This document provides an overview of software-defined networking (SDN) and network functions virtualization (NFV). It discusses the motivation for SDN and NFV, including making networks more flexible and reducing costs. Key benefits mentioned are reduced equipment costs, increased speed of service deployment, and more flexible allocation of network resources. OpenFlow is introduced as an SDN protocol. The relationship between SDN and NFV is explored, noting they are complementary approaches. Examples of potential applications of NFV are listed.
Introduction to SDN: Software Defined NetworkingAnkita Mahajan
SDN is the next big thing in networking. It focuses on separating the intelligence from the hardware. OpenFlow is one of the ways (currently the open standard followed by all Datacenters) to implement SDN.
Presentation detailed about SDN (Software Defined Network) overview . It covers from basics like different controllers and touches upon some technical details.
Covers Terminologies used, OpenFlow, Controllers, Open Day light, Cisco ONE, Google B4, NFV,etc
SDN Basics – What You Need to Know about Software-Defined NetworkingSDxCentral
SDNUniversity™ is our exclusive educational series on software-defined networking (SDN) and network functions virtualization (NFV) designed to help you develop practical, real-world knowledge and skills. Take advantage of this opportunity to learn SDN basics through a free, interactive online training session featuring experts from SDNCentral and Computerlinks.
Introduction to SDN: Software Defined NetworkingAnkita Mahajan
SDN is the next big thing in networking. It focuses on separating the intelligence from the hardware. OpenFlow is one of the ways (currently the open standard followed by all Datacenters) to implement SDN.
Presentation detailed about SDN (Software Defined Network) overview . It covers from basics like different controllers and touches upon some technical details.
Covers Terminologies used, OpenFlow, Controllers, Open Day light, Cisco ONE, Google B4, NFV,etc
SDN Basics – What You Need to Know about Software-Defined NetworkingSDxCentral
SDNUniversity™ is our exclusive educational series on software-defined networking (SDN) and network functions virtualization (NFV) designed to help you develop practical, real-world knowledge and skills. Take advantage of this opportunity to learn SDN basics through a free, interactive online training session featuring experts from SDNCentral and Computerlinks.
Software-Defined Networking (SDN): Unleashing the Power of the NetworkRobert Keahey
It goes without saying that cloud computing has dramatically reshaped the information technology services landscape. Virtualization is unleashing the power of commodity-based technology and open source communities are building new applications and services at an astonishing rate, but networking has lagged behind compute and storage in virtualization and automation. We’ve become accustomed to specialized networking silicon, complex operating systems and highly distributed control planes. For the most part, we’ve accepted the model along with its high costs.
All that is changing! New protocols such as OpenFlow are freeing the network control plane from proprietary operating systems and hardware platforms. We are entering a new era where customers control the features – and release schedules – of new, open networking applications that address the needs of the mega-scale world.
A lot of work is required to realize the potential of Software-Defined Networking (SDN), where we can enjoy the benefits derived from “software automating software.” This talk will examine some of the history that led us to the point where current networking architectures are no longer viable for cloud computing at mega-scale. We’ll take a look at the basics of SDN and some of its key elements – OpenFlow, network virtualization, and orchestration – along with some of the initiatives and companies that are setting the stage for the next generation of networking.
Software Defined Networking (SDN) Technology BriefZivaro Inc
An overview of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and the key benefits of moving to a virtualized network, including:
- Improved time to market through automation
- Optimal trafficking with a global view of the network
- Quicker enablement of new services
- Reduced operating costs
- Improved management and visibility
- Simplified operation of network devices
From "Introduction to Software Defined Networking" webinar presented by GTRI CTO Scott Hogg on March 10, 2016. Webinar recording: https://youtu.be/gRXnctYDBjE
Introduction to Software Defined Networking (SDN)rjain51
Class lecture by Prof. Raj Jain on Introduction to . The talk covers Origins of SDN, What is SDN?, Original Definition of SDN, What = Why We need SDN?, SDN Definition, XMPP, XMPP in Data Centers, Path Computation Element, PCE, Forwarding and Control Element, Sample ForCES Exchanges, Application Layer Traffic Optimization, ALTO, ALTO Extension, Current SDN Debate: What vs. How?, SDN Controller Functions, RESTful APIs, OSGi Framework, Open Daylight SDN Controller, OpenDaylight Tools, Affinity Metadata Service, SDN Related Organizations and Projects, SDN Web Sites, Hierarchy of Operations, Introduction to, Origins of SDN, What is SDN?, Original Definition of SDN, What = Why We need SDN?, SDN Definition, XMPP, XMPP in Data Centers, Path Computation Element, PCE, Forwarding and Control Element, Sample ForCES Exchanges, Application Layer Traffic Optimization, ALTO, ALTO Extension, Current SDN Debate: What vs. How?, SDN Controller Functions, RESTful APIs, OSGi Framework, Open Daylight SDN Controller, OpenDaylight Tools, Affinity Metadata Service, SDN Related Organizations and Projects, SDN Web Sites. Video recording available in YouTube.
SDN 101: Software Defined Networking Course - Sameh Zaghloul/IBM - 2014SAMeh Zaghloul
Sameh Zaghloul
Technology Manager @ IBM
+2 0100 6066012
zaghloul@eg.ibm.com
SDN: Technology that enables data center team to use software to efficiently control network resources
SDN Overview
SDN Standards
NFV – Network Function Virtualization
SDN Scenarios and Use Cases
SDN Sample Research Projects
SDN Technology Survey
SDN Case Study
SDN Online Courses
SDN Lab SW Tools
- OpenStack Framework
- OpenDayLighyt – SDN Controller
- FloodLight – SDN Controller
- Open vSwitch – Virtual Switch
- MiniNet – Virtual Network: OpenFlow Switches, SDN Controllers, and Servers/Hosts
- OMNet++ Network Simulator
- Avior – Sample FloodLight Java Application
- netem - Network Emulation
- NOX/POX - C++/ Python OpenFlow API for building network control applications
- Pyretic = Python + Frenetic - Enables network programmers and operators to write modular network applications by providing powerful abstractions
- Resonance - Event-Driven Control for Software-Defined Networks (written in Pyretic)
SDN Project
An introductory slides for explaining the SDN and NFV technologies. what's the difference between them and when each one is used. Also it talk about some of Cisco products in each area either SDN or NFV or the Automation with some of real use cases deployed in today's service provider network.
Hope you like it
This presentation of mine gives basic idea about SDN, use of SDN in different fields, cause of evolution of a new network architecture, openFlow standard and Architectural components.
Software-Defined Networking (SDN): Unleashing the Power of the NetworkRobert Keahey
It goes without saying that cloud computing has dramatically reshaped the information technology services landscape. Virtualization is unleashing the power of commodity-based technology and open source communities are building new applications and services at an astonishing rate, but networking has lagged behind compute and storage in virtualization and automation. We’ve become accustomed to specialized networking silicon, complex operating systems and highly distributed control planes. For the most part, we’ve accepted the model along with its high costs.
All that is changing! New protocols such as OpenFlow are freeing the network control plane from proprietary operating systems and hardware platforms. We are entering a new era where customers control the features – and release schedules – of new, open networking applications that address the needs of the mega-scale world.
A lot of work is required to realize the potential of Software-Defined Networking (SDN), where we can enjoy the benefits derived from “software automating software.” This talk will examine some of the history that led us to the point where current networking architectures are no longer viable for cloud computing at mega-scale. We’ll take a look at the basics of SDN and some of its key elements – OpenFlow, network virtualization, and orchestration – along with some of the initiatives and companies that are setting the stage for the next generation of networking.
Software Defined Networking (SDN) Technology BriefZivaro Inc
An overview of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and the key benefits of moving to a virtualized network, including:
- Improved time to market through automation
- Optimal trafficking with a global view of the network
- Quicker enablement of new services
- Reduced operating costs
- Improved management and visibility
- Simplified operation of network devices
From "Introduction to Software Defined Networking" webinar presented by GTRI CTO Scott Hogg on March 10, 2016. Webinar recording: https://youtu.be/gRXnctYDBjE
Introduction to Software Defined Networking (SDN)rjain51
Class lecture by Prof. Raj Jain on Introduction to . The talk covers Origins of SDN, What is SDN?, Original Definition of SDN, What = Why We need SDN?, SDN Definition, XMPP, XMPP in Data Centers, Path Computation Element, PCE, Forwarding and Control Element, Sample ForCES Exchanges, Application Layer Traffic Optimization, ALTO, ALTO Extension, Current SDN Debate: What vs. How?, SDN Controller Functions, RESTful APIs, OSGi Framework, Open Daylight SDN Controller, OpenDaylight Tools, Affinity Metadata Service, SDN Related Organizations and Projects, SDN Web Sites, Hierarchy of Operations, Introduction to, Origins of SDN, What is SDN?, Original Definition of SDN, What = Why We need SDN?, SDN Definition, XMPP, XMPP in Data Centers, Path Computation Element, PCE, Forwarding and Control Element, Sample ForCES Exchanges, Application Layer Traffic Optimization, ALTO, ALTO Extension, Current SDN Debate: What vs. How?, SDN Controller Functions, RESTful APIs, OSGi Framework, Open Daylight SDN Controller, OpenDaylight Tools, Affinity Metadata Service, SDN Related Organizations and Projects, SDN Web Sites. Video recording available in YouTube.
SDN 101: Software Defined Networking Course - Sameh Zaghloul/IBM - 2014SAMeh Zaghloul
Sameh Zaghloul
Technology Manager @ IBM
+2 0100 6066012
zaghloul@eg.ibm.com
SDN: Technology that enables data center team to use software to efficiently control network resources
SDN Overview
SDN Standards
NFV – Network Function Virtualization
SDN Scenarios and Use Cases
SDN Sample Research Projects
SDN Technology Survey
SDN Case Study
SDN Online Courses
SDN Lab SW Tools
- OpenStack Framework
- OpenDayLighyt – SDN Controller
- FloodLight – SDN Controller
- Open vSwitch – Virtual Switch
- MiniNet – Virtual Network: OpenFlow Switches, SDN Controllers, and Servers/Hosts
- OMNet++ Network Simulator
- Avior – Sample FloodLight Java Application
- netem - Network Emulation
- NOX/POX - C++/ Python OpenFlow API for building network control applications
- Pyretic = Python + Frenetic - Enables network programmers and operators to write modular network applications by providing powerful abstractions
- Resonance - Event-Driven Control for Software-Defined Networks (written in Pyretic)
SDN Project
An introductory slides for explaining the SDN and NFV technologies. what's the difference between them and when each one is used. Also it talk about some of Cisco products in each area either SDN or NFV or the Automation with some of real use cases deployed in today's service provider network.
Hope you like it
This presentation of mine gives basic idea about SDN, use of SDN in different fields, cause of evolution of a new network architecture, openFlow standard and Architectural components.
Dr. Christos Kolias – Senior Research Scientist
Keynote Title: “NFV: Empowering the Network”
Keynote Abstract: Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) envisions and promises to change the service provider landscape and has emerged as one of one of today’s significant trends. Although less than two years old, NFV has garnered the industry’s full attention and support. Moving swiftly, a number of key accomplishments have already taken place, and a lot more work is currently under way within ETSI NFV while we are embarking on its future phase. Various proofs-of-concepts (ranging from vEPC to vCPE, vIMS and vCDN) are being developed while issues such as open source and SDN are becoming key ingredients as the can play a pivotal role.
Dr. Christos Kolias' Bio: Christos Kolias is a senior research scientist at Orange Silicon Valley (a subsidiary of Orange). Christos is a co-founder of the ETSI NFV group and had led the formation of ONF’s Wireless & Mobile working group. He has lectured on NFV and SDN at several events. Christos has more than 15 years of experience in networking, he is the originator of Virtual Output Queueing (VOQ) used in packet switching. He holds a Ph.D. in Computer Science from UCLA.
---------------------------------------------------
★ Resources ★
Zerista: http://lcu14.zerista.com/event/member/137765
Google Event: https://plus.google.com/u/0/events/cpeksim4hr4ghhuufv5ic4viirs
Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tFDnj_342n4&list=UUIVqQKxCyQLJS6xvSmfndLA
Etherpad: http://pad.linaro.org/p/lcu14-400a
---------------------------------------------------
★ Event Details ★
Linaro Connect USA - #LCU14
September 15-19th, 2014
Hyatt Regency San Francisco Airport
---------------------------------------------------
http://www.linaro.org
http://connect.linaro.org
Optimising nfv service chains on open stack using dockerAnanth Padmanabhan
Uploading slides presented in the OpenStack summit, at Austin in April, 2016. Here is the link to the video,
https://www.openstack.org/videos/video/optimising-nfv-service-chains-on-openstack-using-docker
Uploading slides presented in the OpenStack summit, at Austin in April, 2016. Here is the link to the video,
https://www.openstack.org/videos/video/optimising-nfv-service-chains-on-openstack-using-docker
Delivering Composable NFV Services for Business, Residential and Mobile EdgePLUMgrid
In this talk, Principal architects will share considerations in designing virtual infrastructure to deliver vCPE and vPE based services. The speakers will provide some background on service function chaining, service edge routing, Openstack clouds and discuss virtualized architectures that can solve Service Provider problems to achieve agility and richness of cloud based services
An introduction to the key concepts of SDN and NFV with visuals of:
- How SDN is transforming the Data Center
- How NFV is transforming the Service Provider domain and the End-customer domain
- Objectives
- Origin
- Ambassadors
- Applicability
- Analogies
- Benefits
- Industry Standards
- Drivers
- Obstacles
- Growth
- Resources and Events
Network Function Virtualization (NFV) BoF, by Santanu Dasgupta.
A presentation given at the APNIC 40 APNIC Network Function Virtualization (NFV) BoF session on Tue, 8 Sep 2015.
Storage helps us help our customers scale: and when it comes to top-of-rack switch networking, we like to bring our "A" game. In this presentation, our own Jim Whitten walks through a high-level overview of our storage and networking solutions.
Similar to Software defined networking(sdn) vahid sadri (20)
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
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Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
4. Motivation
Problem Statement
• Complex carrier networks
• with a large variety of proprietary nodes and hardware appliances.
• Launching new services is difficult and takes too long
• Space and power to accommodate
• requires just another variety of box, which needs to be integrated.
• Operation is expensive
• Rapidly reach end of life
• due to existing procure-design,-
integrate-deploy cycle.
Network functionalities are based on specific HW&SW
One physical node per role
Traditional Network model
5. Sisyphus on Different Hills
Telco Operators
Equipment
Vendors
SDOs
2-6 Years
Demand
Drive
Standardise
Implement
Sell
Deploy
Critical mass of
supporters
Develop Deploy Publish
2-6 Months
Telco Cycle Service Providers Cycle
2-6 years 2-6 months
Service Providers
AVAILABLE AVAILABLE
Idea !! Idea !!
Source: Adapted from D. Lopez Telefonica I+D, NFV
6. • Very intensive
in hardware
• Software not at
the core
• Very intensive
in software
• Hardware is a
necessary base
x
HARDWARE SOFTWARE+
-
+
-
Traditional telcos Internet players
Adapt to survive: Telco evolution focus shifting from hardware to software
Source: Adapted from D. Lopez Telefonica I+D, NFV
Enter the Software-Defined Era
Google, FacebookAT&T, Telefonica,
Telebras
7. Trends
• High performance industry
standard servers shipped in very
high volume
• Convergence of computing,
storage and networks
• New virtualization technologies
that abstract underlying hardware
yielding elasticity, scalability and
automation
• Software-defined networking
• Cloud services
• Mobility, explosion of devices and
traffic
Challenges
• Huge capital investment to deal with
current trends
• Network operators face an increasing
disparity between costs and revenues
• Complexity: large and increasing
variety of proprietary hardware
appliances in operator’s network
• Reduced hardware lifecycles
• Lack of flexibility and agility: cannot
move network resources where &
when needed
• Launching new services is difficult and
takes too long. Often requires yet
another proprietary box which needs to
be integrated
Source: Adapted from D. Lopez Telefonica I+D, NFV
8. A means to make the network more flexible and simple by
minimising dependence on HW constraints
v
Network Functions are SW-based over well-known HW
Multiple roles over same HW
ORCHESTRATION, AUTOMATION
& REMOTE INSTALL
DPI
BRAS
GGSN/
SGSN
Firewall
CG-NAT
PE Router
VIRTUAL
APPLIANCES
STANDARD
HIGH VOLUME
SERVERS
Virtualised Network Model:
VIRTUAL APPLIANCE APPROACHv
Network Functions are based on specific HW&SW
One physical node per role
DPI
BRAS
GGSN/SGSN
Session Border
ControllerFirewall CG-NAT
PE Router
Traditional Network Model:
APPLIANCE APPROACH
The NFV Concept
Source: Adapted from D. Lopez Telefonica I+D, NFV
9. BRAS
FirewallDPI
CDN
Tester/QoE
monitor
WAN
Acceleration
Message
Router
Radio Access
Network Nodes
Carrier
Grade NAT
Session Border
Controller
Network Virtualisation Approach
PE RouterSGSN/GGSN
Independent Software Vendors
Standard High Volume
Ethernet Switches
Standard High Volume Storage
Standard High Volume Servers
Orchestrated,
automatic &
remote install.
• Fragmented non-commodity hardware.
• Physical install per appliance per site.
• Hardware development large barrier to entry for new
vendors, constraining innovation & competition.
Classical Network Appliance Approach
Target
Source: NFV
10. Network Functions Virtualization
• Network Functions Virtualization is about implementing network
functions in software - that today run on proprietary hardware -
leveraging (high volume) standard servers and IT virtualization
• Supports multi-versioning and multi-tenancy of network functions, which
allows use of a single physical platform for different applications, users
and tenants
• Enables new ways to implement resilience, service assurance, test and
diagnostics and security surveillance
• Provides opportunities for pure software players
• Facilitates innovation towards new network functions and services that
are only practical in a pure software network environment
• Applicable to any data plane packet processing and control plane
functions, in fixed or mobile networks
• NFV will only scale if management and configuration of functions can be
automated
• NFV aims to ultimately transform the way network operators architect and
operate their networks, but change can be incremental
Source: Adapted from D. Lopez Telefonica I+D, NFV
11. Benefits & Promises of NFV
• Reduced equipment costs (CAPEX)
• through consolidating equipment and economies of scale of IT industry.
• Increased speed of time to market
• by minimising the typical network operator cycle of innovation.
• Availability of network appliance multi-version and multi-tenancy,
• allows a single platform for different applications, users and tenants.
• Enables a variety of eco-systems and encourages openness.
• Encouraging innovation to bring new services and generate new
revenue streams.
Source: NFV
12. Benefits & Promises of NFV
• Flexibility to easily, rapidly, dynamically provision and
instantiate new services in various locations
• Improved operational efficiency
• by taking advantage of the higher uniformity of the physical network
platform and its homogeneity to other support platforms.
• Software-oriented innovation to rapidly prototype and test
new services and generate new revenue streams
• More service differentiation & customization
• Reduced (OPEX) operational costs: reduced power, reduced
space, improved network monitoring
• IT-oriented skillset and talent
Source: Adapted from D. Lopez Telefonica I+D, NFV
13. So, why we need/want NFV(/SDN)?
1. Virtualization: Use network resource without worrying about where it is
physically located, how much it is, how it is organized, etc.
2. Orchestration: Manage thousands of devices
3. Programmable: Should be able to change behavior on the fly.
4. Dynamic Scaling: Should be able to change size, quantity
5. Automation
6. Visibility: Monitor resources, connectivity
7. Performance: Optimize network device utilization
8. Multi-tenancy
9. Service Integration
10. Openness: Full choice of modular plug-ins
Note: These are exactly the same reasons why we need/want SDN.
Source: Adapted from Raj Jain
14. NFV and SDN
• NFV and SDN are highly complementary
• Both topics are mutually beneficial but not dependent on each other
Network
Functions
Virtualization
Software
Defined
Networking
Open
Innovation
Creates competitive
supply of innovative
applications by third
parties
Creates network
abstractions to
enable faster
innovation
Reduces CAPEX, OPEX,
Space & Power
Consumption
Source: NFV
15. NFV vs SDN
• NFV: re-definition of network equipment architecture
• NFV was born to meet Service Provider (SP) needs:
• Lower CAPEX by reducing/eliminating proprietary hardware
• Consolidate multiple network functions onto industry standard
platforms
• SDN: re-definition of network architecture
• SDN comes from the IT world:
• Separate the data and control layers,
while centralizing the control
• Deliver the ability to program network behavior using well-
defined interfaces
16. Network equipment as
Black boxes
Open interfaces (OpenFlow) for
instructing the boxes what to do
SDN
Boxes with autonomous
behaviour Decisions are taken out of the box
FEATURE FEATURE
OPERATING SYSTEM
SPECIALIZED PACKET
FORWARDING HARDWAREFEATURE FEATURE
OPERATING SYSTEM
SPECIALIZED PACKET
FORWARDING HARDWARE
FEATURE FEATURE
OPERATING SYSTEM
SPECIALIZED PACKET
FORWARDING HARDWAREFEATURE FEATURE
OPERATING SYSTEM
SPECIALIZED PACKET
FORWARDING HARDWARE
SDN
Adapting OSS to manage black boxes
Simpler OSS to manage the SDN
controller
SDN
FEATURE FEATURE
OPERATING SYSTEM
SPECIALIZED PACKET
FORWARDING HARDWAREFEATURE FEATURE
OPERATING SYSTEM
SPECIALIZED PACKET
FORWARDING HARDWARE
FEATURE FEATURE
OPERATING SYSTEM
SPECIALIZED PACKET
FORWARDING HARDWAREFEATURE FEATURE
OPERATING SYSTEM
SPECIALIZED PACKET
FORWARDING HARDWARE
Software Defined Networking
Source: Adapted from D. Lopez Telefonica I+D, NFV
19. (Network Virtualization)2 = SDN + NFV
SDN: Software Defined
Networking
NFV: Network Functions
Virtualisation
Source: Adapted from D. Lopez Telefonica I+D, NFV
20. Some Use Case Examples
…not in any particular order
• Switching elements: BNG, CG-NAT, routers.
• Mobile network nodes: HLR/HSS, MME, SGSN, GGSN/PDN-GW.
• Home networks: Functions contained in home routers and set top boxes to create virtualised
home environments.
• Tunnelling gateway elements: IPSec/SSL VPN gateways.
• Traffic analysis: DPI, QoE measurement.
• Service Assurance: SLA monitoring, Test and Diagnostics.
• NGN signalling: SBCs, IMS.
• Converged and network-wide functions: AAA servers, policy control and charging platforms.
• Application-level optimisation: CDNs, Cache Servers, Load Balancers, Application Accelerators.
• Security functions: Firewalls, virus scanners, intrusion detection systems, spam protection.
Source: NFV
21. The ETSI NFV ISG
• Global operators-led Industry
Specification Group (ISG) under the
auspices of ETSI
– ~150 member organisations
• Open membership
– ETSI members sign the “Member
Agreement”
– Non-ETSI members sign the
“Participant Agreement”
– Opening up to academia
• Operates by consensus
– Formal voting only when required
• Deliverables: White papers
addressing challenges and operator
requirements, as input to SDOs
– Not a standardisation body by itself
• Currently, four WGs and two EGs
– Infrastructure
– Software Architecture
– Management & Orchestration
– Reliability & Availability
– Performance & Portability
– Security
Source: Adapted from D. Lopez Telefonica I+D, NFV
27. Limitations of Current Networks
• Enterprise networks are difficult to manage
• “New control requirements have arisen”:
• Greater scale
• Migration of VMS
• Implement new ideas
• How to easily configure huge networks?
27
28. • Old ways to configure a network
Limitations of Current Networks
Specialized Packet
Forwarding Hardware
App App App
Specialized Packet
Forwarding Hardware
App App App
Specialized Packet
Forwarding Hardware
App App App
Specialized Packet
Forwarding Hardware
App App App
Specialized Packet
Forwarding Hardware
Operating
System
Operating
System
Operating
System
Operating
System
Operating
System
App App App
28
29. Limitations of Current Networks
29
Million of lines
of source code
Billions of gates
Many complex functions into
infrastructure
OSPF, BGP, multicast,
differentiated services,
Traffic Engineering, NAT,
firewalls, …
Specialized Packet
Forwarding Hardware
Operating
System
Feature Feature
Cannot dynamically change according to network conditions
30. • No control plane abstraction for the whole network!
• It’s like old times – when there was no OS…
Limitations of Current Networks
Wilkes with the EDSAC, 1949
30
31. Cisco, IBM, Alcatel, Juniper Networks,
Broadcom, Citrix, Dell, Google, HP,
Intel, NEC,vmWare and Verizon
Cisco ONE
NSX
32. Idea: An OS for Networks
Specialized Packet
Forwarding Hardware
App App App
Specialized Packet
Forwarding Hardware
App App App
Specialized Packet
Forwarding Hardware
App App App
Specialized Packet
Forwarding Hardware
App App App
Specialized Packet
Forwarding Hardware
Operating
System
Operating
System
Operating
System
Operating
System
Operating
System
App App App
Closed
32
33. Idea: An OS for Networks
Specialized Packet
Forwarding Hardware
App App App
Specialized Packet
Forwarding Hardware
App App App
Specialized Packet
Forwarding Hardware
App App App
Specialized Packet
Forwarding Hardware
App App App
Specialized Packet
Forwarding Hardware
Operating
System
Operating
System
Operating
System
Operating
System
Operating
System
App App App
Network Operating System
Control Programs (Route,Forwarding,VPN,LB,..)
33
34. Idea: An OS for Networks
Simple Packet
Forwarding
Hardware
Simple Packet
Forwarding
Hardware
Simple Packet
Forwarding
Hardware
Simple Packet
Forwarding
Hardware Simple Packet
Forwarding
Hardware
Network Operating System
Control Programs (Route,Forwarding,VPN,LB,..)
34
OpenFlow Protocol (SSL/TCP)
Port 6633
37. OpenFlow
Defines the part of the router architecture that decides what to do with
packets arriving on an inbound interface.
that gives access to the forwarding
plane of a network switch or router over the network.
OpenFlow is a communications protocol
Forwarding Plane
In routing, the Forwarding Plane, sometimes called the Data Plane
41. • OpenFlow
41
Data Path (Hardware)
OpenFlow
OpenFlow Controller
OpenFlow Protocol (SSL/TCP)
POX,Ryu,Pyretic,…
Control Path(os)
42. • OpenFlow Switching
42
Controller
Server Controller
(Linux ubuntu)
Hardware
Layer
Software
Layer
OpenFlow Table
MAC
src
MAC
dst
IP
Src
IP
Dst
TCP
sport
TCP
dport
Action
OpenFlow Client
**5.6.7.81.2.3.4** port 1
port 4port 3port 2port 1
1.2.3.45.6.7.8 42
5.6.7.8 port 11.2.3.4
43. • OpenFlow Table Entry
43
Switch
Port
MAC
src
MAC
dst
Eth
type
VLAN
ID
IP
Src
IP
Dst
IP
Prot
TCP
sport
TCP
dport
Rule Action Stats
+ mask
Packet + byte counters
1.Forward packet to port(s)
2.Encapsulate and forward to controller
3.Drop packet
4.Send to normal processing pipeline
5.…
46. MiniNet
The main difference between simulation and emulation is
that simulation is done all in software and emulation is done
in hardware and software.
Emulation allows developers to see the real-time interactions
between different hardware and software models.
Mininet is a Software Emulator for prototyping a large network on a single machine
Enter to mininet.org
47. داریم نیاز پروژه این برای که هایی برنامه اکثر:
Linux Windows
1- A Linux Distribution (in my project Ubuntu)
2- Mininet
3- Controller (pox,nox,Ryu,Pyretic,…)
4- Wireshark (more information)
5- X11 Client (Xinit,xview-clients)
1- Virtualization Product (VirtualBox,vmWare)
2- SSH Client (Putty.exe)
3- X11 Server (Xming Server for windows)
sdn-sadri.ova
Download
48. لینوکس با کار شروع برای کاربردی دستورات:
Command Description
1 Pwd جاری دایرکتوری مسیر نمایش
2 Ls نمایشجاری مسیر فایلهای و ها پوشه لیست
3 Ifconfig تنظیمات نمایششبکه کارت
4 Ping
5 Apt-get نصب،حذف،بروزرسانینیاز مورد های برنامه
6 Poweroff,shutdown,init 0
7 Reboot,init 6
8 Su Switch User | by default su mean switch user to Root (superuser)
9 Passwd Change password current user
10 sudo Switch User and Doing | by default sudo in Root
11 Vi,nano Text Editor
12 Man Manual (Help) | Help Command, Ex: man pwd
13 Service Services manager | Ex: service
14 dhclient DHCP Client | -r option for Release interface
65. sudo mn --topo linear,3
mininet> net
h1 h1-eth0:s1-eth1
h2 h2-eth0:s2-eth1
h3 h3-eth0:s3-eth1
s1 lo: s1-eth1:h1-eth0 s1-eth2:s2-eth2
s2 lo: s2-eth1:h2-eth0 s2-eth2:s1-eth2 s2-eth3:s3-eth2
s3 lo: s3-eth1:h3-eth0 s3-eth2:s2-eth3
• Linear A serial connection with N switches and N hosts
66. sudo mn --topo tree,3
mininet> net
h1 h1-eth0:s3-eth1
h2 h2-eth0:s3-eth2
.
.
.
• Tree A multiple level topology with N levels and TWO hosts per switch
67. • Custom Topologies Using a simple Python API
Cd /home/mininet/mininet/custom/mininet@mininet:~$
README topo-2sw-2host.py
mininet@mininet:~$ ls
Python API
mininet@mininet:~$ Vi topo-2sw-2host.py
# Add links
self.addLink( leftHost, leftSwitch )
self.addLink( leftSwitch, rightSwitch )
self.addLink( rightSwitch, rightHost )
# Add hosts and switches
leftHost = self.addHost( 'h1' )
rightHost = self.addHost( 'h2' )
leftSwitch = self.addSwitch( 's3' )
rightSwitch = self.addSwitch( 's4' )
topos = { 'mytopo': ( lambda: MyTopo() )
68. • To start up a mininet with the provided custom topology, do:
sudo mn --custom custom_example.py --topo mytopo
sudo mn --custom /home/mininet/mininet/custom/topo-2sw-2host.py --topo mytopo
70. Name Versions Language Description
NOX 1.0 C++ The original OpenFlow controller. Developed by Nicira and donated to research in 2008.
POX 1.0 Python POX is NOX's Python-only younger sibling and is designed for rapid prototyping.
Open
Daylight
1.0, 1.3 Java
Industry supported (Cisco, Brocade, etc) Linux Foundation project. OpenDaylight has
attracted considerable attention over the past year.
Beacon 1.0 Java
Written by David Erickson at Stanford in 2010, Beacon is one of the most widely cited
OpenFlow controllers and served as the basis of Floodlight.
Flowvisor 1.0 C
Special purpose controller that acts as transparent proxy for multiple controllers and enables
rich network slicing.
Floodlight 1.0 Java
Open source core of the commercial controller product made by Big Switch Networks, forked
from Beacon but without OSGI.
Trema 1.0 C and Ruby Formerly known as Helios, this controller came from research efforts at NEC.
Ryu
1.0, 1.2, and
1.3
Python
Started by NTT Labs, Ryu is one of the more complete and easy to integrate OpenFlow
controllers with open source today.
Pyretic
1.0, 1.2, and
1.3 Python Pyretic is one member of the Frenetic family of SDN programming languages.
Scott Shenker
72. • Choose Controller in Mininet
http://sdnhub.org/tutorials/ryu/
$ sudo mn --topo single,3 --controller remote --switch ovsk
Ovsk ( Open vSwitch in Kernel ) = support for both OpenFlow ver 1.0 and 1.3
--controller remote Run Local Controller 127.0.0.1
--controller=remote=192.168.1.200,port=6633
Controller = Default Controller “OVSC”
$ sudo ovs-vsctl set bridge s1 protocols=OpenFlow13 Force a switch to support OpenFlow 1.3
75. • Upgrade Ubuntu Open vSwitch 1.4 to 2.3 using packages in Mininet VM
1 Remove old Open vSwtich (1.4):
sudo apt-get remove openvswitch-common openvswitch-datapath-dkms
openvswitch-controller openvswitch-pki openvswitch-switch
Download the new Open vSwtich source tarball:2
mkdir openvswitch
cd openvswitch
wget http://openvswitch.org/releases/openvswitch-2.3.0.tar.gz
tar zxvf openvswitch-2.3.0.tar.gz
cd openvswitch-2.3.0
ovs-vswitchd –version
ovs-vswitchd (Open vSwitch) 1.4.0+build0
76. • Upgrade Ubuntu Open vSwitch 1.4 to 2.3 using packages in Mininet VM
3
4
Install all the dependencies that will be needed:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -y install build-essential fakeroot debhelper autoconf
automake libssl-dev pkg-config bzip2 openssl python-all procps python-qt4
python-zopeinterface python-twisted-conch
Build the Debian packages:
DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS='parallel=2 nocheck' fakeroot debian/rules binary
Install the packages:5
cd ..
sudo dpkg -i openvswitch-common*.deb openvswitch-datapath-dkms*.deb openvswitch-
controller*.deb openvswitch-pki*.deb openvswitch-switch*.deb
77. • Upgrade Ubuntu Open vSwitch 1.4 to 2.3 using packages in Mininet VM
6 Open vSwitch Controller from starting automatically on boot:
sudo /etc/init.d/openvswitch-controller stop
sudo update-rc.d openvswitch-controller disable
sudo /etc/init.d/openvswitch-switch start
ovs-vswitchd –version
ovs-vswitchd (Open vSwitch) 2.3.0
79. Repository
A software repository is a storage location from which software packages may be retrieved and installed
on a computer.
یکمخزنافزارینرمکاربران که جاییست ،آن از را افزارهانرم توانندمیدریافت مخزنخو کامپیوتر روی بر سپس و کردهنصب د
کنندباشیم داشته دسترسی ها افزار نرم آپدیت آخرین به تا کنیم می آپدیت را مخزن این معموال ما.
More information (Click Here)
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80. Putty.exe
PuTTY is a free implementation of Telnet and SSH for Windows and Unix platforms, along with an xterm
terminal emulator. It is written and maintained primarily by Simon Tatham.
پوتی(Putty)نامرایگان افزار نرم مجموعه یکSSH Client/Serverدرمحیطwindowsتوانید می آن از استفاده با که باشد می
های پروتکل طریق ازRaw،RloginوSSHمتصل لینوکس سرور یک بهشوید.
Download Link
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81. Ubuntu
Ubuntu is an open source software platform that runs everywhere from the smartphone, the tablet and the
PC to the server and the cloud.
اوبونتو(بهانگلیسی:Ubuntu)یکتوزیعلینوکستوزیع مبنای بر که استدبیاندار تفاوت آن با اما است؛شده گذاریپایهد.نام
از یکی از اوبونتومفاهیمجنوبی آفریقایمعنی به«دیگران به نسبت انسانیت».
Ubuntu Site
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Ubuntu 14.10 Desktop
82. Wireshark
Wireshark is a free and open-source packet analyzer. It is used for network troubleshooting, analysis,
software and communications protocol development, and education.
Wiresharkیکآنالیزگراست شبکه در پکت.یکپکت آنالیزگراند دام به را شوند می وبدل رد شبکه در که هایی پکت ،آنها و اخته
دهد می نمایش را آن جزئیات امکان صورت در و دهد می قرار پردازش مورد را.
درمی قرار برسی مورد و انداخته دام به را گذرد می کابل طریق از که را آنچه دقیق طور به افزار نرم این واقعدهد.
Wireshark Site
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83. SDN_tutorial_VM_32bit
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•SDN Controllers: OpenDaylight, RYU, Floodlight, POX, and Pyretic
•Example code for a hub, L2 learning switch, and other applications
•Open vSwitch 2.1.0 with support for Openflow 1.2, 1.3 and 1.4
•Mininet to create and run example topologies
•Wireshark 1.11.3 with native support for OpenFlow parsing
•X11 Display
•Firefox
•JDK, Eclipse, and Maven