This thesis examines the employment facilitation model of the sustainable livelihood program of the Department of Social Welfare and Development in the Philippines. It analyzes the effectiveness of the program's implementation and the problems encountered based on surveys of program implementers and beneficiaries. Key findings include that the program is implemented effectively through shared responsibility, but beneficiaries sometimes back out due to lack of social preparation. The study concludes the program is generally effective but problems exist, though not at a significant level. It recommends proposed interventions to address problems and improve implementation.

1. Lyceum-Northwestern University - Institute of Graduate and Professional Studiesi
EMPLOYMENT FACILITATION MODEL OF THE SUSTAINABLE
LIVELIHOOD PROGRAMOF THE DEPARTMENT OF
SOCIAL WELFARE AND DEVELOPMENT
A Thesis
Presented to
The Faculty of Institute of Graduate and Professional Studies
LYCEUM-NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
Dagupan City
In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Degree
MASTER IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
GILBERTO S. CARIÑO
April 2018

2. Lyceum-Northwestern University - Institute of Graduate and Professional Studiesii
APPROVAL SHEET
This thesis is entitled “EMPLOYMENT FACILITATION MODEL OF THE
SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOOD PROGRAM OF THE DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL
WELFARE AND DEVELOPMENT” Prepared and submitted by GILBERTO S.
CARIÑO in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree “MASTER IN
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION” has been examined and is hereby recommended for
FinalOral Examination on April 11, 2018.
Thesis Committee
VERONICA F. AQUINO, Ed.D.
Chairman
PERLA E. LEGASPI, DPA REYNALDO T. GELIDO, DPA
Member Member
JOSEFINA B. BITONIO, DPA
Adviser
APPROVAL SHEET
Approved on April 11, 2018 by the Panel of Examiners with a grade of 97.
VERONICA F. AQUINO, Ed.D.
Chairman
JOSEFINA B. BITONIO, DPA PERLA E. LEGASPI, DPA
Member Member
REYNALDO T. GELIDO, DPA NELIA RESULTAY, DPA
Member Member
Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree
MASTER IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION.
VERONICA F. AQUINO, Ed.D.
Dean, Institute of Graduate and Professional Studies

3. Lyceum-Northwestern University - Institute of Graduate and Professional Studiesiii
CERTIFICATE OF ADMISSION TO CANDIDACYFOR THE DEGREE
MASTER IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
This is to certify that GILBERTO S. CARIÑO was admitted to
candidacy for the degree Master in Public Administration as of 2nd
Semester 2017 – 2018 after passing the Comprehensive Examination in
her Basic Concentration and Cognate Courses given last April 11, 2018
with a grade of 97.
VERONICA F. AQUINO, Ed.D.
Dean, Institute of Graduate and Professional Studies

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The researcher wishes to express his profound gratitude and sincere
thanks to those who shared their wisdom and precious time for the successful
conduct of this research endeavor. The researcher acknowledges sincerely
his indebtedness to the following:
Dr. Josefina B. Bitonio, DPA, the writer’s adviser, for her unending
assistance and guidance in the transformation of this manuscript from its
initial stage until the completion;
Dr. Veronica F. Aquino, Dr. NeliaResultay, Dr. Reynaldo T. Gelido and
Dr. Perla E. Legaspi, Panel Members, for their worthy recommendations to
improve the substance of this study;
Mr. Marcelo Nicomedes J. Castillo, CESO III, Regional Director of the
Department of Social Welfare and Development – Field Office 1 for allowing
the researcher to conduct his study in the said government agency.
Ms. Lorenza R. Decena, RSW, Municipal Social and Welfare
Development Officer of Local Government Unit –
Lingayen,Pangasinan,DSWD - Lingayen Municipal Operations Office Staff,
and Sustainable Livelihood Program partner-beneficiaries in Lingayen,
Pangasinan, for their willingness to cooperate during the data gathering stage
for this study;
His relatives, friends and co-public servants, for their sincere concern
and encouragement;
His family for their moral support, love and prayers for the completion
and success of this study;
Above all, the Almighty Lord for guiding and providing all the needed
necessities in life and in the realization of this piece of work for the glory of
His name.
- GSC

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DEDICATION
To God Almighty,
. . . Who is the moving “Force” behind all good works, Who is the
constant “Provider” of all the things we need and Who is always our
unfaltering “Guide” in our pursuit of success, peace, and everlasting life,
this humble work is dedicated
for the greater glory of His name.
To My Family,
. . . my beloved wife, son, daughter, parents, brothers and sisters,
who are my sources of strength and inspiration.
I lovingly dedicate this piece of work.
Gilbert

6. Lyceum-Northwestern University - Institute of Graduate and Professional Studiesvi
THESIS ABSTRACT
Title: Employment Facilitation Model of the Sustainable
Livelihood Program of the Department of Social
Welfare and Development
Author: GILBERTO SARMIENTO CARIÑO
Degree: Master in Public Administration (MPA)
Institution: Lyceum-Northwestern University
Institute of Graduate and Professional Studies
Date: April 11, 2018
Adviser: JOSEFINA B. BITONIO, DPA
Key Words: Employment Facilitation, Sustainable Livelihood
Program
The study used the descriptive research method to determine the
effectiveness of the employment facilitation implementation of the DSWD’s
Sustainable Livelihood Program. The eight (8) implementers/partners of SLP-
EF and 54 SLP beneficiaries were the respondents of the study. Purposive
sampling was used to determine the respondents of the study. The
questionnaire was the primary data gathering tool for the study. Further,
Focus Group Discussion (FGD) was also used to confirm the data gathered
in the study. Average Weighted Mean and Regression were used as the
statistical data analysis tools in the study.Based from the significant findings
of the study, the following are concluded:The Employment Facilitation Track
of the Sustainable Livelihood Program in terms of Pre-Employment
Assistance Fund; Skills Training and Cash Building Livelihood Asset is
implemented properly through shared responsibility and initiative of the
DSWD.The limited social preparation and responsibility of the SLP
beneficiaries led to the backing out in the implementation of the employment
Facilitation Track of the Sustainable Livelihood Program and this will be
addressed through the proposed intervention.The implementation of the
Employment Facilitation Track of the Sustainable Livelihood Program is
effective although there are problems met and these problems met are not

7. Lyceum-Northwestern University - Institute of Graduate and Professional Studiesvii
significant predictors of the implementation of the Employment Facilitation
Track of the Sustainable Livelihood Program.The intervention measures are
beneficial if properly done and can address the problems met and the
improvement in the implementation of the Employment Facilitation Track of
the Sustainable Livelihood Program. Based from the conclusions, the
following recommendations are hereby offered:The proposed intervention
measuresare encouraged to be implemented with the approval of the higher
authorities for its adoption in their program. The Department of Social
Welfare and Development (DSWD) continuously orient the community to
improve the socio-economic condition of poor Filipinos by facilitating
opportunities for development and management of resources viable for
micro-enterprises and employment facilitation.Intensify the capacity building
activities through mass training and workshops with the help of the other
agencies such as DepEd and LGU for the enhancement of the skills of the
SLP beneficiaries in the locality.Proper dissemination of information is
encouraged to facilitate the access of the SLP beneficiaries to various
employment opportunities with partners.Follow-up study is recommended.

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Table of Contents
Page
TITLE PAGE…………………………………………………………………… i
APPROVAL SHEET…………………………………………………………… ii
CERTIFICATE OF ADMISSION TO CANDIDACY………………………… iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.………………………………………………………iv
DEDICATION…………...……………………………………………………… v
THESIS ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………. vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS………………………….…………………………… viii
LIST OF TABLES……………………..………………………………………. xi
LIST OF FIGURES……………….……………………………………………. xii
Chapter
1 THE PROBLEM 1
Rationale. ……………………………………………………………….. 1
Theoretical Framework …………………………………………………. 13
Conceptual Framework ..……………………………………………… 29
Statement of the Problem……………………………………………….34
Scope and Delimitation………………………………………………… 35
Significance of the Study...…………………………………….………36
Definition of Terms…………………………………………………….37
2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATUREAND STUDIES 40
Related Literature………………………………………………………. 40

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Related Studies……………………..………………………………….64
Foreign Studies.…………………….……………………………………64
Local Studies….…………………….…………………………………… 67
Contribution of Related Studies to the Present Study.……………..69
3 METHODOLOGY 73
Research Design………………………………………………………. 73
Respondents of the Study.…………………………………………..73
Instrumentation and Data Collection…………………………………74
Tool for Data Analysis.………………………………………………..77
4 PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS OF DATA AND INTERPRETATION
OF FINDINGS 79
Level of Effectiveness In the Implementation of the Employment
Facilitation Track of the Sustainable LivelihoodProgram…..……… 79
Problems Being Met In the Implementation of the Employment
Facilitation Track of the Sustainable Livelihood Program….………. 86
Significant Relationship Between the Level of Effectiveness and
Problems Being Met In the Implementation of the Employment
Facilitation Track of the Sustainable Livelihood Program….…… 90
Proposed Intervention Measures to Improve the Implementation
of the Employment Facilitation Track of the Sustainable
Livelihood Program….…………………………………………………. 92
5 SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 93
Summary……………………………………………………………….. 93
Conclusions…….…………………………………………………….. 95
Recommendations…………………..…………………………………96

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6 BIBLIOGRAPHY 97
Articles…………………………………………………………………… 97
Published Studies……….……………………………..………………100
Internet Sources………….……………………………..………………101
APPENDICES
A. Letter Of Request To Conduct A Study………………………………104
B. Questionnaire………….. ………………………………..………..…… 108
C. Memorandum Circulars………………………………………………… 116
Curriculum Vitae……………………………………………………………….. 150

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LIST OF TABLES
1. Distribution of Respondents of the Study……………………………. 72
2. Level of Effectiveness in the Implementation of the Employment
Facilitation Track of the Sustainable Livelihood Program as
Perceived by the Implementers/Partners…….………..………..…… 78
3. Level of Effectiveness in the Implementation of the Employment
Facilitation Track of the Sustainable Livelihood Program as
Perceived by the SLP Beneficiaries..………………………………… 81
4. Problems Met in the Implementation of the Employment
Facilitation Track of the Sustainable Livelihood Program as
Perceived by the Implementers/Partners……………………….…… 85
5. Problems Met in the Implementation of the Employment
Facilitation Track of the Sustainable Livelihood Program as
Perceived by the SLP Beneficiaries.………………………………… 87
6. Significant Relationship Between the Level of Effectiveness and
Problems Met in the Implementation of the Employment
Facilitation Track of the Sustainable Livelihood Program………… 89

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LIST OF FIGURES
1. The Graduation Into Sustainable Livelihood Approach ...…………. 17
2. Results Chain of Sustainable Livelihood Program …..………..…… 25
3. Paradigm of the Study ……………………….………………………… 33