This document discusses different types of energy and energy sources. It begins by defining energy and describing its different forms, including heat, light, motion, electrical, chemical, and nuclear energy. It then discusses kinetic and potential energy. The document also covers renewable energy sources like solar, wind, hydro, geothermal, and biomass. Non-renewable sources like coal and fossil fuels are mentioned as well. Energy conversion and some examples are provided. The document concludes by discussing energy usage in different types of buildings.

1. ENERGY
Submitted By :-
Aariz Razdan(B.Arch,7th Sem)
Energy conscious architecture

2. INTRODUCTION
Energy is the quantitative property that must be transferred to an object in order to perform work on, or to heat, the
object. Energy is a conserved quantity; the law of conservation of energy states that energy can be converted in form, but
not created or destroyed. Or in the simplest form the ability to do work is called energy.
Energy comes in different forms :-
• Heat
• Light
• Motion
• Electrical
• Chemical
• Nuclear energy
• Gravitational energy

3. TYPES OF ENERGY
There are two types of energy :-
• Kinetic energy (working energy)
• Potential energy (stored energy)
KINETIC ENERGY
Every moving object in this earth has energy. The energy that a body
gets because of its motion is called kinetic energy.
For example, releasing the arrow from a bow. In this while an arrow
is released it uses some energy to move to the other point this is
known as the kinetic energy which is used at an instance to perform
a task.

4. TYPES OF ENERGY
POTENTIAL ENERGY
The stored up energy which has the potential to do work is called
the potential energy.
When the position of a body is altered it creates energy called
the potential energy. For example, a bow doesn’t have the
capacity to do work until and unless it is picked up and stretched.
When it is stretched the energy gets stored in it which is known
as the potential energy.

5. CONVERSION OF ENERGY
As we know that energy can neither be created nor destroyed , it can only be
transferred from one form to another form.
• Light energy can be converted to heat energy.
• Electrical energy can be converted to mechanical energy, light energy, heat energy,
etc.
• Chemical energy can be converted to electrical energy.
• Thermal energy can be converted to heat energy.
• Mechanical energy can be converted to electrical energy, potential energy, etc.
• Nuclear energy can be converted to light energy and heat energy.
• The Solar energy can be converted to heat energy, chemical energy, and electrical
energy.
• The Gravitational potential energy can be converted to kinetic energy,etc.

6. CONVERSION OF ENERGY
Some examples of energy conversion are:
• A vehicle moving is an example of chemical energy being converted
into kinetic energy.
• Electricity being produced with water is an example of potential
energy being converted into kinetic energy.
• A ball from a height towards the ground is an example of potential
energy being converted into kinetic energy.
• When you boil water using an electric kettle, it’s an example of electric
energy being converted into heat energy.

7. EVOLUTION OF ENERGY CONVERSION
• The Use of Fire: The first evidence of energy conversion from the early ages is when the ancient humans
discovered the use of fire. They burned dried plant, wood, and animal waste and used the resultant energy for
cooking and heating. This was followed by the use of mechanical energy that was used to harness the energy of
flowing water and wind. However, this generation of mechanical energy with the invention of simple devices
came much later around 2000 years after humans discovered the use of fire.
• Waterwheels: The earliest evidence of a machine being used to grind grain is that of a waterwheel, which was
later also used to drive sawmills and pumps, driving tilt hammers for forging iron, etc. Waterwheels were the
primary means of mechanical power production, rivaled only occasionally by windmills. Therefore, many
industrial towns, especially in early America, were set up at locations that assured water flow all year.
• Windmills: Apart from waterwheels, windmills were also used as a source of power to replace the animal
muscle. Windmills were used in various parts of the world to convert the wind energy into mechanical energy
for grinding grain, pumping water, and draining the lowland areas.

8. SOURCES OF ENERGY
There are two sources of energy :-
• Renewable sources.
• Non - renewable sources.
Renewable sources :-
By the name itself we can see its RE-NEW-ABLE that is the energy that can be
renewed or can be produced again are called the renewable resources.
The renewable sources include SUNLIGHT, WIND, RAIN, TIDES, GEOTHERMAL HEAT,
etc.

9. SOLAR ENERGY
The best and easy way to convert the sunlight into electrical energy are the
SOLAR PANELS. The solar panels are designed in such a way that as soon as
the sunlight falls on them they get activated and starts to produce electrons
and hence they produce electricity.
The solar energy is categorized as either active or passive depending on the
way they capture,convert and distribute electricity.
• The active solar technologies encompasses solar thermal energy, using
solar collectors for heating and solar power converting sunlight into
electricity either directly using photovoltaics or indirectly using
concentrated solar power.
• The passive techniques include orienting a building to the Sun, selecting
materials with favorable thermal mass or light dispersing properties, and
designing spaces that naturally circulate air

10. WIND ENERGY
Converting wind energy into other energies are done by using
the large wind mills either horizontally or vertically.
Large no. of windmills are setup in an open area where the
wind flow is higher tha the other parts and then by rotating
the wind turbines by the help of the wind the energy is
converted into electrical energy.
The wind mills are either placed horizontally or vertically
depending on the condition.
VERTICAL WIND TURBINE HORIZONAL WIND TURBINE

11. GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
Geothermal energy is the energy that is
being generated by the temperature of the
earth, i.e large pipes are penetrated inside
the earth surface and hence the hot fluid is
then taken up through them. Then these
hot fluids are then used to produce
electricity by passing through the turbines
set in the geothermal plant. After that the
cool water is then again sent back to the
earth surface to complete the loop.

12. HYDRO ENERGY
This is the another type of renewable resource energy
which is being generated by converting the hydro
energy into other energy.
In this process big turbines are used near the dams
where the water is allowed to pass in a very high
speed which rotates the turbines in very high speed
and hence generates electricity.
This is one of the most used type of generating
electricity in many countries.

13. BIOMASS ENERGY
The type of renewable energy resource in which
the bio products such as the plants , waste
vegetables, etc are used to produce energy is
known as biomass energy.
The waste products are dumped in a large
containers inside the earth and then after some
process those dumped products releases gas and
then it is stored in the other containers and are
supplied as fuel. The whole process is known as
the biomass conversion.

15. SOURCES OF ENERGY
Non-Renewable sources :-
Energy that cannot be renewed are know as the non
renewable resources.
For example, coal energy, fossil fuels energy, etc.
These energies cannot be renewed i.e. once they are finished
they cannot be again made or it may take upto thousands of
years to renew. So these resources of energies must be used
in a wise way.

16. Chart showing the use of non renewable
resources over renewable resources for
energy by 2017
Source - GOOGLE

17. ENERGY IN BUILDINGS
Electricity and natural gas are the most common energy sources
used in the buildings. Most individual buildings have their own
heating and cooling systems. However, there are district energy
systems that supply heating and cooling to groups of commercial
buildings. When many buildings are close together, such as on a
college campus or in a city, having a central heating and cooling
plant that distributes steam, hot water, or chilled water to
multiple buildings is sometimes more efficient. District energy
systems may also produce electricity along with heating and
cooling energy. District energy systems generally use fossil fuels
(coal, natural gas, or fuel oil), although some use renewable
sources of energy (biomass, geothermal, solar, and wind
energy).
Source - google

18. ENERGY USED BY TYPE OF BUILDINGS
Source - www.eia.gov/energyexplained
Here it is shown that which type of building uses how much percent of energy in comparison to other buildings.
1. Mercantile and service (15% of total energy consumed by commercial buildings)
• Malls and stores
• Car dealerships
• Dry cleaners
• Gas stations
2. Office (14% of consumption)
• Professional and government offices
• Banks
3. Education (10% of consumption)
• Elementary, middle, and high school
• Colleges
4. Health care (8% of consumption)
• Hospitals
• Medical offices
5. Lodging (6% of consumption)
• Hotels
• Dormitories
• Nursing homes
The chart shows which services use how much energy
of the total.