The document summarizes environmental testing performed on electrical equipment at an environmental test facility. Various labs are described that can simulate environmental conditions like vibration, shock, climate, and EMI/EMC. Specific dynamic and vibration test equipment are listed, as well as climatic chambers, a thermal shock chamber, and vacuum equipment. EMI/EMC testing procedures are discussed including radiated emission, conducted susceptibility, and radiated susceptibility tests. The document provides an analysis of EMI/EMC testing performed on an electrical unit to verify its reliability and compliance with standards.

1. ANALYSIS OF EMI/EMC
TESTINGS ON ELECTRICAL
EQUIPMENTS
SUBMITTED BY :
MEENU CHAUDHARY
ROLL NO.: C08533

2. ENVIRONMENT TEST FACILITY
 ETF provides a wide range of environmental simulations
for product testing during storage, transportation,
operation, different stages of development, qualification,
acceptance and production of electronic/ electrical
assemblies in order to weed out the design, fabrication
and integration deficiencies and to ensure product quality.
Environmental testing is used to prove product reliability,
verify manufacturer claims regarding operational
limitations, and determine realistic warranty terms and
preparation of procedures for safe product operation

3. LABS IN ETF
At our environmental lab, state-of-the-art test equipments are used
to simulate a variety of environmental conditions such as:

4. Dynamic Test Facility
 Dynamic testing is accomplished by introducing a
forcing function into a structure, usually with some
type of shaker. Alternately, a DUT (device under test)
is attached to the "table" of a shaker. For relatively low
frequency forcing, servo hydraulic (electro hydraulic)
shakers are used. For higher frequencies,
electrodynamic shakers are used.
 Electrodynamic vibration provides a worthwhile
testing environment for transportation simulation,
mechanical shock, mission profile, and Environmental
Stress Screening (ESS).

5. 3500 kgf Vibration Shake System
 The brief specifications of the
shaker are:
 Frequency range : 10 to 2500 Hz
 Maximum force rating : 3500 KgF
 Payload Capacity : 250 kg
 Maximum acceleration : 100 g
peak
 Maximum velocity : 1400 mm/ sec
 Maximum displacement : 50.8
mm peak-peak
 Digital Vibration Controller : Make
DACTRON, Model LASER

6. Bump Test Machine
The brief specifications of the
bump test machine are:
 Bump duration : 6 to 16 msec
 Payload capacity : 250 kg
 Maximum acceleration : 40 g
peak
 Bump rate : 60 to 180 bumps/
min
 Pulse shape : half sine

7. PNEUMATIC SHOCK TEST
MACHINE
The brief specifications of
the machine are:
 shock duration: 6, 11, 18
& 30 msec
 payload capacity: 450 kg
 max. acceleration: 100 g
peak
 stroke: 21 inches
 pulse shape: half sine,
saw tooth

8. ISAT facility(Intensive Storage
Accelerated test) The brief specifications of the
chambers are:
 Temperature Range : 00C to
1000C with accuracy of ± 10C.
 Average Rate of Heating : 30C per
minute over entire temperature
 Average Rate of Cooling : 30C per
minute over entire temperature
 Humidity : 20 to 97% RH ± 3% RH
limited by minimum dew Point of
+40C in climatic range of +20 to
+850C.
 Recorder :
Eurotherm make two point strip
chart recorder, 100mm chart width
and 20mm per hour

9. CLIMATIC TEST FACILITY
The brief specifications of the
chambers are:
 Size of Chamber :
1m X 1m X 1m (inside
dimension)
 Loading Capacity :
150 kg maximum
 Temperature Range : -50° C
to +125° C with accuracy ±1° C
 Rate of change of Temp. : 4°
C/minute on average
 Humidity Range :
15% TO 98% RH with
accuracy ±3% RH.

10. THERMAL SHOCK CHAMBER
The brief specifications of the
chamber are:
 size: 600 x 600 x 600 (mm)
 payload capacity: 100 kg
 temp range: cold cabinet:
ambient to -60°C
 temp range: hot cabinet:
ambient to +125°C
 transition time: 5 to 30
seconds
 Temperature accuracy: ±1°C
after stratification
 Rate of cooling/ Heating: 5°C
per minute on average

11. VACUUM EQUIPMENT
The brief specifications of
the chamber are:
 Size: 1 m ø x 1 m (H).
 Vacuum : 1 mbar.
 Payload capacity: 250 kg.

12. EMI – EMC TEST FACILITY
 EMI-EMC facility set up in ETF to ascertain reliable
performance of electronic equipments (developed in
TBRL) in the electromagnetic environments. Test
equipments set up in TBRL for conducting EMI-EMC
tests:
 Conducted Susceptibility (CS01) Test Set Up
 Conducted Susceptibility (CS02) Test Set Up
 Conducted Susceptibility (CS06) Test Set Up
 Electrostatic discharge (ESD) Test Set Up
 Radiated Emission (RE01,RE02) Test Set Up
 Radiated Susceptibility RS103 Test Set up

13. EMI (ELECTROMAGNETIC
INTERFERENCE)

14. Coupling paths

15. Coupling paths

16. ELECTROMAGNETIC CAPABILITY
 Electromagnetic Capability (EMC) is the branch of
electrical sciences which studies the unintentional
generation, propagation and reception of
electromagnetic energy with reference to the
unwanted effects that such an energy may induce. To
this purpose, the goal of EMC is the correct operation,
in the same electromagnetic environment, of different
equipment which involve electromagnetic phenomena
in their operation.

17. EMC
 Electromagnetic compatibility is achieved by
addressing both emission and susceptibility issues,
i.e., quieting the sources of interference, making the
disturbance propagation path less efficient, and
making the potentially victim systems less vulnerable.

18. .

19. EXAMPLES OF EMC
 Your computer interferes with FM radio reception
 Operating your vacuum cleaner causes "snow" on your TV
 Your car radio buzzes when you drive under a power line
 A helicopter goes out of control when it flies too close to a radio
tower
 You pick up CB radio conversations on your stereo
 Your telephone is damaged by lightning-induced surges on the
phone line
 The screen on your video display jitters when the flourescent lights
are on
 Your new memory board is destroyed by an unseen discharge as you
install it
 The clock on your VCR resets everytime your air conditioner kicks in
 Your laptop computer interferes with your aircraft's rudder control
 The airport radar interferes with your laptop computer display
 Your pacemaker picks up cellular telephone calls

20. EMI/EMC COUNTERMEASURES
 Source Elimination
 Grounding
 Filters
 Shielding
 Rerouting the cable

21. ANECHOIC CHAMBER
 Room with no echoes
 To suppress
electromagnetic waves
 Absorbers should also
have résistance to
humidity and should not
dust into the
surrounding air.
Absorbers on walls and
ceiling to have light
reflective covers

22. .
 Ferrite tile absorber with impedance matched carbon
impregnated polyurethane foam absorber
 Antistatic vinyl floor tiles 1/8 inch(3mm) to cover
the floor panels
 Thick dielectric floor underlayment 1/8” (3mm)
beneath the floor panels to resist moisture and
maintain electrical isolation
 Material - Galvanized steel/ Iron.

23. Antennas used
ANTENNA TYPES FREQUENCY RANGE FEATURES
10KHZ - 30 MHz 100 to 4,000 Watts
E-Field Antennas & 100 to 500 V/m E-Fields
Parallel Element, Strip Lines, Tri-Plates,
Generators TEM Cell
30 MHz – 1GHz Metrology and Precision
Biconical Antennas Standard and High Power
Available in Commercial and Military
grades
Log Periodic Antennas 30 MHz – 1GHz Compact Designs
100 to 2,500 Watts
Standard and High Gain
1 GHz - 40 GHz Narrow and Wide Band
Horn Antennas Standard and High Gain
Standard and High Power
Available in Commercial and Military
grades.
NA EMI & RF Invisible Tripods
Tripods, Masts and Antenna & EUT Positioners
Positioners Manual Antenna Masts

24. E FIELD ANTENNA

25. BICONICAL AND LOG PERIODIC
ANTENNA(30MHZ TO 1GHZ)

26. HORN ANTENNA (1Ghz to 40 Ghz)

27. TESTINGS DONE TO CHECK EMI/EMC

28. Radiated Emission (RE01,RE02)
 RE(01)-Frequency
range: 30 Hz to 100
Kz
 Re(02)-Frequency
Range - 14 KHz to 10
GHz

29. Conducted Susceptibility (CS01)
 Test specifications:
 Freq range: 30 Hz to 50 KHz
 Amplitude: 10% of supply
voltage or 5V rms
 Equipment used:
 High Power Sweep
Generator Model 8850-1

30. Conducted Susceptibility (CS02)
 Specifications:
 1. 50 KHz to 400 MHz
 2. 1 volt rms across 50Ω
 Equipment used:
 Signal Generator - Make
IFR, Model 2023A

31. Conducted Susceptibility (CS06)
 Specifications:
 1. 2.5 x DC supply
voltage = 70V amplitude
spikes
 2. 10µsec pulse width
 3. 2-20 PPS (variable)
 Equipment used:
 Transient pulse
Generator- Make Solar
Electronics, Model 8282-
I

32. Radiated Susceptibility RS103 using
Horn antenna
 Frequency Range: 10
KHz-40 GHz

 Electric Field 50 V/m
for full freq range

33. Electrostatic discharge (ESD)
 Specifications:
 1. 20 KV pulses
 2. 2 pulses per connector
and body
 Equipment used:
 Electrostatic Discharge
Simulator -Make Noiseken,
Model ESS 2002

34. Project-EMI-EMC PERFORMANCE EVALUATION
OF electrical unit

35. CONDUCTED SUSCEPTIBILITY (CS02) TEST as per - 461C
S.No DESCRIPTION TEST RESULTS REMARKS
1. A Sinusoidal noise (CW) of 1 V RMS,50Ω Functional tests were performed via
was injected onto EUT’s power leads (Mains and Call monitoring between two EUT PASSED
return) in the frequency range of 50 KHz to 400 subscribers and display of characters
MHz for a duration of 300 seconds. on LCD and were found OK during
PREET, INSET & POET.

37. CONDUCTED SUSCEPTIBILITY (CS06) TEST as per - 461C
S.No. DESCRIPTION TEST RESULTS REMARKS
1. In the units, spikes of 70V amplitude, 10µsec Functional tests were performed via
pulse width, 2-20 (variable) were injected on Call monitoring between two EUT PASSED
EUT’s input power leads (Mains and return) subscribers and display of characters
separately in parallel injection mode for duration on LCD and were found OK during
of 300 seconds on each line. PREET, INSET & POET.
Test configuration is shown in Annexure C.

39. CONDUCTED EMISSIONS (CE01) TEST as per – 461C
SNo. DESCRIPTION TEST RESULTS REMARKS
1. From the unit, conducted emissions were Functional tests were performed on the
monitored on the ESIB Receiver via current unit. The emission levels from unit EUT PASSED
probe EZ-17 from EUT’s power leads (Mains were below the limit line as defined in
and return). MIL 461C.
Test configuration and test results are shown

40. Set up
50 T e rm in a tio n o n
S ig n a l O u tp u t P o rt
(O n e fo r E a ch L IS N )
L IS N
Pow er
EUT
Leads
L IS N
C u rre n t P ro b e
5 cm
M e a s u re m e n t
R e c e iv e r
D a ta R e c o rd e r

41. CONDUCTED EMISSIONS (CE03) TEST as per – 461C
S.No DESCRIPTION TEST RESULTS REMARK
S
1. From the unit A2P-01 (QT), conducted Functional tests were
emissions were monitored on the ESIB performed on the unit. EUT
Receiver via LISN from EUT’s power leads The emission levels PASSED
(Mains and return). Test configuration and from unit were below
results are shown the limit line as defined
in MIL 461C.

42. Set up
.

43. RADIATED EMISSIONS (RE01) TEST as per – 461C
S.No DESCRIPTION TEST RESULTS REMARKS
1. From the unit ULSB MK-II, Radiated Functional tests were
emissions were monitored on the ESIB performed on the unit. EUT
Receiver via Magnetic pick up coil HZ-10. The emission levels from PASSED
Test configuration and results are shown unit were below the limit
line as defined in MIL
461C.

44. RE01 set up
Power
In p u t
L IS N
7 cm
R e ce ivin g
Loop
M e a su re m e n t
EUT
R e ce ive r

45. RADIATED EMISSIONS (RE02) TEST as per – 461C
S.No DESCRIPTION TEST RESULTS REMAR
KS
1. From the unit, Radiated emissions were Functional tests were
monitored on the ESIB Receiver via Active performed on the unit. EUT
rod antenna, Biconical antenna, Log The emission levels PASSED
Periodic antenna & Horn antenna. Test from unit were below
configuration and results are shown. the limit line as
defined in MIL 461C.

46. Set up of RE02
T e s t S e tu p B o n d in g
B o u n d a ry
S tra p
ROD
80-90 cm
C o u n t e r p o is e
G r o u n d P la n e o r B o n d in g S t r a p f o r
N o n - C o n d u c t iv e N o n - C o n d u c t iv e T a b le s
T a b le
F lo o r
T e s t S e tu p
B o u n d a ry
B IC O N IC A L
120 cm
80-90 cm
G ro u n d
P la n e
F lo o r
T e s t S e tu p
B o u n d a ry
DOUBLE
120 cm R ID G E H O R N
80-90 cm
G ro u n d
P la n e
F lo o r
1 m

47. RADIATED SUSCEPTIBILITY (RS03) TEST as per - 461C
S.No
DESCRIPTION TEST RESULTS REMARK
S
1. In RS03 test, the unit was exposed to electric Functional tests were performed via
EUT PASSED
field of 1V/m for frequency range of 14 KHz to Call monitoring between two
2 MHz, field of 10V/m for 2 MHz- 30 MHz and subscribers and display of characters
electric field of 5V/m for 30 MHz -1 GHz (for on LCD. Mild distortion was observed
both antenna polarizations) for a duration of 300 in the band of 30-35 MHz (Vertical
seconds in each band. Polarization of Biconilog Antenna).
Test configuration is shown in Annexure H. Cable looms were spaced apart and
reoriented. Finally, the distortion was
found to be within tolerance limits and
the Functional tests were found OK.

48. Test set up

49. Set up

50. THANK YOU