Electromagnetic Interference and Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMI/EMCAishwary Singh
• Characterizing the threat
• Setting standards for emission and susceptibility levels
• Testing of Equipment on heavy Vibrations
• Testing for standards compliance
For queries,
Aishwarya
palsinghaishwarya@gmail.com
Any training class is a considerable investment in terms of cost and your time. You can’t afford to waste any of your precious time and you need to attend something that is useful and improves your productivity. After five years of presentation throughout the world, this workshop is well polished, practical and relevant.
The aim of this workshop is to help you identify, design, prevent and fix common EMI/EMC problems with a focus on earthing and shielding techniques. Learning how to fix earthing and shielding problems on the job can be very expensive and frustrating. Although it must be noted that most of the principles involved are simple, this workshop will give you the tools to approach earthing and shielding issues in a logical and systematic way.
This workshop focuses on the issues of interest to you if you are working in design, operation or maintenance of analog or digital systems involving sensors, data acquisition, process control, cables, signal processing, programmable logic controllers, power distribution, high speed logic etc.
The circuit board layout section concentrates on design and layout of circuits and components on a printed circuit board. The overall focus is on useful design and systems issues; not about regulations and standards. The idea is that you will take this material back with you to your work and apply the key principles immediately to your design and troubleshooting challenges.
WHO SHOULD ATTEND?
Building service designers
CAD managers
Consulting engineers
Data systems planners and managers
Design engineers
Electrical and instrumentation technicians
Electrical contractors
Electrical engineers
Electrical inspectors
Electricians
EMC specialists
Electronics and systems engineers and technicians
Instrumentation and control engineers
Logic designers
Maintenance engineers
Mechanical engineers
Power system protection and control engineers
Printed circuit board designers
Project engineers
Safety professionals
Signal integrity specialists
Technical managers
Test engineers
MORE INFORMATION: http://www.idc-online.com/content/practical-shielding-emcemi-noise-reduction-earthing-and-circuit-board-layout-66
Electromagnetic Interference and Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMI/EMCAishwary Singh
• Characterizing the threat
• Setting standards for emission and susceptibility levels
• Testing of Equipment on heavy Vibrations
• Testing for standards compliance
For queries,
Aishwarya
palsinghaishwarya@gmail.com
Any training class is a considerable investment in terms of cost and your time. You can’t afford to waste any of your precious time and you need to attend something that is useful and improves your productivity. After five years of presentation throughout the world, this workshop is well polished, practical and relevant.
The aim of this workshop is to help you identify, design, prevent and fix common EMI/EMC problems with a focus on earthing and shielding techniques. Learning how to fix earthing and shielding problems on the job can be very expensive and frustrating. Although it must be noted that most of the principles involved are simple, this workshop will give you the tools to approach earthing and shielding issues in a logical and systematic way.
This workshop focuses on the issues of interest to you if you are working in design, operation or maintenance of analog or digital systems involving sensors, data acquisition, process control, cables, signal processing, programmable logic controllers, power distribution, high speed logic etc.
The circuit board layout section concentrates on design and layout of circuits and components on a printed circuit board. The overall focus is on useful design and systems issues; not about regulations and standards. The idea is that you will take this material back with you to your work and apply the key principles immediately to your design and troubleshooting challenges.
WHO SHOULD ATTEND?
Building service designers
CAD managers
Consulting engineers
Data systems planners and managers
Design engineers
Electrical and instrumentation technicians
Electrical contractors
Electrical engineers
Electrical inspectors
Electricians
EMC specialists
Electronics and systems engineers and technicians
Instrumentation and control engineers
Logic designers
Maintenance engineers
Mechanical engineers
Power system protection and control engineers
Printed circuit board designers
Project engineers
Safety professionals
Signal integrity specialists
Technical managers
Test engineers
MORE INFORMATION: http://www.idc-online.com/content/practical-shielding-emcemi-noise-reduction-earthing-and-circuit-board-layout-66
hello readers i give my PPT presentation for about antenna and ther properties and working explain in this ppt
i hope you like it THANK YOU.......!!!!!!!
Presentation on emc testing and measurementRajat Soni
discuss the options for EMC testing for compliance with the EMC Directive from the point of view of a manufacturer who wishes to achieve as much progress as possible, in-house, on a limited budget. It is not addressed to test houses nor to those manufacturers who have the resources to emulate most or all of the facilities of an accredited test house in their own premises. There are many small-to-medium sized enterprises who are able to dedicate a modest budget of several thousands or tens of thousands of pounds to an in-house EMC test set-up and who wish to gain the maximum benefit from so doing.
MicroStrip Antenna
Introduction .
Micro-Strip Antennas Types .
Micro-Strip Antennas Shapes .
Types of Substrates (Dielectric Media) .
Comparison of various types of flat profile printed antennas .
Advantages & DisAdvantages of MSAs .
Applications of MSAs .
Radiation patterns of MSAs .
How to Optimizing the Substrate Properties for Increased Bandwidth ?
Comparing the different feed techniques .
By completing this presentation will be have a clear idea about Antenna's working principles, Antenna's Types & Antenna's Parameters. At the end to this document you'll have a brief idea about Antenna's Tilt vs Distance Calculation & Cluster wise optimum Antenna Selection procedure. Impact of antenna PIM & VSWR have been described elaborately in this document as well.
hello readers i give my PPT presentation for about antenna and ther properties and working explain in this ppt
i hope you like it THANK YOU.......!!!!!!!
Presentation on emc testing and measurementRajat Soni
discuss the options for EMC testing for compliance with the EMC Directive from the point of view of a manufacturer who wishes to achieve as much progress as possible, in-house, on a limited budget. It is not addressed to test houses nor to those manufacturers who have the resources to emulate most or all of the facilities of an accredited test house in their own premises. There are many small-to-medium sized enterprises who are able to dedicate a modest budget of several thousands or tens of thousands of pounds to an in-house EMC test set-up and who wish to gain the maximum benefit from so doing.
MicroStrip Antenna
Introduction .
Micro-Strip Antennas Types .
Micro-Strip Antennas Shapes .
Types of Substrates (Dielectric Media) .
Comparison of various types of flat profile printed antennas .
Advantages & DisAdvantages of MSAs .
Applications of MSAs .
Radiation patterns of MSAs .
How to Optimizing the Substrate Properties for Increased Bandwidth ?
Comparing the different feed techniques .
By completing this presentation will be have a clear idea about Antenna's working principles, Antenna's Types & Antenna's Parameters. At the end to this document you'll have a brief idea about Antenna's Tilt vs Distance Calculation & Cluster wise optimum Antenna Selection procedure. Impact of antenna PIM & VSWR have been described elaborately in this document as well.
Introduction
Aspects of EMC
Definitions
Electrical Dimensions and Waves
EMC Requirements for Electronic Systems
Effects of EME/EM Interference
EMC Testing Routine
List of EME and EMI Tests
Avoid EMC Failure
EMC EMI testing standard :CISPR 16
EMI EMC standard for testing: IEC 61000
Typical EMC Test Facilities
Semi-Anechoic Chamber (10m) configuration
Limits and Test for Radiated Emission(RE) and Conducted Emission(CE)
Test for Radiated Susceptibility(RS), Conducted Susceptibility(CS) and Electrostatic Discharge(ESD)
Fundamentals of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)Bruno De Wachter
Electromagnetic interference, EMI, has become very important in the last few decades as the amount of electronic equipment in use has increased enormously. This has led to an increase in the sources of interference, e.g. digital equipment and switching power supplies, and an increase in the sensitivity of equipment to interference, due to higher data rates.
This development demands high quality electrical installations in all buildings where electromagnetic non-compatibility leads to either higher costs or to an unacceptable decrease in safety standards.
This application note gives an overview and a basic understanding of the major physical principles of electromagnetic interference and an introduction to the principles of mitigation of disturbing effects. As a result, the measures required to achieve an EMC-compliant installation should be easily understood.
Electromagnetic interference (EMI)
Electromagnetic and electrostatic
Common Impedance coupling
Method of elimination and minimization of interfeace and noise
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
2. INTRODUCTION:
Electromagnetics (EM) is a branch of physics or electrical engineering in
which electric and magnetic phenomena are studied.
Electromagnetic interference exist in every communication link.it
manifests itself as noise.
Electromagnetic interference (EMI) is electromagnetic energy that
adversely affects the performance of electrical/electronic equipment by
creating undesirable responses or complete operational failure.
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) is the ability of electrical or
electronic equipment/systems to function in the intended operating
environment without causing or experiencing performance degradation
due to intentional EMI.
The most common methods of noise reduction include proper equipment
circuit design, shielding , grounding, filtering, isolation, separation and
orientation and noise cancellation techniques.
2
4. DEFINITION OF EMI & EMC:
EMI???
Electromagnetic interference is the degradation in the performance of a
device due to the fields making up the electromagnetic environment.
EMC???
Electromagnetic compatibility is achieved when a device functions
satisfactorily without introducing intolerable disturbances to the
electromagnetic environment.
4
7. BASIC ELEMENTS OF EMI
SITUATION
7
Interference occurs if the received energy causes the receptor to
function in unwanted manner.
Whether the receiver is functioning in wanted or unwanted
manner, depends on the coupling path as well as the source and
victim.
The medium is to be made as inefficient as possible.
9. RADIATED INTERFERENCE
9
Narrow band interference usually arises from intentional transmissions such as radio
and TV stations, pager transmitters , cell phones etc. It is a high frequency operation .
Example: proximity effect
Broad band interference usually comes from incidental radio frequency emitters.
These includes electric power transmission lines, electric motors etc. It is a low
frequency operation
Example : skin effect
10. CONDUCTED INTERFERENCE
Conducted electromagnetic interference is caused by the physical contact of the
conductors as opposed to radiated EMI, which is caused by induction (without
physical contact of the conductors).
Electromagnetic disturbances in the EM field of a conductor will no longer be
confined to the surface of the conductor and will radiate away from it.
This persists in all conductors and mutual inductance between two radiated
electromagnetic fields will result in EMI
10
13. Intra system EMI
causes
Inter system EMI
causes
13
Effects of EMI
Momentary disturbance in TV and radio reception due to operation of mixer-
grinder/electric shavers/a passing vehicles etc
Reset of computers and loss of data.
Change of setting of status of control equipments.
Failure of pace maker implemented in a patient due to a „walkie talkie‟
Malfunctioning of flight controlling system due to use of laptop by passenger.
Biological hazards.
14. Sources of EMI:
The sources of EMI can be broadly classified into two groups
Natural sources of EMI
example: lightning
Manmade sources of EMI
example: commercial radio and telephone communications
In specific we can classify as
Functional: EMI can originate from any source designed to generate
electromagnetic energy and which may create interference as a normal part of its
operation
Incidental: EMI can originate from man made sources .These sources are not
designed specifically to generate electromagnetic energy but which do infact cause
interference.
Natural: EMI can be caused by natural phenomena, such as electrical storms ,
rain particles , solar and interstellar radiation.
14
16. EMI CONTROL TECHNIQUES:
To control or suppress EMI, the
three common means employed
in the design process are
Grounding
Shielding
Filtering
16
17. Grounding:
17
Grounding is the establishment of an
electrically conductive path between two points
to connect electrical and electronic elements of
a system to one another or to some reference
point, which may be designated as the ground.
.An ideal ground plane is a zero-potential
,zero-impedance body that can be used as a
reference for all signals in associated circuitry
and to which any undesired current can be
transferred for the elimination of its effects.
Bonds provide protection from electrical shock, power circuit current return paths, and antenna
ground plane connections, and also minimize the potential difference between the devices. They
have the ability to carry large fault current.
Bonding is the establishment of a low-impedance
path between two metal surfaces. Grounding is a
circuit concept, while bonding denotes the physical
implementation of that concept.
18. Shielding:
The purpose of shielding is to confine radiated energy to a specific region or to prevent radiated
energy from entering a specific region.
Shields may be in the form of partitions and boxes as well as in the form of cable and connector
shields.
Shield types include solid, nonsolid (e.g., screen), and braid, as is used on cables. In all cases, a
shield can be characterized by its shielding effectiveness.
The shielding effectiveness is defined as
SE=10 log incident power density
transmitted power density
where the incident power density is the power density at a measuring point before a shield is
installed and the transmitted power is the power density at the same point after the shield is in place.
18
10
19. Filtering:
An electrical filter is a network of lumped or
distributed constant resistors, inductors, and
capacitors that offers comparatively little
opposition to certain frequencies, while blocking
the passage of other frequencies.
Filter provides the means whereby levels of
conducted interference are substantially reduced.
The most significant characteristic of a filter is
the insertion loss it provides as a function of
frequency.
Insertion loss is defined as
IL=20 log V2/V1
Where V1 is the output voltage of a signal source
with the filter in the circuit, and V2 is the output
voltage of the signal source without the use of
the filter.
19
10
20. ELECTRO MAGNETIC
COMPATIBILITY
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) is the branch of electrical science which
studies the unintentional generation, propagation and reception of electromagnetic
energy with reference to the unwanted effects (Electromagnetic interference, or
EMI) that such energy may induce.
The goal of EMC is the correct operation, in the same electromagnetic
environment, of different equipment which use electromagnetic phenomena, and
the avoidance of any interference effects.
A system is said to be electro magnetically compatible if :-
• It doesn't cause interference with other system .
• It is not susceptible to emissions from other systems.
• It doesn‟t cause interference with itself.
EMI is a phenomenon while EMC is an equipment characteristic or a property not
to generate EMI above a certain limit and not to be affected or disturbed by EMI.
The statement "Live and let live" is the best way to describe EMC.
20
21. The methodologies
used to prevent
EMI are:-
Suppress the emissions at source
point , best method to control EMI.
Make the coupling path as inefficient
as possible.
Make the receiver less susceptible to
emission.
21
22. COUPLING MECHANISM:
22
The basic arrangement of noise source, coupling path and victim, receptor or sink is
shown in the figure below. Source and victim are usually electronic hardware devices,
though the source may be a natural phenomenon such as a lightning strike, electrostatic
discharge(ESD) or, in one famous case, the Big Bang at the origin of the Universe.
23. There are four basic coupling mechanism :
1. Conductive
2. Capacitive
3. Magnetic/Inductive
4. Radiative
Conductive coupling:
Conductive coupling occurs when the coupling path between the source and the
receptor is formed by direct contact with a conducting body, for example a
transmission line, wire, cable, PCB trace or metal enclosure.
Conduction modes:
Conducted noise is also characterized by the way it appears on different conductors:
Common mode or common impedance coupling:
Noise appears in phase(in the same direction) on two conductors.
Differential mode coupling:
Noise appears out of phase(in the opposite direction)on two conductors.
23
24. Capacitive coupling:
Capacitive coupling occurs when a varying electrical field exists between
two adjacent conductors typically less than a wavelength apart, inducing a
change in voltage across the gap.
Inductive coupling:
Inductive coupling occurs where the source and receiver are separated by
a short distance (typically less than a wavelength).
Strictly, "Inductive coupling" can be of two kinds, electrical induction and
magnetic induction.
It is common to refer to electrical induction as capacitive coupling, and to
magnetic induction as inductive coupling.
Magnetic coupling:
Magnetic coupling (MC) occurs when a varying magnetic field exists
between two parallel conductors typically less than a wavelength apart,
inducing a change in voltage along the receiving conductor.
24
25. Radiative coupling:
Radiative coupling or electromagnetic coupling occurs when source and
victim are separated by a large distance, typically more than a wavelength.
Source and victim act as radio antennas: the source emits or radiates
an electromagnetic wave which propagates across the open space in
between and is picked up or received by the victim.
25
26. NEED FOR EMC STANDARDS:
The EMC standards are required for trouble free co-existence
and to ensure satisfactory operation.
They are also required to provide compatibility between
electrical, electronic, computer, control and other systems.
Standards are required as manufacturer-user interaction and
user‟s knowledge on EMI are limited.
They are also required for establishing harmonized standards
to reduce international trade barriers and to improve product
reliability and life of the product.
26
27. EMC STANDARDS:
These are of two types
Military Standards :
Military EMC standards are made in order to ensure system-to-system
compatibility in the real time military environment. Military standards
are more stringent than civilian standards. Most of the military standards
are broadly based on MIL-STD 461 and 462.
Civilian Standards:
The civilian EMC standards are applicable for equipments used for
commercial, industrial and domestic applications. The emission
standards are specified to protect the broadcast services from
interference..
27
28. ADVANTAGES OF EMC
STANDARDS
The advantages are:
Compatibility, reliability and maintainability
are increased.
Design safety margin is provided.
The equipment operates in EMI scenario
satisfactorily.
Product life and profits are increased.
28
29. EMC STANDARDS IN DIFFERENT
COUNTRIES:
Sl
no
Standard
name
Meaning Country
1 CISPR(IEC) Committee International
Special
Perturbations Radioelectriques
– Europe
International
committee
2 FCC Federal Communications
Council
USA
3 SAE Society of Automobile
Engineers
Trade Association
Technical Committee
4 VG Military standard Germany
5 VDE Verband Deutscher
Electrotecknikev
Germany
6 ISI EMI measurements &
measuring apparatus
India
29
30. CONCLUSION:
The fact that EMI was recognized as a problem of significant practical
concern three-quarters of a century ago generally suggests that by now this
must be a well-understood field, and solutions to problems are
consequently a routine technology.
The position is that a great deal of theoretical, analytical and practical
information is today available to understand EMI, have graduated from the
traditional EMC fixes based on trail and error approach.
EMC has developed into a very interdisciplinary subject.
Many problems and topics in this field are how ever still open for further
research.
There is aerial need for further research on several aspects of EMC .These
include characterization of interferences, measurements techniques etc...
30
31. REFERENCES:
“Emi protection for communication systems” a textbook by kresimir
malaric.
“Elements of electromagnetics” a textbook by Sadiku,3rd edition.
“Applied electromagnetics and Electromagnetic compatibility” a
textbook by Dipak L.Sengupta, Valdis V.liepa
http://www.arrl.org/tis/info/rfigen.html RadioFrequency
Interference/ElectroMagnetic Interference, ARRL
http://www.kyes.com/antenna/interference/tvibook.html
INTERFERENCE HANDBOOK
EMC Testing and Standards in Transient Immunity Testing, RF Immunity.
Electronics-project-design.com. Retrieved on 2011-07-19.
31