The document discusses energy conservation, covering the types of energy sources—renewable and non-renewable—and the importance of conserving energy to prevent scarcity and promote sustainability. It highlights the methods for energy conservation at household, transportation, and industrial levels, including efficient usage and the transition to renewable energy sources. Additionally, it emphasizes the benefits of energy conservation, such as financial savings and environmental protection, while noting the rapid depletion of conventional energy sources.

1. Topic: ENERGY CONSERVATION
PRESENTED BY: GROUP LEADER: 16 CH 19
ASSISTANT GROUP LEADER: 16 CH 42
MEMBERS: 16 CH 116, 16 CH 13
PRESENTED TO: PROF. DR. SHAHEEN AZIZ SHAIKH
SUBJECT: FUEL AND ENERY

2. CONTENTS
 ENERGY and its SOURCES.
 Introduction To ENERGY CONSERVATION
 Why ENERGY should be Conserved?
 Methods to Conserve Energy.

3. ENERGY:
-Energy lights our cities, powers our vehicles, and runs machinery in
factories. It warms and cools our homes, cooks our food, plays our
music, and gives us pictures on television.
-Energy is the capacity of a physical system to perform work.
-Energy exists in several forms such as heat, kinetic or mechanical
energy, light, potential energy, electrical or other forms.
-According to the law of conservation of energy, the total energy of a
system remains constant, though energy may transform into another
form.
-Energy is most noticeable as it transforms from one type to another.

4. SOURCES OF ENERGY:
Energy can be obtained from two broad sources.
Non-Renewable Energy & Renewable Energy Sources.
1. Non-Renewable Energy Sources:
-These sources of energy are used in large volumes but are available
in limited quantities in the nature.
-Just like energy generated from the combustion of fossil fuel is Non-
Renewable.
-These sources are going to deplete in near future & can’t be
are called ‘Conventional or (Non Renewable) sources of energy’.
Example: Coal , Natural Gas , Fossil Fuel, Nuclear fuels.

5. 2. Renewable Energy Sources:
-The sources of energy which are abundantly available in nature and
are not going to deplete are called ‘Non Conventional (Renewable)
sources of energy’.
-Renewable energy is generated from natural sources.
-It is available in plenty and by far most the cleanest sources of energy
available on this planet.
Example:
Solar Energy, Tidal Energy, Wind Energy, Energy from Geothermal,
Biomass from plants etc.

7. ENERGY CONSERVATION:
-Energy conservation is the practice of decreasing the quantity of energy
used for the same quality and quantity of Output.
-It may be achieved through efficient usage of energy , in which case
energy use is decreased while achieving a similar outcome, or by reduced
consumption of energy services.
-Energy Conservation is simply using energy efficiently for prolonged
or saving it for the future. It avoids wasting non-renewable energy
resources and can prove eco-friendly.
-It refers to the efforts made to reduce energy consumption. Energy
conservation can be achieved through increased efficient energy use, in
conjunction with decreased energy consumption and/or reduced
consumption from conventional energy sources.

8. WHY SHOULD WE CONSERVE ENERGY:
-Energy conservation results in increase of Financial
capital, environmental value, national security, personal
security, and human comfort.
-Individuals and organizations that are direct consumers
of energy may want to conserve energy in order to
energy costs and promote economic security.
-Industrial and commercial users may want to increase
efficiency and thus maximize the profit.

9. -Conventional (Non-Renewable) energy resources like coal, petroleum
products, natural gas etc. are the major sources of energy in present
trend.
-Due to their continuous and increased consumption, they are depleting
at rapid rate.
-Furthermore, our consumption is increasing day by day which mean
these fuels will last much earlier than expected.
-At Present consumption levels, Crude oil will only last for 40 years,
Gas for 60 years and Coal will be nearly finished within 200 years.
-They may not last till the end of this century, leading to starvation of
these fuels in near future which forces us to rely on Renewable Sources.

10. -If we don’t conserve energy, it will soon be all used up. And there’ll be
scarcity of energy, everything will be expensive as we use energy for all
the things.
-And our future generations won’t have enough energy to use.

11. Methods to Conserve Energy
-The electricity that we use comes from nuclear power, coal power
plants, Oil that we use to run our vehicles are fossil fuels that were
created million of years ago from decaying plants and there supply
soon be over.
-So To conserve the energy we must switch to another alternative like
Renewable Energy resources because they are long-lasting.
-Every Day The Earth Receives An Amount Of Solar Energy Equal To
To 30 Years Of World Fossil Fuel Energy Use.
-Following methods of energy conservation should be carried out at
different schematic levels listed below;

12. ENERGY CONSERVATION AT HOUSE HOLD LEVEL:
-We should not keep lights unnecessarily switched on.
-Reduce the energy that your appliances consume by
analyzing star ratings.
-While purchasing any appliance like Geyser, refrigerator etc,
we should prefer five star product rather than cheap energy
waster ones.
-Replace light bulbs with CFL lights to save more electricity.
-Use maximum day light to enlighten our home.
-Fix air-leaks at our home.

13. ENERGY CONSERVATION AT HOUSE HOLD LEVEL:
- Alternative resources i.e. renewable energy sources should be used
place of non-renewable energy sources.
Eg: Solar Energy, Biogas, Wind energy etc.
- Solar energy for cooking and heating should be promoted.
- Projects involving wind-generated energy for community and
municipal needs should be demonstrated to the whole community.
-Programs of energy generation from biogas should be
to people for its efficient use.

14. ENERGY CONSERVATION AT TRANSPORTATION LEVEL:
-Reduction of fuel consumption:-
-Car speed should be maintained as far as possible 50 to 60 km/hr.
-We should avoid frequent starts and stops to reduce fuel
consumption.
-We should apply brakes gradually as far as possible
-Turning off a vehicles engine at stops rather than idling & using
control.
-Drive less, walk more.

15. ENERGY CONSERVATION AT INDUSTRIAL LEVEL:
-Energy Auditing.
-Process modification.
-Improved measuring instruments.
-Energy loss reduction.
-Light load reduction.

16. THE END