Emt ch 4
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
1 like•289 views
The document discusses electric potential and potential difference. It defines potential difference as the work done to move a positive test charge between two points in an electric field. The potential difference is positive if work is done to move the charge from point B to point A. It also provides an equation for calculating potential difference between two points based on the electric field and discusses how this applies to static versus time-varying fields. Any field that satisfies this equation is considered a conservative field.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Electric potential energy in a uniform field
A uniform electric field is created between parallel metal plates that exerts a constant downward force on a positive test charge. The work done by the electric field on the charge is equal to the charge times the electric field times the distance moved. This work done can be represented by a potential energy function where the potential energy is equal to the charge times the electric field times the height. If the charge moves downward with the field, the potential energy decreases, and if it moves upward against the field, the potential energy increases.
Electric Potential by Dr_Raj_Paul_Guleria
This presentation is about electric potential. As we know, electric fields are vector quantities, which define electric field properties. The electric properties of space can also be described by electric potential. Electric potential is scaler. The concept of electric potential is more important due to its advantages over electric field as it has no direction which make it simpler. Electric potential is more practical than the electric field because differences in potential. Electric potentials and electric fields are associated with each other, and either can be used to describe the electrostatic properties of space. The gravitational potential energy is meaningful only in terms of the difference in potential energy in respect of reference point. The most important fact is that the Electric potential have similar characteristics as that of gravitational potential energy.
EQUIPOTENTIAL ENERGY
- An equipotential surface is a surface where all points have the same electric potential. For a point charge, equipotential surfaces are concentric spherical surfaces. For a uniform electric field, equipotential surfaces form planes perpendicular to the field.
- The electric field is always perpendicular to equipotential surfaces. If it is not, work would be required to move a charge along the surface, contradicting the definition.
- Electrostatic potential energy of a system of point charges depends only on the distances between charges. It is equal to the work required to assemble the charges from infinity.
Electric Potential
The document discusses electric field, potential, and energy. It defines electric potential as the work done to move a unit positive charge from infinity to a point in an electric field. Electric potential is a scalar quantity measured in volts. Equipotentials are regions in space where the electric potential has a constant value, forming equipotential surfaces or lines. Analogies are drawn between electric and gravitational fields, such as both following inverse square laws and having field lines and equipotentials.
Electric potential
Okay, let's break this down step-by-step:
1) The electric field E is uniform, so E has a constant magnitude and direction.
2) The path icf consists of two segments: ic and cf.
3) For ic, the displacement is at a 90° angle to E so no work is done along that segment.
4) For cf, the displacement forms a 45° angle with E.
So the key is to integrate E×ds along just the cf segment.
Lecture20 electrostatics
1) Gauss' law relates the electric flux passing through a closed surface to the net electric charge enclosed by the surface. The flux is proportional to the enclosed charge.
2) Gaussian surfaces can be used to calculate electric fields from different charge distributions like a point charge or a line of charges.
3) As an example, the force on an electron near the surface of the brain due to the electric field from all the protons in the brain would be around 10 Newtons, exerting a huge pressure.
Electric Potential And Gradient - Fied Theory
A ppt on Electric Potential And Gradient containg all the information of Electrica Potential and Electrostatic Informatio .
Containing Information About :
Electric Potential
Potential And Gradient
Electrostatic
Electric Charge
Surface and Volume Integration
9.3 - Electric Potential
The document discusses electric potential and potential energy. Some key points:
1) Electric potential (V) at a point is the work required to move a small positive test charge to that point from infinity without any net external force.
2) Lines of equipotential connect all points of equal electric potential. Charged particles placed at these points will not experience a force or change in potential energy.
3) The electric potential due to a point charge can be calculated using the work done to move a test charge from infinity to that point. Potential increases as distance from the charge decreases.
4) At locations of zero potential, like point P in one example, a field can still exist. A
Recommended
Electric potential energy in a uniform field
A uniform electric field is created between parallel metal plates that exerts a constant downward force on a positive test charge. The work done by the electric field on the charge is equal to the charge times the electric field times the distance moved. This work done can be represented by a potential energy function where the potential energy is equal to the charge times the electric field times the height. If the charge moves downward with the field, the potential energy decreases, and if it moves upward against the field, the potential energy increases.
Electric Potential by Dr_Raj_Paul_Guleria
This presentation is about electric potential. As we know, electric fields are vector quantities, which define electric field properties. The electric properties of space can also be described by electric potential. Electric potential is scaler. The concept of electric potential is more important due to its advantages over electric field as it has no direction which make it simpler. Electric potential is more practical than the electric field because differences in potential. Electric potentials and electric fields are associated with each other, and either can be used to describe the electrostatic properties of space. The gravitational potential energy is meaningful only in terms of the difference in potential energy in respect of reference point. The most important fact is that the Electric potential have similar characteristics as that of gravitational potential energy.
EQUIPOTENTIAL ENERGY
- An equipotential surface is a surface where all points have the same electric potential. For a point charge, equipotential surfaces are concentric spherical surfaces. For a uniform electric field, equipotential surfaces form planes perpendicular to the field.
- The electric field is always perpendicular to equipotential surfaces. If it is not, work would be required to move a charge along the surface, contradicting the definition.
- Electrostatic potential energy of a system of point charges depends only on the distances between charges. It is equal to the work required to assemble the charges from infinity.
Electric Potential
The document discusses electric field, potential, and energy. It defines electric potential as the work done to move a unit positive charge from infinity to a point in an electric field. Electric potential is a scalar quantity measured in volts. Equipotentials are regions in space where the electric potential has a constant value, forming equipotential surfaces or lines. Analogies are drawn between electric and gravitational fields, such as both following inverse square laws and having field lines and equipotentials.
Electric potential
Okay, let's break this down step-by-step:
1) The electric field E is uniform, so E has a constant magnitude and direction.
2) The path icf consists of two segments: ic and cf.
3) For ic, the displacement is at a 90° angle to E so no work is done along that segment.
4) For cf, the displacement forms a 45° angle with E.
So the key is to integrate E×ds along just the cf segment.
Lecture20 electrostatics
1) Gauss' law relates the electric flux passing through a closed surface to the net electric charge enclosed by the surface. The flux is proportional to the enclosed charge.
2) Gaussian surfaces can be used to calculate electric fields from different charge distributions like a point charge or a line of charges.
3) As an example, the force on an electron near the surface of the brain due to the electric field from all the protons in the brain would be around 10 Newtons, exerting a huge pressure.
Electric Potential And Gradient - Fied Theory
A ppt on Electric Potential And Gradient containg all the information of Electrica Potential and Electrostatic Informatio .
Containing Information About :
Electric Potential
Potential And Gradient
Electrostatic
Electric Charge
Surface and Volume Integration
9.3 - Electric Potential
The document discusses electric potential and potential energy. Some key points:
1) Electric potential (V) at a point is the work required to move a small positive test charge to that point from infinity without any net external force.
2) Lines of equipotential connect all points of equal electric potential. Charged particles placed at these points will not experience a force or change in potential energy.
3) The electric potential due to a point charge can be calculated using the work done to move a test charge from infinity to that point. Potential increases as distance from the charge decreases.
4) At locations of zero potential, like point P in one example, a field can still exist. A
ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL ENERGY
1. Electrostatic potential is defined as the work done per unit charge to bring a test charge from infinity to a point in an electric field.
2. The electric potential at a point due to a single point charge is directly proportional to the charge and inversely proportional to the distance from the charge.
3. The electric potential at a point due to multiple charges is equal to the sum of the potentials due to each individual charge.
GUASS LAW
Gauss's law relates the electric flux through a closed surface to the electric charge enclosed by the surface. It can be used to calculate the electric field due to various charge distributions like:
- A point charge, where the electric field is spherically symmetric and directed radially outward.
- An infinite line charge, where the electric field is directed radially outward and its magnitude depends only on the distance from the wire.
- An infinite plane sheet, where the electric field is uniform and perpendicular to the sheet.
- Two parallel charged sheets, where the electric field is zero outside and uniform inside, directed from the positive to negative sheet.
- A charged spherical shell, where the electric field
ELECTRIC FLUX
Electric flux is defined as the number of electric field lines passing through a given surface area. It is a scalar quantity measured in newton meters squared per coulomb. The electric flux through a surface depends on both the electric field strength and the orientation of the surface relative to the field lines. For a uniform electric field, the flux is greatest when the surface is perpendicular to the field lines and zero when parallel. For non-uniform fields, the surface is divided into small elements and the flux is calculated over each then summed.
Basic Laws of Electrostatics
The document summarizes key concepts in electromagnetic theory including Faraday's law, Ampere's law, and the Biot-Savart law. Faraday's law states that a changing magnetic field induces an electromotive force (emf) in a nearby conductor. Ampere's law relates the magnetic field around a closed loop to the electric current passing through the loop. The Biot-Savart law gives a formula for calculating the magnetic field generated by a steady current at some distance from the conductor. Examples are given of applications of these laws including electric generators, transformers, and magnetic pickups in electric guitars.
Electric Field
1. A field is defined as a property of space in which a material object experiences a force. For example, above the earth there is a gravitational field where a mass experiences a downward force.
2. The electric field is a vector field that exists around an electric charge even when no other charges are present. The direction of the electric field points away from a positive charge and towards a negative charge.
3. The electric field strength is defined as the force experienced by a hypothetical positive test charge per unit of charge, located at that point in space.
Electric potential difference (voltage)
The document discusses concepts related to work, energy, and electric fields. It defines key terms like gravitational potential energy, gravitational potential, electric potential energy, electric potential, and electric potential difference. Gravitational potential energy and electric potential energy are defined as the energy stored in an object due to its position in a gravitational or electric field. Gravitational potential and electric potential refer to the potential energy per unit mass or charge. The electric potential difference between two points is the change in electric potential energy when a charge is moved between those points.
Report3
This document discusses deriving a heat coefficient for a material. It applies a constant heat source to the material and uses force equilibrium equations in two directions to substitute terms and derive the heat coefficient. The heat coefficient is the same in both directions for the same cross-sectional area.
Electrostatic potential and capacitance
Hello everyone, we are from Edignite NGO and we have come up with chapters of class 11 and 12 (CBSE).
For any queries, please contact
Lekha Periwal : +916290889619
Heer Mehta : +917984844099
Definitons-Electric Field,Lines of Force,Electric Intensity
This document provides definitions and explanations of electric field, lines of force, and electric field intensity. It begins with an introduction and then defines electric field as a vector field that associates a Coulomb force per unit charge to each point in space. Lines of force represent the direction of the electric field and their density indicates the field's magnitude. Electric field intensity is defined as the electric force per unit charge experienced by a test charge, with units of volts per meter or newtons per coulomb. It gives equations for the electric field and intensity due to a point charge.
AP Phnysics - Chapter 19 Powerpoint
The document discusses electric potential energy and electric potential. It defines electric potential as the potential energy per unit charge. Electric potential is measured in volts. Examples are provided to demonstrate how electric potential relates to work done by electric forces and the conservation of energy for charged particles. The electric potential created by point charges is examined, as well as equipotential surfaces and their relationship to electric fields. The document also discusses capacitors, the relationship between charge and potential difference, the effect of dielectrics on capacitance, and calculating capacitance for parallel plate capacitors. An example problem is given to determine the change in capacitance detected by a computer keyboard.
Electric field
- Electric charge is quantized and can only exist in integer multiples of the elementary charge of electrons and protons. Charge is conserved in nuclear decay processes.
- Coulomb's law describes the electric force between two point charges. The electric field is defined as the force per unit charge exerted on a test charge. Gauss's law relates the net electric flux through a closed surface to the enclosed charge.
- The electric field due to symmetric charge distributions like point charges, spherical charge distributions, and charged plates can be calculated using Gauss's law. This allows determining electric fields without calculating the contributions of individual charges.
Lecture21 potential
Electric potential is defined as the electric potential energy per unit charge. It is measured in volts and represents the work required to move a charge between two points. The electric potential difference between two points is equal to the work needed to move a positive test charge between those points. Equipotential surfaces represent points in space where the electric potential is the same. Electric field lines are always perpendicular to equipotential surfaces.
6.2 - Electric Force and field
Electric fields arise from charged objects and can exert forces on other charged objects. There are two types of electric charge: positive and negative. Electric field lines show the direction that a positive test charge would move due to the electric field. Electric fields are generated by both positive and negative charges, and the strength of the electric field depends on the magnitude of the charges and the distance between them, as described by Coulomb's law. The electric field strength is defined as the force per unit charge exerted by the field on a small test charge placed within it.
Work and electric potential lecture # physics 2
The document summarizes key concepts about electric potential and electric potential energy. It defines electric potential as the work required per unit charge to move a charge from a reference point to its current position in an electric field. Electric potential energy is defined as stored energy in a charge-field system due to the charges' positions. The document outlines how electric potential and potential energy relate to work, electric fields, and voltage. It also discusses applications of these concepts, including conductors, equipotential surfaces, and the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom.
Electric Fields
The document discusses electric fields and electrostatics. It explains that when objects are rubbed together, electrons are transferred causing objects to become charged. It then discusses Coulomb's law which states that the force between two charges is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. It provides equations for calculating electric field strength, potential, and force experienced by charges in fields.
ELECTRIC FIELD - LESSON 3
The document defines key concepts relating to electric fields and potential. It defines an electric field as the space around a charge where another charge feels a force, and represents electric fields using field lines showing direction and strength. Electric field strength is defined as the force felt by 1 coulomb of charge, and can be calculated as force over charge. A charge placed in a uniform electric field will experience a force in the direction or opposite the field depending on its sign. The strength of a uniform electric field is calculated as the potential difference across plates over their separation. The radial electric field of a point charge is defined, and its strength calculated using Coulomb's law as force over test charge. Electric potential is defined as the electric potential energy of
Electrostatics 3
The document discusses several topics in electrostatics including electric potential, potential difference, equipotential surfaces, Gauss's law, and applications of Gauss's law. Gauss's law states that the electric flux through any closed surface is equal to the enclosed charge divided by the permittivity of free space. This relationship can be used to derive Coulomb's law and calculate electric fields due to various charge distributions like line charges, plane sheets of charge, and spherical shells.
Electric flux and gauss Law
1) The document discusses electric flux and Gauss's law. It provides definitions of electric flux and explains that electric flux is a measure of the number of electric field lines passing through a surface.
2) Gauss's law is introduced, which states that the total electric flux passing through any closed surface is equal to the net charge enclosed by the surface, divided by the permittivity of free space.
3) Applications of Gauss's law are discussed for determining electric fields and charge distributions by choosing appropriate Gaussian surfaces.
Emt ch 2
The document discusses Coulomb's law for electrostatic forces between point charges. It states that the force of attraction or repulsion between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. An example is given to calculate the electric field intensity from a point charge, which is directed from the source charge to the test charge. It is also noted that the electric field from a line charge decreases inversely with distance rather than with the square of the distance as it does for a point charge.
Emt ch 3
The document discusses Michael Faraday's experiments with static electric fields and induced electromotive forces using concentric metallic spheres. It then summarizes Gauss's law and how it can be applied to determine the electric flux density D for various charge distributions like a point charge or line charge. It shows that a cylindrical surface is suitable for applying Gauss's law to a line charge, as the radial component of D is the only non-zero component and it is everywhere normal to the cylindrical surface. Finally, it derives one of Maxwell's equations from Gauss's law by taking the divergence of the electric flux density D.
More Related Content
What's hot
ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL ENERGY
1. Electrostatic potential is defined as the work done per unit charge to bring a test charge from infinity to a point in an electric field.
2. The electric potential at a point due to a single point charge is directly proportional to the charge and inversely proportional to the distance from the charge.
3. The electric potential at a point due to multiple charges is equal to the sum of the potentials due to each individual charge.
GUASS LAW
Gauss's law relates the electric flux through a closed surface to the electric charge enclosed by the surface. It can be used to calculate the electric field due to various charge distributions like:
- A point charge, where the electric field is spherically symmetric and directed radially outward.
- An infinite line charge, where the electric field is directed radially outward and its magnitude depends only on the distance from the wire.
- An infinite plane sheet, where the electric field is uniform and perpendicular to the sheet.
- Two parallel charged sheets, where the electric field is zero outside and uniform inside, directed from the positive to negative sheet.
- A charged spherical shell, where the electric field
ELECTRIC FLUX
Electric flux is defined as the number of electric field lines passing through a given surface area. It is a scalar quantity measured in newton meters squared per coulomb. The electric flux through a surface depends on both the electric field strength and the orientation of the surface relative to the field lines. For a uniform electric field, the flux is greatest when the surface is perpendicular to the field lines and zero when parallel. For non-uniform fields, the surface is divided into small elements and the flux is calculated over each then summed.
Basic Laws of Electrostatics
The document summarizes key concepts in electromagnetic theory including Faraday's law, Ampere's law, and the Biot-Savart law. Faraday's law states that a changing magnetic field induces an electromotive force (emf) in a nearby conductor. Ampere's law relates the magnetic field around a closed loop to the electric current passing through the loop. The Biot-Savart law gives a formula for calculating the magnetic field generated by a steady current at some distance from the conductor. Examples are given of applications of these laws including electric generators, transformers, and magnetic pickups in electric guitars.
Electric Field
1. A field is defined as a property of space in which a material object experiences a force. For example, above the earth there is a gravitational field where a mass experiences a downward force.
2. The electric field is a vector field that exists around an electric charge even when no other charges are present. The direction of the electric field points away from a positive charge and towards a negative charge.
3. The electric field strength is defined as the force experienced by a hypothetical positive test charge per unit of charge, located at that point in space.
Electric potential difference (voltage)
The document discusses concepts related to work, energy, and electric fields. It defines key terms like gravitational potential energy, gravitational potential, electric potential energy, electric potential, and electric potential difference. Gravitational potential energy and electric potential energy are defined as the energy stored in an object due to its position in a gravitational or electric field. Gravitational potential and electric potential refer to the potential energy per unit mass or charge. The electric potential difference between two points is the change in electric potential energy when a charge is moved between those points.
Report3
This document discusses deriving a heat coefficient for a material. It applies a constant heat source to the material and uses force equilibrium equations in two directions to substitute terms and derive the heat coefficient. The heat coefficient is the same in both directions for the same cross-sectional area.
Electrostatic potential and capacitance
Hello everyone, we are from Edignite NGO and we have come up with chapters of class 11 and 12 (CBSE).
For any queries, please contact
Lekha Periwal : +916290889619
Heer Mehta : +917984844099
Definitons-Electric Field,Lines of Force,Electric Intensity
This document provides definitions and explanations of electric field, lines of force, and electric field intensity. It begins with an introduction and then defines electric field as a vector field that associates a Coulomb force per unit charge to each point in space. Lines of force represent the direction of the electric field and their density indicates the field's magnitude. Electric field intensity is defined as the electric force per unit charge experienced by a test charge, with units of volts per meter or newtons per coulomb. It gives equations for the electric field and intensity due to a point charge.
AP Phnysics - Chapter 19 Powerpoint
The document discusses electric potential energy and electric potential. It defines electric potential as the potential energy per unit charge. Electric potential is measured in volts. Examples are provided to demonstrate how electric potential relates to work done by electric forces and the conservation of energy for charged particles. The electric potential created by point charges is examined, as well as equipotential surfaces and their relationship to electric fields. The document also discusses capacitors, the relationship between charge and potential difference, the effect of dielectrics on capacitance, and calculating capacitance for parallel plate capacitors. An example problem is given to determine the change in capacitance detected by a computer keyboard.
Electric field
- Electric charge is quantized and can only exist in integer multiples of the elementary charge of electrons and protons. Charge is conserved in nuclear decay processes.
- Coulomb's law describes the electric force between two point charges. The electric field is defined as the force per unit charge exerted on a test charge. Gauss's law relates the net electric flux through a closed surface to the enclosed charge.
- The electric field due to symmetric charge distributions like point charges, spherical charge distributions, and charged plates can be calculated using Gauss's law. This allows determining electric fields without calculating the contributions of individual charges.
Lecture21 potential
Electric potential is defined as the electric potential energy per unit charge. It is measured in volts and represents the work required to move a charge between two points. The electric potential difference between two points is equal to the work needed to move a positive test charge between those points. Equipotential surfaces represent points in space where the electric potential is the same. Electric field lines are always perpendicular to equipotential surfaces.
6.2 - Electric Force and field
Electric fields arise from charged objects and can exert forces on other charged objects. There are two types of electric charge: positive and negative. Electric field lines show the direction that a positive test charge would move due to the electric field. Electric fields are generated by both positive and negative charges, and the strength of the electric field depends on the magnitude of the charges and the distance between them, as described by Coulomb's law. The electric field strength is defined as the force per unit charge exerted by the field on a small test charge placed within it.
Work and electric potential lecture # physics 2
The document summarizes key concepts about electric potential and electric potential energy. It defines electric potential as the work required per unit charge to move a charge from a reference point to its current position in an electric field. Electric potential energy is defined as stored energy in a charge-field system due to the charges' positions. The document outlines how electric potential and potential energy relate to work, electric fields, and voltage. It also discusses applications of these concepts, including conductors, equipotential surfaces, and the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom.
Electric Fields
The document discusses electric fields and electrostatics. It explains that when objects are rubbed together, electrons are transferred causing objects to become charged. It then discusses Coulomb's law which states that the force between two charges is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. It provides equations for calculating electric field strength, potential, and force experienced by charges in fields.
ELECTRIC FIELD - LESSON 3
The document defines key concepts relating to electric fields and potential. It defines an electric field as the space around a charge where another charge feels a force, and represents electric fields using field lines showing direction and strength. Electric field strength is defined as the force felt by 1 coulomb of charge, and can be calculated as force over charge. A charge placed in a uniform electric field will experience a force in the direction or opposite the field depending on its sign. The strength of a uniform electric field is calculated as the potential difference across plates over their separation. The radial electric field of a point charge is defined, and its strength calculated using Coulomb's law as force over test charge. Electric potential is defined as the electric potential energy of
Electrostatics 3
The document discusses several topics in electrostatics including electric potential, potential difference, equipotential surfaces, Gauss's law, and applications of Gauss's law. Gauss's law states that the electric flux through any closed surface is equal to the enclosed charge divided by the permittivity of free space. This relationship can be used to derive Coulomb's law and calculate electric fields due to various charge distributions like line charges, plane sheets of charge, and spherical shells.
Electric flux and gauss Law
1) The document discusses electric flux and Gauss's law. It provides definitions of electric flux and explains that electric flux is a measure of the number of electric field lines passing through a surface.
2) Gauss's law is introduced, which states that the total electric flux passing through any closed surface is equal to the net charge enclosed by the surface, divided by the permittivity of free space.
3) Applications of Gauss's law are discussed for determining electric fields and charge distributions by choosing appropriate Gaussian surfaces.
What's hot (19)
Definitons-Electric Field,Lines of Force,Electric Intensity
Definitons-Electric Field,Lines of Force,Electric Intensity
Viewers also liked
Emt ch 2
The document discusses Coulomb's law for electrostatic forces between point charges. It states that the force of attraction or repulsion between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. An example is given to calculate the electric field intensity from a point charge, which is directed from the source charge to the test charge. It is also noted that the electric field from a line charge decreases inversely with distance rather than with the square of the distance as it does for a point charge.
Emt ch 3
The document discusses Michael Faraday's experiments with static electric fields and induced electromotive forces using concentric metallic spheres. It then summarizes Gauss's law and how it can be applied to determine the electric flux density D for various charge distributions like a point charge or line charge. It shows that a cylindrical surface is suitable for applying Gauss's law to a line charge, as the radial component of D is the only non-zero component and it is everywhere normal to the cylindrical surface. Finally, it derives one of Maxwell's equations from Gauss's law by taking the divergence of the electric flux density D.
Emt ch 1
This chapter discusses vector analysis and the relationship between cylindrical and Cartesian coordinates. It explains that to transform coordinate components, you need to know the dot products between unit vectors. An example is provided to illustrate finding the surfaces area of a differential block using its side lengths.
Gausslaw
Gauss's law relates the electric flux through a closed surface to the net electric charge enclosed by the surface. It states that the total electric flux through any closed surface is equal to 1/ε0 times the net charge enclosed, divided by the permittivity of free space ε0. Gauss's law provides an easier way to calculate electric fields than Coulomb's law and can be used to find electric fields when you know the charge distribution inside the surface.
Unit i static electric field
This document outlines the topics covered in 5 units on electromagnetism:
Unit I covers vector algebra and static electric fields including Coulomb's law, electric flux density, and Gauss's law. Unit II discusses conductors, dielectrics, polarization, and capacitors. Unit III covers Biot-Savart law, magnetic field intensity, and Ampere's circuital law. Unit IV examines magnetic forces, materials, inductance, and energy stored in magnetic fields. Unit V looks at time-varying fields, Faraday's law, Maxwell's equations, and the electromagnetic spectrum.
gauss
This document provides an overview of Gauss's law. It begins with some examples and analogies to build intuition, such as comparing counting individual raindrops to measuring the total rainfall with an umbrella. It then presents Gauss's law mathematically as an integral relating the electric flux through a closed surface to the enclosed charge. The document provides an example application to a long straight rod of charge and calculates the electric field using Gauss's law. It discusses how Gauss's law can be applied to other charge distributions by choosing an appropriate Gaussian surface.
Gauss’s Law
Gauss's law can be used to determine electric field strength around symmetrical charge distributions. It states that the electric flux through a closed surface is proportional to the enclosed charge. The electric field is zero inside conductors because excess charge resides entirely on the surface and electrons move freely to cancel out any internal field. Common applications include finding the field of a point charge, conducting sphere, or charged sheet.
Bab9
The document describes sources of magnetic fields. It discusses the Biot-Savart law, which relates a current element to the magnetic field it produces. The law is similar in form to Coulomb's law for electric fields. Two examples are given of using the Biot-Savart law to calculate the magnetic field from (1) an infinite straight wire and (2) a circular current loop. For the straight wire, the field is perpendicular to the wire and decreases with the inverse of distance from the wire. For the circular loop, the field on the loop axis points along the axis and decreases with the inverse cube of the distance from the loop center.
Gauss’s Law
I this presentation me and group had worked on Guass's Law. It includes Introduction, Statements, Understandings and Applications in detail..
Electric Charge and Electric Field Lecture
More: http://www.pinoybix.org
Lesson Objectives:
Static Electricity; Electric Charge and Its Conservation
Electric Charge in the Atom
Insulators and Conductors
Induced Charge; the Electroscope
Coulomb’s Law
Solving Problems Involving Coulomb’s Law and Vectors
The Electric Field
Field Lines
Electric Fields and Conductors
Gauss’s Law
Electric Forces in Molecular Biology: DNA Structure and Replication
Photocopy Machines and Computer Printers Use Electrostatics
Gauss law 1
Gauss' law relates the electric flux through a closed surface to the enclosed charge. It can be written in both integral and differential forms. The integral form states that the total flux is equal to the enclosed charge divided by the permittivity of free space. The differential form is Poisson's equation, which relates the divergence of the electric field to the charge density. Gauss' law can be applied to problems involving point charges, charge sheets, and continuous charge distributions. The electrostatic potential and electric field can be derived from each other using calculus operations. The potential energy of a system of charges can be expressed in terms of either the potentials or the electric fields.
Gauss' law
There are 4 pillars that make up the foundation of Electricity & Magnetism:
1) Gauss' Law (Electricity), which states that the electric field through a closed surface is proportional to the enclosed charge.
2) Gauss' Law (Magnetism), 3) Faraday's Law of Induction, and 4) Ampere's Law. Gauss' Law for electricity, proposed by Carl Friedrich Gauss, relates the total electric flux through a closed surface to the electric charge enclosed by the surface.
Viewers also liked (13)
Similar to Emt ch 4
Electricfields
1) The document reviews electric fields, including field vectors, field strengths for point charges and uniform fields, and work done by electric fields.
2) It compares electric fields to gravitational fields, noting that electric field lines emanate from positive charges and penetrate negative charges.
3) Examples are given of drawing the electric field for single and multiple point charges, as well as charges of different magnitudes and equal but opposite charges.
Electricfields
1. The document discusses electric fields, including field vectors, field strengths for point charges and uniform fields, and fields around various charge configurations.
2. It reviews gravitational fields and compares them to electric fields. Both fields are defined by the force per unit charge or mass exerted on a test particle.
3. Examples are given of calculating field strengths and drawing electric field lines for single and multiple point charges of the same and opposite signs.
10.1 describing fields 2017
1) Gravitational and electric fields can be described by their field strength, which is defined as the force exerted per unit mass or charge.
2) Coulomb's law and Newton's law of gravitation describe the relationship between field strength and distance from the source of the field. Field strength decreases with the inverse square of the distance.
3) Electric and gravitational potential are scalar quantities that represent the potential energy per unit mass or charge. Potential increases as distance from the source decreases. Equipotential lines represent regions of constant potential.
10.1 describing fields 2015
1) Gravitational and electric fields can be described by their field strength, which is defined as the force exerted per unit mass or charge.
2) Gravitational field strength is calculated using Newton's law of universal gravitation, while electric field strength uses Coulomb's law.
3) The electric potential at a point is defined as the work required to move a unit charge from infinity to that point, and equipotentials are surfaces or lines of constant potential.
ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL ENERGY (1).pptx
1. This document discusses electrostatic potential energy and electric potential. It defines electric potential energy as the minimum work needed to bring a charge to a point from infinity without acceleration in an electric field.
2. Electric potential (also called voltage) is defined as the work required to move a unit positive charge from a reference point to a specific point in an electric field. The electric potential at a point depends only on the position of that point and is independent of the path taken.
3. Equipotential surfaces are surfaces where the electric potential is constant at every point. Electric field lines are always perpendicular to equipotential surfaces.
E&M Lecture 2.pptx 2nd semester lecture UET mardan
E&M Lecture 2.pptx 2nd semester lecture UET mardan
chap ppt powerpoikslslakakkakakhwjwnt2.pptx
An equipotential surface is a surface where all points have the same electric potential. No work is required to move a charge between points on an equipotential surface since they are at the same potential. Equipotential surfaces corresponding to a field that uniformly increases in magnitude but remains constant in the z-direction will have decreasing separation between surfaces in the direction of increasing field, unlike the equidistant surfaces of a constant electric field.
ELECTRIC FIELD
1) Point charges placed in space create electric fields that exert forces on other charges, either attracting or repelling them.
2) The electric field concept can explain how charges interact at a distance.
3) Coulomb's law describes the electrostatic force between two point charges quantitatively in terms of the charges and their distance.
Physics potential energy=work w10-l21
The document discusses electric potential energy and potential difference. It defines electric potential energy as the work done by an electric field when a charge moves within it. Potential difference is defined as the change in electric potential energy per unit charge between two points in an electric field. The document provides examples of how to calculate electric potential energy and potential difference, including for a uniform electric field between parallel plates. It also discusses the relationship between voltage, energy, and charge.
module 2 part 1.pptx
This document discusses electricity and magnetism. It provides information on the fundamental properties of magnets and magnetic fields. Some key points include:
- Magnetism and electricity are two aspects of a single phenomenon related to the motion of electric charges.
- Magnetic fields can be produced by electric currents in wires, as discovered by Oersted in 1820.
- Magnetic induction B is defined based on the force experienced by a moving charge in a magnetic field.
- Materials can be classified as ferromagnetic, paramagnetic, or diamagnetic based on their behavior in magnetic fields. Permeability and susceptibility quantify a material's response to magnetic fields.
Lecture-8.ppt
The document contains information about an upcoming mid-semester physics test, including the date, time, and location. It also provides checkpoint questions from previous lectures on topics like electric charge distribution and electric potential. Finally, it summarizes key concepts relating to electric potential, including definitions, calculations of potential for single and multiple point charges, and the relationship between potential and electric field.
Lecture-8.ppt
The document contains information about an upcoming mid-semester physics test, including the date, time, and location. It also provides checkpoint questions from previous lectures on topics like electric charge distribution and electric potential. Finally, it summarizes key concepts relating to electric potential, including definitions, calculations of potential for single and multiple point charges, and the relationship between potential and electric field.
1600207773.ppt
1) Charged particles experience a magnetic force when moving through a magnetic field. This force is perpendicular to both the particle's velocity and the magnetic field.
2) A current-carrying wire in a magnetic field experiences a magnetic force proportional to the current in the wire and the length of wire in the field.
3) A current loop in a magnetic field does not experience a net translational force but does experience a torque, causing it to rotate. The direction of the torque depends on the direction of the current and magnetic field.
Reporting of Ernie and Robelss final.docx
The document discusses the relationship between electric potential, potential energy, and electric fields. It provides background on how electric potential is analogous to gravitational potential and depends on location within an electric field. Examples are given to illustrate how to calculate electric potential, potential differences, and potential energy at different points based on distances from charges.
ELECTROMAGNETISM
Electromagnetism is the production of a magnetic field by an electric current. Oersted discovered the magnetic effect of current in 1820 through an experiment showing a magnetic needle deflecting when a current was passed through a nearby wire. The magnetic field strength increases with increasing current and vice versa. According to Biot-Savart law, the magnetic field produced by a current-carrying conductor depends on the current, distance from the conductor, and angle between the conductor and field point.
Electricfields
1. Michael Faraday developed the concept of an electric field as a property of space around a charged object that causes forces on other charged objects. The electric field at a point is defined as the force on a test charge divided by the test charge.
2. Electric field lines represent the direction of the electric field, with closer lines indicating a stronger field. The electric field due to multiple charges is the vector sum of the individual fields.
3. Electric potential difference (voltage) is defined as the change in electric potential energy of a charge divided by the charge, and represents the work required to move a charge between two points against the electric field.
Kerja dan Energi
The document discusses various types of energy, including kinetic energy, potential energy, and the concept of conservation of energy. Kinetic energy is the energy of motion and depends on an object's mass and speed. Potential energy results from position or configuration and can be gravitational, elastic, or other types depending on the forces involved. Conservation of energy states that the total energy in an isolated system remains constant, although it can be transformed between kinetic, potential, and other forms.
Electrostatics
This document discusses electrostatics and Coulomb's law. It explains that electric charge arises from forces between charges described by Coulomb's law, which is similar to Newton's law of gravitation. Charged objects create electric fields in the space around them, represented by field lines. Field lines have direction and indicate the strength and direction of the electric force. The document defines electric field strength and discusses how charged particles move when introduced to an electric field, whether they move along or perpendicular to the field lines. It provides examples of practical applications of these electrostatics concepts in devices like X-ray tubes and particle accelerators.
Unit 2 Electrostatics
This document provides an overview of electrostatics. It defines key concepts like electric field, electric flux density, Gauss's law, capacitance, and more. Applications of electrostatics include electric power transmission, X-ray machines, solid-state electronics, medical devices, industrial processes, and agriculture. Coulomb's law describes the electric force between point charges. Gauss's law relates the electric flux through a closed surface to the enclosed charge. Capacitance is the ratio of stored charge on conductors to the potential difference between them.
Antennas and Wave Propagation
1) The document discusses thin linear wire antennas and their properties like radiation from small electric dipoles, quarter wave monopoles and half wave dipoles.
2) It describes the calculation of electromagnetic fields using retarded potentials for time-varying sources like electric and magnetic dipoles.
3) Key concepts discussed include the vector and scalar potentials, derivation of wave equations from Maxwell's equations, and calculation of power radiated from a current element.
Similar to Emt ch 4 (20)
E&M Lecture 2.pptx 2nd semester lecture UET mardan
E&M Lecture 2.pptx 2nd semester lecture UET mardan
Emt ch 4
- 6. A uniform electric field is assumed to Evaluate this integral
- 16. As we defined the electric field intensity as the force on a unit test charge ,similarly we define the potential difference V as the work done (by an external source) in moving a unit positive test charge from one point to another in an electric field. Hence the potential difference between initial point B to a final point A is
- 17. is positive if work done is positive in carrying the positive charge from B to A.
- 25. For N no of charges
- 29. This equation is true for static fields, but we had to modify it for the Time-varying fields which we’ll stud later on. Any field that satisfies this equation is said to be a conservative field.
- 31. For a short element of small length