecting or igniting of air and fuel mixture to achieve high performance, low emission intelligent engine.
Automotive Electronics In Automobile | Electronic control unitjignesh parmar
this presentation covers Automotive Electronics Management in Automobile Engineering
It Includes>>
ECU
SENSOR
ACTUAORS
Electronic control unit, a generic term for any embedded system that controls one or more of the electrical systems or subsystems in a motor vehicle
1. Definition of Control System
A control system is a system of devices or set of devices, that manages commands, directs or regulates the behaviour of other device(s) or system(s) to achieve desire results. In other words the definition of control system can be rewritten as a control system is a system, which controls other system. As the human civilization is being modernized day by day the demand of automation is increasing accordingly. Automation highly requires control of devices.
In recent years, control systems plays main role in the development and advancement of modern technology and civilization. Practically every aspects of our day-to-day life is affected less or more by some control system. A bathroom toilet tank, a refrigerator, an air conditioner, a geezer, an automatic iron, an automobile all are control system. These systems are also used in industrial process for more output. We find control system in quality control of products, weapons system, transportation systems, power system, space technology, robotics and many more. The principle of control theory is applicable to engineering and non engineering field both.
1.1 Feature of Control System
The main feature of control system is, there should be a clear mathematical relation between input and output of the system.
1.2 Requirement of Good Control System
Accuracy: Accuracy is the measurement tolerance of the instrument and defines the limits of the errors made when the instrument is used in normal operating conditions. Accuracy can be improved by using feedback elements. To increase accuracy of any control system error detector should be present in control system.
Sensitivity: The parameters of control system are always changing with change in surrounding conditions, internal disturbance or any other parameters. This change can be expressed in terms of sensitivity. Any control system should be insensitive to such parameters but sensitive to input signals only.
Noise: An undesired input signal is known as noise. A good control system should be able to reduce the noise effect for better performance.
Stability: It is an important characteristic of control system. For the bounded input signal, the output must be bounded and if input is zero then output must be zero then such a control system is said to be stable system.
Bandwidth: An operating frequency range decides the bandwidth of control system. Bandwidth should be large as possible for frequency response of good control system.
Speed: It is the time taken by control system to achieve its stable output. A good control system possesses high speed. The transient period for such system is very small.
Oscillation: A small numbers of oscillation or constant oscillation of output tend to system to be stable.
2. Types of Control Systems
There are two main types of control system. They are as follows
1. Open Loop Control System
2. Closed loop control system
This presentation will introduce the reader about the automobile HVAC system which will very effectively further lay down foundation for his/her further understanding on this topic.Things are explained in logical way so that it is easy to understand and memorise also.
What is an Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS)?
History of ABS
Motivation for ABS Development
Principles for ABS Operation
ABS Components
Subaru Impreza ABS Application.
How does ABS work?
Anti-Lock Brake Types
ABS Configurations
Design Challenges
Advantages & Disadvantages
ABS Problems
Chassis is the main support structure of the vehicle which is also known as ‘Carrying Unit’. It bears all the stresses on the vehicle in both static and dynamic conditions.”
In this PPT, I'm explaining about Automotive electronics , In which we are going to discuss about sensors, Actuators, ECU.
If you have any doubts regarding this topic please comment below.
This is a project made by me as I'm a Automobile Student,
And I hope this will help you too...
This Presentation covers mostly all the tech used in a car.
'Learn something new every day and make your surroundings a better place for others'.
Don't have a good day have a great day...
Automotive Electronics In Automobile | Electronic control unitjignesh parmar
this presentation covers Automotive Electronics Management in Automobile Engineering
It Includes>>
ECU
SENSOR
ACTUAORS
Electronic control unit, a generic term for any embedded system that controls one or more of the electrical systems or subsystems in a motor vehicle
1. Definition of Control System
A control system is a system of devices or set of devices, that manages commands, directs or regulates the behaviour of other device(s) or system(s) to achieve desire results. In other words the definition of control system can be rewritten as a control system is a system, which controls other system. As the human civilization is being modernized day by day the demand of automation is increasing accordingly. Automation highly requires control of devices.
In recent years, control systems plays main role in the development and advancement of modern technology and civilization. Practically every aspects of our day-to-day life is affected less or more by some control system. A bathroom toilet tank, a refrigerator, an air conditioner, a geezer, an automatic iron, an automobile all are control system. These systems are also used in industrial process for more output. We find control system in quality control of products, weapons system, transportation systems, power system, space technology, robotics and many more. The principle of control theory is applicable to engineering and non engineering field both.
1.1 Feature of Control System
The main feature of control system is, there should be a clear mathematical relation between input and output of the system.
1.2 Requirement of Good Control System
Accuracy: Accuracy is the measurement tolerance of the instrument and defines the limits of the errors made when the instrument is used in normal operating conditions. Accuracy can be improved by using feedback elements. To increase accuracy of any control system error detector should be present in control system.
Sensitivity: The parameters of control system are always changing with change in surrounding conditions, internal disturbance or any other parameters. This change can be expressed in terms of sensitivity. Any control system should be insensitive to such parameters but sensitive to input signals only.
Noise: An undesired input signal is known as noise. A good control system should be able to reduce the noise effect for better performance.
Stability: It is an important characteristic of control system. For the bounded input signal, the output must be bounded and if input is zero then output must be zero then such a control system is said to be stable system.
Bandwidth: An operating frequency range decides the bandwidth of control system. Bandwidth should be large as possible for frequency response of good control system.
Speed: It is the time taken by control system to achieve its stable output. A good control system possesses high speed. The transient period for such system is very small.
Oscillation: A small numbers of oscillation or constant oscillation of output tend to system to be stable.
2. Types of Control Systems
There are two main types of control system. They are as follows
1. Open Loop Control System
2. Closed loop control system
This presentation will introduce the reader about the automobile HVAC system which will very effectively further lay down foundation for his/her further understanding on this topic.Things are explained in logical way so that it is easy to understand and memorise also.
What is an Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS)?
History of ABS
Motivation for ABS Development
Principles for ABS Operation
ABS Components
Subaru Impreza ABS Application.
How does ABS work?
Anti-Lock Brake Types
ABS Configurations
Design Challenges
Advantages & Disadvantages
ABS Problems
Chassis is the main support structure of the vehicle which is also known as ‘Carrying Unit’. It bears all the stresses on the vehicle in both static and dynamic conditions.”
In this PPT, I'm explaining about Automotive electronics , In which we are going to discuss about sensors, Actuators, ECU.
If you have any doubts regarding this topic please comment below.
This is a project made by me as I'm a Automobile Student,
And I hope this will help you too...
This Presentation covers mostly all the tech used in a car.
'Learn something new every day and make your surroundings a better place for others'.
Don't have a good day have a great day...
Multi-point fuel injection system infuses fuel in to the intake valves of each cylinder. Sensors located in the vehicle's fuel engine system helps the control unit to determine when certain functions need to occur. Typical sensors used in multi-point fuel injection system are as follows:
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL GENERAL FAMILIARIZATION COURSEDuvanRamosGarzon1
AIRCRAFT GENERAL
The Single Aisle is the most advanced family aircraft in service today, with fly-by-wire flight controls.
The A318, A319, A320 and A321 are twin-engine subsonic medium range aircraft.
The family offers a choice of engines
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
4. What is an ECU ? .
In the Automobile industry an electronic
control unit (ECU) is an embedded
electronic device, basically a digital
computer, that reads signals coming from
sensors placed at various parts and in
different components of the car and
depending on this information controls
various important units.
e.g. Engine, ECM - Engine Control
Module, EBCM - Electronic Brake
Control Module, PCM – Power train
Control Module, VCM - Vehicle Control
Module and BCM - Body Control
Module
5. What an ECU does ? .
The ECU uses closed-loop control, a control scheme that
monitors outputs of a system to control the inputs to a
system, managing the emissions and fuel economy of the
engine (as well as a host of other parameters).
Gathering data from dozens of different sensors, the ECU
performs millions of calculations each second, including
looking up values in tables, calculating the results of long
equations to decide on the best spark timing or determining
how long the fuel injector is open.
6. Hardware Design of
ECU• Hardware Design of ECUPower/Mech.
Efficiency
A/F Ratio
Volumetric
Efficiency
Specific O/P
Specific Fuel
Consumptn
Thermal Eff/Ht.
Balance
Exhaust Smoke
Effective Pr’
Torque
7. Components of ECU
• An ECU consists of a number of functional blocks:
• 1. Power Supply – digital and analog (power for analog sensors)
• 2. MPU – microprocessor and memory (usually Flash and RAM)
• 3. Communications Link – (e.g. CAN bus)
• 4. Discrete Inputs – On/Off Switch type inputs
• 5. Frequency Inputs – encoder type signals (e.g. crank or vehicle speed)
• 6. Analog Inputs – feedback signals from sensors
• 7. Switch Outputs – On/Off Switch type outputs
• 8. PWM Outputs – variable frequency and duty cycle (e.g. injector or
ignition)
• 9. Frequency Outputs – constant duty cycle (e.g. stepper motor – idle
8. PRIMARY
MAP
MAF
Crankshaft position
Oxygen
VR Tacho
Throttle Position
Knock Sensor
Engine RPM
Intake Air TEMP
SECONDARY
Transmission fluid temp
Brake force meter
Tire Pressure
TSS-Turbo Speed
Engine Coolant Temp
NEUTRAL START
A/C Compressor Relay
TERTIARY
Blind-Spot
Parking
Speed
Door Closure
Proximity
Curb Sensor
Stop Light
Head Light
SENSORS Used
10. Number Crunching
A modern ECU might contain a 32-bit, 40-MHz
processor, which may not sound fast compared to the
processors we probably have in our PCs, but the
processor in our car runs a much more efficient code.
The code in an average ECU takes up less than 1
megabyte(MB) of memory. By comparison, we
probably have at least 2 gigabytes (GB) of programs on
our computers -- 2,000 times the amount in an ECU.
11. Sensors Used In Engine Management
System
• ENGINE SENSORS
• Oil Sensors
• Fuel Gauge Sensor
• Oxygen Sensor
• Throttle Position Sensor
• Crankshaft Position Sensor
• MAP Sensor
• Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor
• Mass Air Flow Sensor
• Temperature Sensor
12. OIL SENSORS
Oil sensors and oil analyzers are
used in automotive or industrial
machinery applications to sense oil
levels, and check for:
• Contamination
• Particulates
• Viscosity
• Temperature
Oil sensors and oil analyzers are also
known as ferrography instruments.
13. FUEL GAUGE
A fuel gauge is an instrument used to indicate the level of fuel contained in a tank.
As used in cars, the gauge consists of two parts:
• The sensing unit
• The indicator
14. OXYGEN SENSOR
This sensor is used in the mechanism serving for air fuel
ratio measurement, it is installed in the exhaust system of
the vehicle, attached to the engine's exhaust manifold, the
sensor measures the ratio of the air-fuel mixture.
15. THROTTLE POSITION SENSOR
A throttle position
sensor is a sensor used
used to monitor the
position of the throttle
in an internal
combustion engine. The
sensor is usually located
on the butterfly spindle
so that it can directly
monitor the position of
the throttle valve
16. CRANK POSITION SENSOR
A crank position sensor is
a component used in an
internal combustion
engine to monitor the
position or rotational
speed of the crankshaft.
This information is used
by engine management
systems to control
ignition system timing
and other engine
parameters.
18. MAPSENSOR
•A manifold absolute pressure sensor (MAP) is one of the sensors
used in an internal combustion engine's electronic control system.
•The manifold absolute pressure sensor provides instantaneous
manifold pressure information to the engine's electronic control unit
(ECU).
•The data is used to calculate air density and determine the engine's
air mass flow rate, which in turn determines the required fuel metering
for optimum combustion.
• A fuel-injected engine may alternately use a MAF (mass air flow)
sensor to detect the intake airflow. A typical configuration employs one
or the other, but seldom both.
19. Coolant Temperature Sensor
•The coolant temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature of
the engine coolant of an internal combustion engine.
•The readings from this sensor are then fed back to the Engine control
unit (ECU). This data from the sensor is then used to adjust the fuel
injection and ignition timing.
•On some vehicles the sensor may be used to switch on the electronic
cooling fan. The data may also be used to provide readings for a coolant
temperature gauge on the dash.
•The coolant temperature sensor works using resistance. As
temperature subjected to the sensor increases the internal resistance
changes.
•Depending on the type of sensor the resistance will either increase or
21. Mass Air Flow Sensor
• A mass air flow sensor (MAF) is used to find out the mass flow
rate of air entering a fuel-injected internal combustion engine.
• The air mass information is necessary for the engine control
unit (ECU) to balance and deliver the correct fuel mass to the
engine. Air changes its density as it expands and contracts
with temperature and pressure. In automotive applications, air
density varies with the ambient temperature, altitude and the
use of forced induction, which means that mass flow sensors
are more appropriate than volumetric flow sensors for
determining the quantity of intake air in each piston stroke
22. • Measured variable ;Temperature
• Direct/indirect measurement ;Direct
measurement at various locations
• Sensor technology/ reference ;
Thermistor or thermocouple
depending on temperature range
• Sensor mounting location ;Intake air,
outside air, catalytic converter,
engine coolant, hydraulic oil .
TEMPARATURE SENSOR
23. WHEEL SPEED SENSOR
A wheel speed sensor or
vehicle speed sensor (VSS) is
a type of tachometer. It is a
sender device used for
reading the speed of a
vehicle's wheel rotation. It
usually consists of a toothed
ring and pickup.
24. SPEEDOMETER
A speedometer is a device
that measures the
instantaneous speed of a land
vehicle.
The various types of
speedometers include:
• Eddy current speedometer
• Electronic speedometer
• Bicycle speedometer
25. Air bag control unit (ACU): It protects the occupant in the cars by
inflating the thin nylon balloon from the steering when automobile
colloids with any object
Body control unit (BCU) controls door locks, electric windows,
courtesy lights, etc.
Brake Control Module (BCM) :
Seat Control Unit
Speed control unit (SCU)
SAFETY UNITS
27. ADVANTAGES
• Ease of Control
• Adaptable to multiple scenarios
• Very low cost compared to mechanical systems
• Occupy lesser space-compact engine bay
• Less complicated design
• Zero wear
28. • .
Humans Make Mistake
In US alone, 400,0000 people die every
year in traffic accidents
SAFETY
29. ECU Challenges
The worse place in the world to put a sophisticated piece
of electronics is under the bonnet of a car due to massive
vibrations, constant heat variations and intense radio
interference from the ignition system added to the fact
that the manufacturers must produce on a huge scale,
this causes so many problems and design flaws with
modern day ECUs.
30. APPLICATIONS
• High-pressure pump
•Common-rail
• Gasoline injection systems a
• Fuel injectors
• Inter cooler turbo charger
•VVT-I ( Variable Valve Timing with intelligence)
• Catalytic converter and sensors